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Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Articles 181 - 210 of 333

Full-Text Articles in Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Of Three Acid Bogs On Crowley's Ridge In Northeast Arkansas, Jerry L. Farris, George L. Harp Jan 1982

Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Of Three Acid Bogs On Crowley's Ridge In Northeast Arkansas, Jerry L. Farris, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Qualities and quantities of parameters composing the bog systems in Northeast Arkansas are not entirely reflective of those defining bogs of the northern United States. While pH is restricting to the organisms of each bog studied (4.8-6.9), the major limiting factor is the amount of available water. Three acidophilic bogs with shallow water depths (2-30 cm) yielded a total of 75 aquatic macroinvertebrate taxa. The bog with greatest surface area supported 67 taxa and a mean numerical standing crop of 14 organisms/2 hr sampling period. The bog with the smallest surface area had 13 taxa and a mean standing crop …

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Soil Traversing Arthropod Populations As Sampled By Pitfall Traps In Sunflower And Three Adjacent Habitats In Northeast Arkansas, Linda A. Lee, Harvey E. Barton Jan 1982

Soil Traversing Arthropod Populations As Sampled By Pitfall Traps In Sunflower And Three Adjacent Habitats In Northeast Arkansas, Linda A. Lee, Harvey E. Barton

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Soil traversing arthropod populations were sampled by pitfall traps in sunflower (Helianthus spp.) and three adjacent habitats during the months of July, August and September of 1980 and May, June, July and August of 1981. In1980, four varieties of sunflower (Ellar, Hybrid 670, 891 and S-345) were planted. A single variety of sunflower (Ellar) was planted in1981. The three adjacent habitats in both 1980 and 1981 were a pine stand, grass border and fence row. Of 1,748 specimens collected in 1980, 17 orders and 48 families were represented. Four orders comprised 78% of the total catch: Hymenoptera (45%), Acari (17%), …

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Effects Of Water Released From Stratified And Unstratified Reservoirs On The Downstream Water Quality, Stephen B. Smith Jan 1982

Effects Of Water Released From Stratified And Unstratified Reservoirs On The Downstream Water Quality, Stephen B. Smith

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Water quality samples were collected from the Little River system in Pine Creek Lake, Oklahoma, and Gillham Lake, Arkansas, and their associated tailwaters during the winter (reservoirs unstratified) and summer (reservoirs stratified) of 1980. Downstream water quality was not affected by reservoir water releases while the reservoirs were unstratified. When the reservoirs were stratified water quality in the tailwaters was dependent on the release depth of the water. The practice of flushing out a tailwater following an extended low flow period should be examined on a site by site basis. Anoxic water released from a reservoir may contain high amounts …

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Selection Of Breeding Ponds By The Ringed Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Peter P. Brussock, Arthur V. Brown Jan 1982

Selection Of Breeding Ponds By The Ringed Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Peter P. Brussock, Arthur V. Brown

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Further Records, James D. Dunivan, C. Renn Tumlison, V. Rick Mcdaniel Jan 1982

Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Further Records, James D. Dunivan, C. Renn Tumlison, V. Rick Mcdaniel

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Taxa Present In Two Ozark Springs In Randolph County, Arkansas, G. Randall Guntharp, George L. Harp Jan 1982

Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Taxa Present In Two Ozark Springs In Randolph County, Arkansas, G. Randall Guntharp, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Invertebrate Fauna Of Devils Den, A Sandstone Cave In Northwestern Arkansas, Stewart B. Peck, James H. Peck Jan 1982

Invertebrate Fauna Of Devils Den, A Sandstone Cave In Northwestern Arkansas, Stewart B. Peck, James H. Peck

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The same invertebrate fauna of 17 species was found in Devils Den Cave, Washington County, Arkansas, in 1969 and 1979. The fauna consists of 1 trogloxene, 14 troglophiles, and 2 troglobites, a spider, Porrhomma cavernicolum, and a collembolan, Pseudosinella dubia. Devils Den Cave has a well developed cavernicolous fauna, although it is in sandstone which generally supports a poor cave adapted fauna. The troglobites probably evolved in the vicinity of northwestern Arkansas in limestone caves or in deep forest soils of the Ozark region. They then dispersed overland, perhaps as recently as the late Wisconsinan, to occupy this sandstone cave.

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Warmwater Fish Community Of A Cool Tailwater In Arkansas, Richard A. Frietsche Jan 1982

Warmwater Fish Community Of A Cool Tailwater In Arkansas, Richard A. Frietsche

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A diverse warmwater fish community has persisted in the Lake Greeson tailwater, despite hydropower releases of cold hypolimnetic water. Forty-eight species of fish were collected by electrofishing in the upper 16.1 km of the tailwater. Hydropower releases have reduced the abundance of some of the warmwater sport fish in the upper tailwater, and their populations are probably maintained in part by recruitment from downstream. Angling effort has been diverted from the warmwater sport fish populations to a put-and-take trout fishery.

