Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons^™

Initial Survey Of The Butterflies And Skippers In The Vicinity Of The Buck Creek Serpentine Barrens, Clay County, North Carolina, Ronald R. Gatrelle

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Summary

General. Serpentine barrens are generally low in biotic diversity. However, these barrens are known to frequently harbor unusual species of plants and animals not usually found elsewhere. A survey was conducted from May 4 through October 2, 2001 in and around the Buck Creek Barrens located in Clay County, North Carolina, United States to document the butterfly and skipper taxa present at this location and their status. The site was visited 15 times during this period with at least two visits each month except September and October. A total of 76 different taxa were located with another 14 …

Interactions Among Environmental Drivers: Community Responses To Changing Nutrients And Dissolved Organic Carbon, Jennifer L. Klug, Kathryn L. Cottingham

Dartmouth Scholarship

Biological communities are frequently exposed to environmental changes that cause measurable responses in properties of the community (hereafter called environmental drivers). Predicting how communities respond to changing environmental drivers is a fundamental goal of ecology. Making predictions, however, can be very difficult, particularly when multiple environmental drivers change simultaneously and there are interactions among the drivers. We investigated the effects of the interaction between changes in nutrient loading and changes in colored dissolved organic matter (measured as dissolved organic carbon, DOC) on the dynamics of phytoplankton communities over a 7‐yr period. In 1991, Long Lake, a small seepage lake in …

Modeling Bighorn Sheep Habitat In Northwest Nebraska, Kyle M. Forbes

Department of Geography: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In recent years geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing technologies have been used extensively in habitat suitability modeling. By incorporating these technologies, scientists often gain the ability to formulate and implement a more detailed habitat suitability model with the addition of more detailed spatial information. A habitat suitability model was developed to quantify and describe the available suitable Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis) habitat in the Pine Ridge of northwestern Nebraska and determine if a minimum viable population (MVP) of this species can be supported naturally in the region. The model included a strong spatial …

Fall 2001, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Nebraska And South Dakota 2000 Missouri River Recreational Use Survey: Supplement Ii, Nebraska And South Dakota 2000 Missouri River Recreational Use Survey, Fort Randall Tailwater To Big Sioux River, Gerald Mestl, Gerald Wickstrom, Clifton Stone

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

The 2000 Missouri River recreational use survey ran 1 April 2000 through 31 December 2000 and covered the Fort Randall Dam to Big Sioux River reach. Recreational user data was collected from postage paid post cards left on vehicles and through personal interviews. Pressure data was collected during a roving survey from ground counts of vehicles, boat trailers, recreational users. Aerial counts were made to compare angling and recreational boating data with ground count data. Recreational users spent an estimated 745,303 hours on the Missouri River survey reach during 2000. Fishing accounted for an estimated 458,749 hours, or 62% of …

Winter Severity And Wolf Predation On A Formerly Wolf-Free Elk Herd, L. David Mech, Douglas W. Smith, Kerry M. Murphy, Daniel R. Macnulty

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

We studied wolf (Canis lupus) predation on elk (Cervus elaphus) in Yellowstone National Park from 17 March to 15 April 1997 (severe winter conditions) and from 2 to 31 March 1998 (mild winter conditions) 2-3 years after wolves were reintroduced to the park. Elk composed 91% of 117 kills. Data comparisons for 1997 versus 1998 were: hunting success rate, 26% versus 15%; kill rate, 17.1 kg/wolf/day versus 6.1; percent of kill consumed in first day, 7 versus 86; percent femur marrow fat of adult kills, 27 versus 70; calf:adult ratios of kills, 2:33 versus 17:23; sex …

Fine Root Dynamics In Atlantic White Cedar (Chamaecyparis Thyoides) Wetlands: Patterns Of Ecosystem Development In Natural And Restoration Settings, Harvey Leroy Rodgers

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

This work addresses seasonal and successional factors of root dynamics in natural and restoration Atlantic white cedar (AWC) wetlands. Using minirhizotrons, fine root dynamics in a chronosequence of naturally-regenerating and restoration AWC wetlands were measured to compare ecosystem development trends with restoration conditions. A second study was conducted to compare fine root dynamics in AWC wetlands with contrasting hydroperiods. In addition, a technical study was conducted to determine the feasibility of estimating root biomass with indirect minirhizotron measurements.

