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Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Articles 31 - 60 of 333

Full-Text Articles in Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

Species Richness, Distribution, And Relative Abundance Of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) Of The Buffalo National River, Arkansas, M. Matthews, F. Usrey, S. W. Hodges, John L. Harris, Alan D. Christian Jan 2009

Species Richness, Distribution, And Relative Abundance Of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) Of The Buffalo National River, Arkansas, M. Matthews, F. Usrey, S. W. Hodges, John L. Harris, Alan D. Christian

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Buffalo River in north-central Arkansas is approximately 246 km long and flows through the Boston Mountains and Springfield and Salem Plateaus to the White River near Buffalo City. The Buffalo River is America’s first National River with the National Park Service owning 11% of land in the watershed. The objectives of this project were to survey the entire perennially wet length of river, search for mussels of conservation concern, and document the freshwater mussel assemblages. During 2004 and 2005, 235 km of the river were qualitatively and quantitatively surveyed. We documented 64 mussel assemblages. Time constrained qualitatively sampled assemblages …

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Determination Of Benthic Soil Conditions Using Nematodes: Nematode Foodweb Conditions Of Fish Ponds In The Lincoln And Desha Counties Of Arkansas, M. M. Matute, P. W. Perschbacher, A. Newell Jan 2009

Determination Of Benthic Soil Conditions Using Nematodes: Nematode Foodweb Conditions Of Fish Ponds In The Lincoln And Desha Counties Of Arkansas, M. M. Matute, P. W. Perschbacher, A. Newell

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We determined the health status of similar channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) ponds in Lincoln and Desha counties of Arkansas, using the nematode soil food web condition as our reference point. Soil nematodes were categorized into colonizer-persister (cp) groups, based on their life course characteristics e.g sensitivity to environmental changes, body size, etc. These cp groups represent different components of the soil food web, which in turn were indicators of soil conditions. Benthic soil samples were collected at four week intervals over a 4-month period, from 6-ponds in each county. The nematodes were extracted according to standard methods and the recovered …

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Unionoida (Mollusca: Margaritiferidae, Unionidae) In Arkansas, Third Status Review, John L. Harris, William R. Posey Ii, C. L. Davidson, Jerry L. Farris, S. R. Oetker, J. N. Stoeckel, B. G. Crump, M. S. Barnett, H. C. Martin, J. H. Seagraves, M. W. Matthews, R. Winterringer, C. Osborne, Alan D. Christian, N. J. Wentz Jan 2009

Unionoida (Mollusca: Margaritiferidae, Unionidae) In Arkansas, Third Status Review, John L. Harris, William R. Posey Ii, C. L. Davidson, Jerry L. Farris, S. R. Oetker, J. N. Stoeckel, B. G. Crump, M. S. Barnett, H. C. Martin, J. H. Seagraves, M. W. Matthews, R. Winterringer, C. Osborne, Alan D. Christian, N. J. Wentz

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We analyzed stream inventories, phylogeographic studies, community and population estimates, life history and reproductive biology research, and suitable habitat investigations conducted from 1997-2008, as well as the Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission mussel database, to update the conservation status for all native freshwater unionoid bivalves thought to occur in Arkansas. Prior to this study, Harris et al. (1997) reviewed the distribution and status of 75 freshwater mussels considered native to Arkansas and ranked 22 species as endangered, threatened or special concern. We now recognize 85 mussel taxa in Arkansas; however, some of those have yet to be described or their nomenclature …

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Mussel Inventory And Population Status Of The Federally Endangered Potamilus Capax (Green 1832) In The Tyronza River, Arkansas, N. J. Wentz, John L. Harris, Jerry L. Farris, Alan D. Christian Jan 2009

Mussel Inventory And Population Status Of The Federally Endangered Potamilus Capax (Green 1832) In The Tyronza River, Arkansas, N. J. Wentz, John L. Harris, Jerry L. Farris, Alan D. Christian