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Endemic Flora And Fauna Of Arkansas, Henry W. Robison, Kenneth L. Smith Jan 1982

Endemic Flora And Fauna Of Arkansas, Henry W. Robison, Kenneth L. Smith

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Arkansas has an amazing diversity of plants and animals contained within its political boundaries. Forty-seven taxa are reported as Arkansas endemics, including seven plants, thirteen crustaceans (two amphipods, three isopods, eight crayfishes), nine insects (one mayfly, one caddisfly, three stoneflies, four beetles), ten snails, six fishes, and two salamanders.

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Water Quality And Benthic Invertebrate Communities In Lake Greeson Tailwater, Stephen B. Smith Jan 1982

Water Quality And Benthic Invertebrate Communities In Lake Greeson Tailwater, Stephen B. Smith

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Little Missouri River below Lake Greeson, Arkansas, was sampled for water quality and benthos during summer 1979. The hydropower turbine water intakes, 20 m below the lake surface, released hypolimnetic water into the tailwater. Downstream water temperatures, total organic matter, and total inorganic matter varied considerably and benthic invertebrate communities immediately below the dam were stressed by waters released for power generation. Detrimental effects from altered temperature and flow regimes had decreased by 16.1 km downstream, where invertebrate communities were typical of less stressed environments.

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River Otter In Arkansas: Ii. Indications Of A Beaver-Facilitated Commensal Relationship, C. Renn Tumlison, Mark R. Karnes, Anthony W. King Jan 1982

River Otter In Arkansas: Ii. Indications Of A Beaver-Facilitated Commensal Relationship, C. Renn Tumlison, Mark R. Karnes, Anthony W. King

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Dam building activities of beaver (Castor canadensis) create ponds that apparently augment habitat available to otter (Lutra canadensis). This paper considers possible effects of beaver activity and pond formation on distribution and populations of otter in Arkansas. Literature synthesis and analysis of harvest records were used to investigate the suspected relationship.

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Pentatomidae Of Arkansas, Harvey E. Barton, Linda A. Lee Jan 1981

Pentatomidae Of Arkansas, Harvey E. Barton, Linda A. Lee

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A total of 30 genera and 53 species and subspecies of Pentatomidae are reported as occurring or possibly occurring in Arkansas. Fifty species and subspecies contained in 29 genera were collected or recorded from previously collected material. Based on distributional records in the literature, three additional species and one genus are listed as probably occurring in Arkansas. County and seasonal records are reported for each taxon.

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Flying Insect Populations As Sampled By Malaise Trap On Crowley's Ridge In Northeast Arkansas, Lynita M. Cooksey, Harvey E. Barton Jan 1981

Flying Insect Populations As Sampled By Malaise Trap On Crowley's Ridge In Northeast Arkansas, Lynita M. Cooksey, Harvey E. Barton

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Malaise trap collections from woodlot and open field sampling sites on Crowley's Ridge yielded 10,830 individuals during the months of May, July and September, 1980. Greatest numbers of insects were collected in May, with fewest in September. Four orders comprised 97% of the total catch: Diptera (57%), Lepidoptera (17%), Hymenoptera (15%) and Homoptera (8%). Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Neuroptera, Odonata and Orthoptera comprised the remaining 3%. Ordinal composition and seasonal occurrence patterns are discussed and compared for the two sampling sites.

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Occurrence Of The Land Planarians Bipalium Kewense And Geoplana Sp. In Arkansas, James J. Daly, Julian T. Darlington Jan 1981

Occurrence Of The Land Planarians Bipalium Kewense And Geoplana Sp. In Arkansas, James J. Daly, Julian T. Darlington

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Microhabitat Distribution And Its Effect Of Prey Utilization In Sympatric Populations Of Plethodon Glutinosus And Plethodon Dorsalis In Northwestern Arkansas, James M. Britton Jan 1981

Microhabitat Distribution And Its Effect Of Prey Utilization In Sympatric Populations Of Plethodon Glutinosus And Plethodon Dorsalis In Northwestern Arkansas, James M. Britton

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A study was done on sympatric populations of Plethodon glutinosus and P. dorsalis in northwestern Arkansas to determine the relative distribution of the two species and the relationship between their distribution and the utilization of available prey. Upon capture, total length, location, and habitat type were recorded for each salamander. Stomach content samples were obtained by forced regurgitation, and the animals were released. Samples of the local litter fauna were taken to determine prey availability. Habitat data were obtained for 171 salamanders; 76 P. glutinosus and 95 P. dorsalis. Stomach content samples were taken from 67 salamanders; 32 P. glutinosus …