Root biomass estimates using minirhizotrons were significantly higher in naturally regenerating AWC wetlands and significantly lower in the restoration site relative to …

The International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter, September 2001, International Lepidoptera Survey, Ron Gatrelle, Harry Pavulaan, Norbert G. Kondla

International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter

Contents

Thorybes clarification by Ron Gatrelle (pages 1-2)

TC-ISBN Taxonomically Correct - Index of Scientific Butterfly Names: Why do we need yet another North American names list? by Harry Pavulaan (pages 3-6)

The Taxonomic Report, preview

Mitoura grynea smilacis aberrants by Ron Gatrelle (page 8)

Research request: Agriades aquilo? by Norbert G. Kondla (page 9)

An Examination Of The Mitoura (Lycaenidae) In The Southeastern United States: With The Description Of A New Subspecies Of Mitoura Hesseli, Ronald R. Gatrelle

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Four subspecies of Mitoura grynea occur in the United States east of the Mississippi River. The nominate subspecies occupies this entire area except for Florida and the coastal regions of South Carolina and Georgia. Mitoura g. grynea is usually associated with Juniperus virginiana. A neotype is designated for Lycus gryneus from Aiken County, South Carolina. Mitoura grynea smilacis is endemic to the southeastern coastal islands and coastal mainland from about Brunswick Georgia north to the Santee River delta of South Carolina. Smilacis’ range corresponds to that of Juniperus silicicola in that area. A neotype is designated for …

An Examination Of Southeastern U. S. Satyrium (Lycaenidae: Theclinae), Part Two: The Identification And Delimitation Of Nominate Satyrium Liparops And The Description Of A New Subspecies From West Central Peninsular Florida, Ronald R. Gatrelle

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

The name Satyrium liparops liparops has traditionally been applied to all liparops populations from eastern Georgia southward. This tradition is shown to be in error. The type locality of nominate liparops is restricted by original description to Screven County, Georgia. A neotype is designated from Screven County and deposited in the Museum of the Hemispheres (MOTH) collection Goose Creek, South Carolina. The range of nominate liparops is projected to be from coastal South Carolina across the far southern United States (including the Florida panhandle) and into Texas. The population in west central peninsular Florida is described as new subspecies S …

Avian And Mammalian Use Of Three Small Urban Wetlands Invaded By A Pest Species, Reed Canarygrass (Phalaris Arundinacea L.), Laurie Dizney

Dissertations and Theses

Small urban wetlands are being destroyed and degraded at an alarming rate. One result of degradation is invasion by pest species, such as reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L. ). Reed canarygrass forms virtual monocultures in a wide range of wetland types. Wetlands normally have high plant species richness and abundance, which is widely believed to lead to faunal diversity. The purpose of the present study was to determine to what extent birds and mammals use a wetland dominated by reed canarygrass. The research was conducted at Tualatin Hills Nature Park in Beaverton, Washington County, Oregon. I examined three sites …

Sustaining Biological Diversity In Early Successional Communities: The Challenge Of Managing Unpopular Habitats, Robert A. Askins

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Benthic Biological Monitoring Program Of The Elizabeth River Watershed (2000), Daniel M. Dauer

Elizabeth River Reports

Executive Summary

A study of the macrobenthic communities of the Elizabeth River watershed was initiated in summer 1999. This report presents the data from the second year of sampling in 2000. The three objectives of the Benthic Biological Monitoring Program of the Elizabeth River watershed are: (1) To characterize the health of the tidal waters of the Elizabeth River watershed as indicated by the structure of the benthic communities. ( 2) To conduct trend analyses on long-term data at 14 fixed-point stations to relate temporal trends in the benthic communities to changes in water and/or sediment quality. Trend analyses will …

Systematics Of The Subterranean Amphipod Genus Stygobromus (Crangonyctidae) In Western North America, With Emphasis On Species Of The Hubbsi Group, Daqing Wang

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation presents a study of the systematics of the subterranean amphipod genus Stygobromus of family Crangonyctidae in western North America. A total of 53 species of Stygobromus from western North America (including one species from Wisconsin) are recognized, 28 of which are new to science. All species are described and illustrated using external morphological features. A key to the western North America species of Stygobromus is given, as well as a summary of habitats of the species.

Cladistic analyses are conducted using 32 external morphological characters and two categories of outgroup choices: “all-zero” theoretical ancestor and three non-Stygobromus …

Water Rights As Contested Terrain: The Case Of Tenmile Creek, Oregon, Marcie L. Allen

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis examines the complex conflict over water rights at Tenmile Creek, located along the south central Oregon Coast. The research is an exploratory case study identifying the main motivations of actors, the constraints they faced, and the conditions that encouraged or dissuaded collaborative behavior.

