Population Biology Commons^™

How Roads Affect The Population Genetic Structure Of The Lizard Uta Stansburiana In The Northern Chihuahuan Desert, Priscilla D. Duran ^, Kevin W. Floyd, Elizabeth J. Walsh *

COURI Symposium Abstracts, Spring 2012

Urbanization can have significant ecological effects on natural populations, including habitat fragmentation through increased road density. Roads may isolate populations, causing disruption of gene flow, inbreeding, and decreased genetic diversity. In this study we investigate how two roads, interstate highway I-10 and rural country road NM-9, affect population genetic structure of ideblotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) in the northern Chihuahuan Desert of New Mexico. Lizards were trapped on both sides of each road, plus one control site/road. Nine microsatellite loci were amplified to determine signatures of disrupted gene flow. Genotypes were obtained for 144 individuals from three sites, I-10 …

Microgeographic Differentiation In Historical Yemen Inferred By Morphometric Distances, Maria Enrica Danubio, Emanuele Sanna, Fabrizio Rufo, Domenico Martorella, Elvira Vecchi, Alfredo Coppa

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

This study analysed the variations in space of 8 body dimensions and 11 measures of the head of 1,244 adult Yemenite males, collected in 1933/34 by Coon in Yemen and in Hadhramawt. The aim was to evaluate the presence of geographic microdifferentiation of the populations settled in the different regions of Yemen at the time. Coon sub-divided the sample into 6 geographical areas according to birthplace and ethnicity of the individuals: Tihamah, the Western Mountains, the Central Plateau, the South Coast, the Eastern Mountains and Hadhramawt. The results of ANCOVA (age as covariate) show that the observed differences of all …

High Connectivity In The Deepwater Snapper Pristipomoides Filamentosus (Lutjanidae) Across The Indo-Pacific With Isolation Of The Hawaiian Archipelago, Michelle R. Gaither, Shelley A. Jones, Christopher Kelley, Stephen J. Newman, Laurie Sorenson, Brian W. Bowen

Fisheries Research Articles

In the tropical Indo-Pacific, most phylogeographic studies have focused on the shallow-water taxa that inhabit reefs to approximately 30 m depth. Little is known about the large predatory fishes, primarily snappers (subfamily Etelinae) and groupers (subfamily Epinephelinae) that occur at 100–400 m. These long-lived, slow-growing species support fisheries across the Indo-Pacific, yet no comprehensive genetic surveys within this group have been conducted. Here we contribute the first range-wide survey of a deepwater Indo-Pacific snapper, Pristipomoides filamentosus, with special focus on Hawai'i. We applied mtDNA cytochrome b and 11 microsatellite loci to 26 samples (N = 1,222) collected across …

The Y-Str Genetic Diversity Of An Idaho Basque Population, With Comparison To European Basques And Us Caucasians, Josu Zubizarreta, Michael C. Davis, Greg Hampikian

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

Fifty unrelated Basque males from southwest Idaho were typed for the 17 Y-STR loci in the Yfiler multiplex kit (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, YGATA_H4.1 and DYS385a/b). A total of 42 haplotypes were identified, with no more than two individuals sharing a single haplotype. The haplotype diversity (HD) was 0.9935, and gene diversity (D) over loci was 0.457 ± 0.137. The Idaho Basque population was compared to the source population from the Basque autonomous region of Northern Spain and Southern France, as well as a US Caucasian population. The haplotype diversity …

Integration Versus Apartheid In Post-Roman Britain: A Response To Thomas Et Al. (2008), John E. Pattison

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

The genetic surveys of the population of Britain conducted by Weale et al. and Capelli et al. produced estimates of the Germani immigration into Britain during the early Anglo-Saxon period, c.430-c.730. These estimates are considerably higher than the estimates of archaeologists. A possible explanation suggested that an apartheid-like social system existed in the early Anglo-Saxon kingdoms resulting in the Germani breeding more quickly than the Britons. Thomas et al. attempted to model this suggestion and showed that it was a possible explanation if all Anglo-Saxon kingdoms had such a system for up to 400 yrs. I noted that their explanation …