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Seasonal Abundance, Movement And Diversity Of Fishes In An Ozark Stream, Michael R. Dewey Jan 1981

Seasonal Abundance, Movement And Diversity Of Fishes In An Ozark Stream, Michael R. Dewey

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Seasonal fluctuations in fish abundance in Mud Creek occurred throughout the year at all sampling stations. At the two upper stations abundance was high and unstable during winter and early spring and decreased after heavy rainfall in mid-April. Abundance was low throughout the summer months, increasing in the fall due to large numbers of young-of-the-year. However, a different seasonal cycle occurred at the lower station which included deeper pools. Numbers were low and stable throughout the winter and early spring but high and unstable during the summer. Bigeye shiners (Notropis boops) and bluntnose minnows (Pimephales notatus) were the most mobile …

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Preliminary Report On The Fishes Of The Upper Saline River, Polk And Howard Counties, Arkansas, And Observations On Their Relationships With Land Use And Physiochemical Conditions, Stephen A. Sewell Jan 1981

Preliminary Report On The Fishes Of The Upper Saline River, Polk And Howard Counties, Arkansas, And Observations On Their Relationships With Land Use And Physiochemical Conditions, Stephen A. Sewell

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Saline River of southwest Arkansas was impounded by Dierks Lake in 1975. Intensive collecting efforts were made in the river system above Dierks Lake during March, April, and May 1980. Collected specimens were compared with ichthyofaunal lists prior to impoundment. Historic occurrants which were not collected include Notropis amnis, Notropis ortenburgeri, Moxostoma duquesnei, Ammocrypta vivax, and Percina copelandi. Additions to the ichthyofaunal list for the drainage include Fundulus notatus, Etheostoma spectabile, and Percina caprodes. The evidence indicates that 33 species representing six families inhabit the system from the headwaters in Polk County, Arkansas, to Dierks Lake, Howard County, Arkansas. …

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Crowley's Ridge Biological Station--An Educational Center, Jewel E. Moore, Inez Hartsoe Jan 1981

Crowley's Ridge Biological Station--An Educational Center, Jewel E. Moore, Inez Hartsoe

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Recent Mollusca Of Arkansas With Annotations To Systematics And Zoogeography, Mark E. Gordon Jan 1980

Recent Mollusca Of Arkansas With Annotations To Systematics And Zoogeography, Mark E. Gordon

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A total of 223 taxa of Mollusca are presently known from Arkansas. The geological history and geomorphology of the region, particularly the presence of the Interior Highlands, have been responsible for the development of a diverse molluscan fauna. Thirty regionally endemic forms are included among the 107 terrestrial gastropods, 36 aquatic gastropods, 65 unionacean mussels, and 15 sphaeriacean clams.

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Continuation Of Spider Research In Arkansas: Gulf Coastal Plains, Peggy Rae Dorris Jan 1980

Continuation Of Spider Research In Arkansas: Gulf Coastal Plains, Peggy Rae Dorris

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Observations On The Incidence Of Chiggers, Eutrombicula Alfreddugesi (Oudemans) On Crotaphytus (Sauria: Iguanidae) In Izard County, Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister Jan 1980

Observations On The Incidence Of Chiggers, Eutrombicula Alfreddugesi (Oudemans) On Crotaphytus (Sauria: Iguanidae) In Izard County, Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Implications And Considerations Concerning The Status, Habitat And Distribution Of The Least Brook Lamprey, Lampetra Aepyptera (Abbott) (Pisces: Petromyzontidae) In Arkansas, Stephen A. Sewell, F. Allen Carter, Chris T. Mcallister Jan 1980

Implications And Considerations Concerning The Status, Habitat And Distribution Of The Least Brook Lamprey, Lampetra Aepyptera (Abbott) (Pisces: Petromyzontidae) In Arkansas, Stephen A. Sewell, F. Allen Carter, Chris T. Mcallister

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Water Striders (Hemiptera: Gerridae) Of Arkansas, Paul D. Kittle Jan 1980

Water Striders (Hemiptera: Gerridae) Of Arkansas, Paul D. Kittle

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The taxonomy, distribution, and ecology of the water striders of Arkansas are discussed based on personal collections, museum specimens, and literature records. A total of 15 species representing six genera is presently known from the state. One additional species is included as probably occurring in Arkansas.

