Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons^™

Effects Of An Early Spring Burn On Greater Sandhill Crane Nesting Success At Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Oregon, Carroll D. Littlefield, John E. Cornely, Bradley D. Ehlers

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

A 2430 ha prescribed burn was conducted on Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Harney County, Oregon in March 1985. About 35 days later, 11 greater sandhill crane (Grus canadensis tabida) pairs nested within the burned area; 9 of these hatched. The remaining 2 clutches were destroyed by coyotes (Canis latrans). Crane hatching success was significantly higher (P = 0.01) on the burned area (81.8%) than elsewhere (38.5%). Two factors were likely responsible for the higher success rate in the burn; nests were placed in deeper water and the smaI1 mammal prey base was temporarily reduced or eliminated …

Evaluation Of The Major Histocompatibility Complex (Mhc) In Cranes: Applications To Conservation Efforts, Susan I. Jarvi, Marcia M. Miller, Ronald M. Gotol, George F. Gee, W. Elwood Briles

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Although there have been heated discussions concerning the relative importance of using Mhc diversity as a basis for selecting breeders in conservation projects, most parties agree that the genetic variability residual in an endangered species should be maintained through genetic management, if at all possible. Substantial evidence exists (particularly in birds) documenting the influences of specific Mhc haplotypes on disease outcome and also that those individuals which are heterozygous for Mhc alleles appear to have an advantage for survival over those that are homozygous. Thus, conservation of genetic variability of the Mhc is likely important for the preservation of fitness, …

Distribution, Abundance, And Reproduction Of The Cuban Sandhill Crane (Grus Canadensis Nesiotes), Xiomara Galvez Aguilera, Vicente Berovides Alvarez, Jose Rivera Rosales

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

We discuss the distribution, abundance, and reproduction of the Cuban sandhill crane (Grus canadensis nesiotes). This is an overview of a 5-year study conducted by the National Organization for the Protection of Flora and Fauna of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Republic of Cuba and assisted by the International Crane Foundation and Brehm Fund. The distribution of this subspecies was determined by visiting potential sites and areas where this race has previously been reported. Nine new populations were found. This brings the total to 11 on the Isle of Cuba, 1 on Cayo Romano, and 2 on …

Interactions Of Sandhill Cranes And Whooping Cranes With Foreign Objects In Florida, Martin J. Folk, Stephen A. Nesbitt, Marilyn G. Spalding

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

During studies of Florida sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis pralensis), greater sandhill cranes (G. c. tabida), and whooping cranes (G. americana) in Florida, we documented cases where these birds were in contact with human-produced objects that resulted in injury or death. We describe >40 instances in which cranes collided with powerlines or fences, became entangled in string or fishing line, or ingested foreign objects. The effect of human-produced objects on crane populations, particularly small populations, may be significant.

Aquatic Plants Of Nebraska, Michael P. Gutzmer, Robert B. Kaul

University of Nebraska State Museum: Programs Information

More than 100 species of aquatic plants grow in Nebraska. Some are entirely submersed for their whole lives, others produce floating leaves and flowers, and still others stand upright, with only their lower stems in water. Examples of these are shown here in this publication.

Vigorous and diverse colonies of aquatic plants are usually a sign of healthy and stable aquatic environments. In fact, the plants themselves stabilize the shorelines, underwater soils, and water chemistry. Waters rich with aquatic plants are rich with aquatic animals and waterfowl, which find cover, breeding habitat, and abundant food. Non-alkaline waters have more aquatic …

New Host And Geographic Records For Two Protostrongylids In Dall's Sheep, Susan J. Kutz, A. M. Veitch, Eric P. Hoberg, B. T. Elkin, Emily J. Jenkins, L. Polley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Biodiversity survey and inventory have resulted in new information on the distribution of Protostrongylidae in Dall’s sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) from the Northwest Territories (Northwest Territories, Canada) and from Alaska (Alaska, USA). In 1998, Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei adults were found for the first time in the skeletal muscles of Dall’s sheep in the Mackenzie Mountains (Northwest Territories). Adult P. odocoilei were associated with petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages and localized myositis; eggs and larvae in the lungs were associated with diffuse granulomatous pneumonia. Experimental infections of the slugs Deroceras laeve and Deroceras reticulatum with dorsal-spined first-stage larvae assumed to be …

Nine New Species Of Lacinipolia (Noctuidae) From Arizona, California And Vicinity, Charles L. Selman, Ron Leuschner

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

This article formalizes the taxonomic conclusions of the senior author’s 1975 successful doctorate dissertation. The nine new species defined in that 1975 dissertation are here formally described in compliance with the rules of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). The authors have essentially abstracted the original 447 page dissertation and designated types. The new Lacinipolia species are: delongi, aileenae, triplehorni, bucketti, baueri, sharonae, martini, fordi, and franclemonti. The purpose of this paper is simply to make these names available to the scientific community and professional researchers by making them ICZN-compliant.

