Entomology Commons^™

Barbaetis: A New Genus Of Eastern Nearctic Mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), R. D. Waltz, W. P. Mccafferty, J H. Kennedy

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The new genus Barbaetis Waltz and McCafferty, and new species Barbaetis benfieldi Kennedy are described from larvae collected from the New River, Virginia. Barbaetis is easily told from Baetis by the presence of procoxal osmobranchia. Cladistics of B. benfieldi, related Pseudocloeon species, and the lutheri and pavidus complexes of Baetis are presented and indicate the need for further taxonomic revision. The habitat of B. benfieldi is described in terms of several ecological parameters. The new species demonstrates a univoltine life history with postembryonic development restricted to a short springtime period.

New Synonomy In Hypogastrura (Collembola: Hypogastruridae), R. D. Waltz, J. W. Hart

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

In the course of faunistic studies of Indiana Collembola, seasonal occurrences of the two species Hypogastrura packardi (Folsom), 1902 and H. notha (MacNamara), 1922 were found to exhibit seasonal dimorphism and population dynamics similar to those patterns observed in cyclomorphic species previously reported in literature (Leinaas 1981 a,b).

Developmental Rate And Longevity Of Illinoia Pepperi (Homoptera: Aphididae) On Excised Blueberry Leaf Disks, E. A. Elsner, M. E. Whalon

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The aphid Illinoia pepperi is the vector of blueberry shoestring virus, a serious disease of cultivated high bush blueberry. We present a laboratory study of the developmental rate of I. pepperi on excised blueberry leaf discs at different temperatures from 5 to 29°C. Growth rates were lowest at the upper temperature treatments (26 and 29°) and at 10°C. Growth rate and duration in degree-days for each life stage are presented as well as an overall regression equation for development. The lower developmental threshold was calculated at 3.4°C. The results are being used in a phenological management system and an epidemiological …

The Brachycentridae (Trichoptera) Of Wisconsin, William L. Hilsenhoff

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Five species of Brachycentrus and three species of Micrasema were collected. Previous records for Brachycentrus lateralis in Wisconsin are incorrect and should be for B. incanus. but B. lateralis larvae were collected recently in Douglas County. Brachycentrus americanus. B. numerosus. B. occidentalis, Micrasema kluane. M. rusticum and M. wataga usually occurred statewide in unpolluted permanent streams, but were generally absent from southern and eastern agricultural counties where most streams are organically enriched. More than one species and genus frequently occurred in the same stream. with Micrasema larvae often being found in streams with less current than required by Brachycentrus …

Pammene Perstructana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Identified After More Than A Century, William E. Miller

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Sciaphila perstructana Walker has been known only from the female holotype, and Pammelle signifera (Heinrich) only from males. Based on associated males and females from the Great Lakes area. the two names apply to one species. The resulting synonymy leads to a new combination. Pammene perstructana, and finally associates a species with this long-battling specitlc name.

Melanistic Males Of Callosamia Promethea (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), G. P. Waldbauer, J. G. Sternburg

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

During the summer of 1983 seven melanistic male promethea moths appeared among several hundred males that emerged from cocoons we were holding in the laboratory.

Adult Emergence In Two Univoltine Callosamia Promethea Populations: Preponderance Of The Early Emerging Morph In The North And Of The Late Emerging Morph In The South (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), G. P. Waldbauer, J. G. Sternburg

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Callosamia promethea is common on wild black cherry, Prunus serafina, at the University of Michigan Biological Station in northern lower Michigan. In this area the early emerging morph is preponderant, while to the south in northern Indiana, the late emerging morph is preponderant.