Herbicide-Resistant Risk Assessment: Response Of Common Nebraska Weeds To Dicamba Dose, Roberto J. Crespo

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Dicamba-resistant soybeans are being developed to provide an additional herbicide mechanism of action that can be used in soybean, and to provide a tool to help manage or mitigate the evolution of other herbicide-resistant weed populations. The objectives of this thesis were to assess the risk of common Nebraska weeds developing resistance to dicamba, quantify baseline dose-response to dicamba of high-risk weed species, and survey the variability in dicamba dose-response among populations of those species. Twenty-five weed scientists were asked to estimate the risk likelihood of ten weed species evolving resistance to dicamba following the commercialization of dicamba-resistant soybean. Palmer …

Phylogeography Of The Reef Fish Cephalopholis Argus(Epinephelidae) Indicates Pleistocene Isolation Across The Indo-Pacific Barrier With Contemporary Overlap In The Coral Triangle, Michelle R. Gaither, Brian W. Bowen, Tiana-Rae Bordenave, Luiz A. Rocha, Stephen J. Newman, Juan A. Gomez, Lynne Van Herwerden, Matthew T. Craig

Fisheries Research Articles

Background

The Coral Triangle (CT), bounded by the Philippines, the Malay Peninsula, and New Guinea, is the epicenter of marine biodiversity. Hypotheses that explain the source of this rich biodiversity include 1) the center of origin, 2) the center of accumulation, and 3) the region of overlap. Here we contribute to the debate with a phylogeographic survey of a widely distributed reef fish, the Peacock Grouper (Cephalopholis argus; Epinephelidae) at 21 locations (N = 550) using DNA sequence data from mtDNA cytochrome b and two nuclear introns (gonadotropin-releasing hormone and S7 ribosomal protein).

Results

Population structure was significant …

Fisheries Management Paper No.245 - Aquaculture Of Coral, Live Rocks And Associated Products. Aquaculture Policy, Department Of Fisheries, Western Australia

Fisheries Management Papers

Aquarium enthusiasts use corals, live rock and associated products (e.g. live sand) for display and to maintain healthy water quality conditions in their marine aquariums. There is a large and growing market for these products. While the wild harvest fisheries for aquarium products in Western Australia are sustainably managed, output is capped, so increased product is needed to meet the market demand. With a trend towards the capping of wild harvest and additional pressures, such as the introduction of Marine Parks and other marine protected areas, the aquaculture of these products is set for industry development and expansion.

The large …

Thirty-Seven Additional Microsatellite Loci In The Pacific Lion-Paw Scallop (Nodipecten Subnodosus) And Cross-Amplification In Other Pectinids, Jessica Lynn Petersen, Ana M. Ibarra, Bernie May

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

We characterized 37 new microsatellite markers in the Pacific lion-paw scallop (Nodipecten subnodosus) and tested for cross-amplification in four other species. Genetic diversity was estimated using 24 individuals from the Lagoon Ojo de Liebre, B.C.S., Mexico. Allelic richness varied from 5 to 27 alleles per locus and the average expected heterozygosity was 0.76. Ten loci exhibited significant departure from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium likely due to the presence of null alleles. Sixteen of these markers cross-amplified in closely related N. nodosus, while little or no amplification was observed in three Argopecten species.

Simpler Mode Of Inheritance Of Transcriptional Variation In Male Drosophila Melanogaster, Marta Wayne, Marina Telonis-Scott, Lisa Bono, Lawrence G. Harshman, Artyom Kopp, Sergey V. Nuzhdin, Lauren Mcintyre

Lawrence G. Harshman Publications

Sexual selection drives faster evolution in males. The X chromosome is potentially an important target for sexual selection, because hemizygosity in males permits accumulation of alleles, causing tradeoffs in fitness between sexes. Hemizygosity of the X could cause fundamentally different modes of inheritance between the sexes, with more additive variation in males and more nonadditive variation in females. Indeed, we find that genetic variation for the transcriptome is primarily additive in males but nonadditive in females. As expected, these differences are more pronounced on the X chromosome than the autosomes, but autosomal loci are also affected, possibly because of X-linked …

A Simple And Improved Pcr-Based Technique For White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Sex Identification, Alec R. Lindsay Ph. D., Jerrold L. Belant