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Currently, few data exist for the mussel assemblages of the Tyronza River, Arkansas. The goal of this project was to inventory the freshwater mussel assemblages of the Tyronza River and determine the status of the federally endangered Potamilus capax. We qualitatively and quantitatively sampled mussel assemblages and documented the occurrence of S1 (extremely rare), S2 (very rare), and S3 (rare to uncommon) species. A total of 70.4 river kilometers were sampled in 2006 and 2007 resulting in 363 sampling sites, 4030 live individuals, and 25 species. We observed a total of 1 S1, 2 S2, and 9 S3 species. Mean …

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Distribution And Population Characteristics Of Lower Walleye In The Eleven Point River, Arkansas, Ronald L. Johnson, S. D. Henry, Sam W. Barkley Jan 2009

Distribution And Population Characteristics Of Lower Walleye In The Eleven Point River, Arkansas, Ronald L. Johnson, S. D. Henry, Sam W. Barkley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Walleye Sander vitreus (Mitchill) distributions and ecology have been poorly studied in southern river basins. We studied the longitudinal distribution and population characteristics of walleye in an unregulated river within the Ozark region of the U.S., the lower Eleven Point River, Arkansas, which has high species diversity. Walleye were collected in a 60 km segment of the river by daytime boat electrofishing over a three year period (2002-2004). Catch rates, growth rates and size structure were high relative to other streams studied in North America. Catch per effort ( = 5.2/h) was similar seasonally, spatially and among years. Proportional stock …

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Amphibian, Reptile, And Small Mammal Associates Of Ozark Pocket Gopher Habitat In Izard County, Arkansas, M. Connior, I. Guenther, Thomas S. Risch, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2008

Amphibian, Reptile, And Small Mammal Associates Of Ozark Pocket Gopher Habitat In Izard County, Arkansas, M. Connior, I. Guenther, Thomas S. Risch, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We conducted a study of the amphibian, reptile, and small mammal community assemblage of Ozark pocket gopher (Geomys bursarius ozarkensis) habitat in north-central Arkansas. We used 2 methods to capture individuals: hand capture and drift fences. During the study, we captured and marked a total of 9 anuran, 4 salamander, 5 lizard, 3 turtle, 16 snake, and 8 small mammal species exclusive of pocket gophers. We found one hatchling three-toed box turtle (Terrapene carolina triunguis) and one rough earth snake (Virginia striatula) inside a pocket gopher burrow and mound, respectively. Additionally, we witnessed both eastern racers (Coluber constrictor) and eastern …

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Acanthocephalan Parasites (Echinorhynchida: Heteracanthocephalidae; Pomphorhynchidae) From The Pirate Perch (Percopsiformes: Aphredoderidae), From The Caddo River, Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, O. Amin Jan 2008

Acanthocephalan Parasites (Echinorhynchida: Heteracanthocephalidae; Pomphorhynchidae) From The Pirate Perch (Percopsiformes: Aphredoderidae), From The Caddo River, Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, O. Amin

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Ichthyofaunal Assemblages In Three Approximate But Ecologically Diverse Streams In Clark County, Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Scott Jordan, Lesley Self, Henry W. Robison Jan 2006

Ichthyofaunal Assemblages In Three Approximate But Ecologically Diverse Streams In Clark County, Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Scott Jordan, Lesley Self, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Three tributaries to the Ouachita River in eastern Clark County, Arkansas, empty into the river within a collective distance of about 9 km. The streams drain basins derived from the Wilcox formation, partially overlain by terrace and alluvial deposits. Despite their proximity, the streams are very different: L'Eau Frais has a gravel substrate and was recognized by the French as a cool water stream, Tupelo Creek is a bottomland stream from which numerous Water Tupelo (Nyssa aquatica) emerge, and Saline Bayou was named due to its marked salinity. We studied the assemblages of fishes in these 3 very different drainages …

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Geographic Distribution And Harvest Dynamics Of The Eastern Spotted Skunk In Arkansas, D. Blake Sasse, Matthew E. Gompper Jan 2006

Geographic Distribution And Harvest Dynamics Of The Eastern Spotted Skunk In Arkansas, D. Blake Sasse, Matthew E. Gompper