The main objectives are (1) to refine the understanding of the relationship between societies and their physical environment in market societies that are both motivated to exploit and preserve natural resources and, (2) to explore the kinds of institutional arrangements that may be required to manage the water supply in a collaborative and sustainable manner. …

An Examination Of Southeastern U.S. Satyrium (Lycaenidae: Theclinae), Part One: An Obscure New Subspecies Of Satyrium Edwardsii, Ronald R. Gatrelle

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Satyrium edwardsii meridionale is described as a new subspecies from Aiken County, South Carolina, United States. This scarce colony is the southeasternmost known population of this butterfly in the United States. It was discovered by the author (Ronald R. Gatrelle) in 1990 near Aiken State Park in Aiken County, South Carolina. This site is in South Carolina’s upper Coastal Plain in the southern part of the state adjacent to Georgia. It is known from only one male and one female at the type locality. Because it was known from only one pair, the author thought it best to wait until …

Clarification Of And Comments On Northern Speyeria Hydaspe Subspecies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), Norbert G. Kondla

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

The geographic distribution and use of three northern Speyeria hydaspe subspecies names is reviewed. This is necessary due to literature errors about the type locality of subspecies rhodope (Edwards, 1874). The correct placement of the rhodope type locality renders the name S. hydaspe sakuntala (Skinner, 1911) of interior British Columbia as a junior synonym of S. hydaspe rhodope. The name S. hydaspe minor (McDunnough, 1927) is available for the coastal populations by those who recognize these as different from those of the interior.

Spring/Summer 2001, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Casco Bay Watershed Wetlands Characterization, State Planning Office

Maine Collection

Casco Bay Watershed Wetlands Characterization

State of Maine Executive Department - State Planning Office

Augusta, Maine, May 2001

Contents: Abstract / Background / Getting Started / Designing the System / The Characterization / The Prioritization / Results / Cautions / Significance of the Approach / Literature Cited / Figure 1 - Biophysical Regions of Maine / Appendix A: Steering Committee Members / Appendix B: Field Verification Form / Appendix C: Contacts

Morphometric Evaluation Of The Whitefish Complex In Bear Lake, Utah/Idaho, Alan Ward

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Whitefish populations around the world have long been difficult to categorize taxonomically. The whitefish of Bear Lake, Utah/Idaho are no exception. There are three recognized species of Prosopium that are endemic to the lake. Two of these species, Prosopium spilonotus and Prosopium abyssicota, have previously been indistinguishable outside of spawning times. Previous studies have proposed additional taxa within P. spi/onotus to further complicate the identification among these taxa.

Morphological characteristics were quantified on wild whitefish from Bear Lake, as well as from progeny reared in the laboratory from the wild adult fish. The purported taxa were separated in the field …

An Ethical Framework For Interpreting The United States Endangered Species Act, Cathryn M. Elgin

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In this study I argue that a holistic approach is better than an individualistic approach for interpreting the United States Endangered Species Act (ESA). I propose that the use of a holistic ethical framework, based on fundamental environmental philosophy, is better in that it more effectively fulfills the ESA's goals of species and ecosystem conservation. Holistic ethics is based on concern for a community as a whole, while individualistic ethics is based on concern for the individual. A holistic approach, I argue, is more beneficial to nature than is an individualistic approach or other non-holistic approaches. I set up basic …

Trophic Cascades, Nutrients, And Lake Productivity: Whole-Lake Experiments, Stephen R. Carpenter, Jonathan J. Cole, James R. Hodgson, James F. Kitchell, Michael L. Pace, Darren Bade, Kathryn L. Cottingham

Dartmouth Scholarship

Responses of zooplankton, pelagic primary producers, planktonic bacteria, and CO2 exchange with the atmosphere were measured in four lakes with contrasting food webs under a range of nutrient enrichments during a seven-year period. Prior to enrichment, food webs were manipulated to create contrasts between piscivore dominance and planktivore dominance. Nutrient enrichments of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus exhibited ratios of N:P > 17:1, by atoms, to maintain P limitation. An unmanipulated reference lake, Paul Lake, revealed baseline variability but showed no trends that could confound the interpretation of changes in the nearby manipulated lakes. Herbivorous zooplankton of West Long Lake (piscivorous fishes) …

Determining Differences In The Spatial Distribution Of Forest Structure On The Kaibab Plateau: Implications For Forest Management And The Northern Goshawk, Ryan S. Miller

Other Publications in Wildlife Management

The Kaibab Plateau, in North Central Arizona, has undergone extensive change in the last 100 years due to land management practices such as logging, road building, and fire suppression. The northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) has been a center of controversy, due to the potential effects of silvicultural practices on goshawk breeding habitat (Reynolds-1983, Bloom et al 1986, Kennedy 1989, Crocker-Bedford 1990). Current and past research efforts on the Kaibab Plateau have mapped Goshawk nesting territories and temporal change in nesting behavior and success. However, these research efforts have not determined how long-term spatial changes in land-use activities that have influenced …

The Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilization On Short-Term Fine Root Dynamics In A Barrier Island Dune Community, John Walter Hutton