Records For The Utilization Of Prunus As A Larval Foodplant By 71 Species Of Lepidoptera In Northeast California, Laurence L. Crabtree, Ron Leuschner

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Twenty-six sites in five northeastern California counties (Shasta, Modoc, Plumas, Lassen, Tehama) were surveyed from 1991 to 1999 for the presence of lepidopteran larvae on naturally occurring shrubs of the genus Prunus. To date, a total of seventy-one species of Lepidoptera from seventeen families have been documented to utilize one or more of the area’s three Prunus species (P. emarginata, P. subcordata, and P. virginiana var. demissa).

A Taxonomic Study Of, And Key To, The Lecithoceridae (Lepidoptera) From Guizhou, China, Chunsheng Wu

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

This paper provides a key to twelve species (in ten genera and three subfamilies) of Lecithoceridae from Guizhou Province, China. Among them, three species are unnamed and eight are new Guizhou Province records. The female of Opacoptera ecblasta Wu is known for the first time and its genitalia are illustrated for the first time.

The Biology, Life History, And Taxonomy Of Celastrina Neglectamajor (Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae)., Harry Pavulaan, David M. Wright

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

The biology and life history of Celastrina neglectamajor is described. This lycaenid butterfly was first described from West Virginia, United States by 19th century lepidopterist, William H. Edwards, as a redescription of Lycaena pseudargiolus (Boisduval & Le Conte). Edwards provided evidence of its unique late spring flight, Appalachian affinity, and larval host Cimicifuga racemosa (Ranunculaceae). Edwards and subsequent authors, most notably Samuel Scudder of New England, treated it as an infrasubspecific form of the common eastern Celastrina ladon. In 1908 Tutt applied the form name neglectamajor, describing it from one of Edwards’ 1884 figures. For nearly a century, …

The International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter, November 2000, International Lepidoptera Survey, Ron Gatrelle

International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter

Contents

Chlosyne ismeria ismeria by Ron Gatrelle (page 1)

Announcement: TC-ISBN Taxonomically Correct - Index of Scientific Butterfly Names

The Taxonomic Report update

Donations urgently needed for the International Lepidoptera Survey

2001 subscription rate lowered For TTR volume 3

A New North American Swallowtail Butterfly: Description Of A Relict Subspecies Of Pterourus Troilus (Papilionidae) From The Southern Tip Of Florida, Ronald R. Gatrelle

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

A neotype is designated for Papilio troilus Linnaeus, 1758 from Middleton Place Plantation, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States. A neotype is designated for Papilio ilioneus J.E. Smith, 1797 from Burke County, Georgia. Abbot’s ilioneus figures in Smith are the first published representations of nominotypical Pterourus troilus troilus. Papilio troilus variation texanus Ehrmann, 1900 was described from Houston, Texas. The texanus type is in the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The name texanus was restricted (by original description) to a gray male form and is not subspecifically available under International Code for Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) article 45.5 or …

The International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter, August 2000, International Lepidoptera Survey, Ron Gatrelle

International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter

Contents

Brephidium isophthalma insularus

Lepidopterists’ Society Annual Meeting

Phenosyncronic subspeciation

Announcement: Be watching for The International Lepidoptera Survey interactive web site

A Day of Collecting in Burke County Georgia by Ron Gatrelle (pages 3-5)

A New Species Of Angulopis (Lycaenidae, Eumaeini) From Relict Coastal Forest In East-Central Argentina, Gustavo Canals, Kurt Johnson

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Angulopis puntalaraensis is described from a single female specimen collected between 1950 and 1955 in the National Reserve Punta Lara, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. This site is a relict of coastal gallery forest. No other specimens are known.