Longevity And Weight Loss Of Free-Flying Male Cecropia Moths, Hyalophora Cecropia (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), G. P. Waldbauer, J. G. Sternburg, D. H. Janzen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

During their spring flight season, free-ranging male cecropia moths lived a maximum of 12 days (one of 124 recaptured moths of 387 released moths). The number of survivors declined precipitiously after day five; five to seven days is probably the usual life span. The recaptured moths did not have different initial weights than those that were not recaptured. The larger the moth the more absolute weight it lost and the faster it lost weight during the first few days. A moth lost about 20% of its weight during the first night of flight and accumulated about a 40% weight loss …

The Slave-Making Ant Formica Gynocrates (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Mary Talbot

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Formica gynocrates, a recently described species of slave-making ant, was found at the E. S. George Reserve in southern Michigan. It contrasted with the other five sanguinea group species found there by living in dry fields and enslaving a field-dwelling ant, Formica vinculans. Slave raids were carried on from 16 June to 11 September and flights occurred between 5 July and 14 August. Three other sanguinea group species, F. subintegra, F pergandei, and F. rubicunda, were most common along field-wood ecotones. They enslaved F subsericea, and F pergandei occasionally took F pallidefulva nitidiventris F subnuda lived in and under …

A New Host Family For Lyroda Subita (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae), Frank E. Kurczewski, Margery G. Spofford

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Lyroda subita, a sphecid that ordinarily stocks its cells with Gryllidae, is reported provisioning a two-celled nest in upstate New York with Tridactylidae. The structure of the nest, depth of celis, stages of wasps, and degree of paralysis of the prey are described.

Temperature And Crowding Effects On Virus Manifestation In Neodiprion Sertifer (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) Larvae, M. A. Mohamed, H. C. Coppel, J. D. Podgwaite

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Temperature and (or) crowding (larval density) functioned as stressors in the induction of symptoms associated with the nucleopolyhedrosis virus of the European pine sawfly, Neodiprion sertifer, Subsamptes of larvae maintained at 30 and 35°C, with three levels of larval density each (20, 60, and 100/shoot) which had died under these conditions, revealed the presence of polyhedral inclusion bodies under microscopic examination. In contrast, larvae maintained at 25°C with the same three larval density levels experienced no symptoms of virus infection or mortality, The latter was consistent with field observations when temperatures during larval development ranged from 14°C to 27°C …

Nearctic Rhyacionia Pine Tip Moths: A Revised Identity And A New Species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), William E. Miller

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Moths now identified as Rhyacionia busckana are a mix of two long-confused sibling species. The name R. busckana applies to the species with male antennal pecten length subequal to antennal segment length. and with female sterigma width threecfold or more ostium bursae width. The name R. granti applies to the previously undescribed species ltype locality Iron Bridge, Algoma District, Ontario) with male antennal pecten length at least two-fold antennal segment length, and with female sterigma width less than three-fold ostium bursae width. Structural differences were discovered after sex attractant studies revealed differences in behavioral physiology and phenology. In the Great …

An Illustrated Key To The Pupae Of Six Species Of Hydropsyche (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) Common In Southern Ontario Streams, Jane E. Rutherford

The Great Lakes Entomologist

I present a key for the identification of pupae and pupal exuviae of six species of Hydropsyche that are widely distributed throughout northeastern North America and that are particularly abundant in the streams of southern Ontario. Use of the pupal key requires less manipulation of a specimen than either removing larval sclerites from the pupal case or attempting to discern the adult genitalia through the pupal integument.

Archilestes Grandis In Wisconsin (Odonata: Lestidae), Susan Sullivan Borkin

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Archilestes grandis (Rambur) is the largest damselfly that occurs in America north of Mexico. Its distribution in the United States was reported by Muttkowski (1910) as Lower Sonoran, Washington to Baja California, and Texas.

Clover Root Curculio Injury And Abundance In Minnesota Alfalfa Of Different Stand Age, Whitney S. Cranshaw

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Root injury and midsummer adult abundance of clover root curculio (CRC), Sitona hispidulus (Fabricius), was surveyed in 24 different aged southeastern Minnesota alfalfa fields. CRC presence was not detected in first year fields 2-3 months following stand establishment. Increased root scarring was observed as stand age increased and most fields 3-5 years old showed heavy CRC root scarring. High CRC adult popUlations and widespread root scarring was found in second year alfalfa fields which suggests that CRC is a mobile insect capable of rapidly colonizing new plantings.

