Entomology Commons^™

Cantharidin And Insects: An Historical Review, Daniel K. Young

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The defensive role played by cantharidin in meloid and oedemerid beetles has been well documented. However. several groups of insects are known to orient positively toward the chemical or to the beetles which produce it: Miridae (Hemiptera); Pyrochroidae, Anthicidae (Coleoptera): Ceratopogonidae, Anthomyiidae (Diptera); and Braconidae Hymenopteran. Literature citations are summarized for each of these taxa using current nomencla.tun: and indicating the nature of the association.

Field Evidence Against Rodent Burrow Entering By Aedes Triseriatus (Diptera: Culicidae), Edward D. Walker

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The tree-hole developing mosquito Aedes triseriatus (Say) is the major vector of La Crosse encephalitis virus in the upper mid-western United States (Calisher and Thompson 1983). This virus overwinters in the eggs of this mosquito, and in the summer infects chipmunks and squirrels which have been bitten by infected mosquitoes (op. cit). Non-infected mosquitoes may become infected when they blood-feed on viremic sciurid rodents (Pantuwatana et al. 1972).

Predatory Insects And Spiders From Suburban Lawns In Lexington, Kentucky, Stephen D. Cockfield, Daniel A. Potter

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Predatory arthropods were caught in pitfall traps in suburban lawns in Lexington, Kentucky. The relative abundance of species of Lycosidae, Carabidae, and Staphylinidae was compared in Kentucky bluegrass and tall fescue turf. Nine species of Lycosidae were collected from both the bluegrass and tall fescue lawns. More species or phena of Carabidae were collected from bluegrass than from tall fescue turf. More than 40 species or phena of staphylinids were collected from each grass habitat. Both Kentucky bluegrass and tall fescue are inhabited by an abundant and diverse array of predatory arthropods.

Emergence Of Adult Hessian Flies (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) From Overwintered Puparia, Robert F. Ruppel

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), is a pest of wheat and more rarely barley and rye. The fly usually has two generations per year in Michigan, one in the spring and the other in the fall. The summer and winter are spent as small, hard, black puparia (called "flax seeds") in the culms of the host small grains and grasses. Farmers very early found that fly damage could be avoided by planting their winter grains "late" in the season. Studies made early in this century found that the earliest date for planting to avoid the fly (the "fly-free …

Development Of Empirical Models To Rate Spruce-Fir Stands In Michigan's Upper Peninsula For Hazard From The Spruce Budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): A Case History, Ann M. Lynch, Gary W. Fowler, John A. Witter

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The procedure used to develop empirical models which estimate potential spruce budworm impact to spruce-fir stands in Michigan's Upper Peninsula is reviewed. Criteria used to select independent variables, to select the best of alternative multiple linear regression models. and to validate final models are discussed. Preliminary, intermediate, and final results demonstrate a cyclic pattern to the development procedure. Validation is emphasized as an important step in the procedure. Implications of using the hazard-rating system as a pest management tool in the stand management process are discussed.

Diapause And Emergence Patterns In Univoltine And Bivol Tine Populations Of Promethea (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), J. G. Sternburg, G. P. Waldbauer

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Data are presented on the diapause and the seasonal emergence patterns of the adults of a univoltine Callosamia promethea population from northern Indiana and a partially bivoltine population from central Illinois. At Urbana, Illinois, the median emergence date of adults from overwintering Illinois pupae was about a month earlier than that of adults from overwintering Indiana pupae. Illinois samples had a much longer emergence period than Indiana samples. Indiana samples showed a slight tendency toward a bimodal emergence pattern, a few individuals emerging in late May and the rest emerging as a tightly synchronized group from late June to mid-July. …

Electroantennogram Responses Of The Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) And Cereal Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) To Volatile Chemicals Of Seedling Oats, Stanley G. Wellso, Ronald G. Buttery, Robert P. Hoxie