Description Of A New Subspecies Of Poanes Aaroni (Hesperioidae: Hesperiinae) From The West Central Gulf Coast Of The Southern United States, Ronald R. Gatrelle

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Poanes aaroni bordeloni is described from Jefferson County, Texas, United States. This taxon is part of a lepidopteran community endemic to the west central area of the United States Gulf Coast between Mobile Bay, Alabama and Galveston Bay, Texas. As such, bordeloni is defined taxonomically by its evolutionary development as much as by its facies. Bordeloni is the largest aaroni subspecies. Bordeloni males are marked much like those of P. a. howardi both dorsally and ventrally. Bordeloni females usually have the fulvous spotting on the dorsal forewings reduced as in P. a. minimus females while …

Flea News 60 (July 2000), Robert E. Lewis

Flea News

Announcement: Printed copies of Flea News discontinuing

Obituary: Franciscus Gerardus Albertus Maria Smit (June 7, 1920-January 28, 2000)

Book review: Sifonapteros do Brasil, Pedro Marcois Linardi and Lindolpho Rocha Guimaraes. Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia USP/FAPESP, 2000.

Flea species

Literature

Miscellanea: As of January 2000 the name of the Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington was changed to Comparative Parasitology.

The International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter, March 2000, International Lepidoptera Survey

International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter

Contents

Phyciodes batesii maconensis survey

Phyciodes batesii maconensis survey

Anthocharis midea

Scudder’s quaiapen

Mississippi Deciduphagus henrici

The Taxonomic Report publication update, review policy, and ICZN position

Leadership In Wolf, Canis Lupus, Packs, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

I examine leadership in Wolf (Callis lupus) packs based on published observations and data gathered during summers from 1986 to 1998 studying a free-ranging pack of Wolves on Ellesmere Island that were habituated to my presence. The breeding male tended to initiate activities associated with foraging and travel, and the breeding female to initiate, and predominate in, pup care and protection. However, there was considerable overlap and interaction during these activities such that leadership could be considered a joint function. In packs with multiple breeders, quantitative information about leadership is needed.

Do Wolves Affect White-Tailed Buck Harvest In Northeastern Minnesota?, L. David Mech, Michael E. Nelson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

We used simple linear regression to analyze 8-23 years of data on a wolf (Canis lupus) population and human harvest of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) bucks in northeastern Minnesota to determine any effects of wolves on buck harvesting. Over the long term, wolves accounted for at least 14-22% inter-year variation in buck harvest in the region, but an unknown amount of variation in hunter effort have obscured any more precise estimate. For part of the area with poorest habitat, we found strong relationships (r² = 0.66-0.84) between annual wolf numbers and buck harvests from 1988 …

Assessing Factors That May Predispose Minnesota Farms To Wolf Depredations On Cattle, L. David Mech, Elizabeth K. Harper, Thomas J. Meier, William J. Paul

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Wolf (Canis lupus) depredations on livestock cause considerable conflict and expense in Minnesota. Furthermore, claims are made that such depredations are fostered by the type of animal husbandry practiced. Thus, we tried to detect factors that might predispose farms in Minnesota to wolf depredations. We compared results of interviews with 41 cattle farmers experiencing chronic cattle losses to wolves (chronic farms) with results from 41 nearby "matched" farms with no wolf losses to determine farm characteristics or husbandry practices that differed and that therefore might have affected wolf depredations. We also used a Geographic Information System (GIS) to …

A New Elfin Butterfly (Lycaenidae: Eumaeini) From Northern China With Comments On The Nomenclature Of Palaearctic Elfins, Kurt Johnson

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Ahlbergia hsui, new species, is described from two specimens recently collected in China’s Nan Shan area of endemism located along the boundary of northern China with Mongolia. In discussing the new species, the historical literature concerning Palaearctic elfin butterflies is reviewed and compared to nomenclatorial usages in D’Abrera’s widely disseminated 1993 treatment of Palaearctic butterflies; 25 errors or omissions in the latter treatment are corrected.

Characterization And Improvement Of Eos Land Products Using Measurements At Ameriflux Grassland And Wheat Sites In The Arm/Cart Region: Research Annual Performance Report For Period March 1, 2000- February 28, 2001, E. A. Walter-Shea, S. B. Verma

School of Natural Resources: Documents and Reviews

No abstract provided.

Proximity Of White-Tailed Deer, Odocoileus Virginianus, Ranges To Wolf, Canis Lupus, Pack Homesites, Michael E. Nelson, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Seven adult female White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in northeastern Minnesota lived within 1.8 km of Wolf pack (Canis lupus) homesites without vacating their home ranges. Six of these deer and at least three of their fawns survived through the Wolf homesite period.

Salinity And Shade Preferences Result In Ovipositional Differences Between Sympatric Tiger Beetle Species, W. Wyatt Hoback, Douglas A. Golick, Tina Marie Svatos, Stephen M. Spomer, Leon G. Higley

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

1. Adult tiger beetles of the genus Cicindela often co-occur within a habitat but larvae do not. Larvae are sedentary and form usually permanent burrows at the site of oviposition where they require 1-3 years for development.