Faculty Works

We describe a simple single-reaction technique for identifying the sex of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) based on the PCR amplification of a zinc-finger intron using one pair of primers. Although Sry-coamplification confirmed sex identities, use of the Sry marker was unnecessary due to dimorphic alleles on the X and Y chromosomes at the zinc-finger locus. Insertions in intron 7 of the Y-linked allele (417 bp) make it nearly twice as long as the X-linked allele (236 bp) and thus the amplification products are easily discernable by simple agarose gel electrophoresis. The relatively short size of these products makes them useful …

Shark Bay Prawn And Scallop Fisheries. Draft Review Report, Department Of Fisheries Western Australia

Fisheries Management Papers

In recent times, the Department of Fisheries has received representations from both sectors about the ongoing interaction of the fisheries and their respective management settings. As a result, a decision was made to comprehensively review the fisheries, taking into account matters of fishery sustainability and gear interactions, together with industry economics and market considerations. The review has also addressed research requirements to ensure an appropriate scientific basis for decision-making into the future.

Workshop On Sustainable Development Of Marine Fish Farming In Wa, Peter Rogers, R Fletcher

Fisheries Management Papers

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First to provide an overview of the role of government and more particularly the Department of Fisheries and second to outline government expectations for aquaculture development agencies in the implementation of sustainable development initiatives and the effect this could have on the management of aquaculture within WA.

Processes For The Allocation, Reallocation And Governance Of Resource Access In Connection With A Framework For The Future Management Of Fisheries In Western Australia, Government Of Western Australia Department Of Fisheries

Fisheries Management Papers

This paper outlines the issues associated with developing a framework to deal explicitly with the allocation, reallocation and the governance of access to the fisheries resources of Western Australia.

Plant Hybrid Zones And Insect Host Range Expansion, Diana Pilson

Diana Pilson Publications

The hybrid bridge hypothesis suggests that plant hybrids ‘‘bridge’’ the genetic gap between actual and potential host species, and that, for this reason, herbivorous insects are more likely to evolve an expanded host range in the presence of hybrids. While intuitively appealing, the hypothesis has two implicit assumptions: that phenotypic gaps between potential hosts limit host range, and that characters controlling host use are additively inherited in plant hybrids. Evaluation of these assumptions suggests that operation of the hybrid bridge hypothesis is relatively uncommon. In addition, the hypothesis has not been well integrated into existing theoretical and empirical work on …

Draft: Plan For The Management Of The Houtman Abrolhos Islands Fish Habitat Protection Area (Schedule 1), Abrolhos Islands Management Advisory Council, Fisheries Department Of Western Australia

Fisheries Management Papers

This document is a separate draft plan which has been prepared to meet the requirements of Section 117 of the Fish Resources Management Act 1994. It contains a description of the area; outlines the purposes for which the area is to be set aside; and lists the recommendations contained in Fisheries Management Paper No. 104, Management of the Houtman Abrolhos System, which relate to the management of the proposed Fish Habitat Protection Area.

Management Of The Houtman Abrolhos System, Abrolhos Islands Management Advisory Council, Fisheries Department Of Western Australia

Fisheries Management Papers

In November 1995 Cabinet resolved that the Minister for Fisheries would establish the Abrolhos Islands Management Advisory Committee (AIMAC) pursuant to Section 42 of the Fish Resources Management Act 1994. The role of AIMAC is to advise the Minister for Fisheries about the management of the Abrolhos Islands and the adjoining State Territorial Waters, as detailed in Section 2.2.3.1 of this report. The AIMAC has overseen the preparation of this report on behalf of the Minister for Fisheries. This draft report contains a brief description of the Abrolhos System and its special values. It also states goals and objectives for …

Abalone Aquaculture In Western Australia. Discussion Paper And Draft Policy Guidelines., Cameron Westaway, Jeff Norriss

Fisheries Management Papers

The purposes of this discussion paper is to highlight relevant issues associated with abalone aquaculture development and outline a set of draft policy guidelines. The paper is being disseminated to members of the aquaculture industry, commercial and recreational fishing bodies and the broader community to allow comment.