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The eastern spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius) is a small carnivore found across much of the central and southeastern United States, and while once common, this species has become rare in most obits range. We used harvest records collected by the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission from 1941-2004 to examine historic and current distribution and long-term harvest dynamics of this species in Arkansas. Eastern spotted skunks have historically been most common in the Ozarks and the Ouachitas though the species appears to have been present, but uncommon, in the Gulf Coastal Plain and in some counties in southeastern Arkansas near the …

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Complex Stand On The White River National Wildlife Refuge: Implications For Bottomland Hardwood Old Growth, Brian Roy Lockhart, James E. Kellum Jan 2006

Complex Stand On The White River National Wildlife Refuge: Implications For Bottomland Hardwood Old Growth, Brian Roy Lockhart, James E. Kellum

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Fishes Of The Red River In Arkansas, Thomas M. Buchanan, Drew Wilson, L. G. Claybrook, William G. Layher Jan 2003

Fishes Of The Red River In Arkansas, Thomas M. Buchanan, Drew Wilson, L. G. Claybrook, William G. Layher

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Fishes were collected from Red River mainstem habitats in Arkansas with seines, rotenone, hoop nets, gill nets, and trotlines from 1995 through 2001. Seventy-two species were identified distributed among 17 families, and 15 species were new records for the Red River in Arkansas. Eighty-three species are now historically known from the Arkansas segment of the Red River. Approximately 67% of the fishes known from the entire Red River have been found in the Arkansas segment, which is only 11% of the entire river length. Baseline data on the fish fauna of the Red River is critical for the analysis of …

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Subterranean Biodiversity Of Arkansas, Part 1: Bioinventory And Bioassessment Of Caves In The Sylamore Ranger District, Ozark National Forest, Arkansas, G. O. Graening, Michael E. Slay, Karen K. Tinkle Jan 2003

Subterranean Biodiversity Of Arkansas, Part 1: Bioinventory And Bioassessment Of Caves In The Sylamore Ranger District, Ozark National Forest, Arkansas, G. O. Graening, Michael E. Slay, Karen K. Tinkle

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Inventory and assessment of subterranean ecosystems of the Sylamore Ranger District (within Baxter, Marion, Searcy, and Stone counties) Ozark National Forest, was performed 2000 to 2002. The Sylamore District, completely underlaid in karst topography (occurring in Mississippian to Ordovician carbonates), contains approximately 10% of the known caves in Arkansas. Thirty-five sites were inventoried, six of which were sampled for environmental quality. These were combined and analyzed with previous studies, creating a database of 1,238 total species occurrences, 230 species, and 61 total sites. Most common were cave crickets, pipistrelle bats, woodrats, mosquitoes, and spiders. Fourteen species obligate to coves or …

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Acoustic Mapping Of Aquatic Vegetation In Lakes: An Example From Northwest Arkansas, Angela M. Polly, Stephen K. Boss Jan 2003

Acoustic Mapping Of Aquatic Vegetation In Lakes: An Example From Northwest Arkansas, Angela M. Polly, Stephen K. Boss

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Perceived Damage By Elk In The Arkansas Ozarks, Jennifer H. Herner-Thogmartin, Kimberly G. Smith, Michael E. Cartwright Jan 2001

Perceived Damage By Elk In The Arkansas Ozarks, Jennifer H. Herner-Thogmartin, Kimberly G. Smith, Michael E. Cartwright

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Wildlife managers in Arkansas are faced with managing a growing population of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus neloni) that has extended its range to incorporate private lands near the Buffalo National River (BNR) in northcentral Arkansas. This range expansion has created conflicts between private landowners and wildlife management personnel. To document the extent of damage and assess attitudes of landowners with elk on their land, interviews were conducted with landowners who contacted us or the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission about problems with elk. A survey also was created and sent to landowners who live near the BNR in Boone …

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Breeding Season Distribution Of Cerulean Warblers In Arkansas In The 1990s, Douglas A. James, Christopher J. Kellner, Jan Self, Jerry Davis Jan 2001

Breeding Season Distribution Of Cerulean Warblers In Arkansas In The 1990s, Douglas A. James, Christopher J. Kellner, Jan Self, Jerry Davis