Aquatic Insect Colonization And Substrate Changes In A Relocated Stream Segment, Richard P. Narf

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A section of Bear Creek in northwestern Wisconsin was relocated to accommodate new highway construction. The 850-m section of the stream was shortened to 650 m and fashioned with five broad bends and a uniform width and depth. Sandy substrate and lack of coarse particulate organic matter within the new channel delayed colonization by aquatic insects. The absence of snags, boulders, and cobbles in the design of the new channel reduced available habitat. Substrate stabilization and colonization of available habitats was determined to be complete 5.5 years after channelization, when the 22 dominant insect taxa were similar to the control …

Social Feeding Behavior Of Hyphantria Cunea Larvae (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) In Multiple Choice Experiments, William N. Cannon Jr.

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The response of fall webworm larvae, Hyphantria cunea, to identical feeding stimuli presented in a series of multiple choice tests was studied in the laboratory. Instead of responding independently, all larvae in 61 % of the trials were observed to aggregate at one of two identical feeding stations.

Notes On The Vanhorniidae (Hymenoptera), Mark Deyrup

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The biology and taxonomy of Vanhornia eucnemidarum Crawford, a rare and specialized parasitoid of Eucnemidae, is reviewed. The position of the genus Vanhornia as a separate family is reaffirmed.

Description Of A New Species Of Slave-Making Ant In The Formica Sanguinea Group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Roy R. Snelling, William F. Buren

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The new species, Formica gynocrates, is described and illustrated from all the castes. This slave-making species is a member of the sanguinea group and is most similar to F. pergandei. The type locality is the E. S. George Reserve, Livingston County, Michigan. Specimens were also examined from North Dakota, Wyoming, and Colorado. A key is provided for the separation of the described North American members of the sanguinea group. The most commonly associated slave species is F. vinculans Wheeler, a member of the neogagates group. It is our opinion that F. vinculans is a valid species and not a synonym …

The Economics Of Spruce Budworm Outbreaks In The Lake States: An Overview, Debra J. Huff, Bruce A. Montgomery, John A. Witter, G. Robinson Gregory

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Economic effects of spruce budworm outbreaks in the Lake States were examined. The recent outbreak caused spruce and fir mortality on 420 thousand ha (I.OS million acres) of commercial forest land in the Lake States. Two models of Lake States spruce-fir markets were developed. A Static Economic Model established the nature of the Lake States spruce-fir market and a Comparative Static Model examined changes brought about by spruce budworm outbreaks.

Outbreaks result in short-run supply shifts which probably decrease total revenue to stumpage owners but do not affect demand. The magnitude of long-run impacts were dependent on developing Lake States …

Effect Of White Spruce Release On Subsequent Defoliation By The Yellowheaded Spruce Sawfly, Pikonema Alaskensis (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), B. W. Morse, H. M. Kulman

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Hand release of 22 5-year-old white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, dramatically increased the amount of defoliation by the yellowheaded spruce sawfly, Pikonema alaskens is . The percent defoliation of the released trees was six times the defoliation in the control trees. A light overstory for young white spruce is suggested as a silvicultural method of reducing defoliation by this sawfly.

Notes On Microctonus Spp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Introduced To Iowa Against The Alfalfa Weevil, Hypera Postica (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), James W. Mertins

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The braconid parasitoid Microctonus colesi was released in Story and Boone counties, Iowa, but not recovered from collected alfalfa weevils, Hypera postica. Sampled adult weevils were parasitized at an overall seasonal rate of 41.5% by Microctonus aethiopoides, although it had not been released in the immediate vicinity.

Live Branches On Pine Stumps Deter Pales Weevil Breeding In Michigan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Jeffrey A. Corneil, Louis F. Wilson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Eastern white pine and Scotch pine stumps with living branches were unattractive to pales weevil for breeding. When feasible, leaving a few lower branches on Christmas tree stumps during harvest should prevent weevil buildup.