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Use Of An Outdoor Lab In Teaching Botany, Jewel E. Moore Jan 1980

Use Of An Outdoor Lab In Teaching Botany, Jewel E. Moore

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Investigation Of The Streambed Oxygen Demand Of Fourche Creek, Pulaski County, Arkansas, John D. Rickett, Patrick Edelmann Jan 1980

Investigation Of The Streambed Oxygen Demand Of Fourche Creek, Pulaski County, Arkansas, John D. Rickett, Patrick Edelmann

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Food Of Bluegill And Longear Sunfish In Degray Reservoir, Arkansas, 1976, Horace E. Bryant, Thomas E. Moen Jan 1980

Food Of Bluegill And Longear Sunfish In Degray Reservoir, Arkansas, 1976, Horace E. Bryant, Thomas E. Moen

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Stomach contents were examined from 544 bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and 709 longear sunfish (L. megalotis) collected from nearshore areas of DeGray Reservoir April-November 1976. Major foods of bluegill (percentage of total weight of food in parentheses) were insects (33), bryozoa (7.3), planktonic crustaceans (6.5), and plant materials (15.4). The major food items contributing to the diet of longear sunfish were insects (52.6%), crayfish (12.5%), fish (7.4%), and plant material (6.7%). Although bluegill and longear sunfish are closely related species, their diets were not as similar as expected: bluegill consumed zooplankton, adult dipterans, and adult ephemeropterans associated with limnetic areas; while …

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Food Of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) In Degray Reservoir, Arkansas, 1976, Horace E. Bryant, Thomas E. Moen Jan 1980

Food Of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) In Degray Reservoir, Arkansas, 1976, Horace E. Bryant, Thomas E. Moen

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Stomach contents were examined from 748 largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (<125 mm total length), collected from DeGray Reservoir during April-November 1976. Fish constituted 59% by weight of the total diet and occurred in 81% of the stomachs; crayfish made up nearly 38% of the weight and occurred in 24% of the stomachs. Sunfish, the principal fish food (about 28% by weight), were observed in 36% of the stomachs. Shad were the second most important prey (23% by weight and 29% frequency in occurrence). Crayfish constituted about 42% of the total weight of the food of bass 200 mm long or longer, but only 12% in bass less than 200 mm. Crayfish consumption was greatest during the fall.

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Inventory Of The Decapod Crustaceans (Crayfishes And Shrimps) Of Arkansas With A Discussion Of Their Habitats, Raymond W. Bouchard, Henry W. Robison Jan 1980

Inventory Of The Decapod Crustaceans (Crayfishes And Shrimps) Of Arkansas With A Discussion Of Their Habitats, Raymond W. Bouchard, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The freshwater decapod crustaceans of Arkansas presently consist of two species of shrimps and 51 taxa of crayfishes divided into 47 species and four subspecies. The shrimps are represented by Macrobranchium ohione and Palaemonetes kadiakensis. The crayfish fauna is the largest of any state west of the Mississippi River reflecting the variety of habitats within Arkansas as a result of the geologic diversity in the state. The Ozark Plateaus and Ouachita provinces are dominated by the genus Orconectes, while in the Gulf Coastal Plain Procambarus is the most conspicuous group. Other crayfish stocks present include Cambarus, found predominantly in the …

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Fishes Of Rock Creek, Sharp County, Arkansas, F. Allen Carter, John K. Beadles Jan 1980

Fishes Of Rock Creek, Sharp County, Arkansas, F. Allen Carter, John K. Beadles

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A survey of the fishes of Rock Creek in north central Arkansas was made on 9-10 November, 1978, and 15-16 March, 1979. Field collections were made using a minnow seine and backpack shocker. The creek system was inhabited by 28 species of fish representing eight families. Fish collections were typical of a small Ozark stream. The most abundant species were: Campostoma oligolepis Hubbs and Greene, largescale stoneroller; Notropis telescopus (Cope), telescope shiner; Notropis zonatus (Putnam), bleeding shiner; Moxostoma duquesnei (Lesueur), black redhorse; Etheostoma blennioides Rafinesque, greenside darter; Etheostoma caeruleum Storer, rainbow darter; Etheostoma euzonum (Hubbs and Black), Arkansas saddled darter; …

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Estimated Growth And Standing Crop Of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) From Lake Elmdale, Alex Zdinak Jr., Raj V. Kilambi, Marvin L. Galloway, John E. Mcclanahan, Clark Duffe Jan 1980

Estimated Growth And Standing Crop Of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) From Lake Elmdale, Alex Zdinak Jr., Raj V. Kilambi, Marvin L. Galloway, John E. Mcclanahan, Clark Duffe

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Electro-fishing gear was used to make shoreline population estimates of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoldes) in Lake Elmdale, Washington County, Arkansas, during September 1979. The population density was estimated to be 1541 bass/Km² with a standing crop of 30.4 kg/ha. The length-weight relationship was calculated as W = 0.00001 504L^2.97, and the total length-scale radius relationship as L = 41.75 + 1.23 St. The average condition coefficient(K) was 1.31. In comparison with four other Arkansas lakes the population density of largemouth bass was highest in Lake Elmdale while the growth rate was lowest.

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