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea) has been declining in numbers in its North American nesting range, and the same is true in Arkansas. To provide specific sites that can be monitored in the future, this study describes places where the bird was documented in the state in the 1990s. The warbler was found in mature deciduous forest in both upland and bottomland situations but was most abundant in the upland Ozark forests and uncommon in other regions of the state. Most (70%) of the occupied sites were on federal and state lands. Pattern of overall distribution was essentially the same …

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Mortality Of Adult White-Tailed Deer On Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, Gregory G. Humphreys, Thomas A. Nelson Jan 2000

Mortality Of Adult White-Tailed Deer On Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, Gregory G. Humphreys, Thomas A. Nelson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We conducted a telemetry study on Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, to estimate the extent, timing, and causes of mortality among resident adult white-tailed deer {Odocoileus virginianus). Twenty-seven deer were captured, radio-collared and monitored for 1 yr to assess seasonal mortality. Annual mortality rates differed considerably between sexes, with males exhibiting a much higher rate (86.1%) than females (5.3%). The primary causes of death among males were poaching, predation by coyotes, and legal harvest. Legal harvest by a gun-hunter accounted for the only female mortality. No mortalities were attributed to military exercises, which occurred frequently on the study area. Our results suggest …

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Feeding Relationship Between Two Synoptic, Morphologically Similar Fishes, The Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia Affinis) And The Blackspotted Topminnow (Fundulus Olivaceus), Allyson R. Neely, Edmund J. Pert Jan 2000

Feeding Relationship Between Two Synoptic, Morphologically Similar Fishes, The Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia Affinis) And The Blackspotted Topminnow (Fundulus Olivaceus), Allyson R. Neely, Edmund J. Pert

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We sampled fish during the summer of 1999, in Caney Bayou on the campus of the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Jefferson County, in order to study the feeding relationship between the western mosquitofish (Gambusia ajfinis) and the blackspotted topminnow (Fundulus olivaceus). We identified and enumerated the diet items of 56 blackspotted topminnows and 28 mosquitofish that were captured using electroshocking, seining, and dipnetting. Pooled diet items for each species were analyzed using a variety of approaches: percent of diet composition, frequency of occurrence, Levins' measure of diet breadth, and Morisita's measure of diet overlap. Twenty-one percent of mosquitofish …

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Characteristics Of Some Fruiting Plant Species In Northwest Arkansas, And The Avian Assemblages That Feed On Them, John W. Prather, Kimberly G. Smith, Michael A. Mlodinow, Cecilia M. Riley Jan 2000

Characteristics Of Some Fruiting Plant Species In Northwest Arkansas, And The Avian Assemblages That Feed On Them, John W. Prather, Kimberly G. Smith, Michael A. Mlodinow, Cecilia M. Riley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Fruits continue to be recognized as an important food source for birds in temperate areas, particularly during the fall migration period. More than 20 species of plants producing fleshy fruits are found in the Arkansas Ozarks. However, only a few of these appear to be important resources for birds during the fall migration period (August - October). Among those are sassafras (Sassafras albidum), gray-backed grape (Vitis cinerea), black cherry (Prunus serotina), hercules club (Araliaspinosa) and pokeweed (Phytolacca americana). Over the past 4 years, we have documented the physical and nutritional characteristics of those fruits and taken observational data on the …

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Record Of The Lake Sturgeon, Acipenser Fulvescens Rafinesque, From The Caddo River (Ouachita River Drainage), Arkansas, Betty G. Crump, Henry W. Robison Jan 2000

Record Of The Lake Sturgeon, Acipenser Fulvescens Rafinesque, From The Caddo River (Ouachita River Drainage), Arkansas, Betty G. Crump, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Growth Curves Of Four Species Of Commercially Valuable Freshwater Mussels (Bivalva: Unionidae), Alan D. Christian, Chris L. Davidson, William R. Posey Ii, Peter J. Rust, Jerry L. Farris, John L. Harris, George L. Harp Jan 2000

Growth Curves Of Four Species Of Commercially Valuable Freshwater Mussels (Bivalva: Unionidae), Alan D. Christian, Chris L. Davidson, William R. Posey Ii, Peter J. Rust, Jerry L. Farris, John L. Harris, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