Some Light And Temperature Effects On The Behavior Of The Adult Pales Weevil, Hylobius Pales (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Jeffrey A. Corneil, Louis F. Wilson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Adult pales weevils react to light and temperature cues regarding their movements in pine plantations. They remain at the base of their host trees during the day and move onto the trees after dark. A drop in light intensity to 2 fc triggers this response. Ambient temperature below 10°C curtails their movements. Weevils placed on the ground are photophobic at temperatures below 20°C and photophobic and thermophobic above 35°C. Orientation is erratic above 40°C and heat stupor occurs in a few minutes.

Detection Of Bronze Birch Borer Larvae And Pupae By Radiographs (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), John Ball, Gary Simmons

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Bronze birch borer larvae and pupae were detected in small branches through the use of a portable X-ray unit. The optimum exposure time was 40 sec at 55 kV.

Effects Of Aprons On Pitfall Trap Catches Of Carabid Beetles In Forests And Fields, Marc E. Epstein, Herbert M. Kulman

The Great Lakes Entomologist

This study compared the efficacy of three types of pitfall traps in four forest and two field habitats. Two traps had aprons and one did not. The two apron traps were the same except for a gap between the trap and the plywood-apron, allowing captures from above or below. Traps were placed in a split-plot design and had three replicates of the three trap types per habitat. The traps were emptied each week from May to September. ANOVA's were performed on 12 trapped species separately over habitats, weeks, and the in- teractions between them. The nonapron trap captured over 40% …

Drift Of Riffle Beetles (Coleoptera: Elmidae) In A Small Illinois Stream, Dennis L. Newman, Richard C. Funk

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The daily and seasonal periodicities of drift of riffle beetles were examined in Polecat Creek. Illinois. during the spring and summer of 1978. Drift samples were collected from a single site over four 24-h periods. Dubiraphia vittata adults comprised 72% of the total numerical sample and exhibited greatest mean daily drift density in September. Macronychus glabratus adults were also common in drift collections, with highest densities re- corded during .'.lay and August. The drift of D. vittata and M. glabratus exhibited distinct patterns of die! periodicity with peaks occurring in the early hours of darkness. Substantial differences in drift densities …

Comparison Of Leafhopper Species Complexes In The Ground Cover Of Sprayed And Unsprayed Peach Orchards In Michigan (Homoptera: Cicadellldae), Thomas M. Mowry, Mark E. Whalon

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Two Michigan peach orchards were sampled for leafhoppers using a fixed-area ground sampling device attached to a D-vac®. Absolute abundance estimates indicated that routine tree insecticide applications greatly depressed leafhopper populations. This, and the fact that no resident, known vectors of the X-disease pathogen were detected, suggests that increasing insecticide applications to check the spread of the disease through vector control would be ineffective.

Visual Recognition Of Females By Male Calopteryx Maculata (Odonata: Calopterygidae), Janette Ballou

The Great Lakes Entomologist

In order to determine the function of the white wing stigma in Calopteryx mandata, males and females were marked or left unaltered, pinned onto a stick and presented to free ranging males. Male responses to females with blackened stigmas were minimal whereas most males responded to unaltered females, unaltered males, and altered males. It is suggested that presence of the white stigma, in combination with wing transparency, is important for male discrimination between the sexes.

Field Records And Observations Of Insects Associated With Cantharidin, Daniel K. Young

The Great Lakes Entomologist

This paper reports on insect species not previously associated with cantharidin, the terpenoid defense mechanism of blister beetles (Meloidae). Species from the following tau were obserYed and collected: Miridae (Hemiptera); Endomychidae, Pyrochroidae, AnthiLidae (Coleoptera); Ceratopogonidae, Sciaridae (Diptera); and Braconidae (Hymenoptera). In addition to listing the associations, a discussion of cantharidin orientation is presented along with preliminary hypotheses to explain these intriguing examples of coevolution .