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta, eIectroantennogram (EAG) responses to 10 volatile chemicals of seedling oats and three of injured green plants were significantly different from each other while cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melallopus, EAG responses were not significantly different. The EAG responses of both species did not vary significantly with respect to sex, age, or between the antennae of the same specimen. (E)-2-hexenol, a compound extracted from injured green plants, yielded the highest peak response for the armyworm while more cereal leaf beetle antennae responded to this chemical than any other chemical. Armyworm antennallife averaged 38 + 20 min while those …

Control Of The Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) On Tomatoes With Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Thuringiensis, G. E. Cantwell, W. W. Cantelo

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), is a serious pest of tomatoes grown in this country. This beetle is also developing resistance to several classes of chemical insecticides including most of the carbamates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and organophosphates (Forgash 1981). and most recently to the pyrethroids. According to figures in a report released by Schwartz and Klassen (1981). the value of the tomato crop in the CSA in 1978 was placed at $914,121,000 and crop loss due to Colorado potato beetle (CPB) damage alone would be 93% of its value if no control were undertaken. These figures along with …

Records Of Pachybrachis In Illinois (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Robert J. Barney

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A list of the 20 species and subspecies of Pachybrachis contained in the collections of the Illinois Natural History Survey and Southern Illinois University, and the author's personal collection, is presented, with recorded ecological data and county distribution records where known.

Field Studies Of Cantharidin Orientation By Neopyrochroa Flabellata (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae), Daniel K. Young

The Great Lakes Entomologist

During field studies conducted in south-central Michigan in 1977 and 1980. 109 specimens of Neopyrochroa flabellata were observed and collected at filter papers baited with cantharidin. Only the two highest concentrations used (39.2 mg. 392 j.Lg) elicited responses. and the beetles did not prefer one over the other. In the 24-h studies, most specimens were observed at the cantharidin baits between dusk and 0100 hrs (61 %; n = 14). and 0430-0630 hrs (26%; n = 6). Only two of the 109 specimens were female.

A Checklist Of Megaloptera And Neuroptera (Planipennia) Of Indiana, H. R. Lawson, W. P. Mccafferty

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Sixty-five species of the insect orders Megaloptera and Neuroptera have been confirmed as being distributed in the state of Indiana, with the majority representing new state records.

The Relationship Between North And Middle American Stenonema (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), W. P. Mccafferty

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Stenonema integrum (McDunnough) is shown to be a junior synonym of S. mexicanum (Ulmer.) n.syn. Subspecific status is delegated to Nearctic and Neotropical populations of this species as S. m. imegrum and S, m. mexicanum, respectively. Newly studied materials from Costa Rica and Belize indicate that adults of the two subspecies may be differentiated by the presence of thoracie pleural stripes in S. m. mexicanum. Consistent differentiating lanai characteristics are not known, A Pleistocene dispersal into Middle America and subsequent vicariance is hypothesized.

Pseudachorutes (Pseudachorutes) Orientalis (Collembola: Hypogastruridae), New Species From New York, Steven J. Loring

The Great Lakes Entomologist

While examining pitfall samples collected at the Brookhaven National Laboratory's "Gamma Forest"· in 1968 by Dr. George E. Klee, I encountered an unknown species of Pselldachorutes. The purpose of this paper is to describe that species.

Diploplectron Peglowi, A New Record For Michigan (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Astatinae), Mark F. O'Brien

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Diploplectron peglowi is recorded from Michigan for the first time. Collecting data indicate that D. peglowi is probably bivoltine and widespread but not common within the state. This is only the second state east of the Mississippi River in which D. peglowi has been found.

An Improved Procedure For Laboratory Rearing Of The Corn Earworm, Heliothis Zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), G. P. Waldbauer, R. W. Cohen, S. Friedman

The Great Lakes Entomologist

An improved method for the laboratory rearing of the corn earworm. Heliothis zea, described. The rearing medium is a modification of the commonly used wheat germ An oviposition chamber, a feeder for adults, and a simple and inexpensive contrnlled humidity chamber are described.