North American freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) have been exploited commercially for over 100 years and have been regulated using shell size limits and/or harvest seasons. Presently, freshwater mussels are considered a threatened faunal group in North America due to the large numbers of endangered, threatened or special concern species. Therefore, management of this fauna should emphasize their long-term sustainability. The objectives of this study were 1) to construct von Bertalanffy growth curves for selected "commercially-most-valuable" species, Fusconaia ebena, Megalonaias nervosa, Amblema plicata and Quadrula quadrula, from five rivers and two reservoirs, 2) to compare species-specific von Bertalanffy growth curves from …

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Curly-Tail Malformity In Hatchlings Of The Alligator Snapping Turtle, Macroclemys Temminckii (Testudines: Chelydridae) In Arkansas, Malcolm L. Mccallum, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2000

Curly-Tail Malformity In Hatchlings Of The Alligator Snapping Turtle, Macroclemys Temminckii (Testudines: Chelydridae) In Arkansas, Malcolm L. Mccallum, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Breeding Mortality In The Wood Frog, Rana Sylvatica (Anura: Ranidae), From Northcentral Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, Malcolm L. Mccallum, Michael E. Cartwright Jan 2000

Breeding Mortality In The Wood Frog, Rana Sylvatica (Anura: Ranidae), From Northcentral Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, Malcolm L. Mccallum, Michael E. Cartwright

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Home Ranges And Movements Of Adult Deer On Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, Gregory G. Humphreys, Thomas A. Nelson Jan 2000

Home Ranges And Movements Of Adult Deer On Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, Gregory G. Humphreys, Thomas A. Nelson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We radio-tracked 27 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) weekly for one year on Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, to investigate their seasonal home ranges and movements between hunted areas and refuges on this military base. This work resulted in2,123 separate radiolocations, of which 85% (1,799) were suitable for use in home range analyses. We used the McPAAL computer package to estimate home range using the Harmonic Mean and minimum convex polygon (MCP) methods. Harmonic mean estimates were based on 95% contour lines. Home range size differed between the sexes and methods. Male home ranges were larger than those of females (t= 3.32, P<0.01; harmonic mean) (t=2.07, P<0.05; MCP). Average home range sizes for males and females based on the harmonic mean method were estimated to be 483 ha and 181 ha, respectively, whereas home range estimates for males and females using the MCP method were 636 ha and 289 ha, respectively. The average home range size for all deer was 259 ha (harmonic mean) and 379 ha (MCP). We found no evidence that females restricted their home ranges during the fawning period. However, females' home ranges expanded during the breeding season, perhaps to find mates. Few deer moved to refuge areas that were off-limits to hunters during the hunting season.

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Winter Breeding As A Common Occurrence In The Ringed Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum (Caudata: Ambystomatidae), In The Ozark National Forest Of Northcentral Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2000

Winter Breeding As A Common Occurrence In The Ringed Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum (Caudata: Ambystomatidae), In The Ozark National Forest Of Northcentral Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Occurrence And Reproduction Of The Alabama Shad, Alosa Alabamae Jordan And Evermann, In The Ouachita River System Of Arkansas, Thomas M. Buchanan, Josh Nichols, Don Turman, Colton Dennis, Stuart Woolridge, Brett Hobbs Jan 1999

Occurrence And Reproduction Of The Alabama Shad, Alosa Alabamae Jordan And Evermann, In The Ouachita River System Of Arkansas, Thomas M. Buchanan, Josh Nichols, Don Turman, Colton Dennis, Stuart Woolridge, Brett Hobbs

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The anadromous Alabama shad, Alosa alabamae, has drastically declined in abundance in recent decades throughout its historic range and has previously been reported in Arkansas from only five localities. Three of those locality records are pre- 1900. Sampling by seine in the Ouachita River drainage system of southern Arkansas in July and August of 1997 and 1998 produced more than 300 juvenile A. alabamae from two localities on the Little Missouri River and four localities on the Ouachita River. One record of an adult Alabama shad, taken on 4 April1997 by an angler below Remmel Dam on the Ouachita River, …

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Status Of Three Plethodontid Salamanders (Genus Plethodon) From The Ouachita National Forest Of Southwest Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, J. D. Wilhide Jan 1999