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Fine root dynamics are an important yet poorly understood component of terrestrial ecosystems. In recent years a number of researchers have focused on fine root dynamics; their work has looked at patterns across one or multiple growing seasons on a scale of monthly measures. The purpose of this study was to add to the overall understanding by looking at fine root dynamics on a shorter temporal scale. Minirhizotron observation tubes were used to assess the effect of nitrogen fertilization on short-term fine root dynamics in a nutrient limited, barrier island dune system. Root length elongation and mortality rates followed expected …

Seasonal Phytoplankton Assemblages Of Five Ephemeral Ponds In York County, Virginia, Michelle R. Kokolis

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Five ephemeral ponds were identified in and around the Grafton Ponds Natural Area Preserve, approximately 56 km north of the City of Norfolk, Virginia. These ponds, which are filled seasonally by precipitation and groundwater discharge, range from 0.1 ha to 2 ha in size and from 4 cm to 3 meters in depth. Ponds for the study were chosen based on variations in their size, depth, basin cover material, canopy openness, and historical inundation period. The purpose of this study is to relate differences in the phytoplankton assemblages to the physical and chemical characteristics of the ponds. All five ponds …

A Comparison Of Phytoplankton Communities In Lake Prince And The Western Branch Reservoir, Suffolk, Virginia, Cara Marie Muscio

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Lake Prince and the Western Branch Reservoir are two eutrophic bodies of water located in Suffolk, Virginia. Lake Prince and its two small tributaries join the Western branch via a constructed spillway. This lake system is a source of water for the surrounding municipalities, and a recreational area for community citizens. In the past, these bodies of water had repeated incidents of low oxygen and nuisance algal blooms, particularly cyanobacteria species. As a result aerators have been installed in the main body of both Lake Prince and the Western Branch Reservoir. In addition, a pipeline has been installed from North …

A Common Pattern Of Somite Cell Rotation In Three Species Of Pipidae, Shou-Yuan Fan, Rafael O. De Sá, Gary P. Radice

Biology Faculty Publications

During amphibian somitogenesis, presumptive myotome cells change shape from round or polygonal to elongated and aligned parallel to the notochord (for reviews see Radice, et al., 1989; Keller, 2000). Although the final orientation of myotomal cells is always axial, the movements that achieve this final arrangement can differ greatly between species. The simplest movement is that seen in Bombina variegata, Pelobates fuscus, and Bufo bufo (Brustis et al., 1976; Brustis, 1979; Kielbowna, 1981 ). In these anurans, after segmentation myotomal cells simply elongate along the embryo’s anteroposterior axis. The urodeles Ambystoma mexicanum and Pleurodeles waltl have a very different pattern; …

Land Use Patterns In Relation To Lake Water Quality In The Lake George And Oaks Pond Watersheds, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College

Colby College Watershed Study: Other Area Studies

There has always been an inexplicable wonder associated with the beauty of Maine lakes. In addition to their aesthetic value, lakes and ponds provide important habitats for aquatic and terrestrial wildlife. The attraction of the lake's natural beauty, however, can increase recreational pressures that may lead to human induced eutrophication. Lake George and Oaks Pond were chosen as the Colby Environmental Assessment Team's (CEAT) study sites due to the concern about potential human induced eutrophication of both water bodies. Lake George and Oaks Pond are situated in southern Somerset County, Maine, and experience heavy recreational and developmental uses. Neither water …

Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Free-Ranging Deer In Nebraska, David G. Renter, Jan M. Sargeant, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Jeff D. Hoffmann, Jerry R. Gillespie

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

In order to determine the prevalence and distribution of the human pathogen, Escherichia coli O157:H7, in free-ranging deer, hunters were asked to collect and submit fecal samples from deer harvested during a regular firearm season (14–22 November 1998). Prior to the season, 47% of the hunters with permits in the southeastern Nebraska (USA) study area indicated a willingness to participate in the study. Approximately 25% of successful hunters in the area submitted deer fecal samples. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was cultured from four (0.25%) of 1,608 total samples submitted. All of the fecal samples that were properly identified (1,426) and all …

Natural Succession Of Benthic Populations In Constructed Sediment Ponds And Ditches In Southwestern West Virginia, Robin E. Dolin

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Strip mining causes major disturbances of the natural environment. One such disturbance is the creation of valley fills, which often fill in the headwaters of small streams. Runoff from these valley fills can cause heavy siltation as well as acid and heavy metal deposition downstream. One way to combat this problem is through the construction of sedimentation ponds, which slow down the flow of water so that sediment can settle out and water chemistry can be altered before the water is discharged into the stream. Since these ponds are, in effect, temporarily replacing small headwaters once present, the question is …