2. To test niche partitioning based on ovipositional preference, the behavior of two sympatric salt marsh tiger beetles, Cicindela circumpicta and C. togata (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae), were examined.

3. In laboratory studies, female C. circumpicta and C. togata distinguished between experimental salinities, with the former preferring 4 parts per thousand (ppt) and the latter preferring 12 ppt. In the field, C. circumpicta larvae were …

A Record Large Wolf, Canis Lupus, Pack In Minnesota, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

This report documents a pack of 22-23 Wolves (Canis lupus) in central Minnesota. This is larger than the largest pack previously observed on the mainland in the midwestern U.s. during 650 wolf pack-years. Because this record-large pack preyed on White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus), one of the Wolfs smaller prey, it is evidence that pack size and prey size are not tightly related. It also indicates the size that Wolf packs can attain in the area if fully protected from human persecution.

Lack Of Reproduction In Muskoxen And Arctic Hares Caused By Early Winter?, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

A lack of young muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) and arctic hares (Lepus arcticus) in the Eureka area of Ellesmere Island, Northwest Territories (now Nunavut), Canada, was observed during summer 1998, in contrast to most other years since 1986. Evidence of malnourished muskoxen was also found. Early winter weather and a consequent 50% reduction of the 1997 summer replenishment period appeared to be the most likely cause, giving rise to a new hypothesis about conditions that might cause adverse demographic effects in arctic herbivores.

Durant l’été 1998, et ce, à la différence de la plupart des années depuis …

Accuracy And Precision Of Estimating Age Of Gray Wolves By Tooth Wear, Philip S. Gipson, Warren B. Ballard, Ronald M. Nowak, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

We evaluated the accuracy and precision of tooth wear for aging gray wolves (Canis lupus) from Alaska, Minnesota, and Ontario based on 47 known-age or known-minimum-age skuIIs. Estimates of age using tooth wear and a commercial cementum annuli-aging service were useful for wolves up to 14 years old. The precision of estimates from cementum annuli was greater than estimates from tooth wear, but tooth wear estimates are more applicable in the field. We tended to overestimate age by 1-2 years and occasionaIIy by 3 or 4 years. The commercial service aged young wolves with cementum annuli to within …

Prolonged Winter Undernutrition And The Interpretation Of Urinary Allantoin:Creatinine Ratios In White-Tailed Deer, Glenn D. Delgiudice, Ken D. Kerr, L. David Mech, Ulysses S. Seal

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The urinary allantoin:creatinine (A:C) ratio (expressed in micromoles of allantoin to micromoles of creatinine) has shown potential as an index of recent winter energy intake in preliminary controlled studies of elk (Cervus elaphus) involving mild condition deterioration (up to 11% loss of body mass). To ensure reliable nutritional assessments of free-ranging cervids by measuring A:C ratios of urine in snow, it is essential to extend this work. We assessed the effect of moderate and severe winter nutritional restriction on urinary A:C ratios of captive white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) that lost up to 32% body mass and …

Clonal Growth Of Lithospermum Caroliniense (Boraginaceae) In Contrasting Sand Dune Habitats, Stephen G. Weller, Kathleen H. Keeler, Barbara A. Thomson

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The occurrence of clonal growth of distylous Lithospermum caroliniense was investigated in a population in the Nebraska Sandhills, an area where sand dunes have been relatively stable for at least 1,500–3,000 yr, and compared to a population occurring at the Indiana Dunes, an area of active sand dune formation. Spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated the occurrence of significant clonal propagation of genetically based floral morphs at Arapaho Prairie, but not for the Indiana Dunes. Apparent clonal growth in the Sandhills population had no overall negative effect on pollen deposition or fecundity relative to the Indiana population, although in some large clones …

Three New Hesperioidae (Hesperiinae) From South Carolina: New Subspecies Of Euphyes Bimacula, Poanes Aaroni, And Hesperia Attalus, Ronald R. Gatrelle

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Euphyes bimacula arbogasti is described as a new subspecies from Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States. It is known from only a few widely scattered colonies in the coastal swamp forests of the southeastern United States from Georgia to southeastern North Carolina. It is darker then E. b. bimacula and E. b. illinois. Poanes aaroni minimus is described as a new subspecies from Bull Swamp, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. This unique inland subspecies is presently known only from the type locality. It is darker then P. a. aaroni and P. a. …