Status Of Three Plethodontid Salamanders (Genus Plethodon) From The Ouachita National Forest Of Southwest Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, J. D. Wilhide

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A three-year field investigation was initiated in 1996 to update previous information on the local abundance and distribution of three salamanders of the genus Plethodon (P. caddoensis, P.fourchensis, and P. ouachitae); these salamanders are found within a five-county area of the Ouachita National Forest in southwestern Arkansas. Plethodon fourchensis was most numerous at three sites in Polk County; a total of 18 specimens was found. Searching for Plethodon fourchensis was successful following moderate-to-heavy precipitation but only in selected habitats on Fourche and Irons Forks mountains. The preferred habitats of P. caddoensis were talus-covered slopes and wet ravines consisting of mostly …

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Survey Of Medium And Large Mammals In An Urban Park (Murray Park), Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas, Josie H. Dickins, David W. Clark, Steffany C. White, Gary A. Heidt Jan 1999

Survey Of Medium And Large Mammals In An Urban Park (Murray Park), Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas, Josie H. Dickins, David W. Clark, Steffany C. White, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Because of increased environmental awareness by city planning commissions, there are more urban parks and greenbelt areas. These areas often result in increased human and wildlife contacts, thus resulting in the need for management plans regarding urban wildlife. From September 1998 to March 1999, we conducted mammal surveys of the urban greenspace Murray Park, Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas. Surveys were conducted using five methods: direct observations; spot lighting; live trapping; animal sign; and scent posts. Species recorded included, opossum (Didelphis virginiana), nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), fox squirrel (Sciurus niger), gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), beaver (Castor canadensis), woodchuck (Marmota monax), …

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Effects Of Predation On Two Species Of Stream-Dwelling Crayfish (Orconectes Marchandi And Cambarus Hubbsi) In Pool And Riffle Microhabitats, Heidi Dukat, Daniel D. Magoulick Jan 1999

Effects Of Predation On Two Species Of Stream-Dwelling Crayfish (Orconectes Marchandi And Cambarus Hubbsi) In Pool And Riffle Microhabitats, Heidi Dukat, Daniel D. Magoulick

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Community structure may be governed by many abiotic and biotic factors. Of the biotic factors, predation is often considered to be critical in structuring freshwater stream communities. In the Warm Fork of the Spring River, the crayfish Cambarus hubbsi is found mainly in riffles, whereas the crayfish Orconectes marchandi is found in high numbers in pools. We hypothesized that predation, mainly by fish, is a factor causing this segregation. Higher predation rates for C. hubbsi than 0. marchandi in the pools and higher predation rates for 0. marchandi than C. hubbsi in the riffles were expected. A transplant tethering experiment …

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Post-Metomorphic Growth And Reproduction In The Eastern Narrowmouth Toad (Gastrophryne Carolinensis) From Northeastern Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, Walter E. Meshaka Jr., Robert L. Cox Jr. Jan 1999

Post-Metomorphic Growth And Reproduction In The Eastern Narrowmouth Toad (Gastrophryne Carolinensis) From Northeastern Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, Walter E. Meshaka Jr., Robert L. Cox Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Post-metamorphic growth and the reproductive cycle of the eastern narrowmouth toad (Gastrophryne carolinensis) were studied from 204 individuals collected during the April August 1989 activity season in a two-county area of northeastern Arkansas near the northwestern edge of the species' geographic range. Late summer metamorphs require a full growing season before they can reproduce as they approach their second year of life. The oldest individuals may be at least five years old. By late April, gonadal cycles of adults had commenced; the males were producing sperm, and some of the females were gravid. Fertility of both sexes increased during the …

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First Report Of Lamptera Appendix (Dekay) From The Black River Drainage Of Arkansas, Daniel D. Ward, Denver Dunn, Hilary J. Worley, Martin Ruane, Vernon E. Hoffman, Grace Troutman, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 1999

First Report Of Lamptera Appendix (Dekay) From The Black River Drainage Of Arkansas, Daniel D. Ward, Denver Dunn, Hilary J. Worley, Martin Ruane, Vernon E. Hoffman, Grace Troutman, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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