Brown-Tail Moth, Euproctis Chrysorrhoea, An Indigenous Pest Of Parks And Public In The Benelux Countries (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), F. M. Kniest, J. R. Hoffman

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Euproctis chrysorrhoea is a pest of park and shade trees and of the public in the Benelux countries as well as in the northeastern United States and Canada. In the Benelux countries the brown-tail moth is present every year in the dune regions, where it mainly feeds on Hippophae rhamnoides. Hairs from the larvae are irritating to the human skin producing a papular urticaria. An outbreak of the caterpillars produced widespread discomfort at a beach in the Netherlands in 1982 following defoliation of food plants and migration of the larvae seeking food, with resulting human contact, as well as …

Considerations When Sampling Spruce Budworm Egg Masses On Balsam Fir And White Spruce In The Lake States: Low Population Levels, Gary W. Fowler, Gary A. Simmons

The Great Lakes Entomologist

One cluster each of balsam fir, Abies balsamea, and white spruce, Picea glauca, trees was chosen from each of five stands of spruce-fir in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. The foliage surface area and the number of new egg masses of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana, were determined for each branch and the top of each tree. The effects, in terms of the bias and the variance of the estimator, of sampling in different parts of the tree and with various size branches were determined. Factors that the sampler should consider in developing sampling plans to estimate spruce bud worm egg mass …

Considerations When Sampling Spruce Budworm Egg Masses On Balsam Fir In The Lake States: Low To Extreme Population Levels, Gary A. Simmons, Gary W. Fowler

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Nineteen balsam fir trees, Abies balsamea, from five spruce-fir stands in Michigan's Upper Peninsula, were used to study egg mass densities and distributions. Ten were used to study the effects of branch size on mass density estimates. The foliage surface area and the number of new egg masses spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana, were determined for each branch, and the top of each tree and (or) the branch segment of interest. We determined the effects of the bias and the variance of the estimator, of sampling different parts of the tree, and of sampling different size branches. Points that should be …

Summer Diapause Of The Clover Leaf Weevil, Hypera Punctata, And Lesser Clover Leaf Weevil, Hypera Nigrirostris, In Wisconsin, James A. Latsinger, James W. Apple

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Low respiration rates, immobility, lack of feeding, and undeveloped reproductive systems confirmed a summer diapause in the overwintered and current-year adults of the clover leaf weevil, Hypera punctata, and lesser clover leaf weevil, Hypera nigrirostris. The prolonged summer diapause and extended winters in Wisconsin set strict limitations on the available time for damaging populations to develop on red clover, Trifolium pratense thus assuring the status of these weevils as minor pests.

Flower Records For Anthophilous Cerambycidae In A Southwestern Michigan Woodland (Coleoptera), D. C. L. Gosling

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Flower records are listed for 33 species of anthophilous Cerambycidae based on a six-year study in an 80-ha woodland in southwestern Michigan. Included is the first published flower record for Gaurotes thoradca, taken from Cornus racemosa.

Cerambycid Host Plants In A Southwestern Michigan Woodland (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), D. C. L. Gosling

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Host plant associations are listed for 61 species of Cerambycidae based on a six-year study in an 80-ha woodland in southwestern Michigan.

Notes On Hyadaphis Foeniculi And Redescription Of Hyadaphis Tataricae (Homoptera: Aphididae), David Voegtlin

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The occurrence of Hyadaphis foeniculi in North America is discussed and a list of its synonyms in the North American literature is presented. H. tataricae is redescribed and a key to separate the two is given along with comparative drawings and photo- graphs.

A New Record For Magicicada Septendecim In Michigan (Homoptera: Cicadidae), Charley A. Chilcote, Frederick W. Stehr

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Adult 17-year cicadas, Magicicada septendecim were collected on the Michigan State University campus, East Lansing, Michigan in 1982. Their probable origin and chances for surivial are discussed.

Identification And Distribution Of Baetisca Nymphs (Ephemeroptera: Baetiscidae) In Wisconsin, William L. Hilsenhoff

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Nymphs of three species of Baetisca (Ephemeroptera: Baetiscidae) have been collected in Wisconsin. Baetisca laurentina was most abundant. occurring in a wide variety of streams and occasionally in impoundments. Baetisca obesa was uncommon and occured only in two large rivers, while B. lacustris was somewhat more common and inhabited medium to streams. Except for a few nymphs of B. lacustris that were collected from Green Bay on Lake Michigan, no Baetisca nymphs were found within 100 km of Lake Michigan.

Aquatic Hemiptera Of Wisconsin, William L. Hilsenhoff

The Great Lakes Entomologist

About 59,000 aquatic Hemiptera were collected in Wisconsin, most of them in the last 15 years. These include three species of Belostomatidae, 48 species of Corixidae, one species of Naucoridae, four species of Nepidae, nine species of Notonectidae, and one species of Pleidae. The riparian Gelastocoris oculatus was also found. Species keys for adults are provided along with notes on identification, habitat, biology, distribution, and abundance. Most species reached peak abundance in late summer and autumn and overwintered as adults, but seven species apparently overwintered as eggs. Most lentic species flew to streams or larger len tic habitats to overwinter. …

Flowers Associations And Mating Behavior Or Its Absence At Blossoms By Spilomyia Spp. (Diptera, Syrphidae), G. P. Waldbauer, Arthur W. Ghent

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Syrphid flies of many species visit blossoms to obtain nectar and pollen (see Waldbauer 1983 for referencesl. Many of these syrphids, in common with other insects (Parker 1978), also find mates at the blossoms. Males of these syrphid species make aerial patrols of inflorescences frequented by females, alternating these patrols with sitting on foliage. l11ey pounce on or chase insects of various species and swiftly initiate copulation with can specific females (Collet and Land 1975; Maier 1978; Maier and Waldbauer 1 979a,b).

A Maple Wood Wasp, Xiphydria Maculata, And Its Insect Enemies (Hymenoptera: Xiphydriiade), Mark A. Deyrup

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A xiphydriid wood wasp, Xiphydria mandata, is very common in branches ofAeer spp. in Indiana. and is frequently the proximate cause of branches falling from shade trees. X. maculata is attacked by seven parasitoids: Alliaells bllrquei (Aulacidae), A. digitalis, Rhyssella nitida (Ichneumonidae), Xiphydriophagus meyerinckii (Pteromalidae), Coeloides rossicus betulae (Braconidae), Spathills elegans (Braconidae), and Orussus sp. (Orussidae). The latter three parasitoids prior to this study had no confirmed hosts; Xiphydriophagus is new to N. America. This parasitoid complex is compared with that of the Palaearctic Xiphydria camelus, showing a series of pairs of closely related Palaearctic and Nearctic forms.

Effect Of A Hay Mulch And Of A Companionate Planting On Cabbage Pest Populations, W. S. Cranshaw

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cabbage crop environments were modified by either use of a hay mulch or intercrop- ping with "companionate" plants (nasturtium, thyme, and rosemary). A temporary reduction in egg and larval numbers of imported cabbageworm (Artogeia rapae L.) occurred on mulched plots. This effect disappeared later in the season as the plants grew large and coyered the mulch. On some interplanted plots, temporary increases in cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni Hubner) larvae and decreases in imported cabbageworm eggs were noted. Hov.'Cver. on most dates, there was no effect of interplanting on pest populations. The general lack of effects on cabbage insect pests …

Possible Colonization Strategies Of Some Carabid Beetles Inhabiting Stream Shores (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Paul M. Holeski

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Certain species of insects appear to be better adapted by virtue of their particular strategy to survive disruption of the habitat than do others sharing the same area. Bembidion impotens, a carabid beetle, was especially successful in rapidly recolonizing a defaunated stream shore and in maintaining a relatively high population when the habitat was subjected to normal but severe disruption.

The First Record Of Delphacodes Havanae In The United States (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae), Stephen W. Wilson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Delphacodes havanae Muir and Giffard has been reported from Guyana, Guatemala, Cuba (Muir and Giffard, Bull. Hawaiian Sugar PI. Assoc. 15:1-53, 1924) and Puerto Rico (Caldwell and Martorell, 1. Agric. Univ. Puerto Rico 34:133-269, 1950).