Draft: Optimising The Worth Of The Lobster Catch: Options And Issues, Marec Pty Ltd

Fisheries Management Papers

The purpose of this document is to contribute to informed discussion on alternative measures which might be adopted to optimise the worth of the lobster catch. In doing so, it provides a number of possible initiatives which could be more closely examined for adoption. Details of issues are provided which should be taken into consideration when assessing the various proposals. The industry as it is today is examined and assessed, and its achievements analysed. The possible initiatives proposed stem from this research. As a consequence of this document, the rock lobster industry could undertake to proceed with a detailed examination …

Marine Farm Planning And Consultation Processes In Western Australia, Dave Everall

Fisheries Management Papers

The development of a sustainable aquaculture industry in Western Australia is considered to be a high priority by the Government. The marine farming industry has a bright future in Western Australia, but there is a need to balance its developing needs for suitable waters with those of existing activities, and with community expectations for accountability and transparency in the resolution of equity and resource sharing decisions. The purpose of this report is to review the existing planning and consultation processes for pearling and aquaculture in WA and recommend how they may be improved and incorporated into a single process. It …

The Aquaculture Of Non-Endemic Species In Western Australia, Tina Thorne

Fisheries Management Papers

This Management Paper has been drafted in liaison with the Department of Environmental Protection in accordance with the principles of risk assessment and taking into account translocation issues of non-endemic species such as redclaw (Cheras quadricarninatus). It is considered that the implementation of this policy will protect the natural environment and native crayfish species. It will also allow for the development of a redclaw industry, and provide the first step towards self regulation of that industry.

Management Arrangements For The Western Rock Lobster Fishery For The 1997/98 Season, F. B. Prokop

Fisheries Management Papers

This paper deals with the proposed management strategies for the 1997/98 seasons. The purpose of this paper is to present the views of RLIAC on management arrangements for the 1997/98 rock lobster season and to indicate the strategic directions that long term management of this important fishery might take so as to ensure both its biological sustainability and the optimisation of product value for both the State and the participants in the fishery.

Management Of The South Coast Purse Seine Fishery, J Fowler, K Donohue, R.C. J. Lenanton, M. Moran, D Gaughan

Fisheries Management Papers

This paper has presented a strategy for moving the management of the small pelagics fishery off the south coast to management of the whole fishery, which facilitates a more biologically sound and economically stable fishery.

A Pricing Policy For Fisheries Agencies, Management Committee Of Scfa, Standing Committee Of Fisheries And Aquaculture (Sfca), Department Of Primary Industries And Energy

Fisheries Management Papers

The intent of this paper is to inform members of Standing Committee for Fisheries and Aquaculture (SCFA) and the members of the Ministerial Council for Fisheries, Forestry and Aquaculture of the methods of fee setting that are currently applied by fisheries agencies in Australia, and alternative pricing policies for fisheries agencies.

Shark Bay World Heritage Property: Summary Of Public Submissions To The Draft Management Plan For Fish Resources, Kevin A. Francesconi

Fisheries Management Papers

In November 1994, the draft management plan for fish resources for the Shark Bay World Heritage Area (Fisheries Management Paper no 72) was released for public comment. This report summarises and analyses the 28 written public submissions received to the draft fisheries management plan.

Shark Bay Management Paper For Fish Resources, Fisheries Department Of Western Australia, Department Of Conservation And Land Management

Fisheries Management Papers

This paper deals with the management of fish resources in the Shark Bay World Heritage Property which are the responsibility of the Fisheries Department of Western Australia. It was prepared by the Fisheries Department in close liaison with the Department of Conservation and Land Management. The policies and guidelines proposed in this paper will be followed for a period not exceeding 10 years.

Pearling And Aquaculture In The Dampier Archipelago - Existing And Proposed Operations - A Report For Public Comment, Ben Fraser

Fisheries Management Papers

This discussion paper has been prepared by the Fisheries Department of WA as part of a consultative process to enable the public to comment on existing and proposed pearling and aquaculture activities in the Dampier Archipelago. This report follows on from Fisheries Management Report 90 - the Driscoll Report - and provides more detailed information about pearling and aquaculture to enable the public to consider and comment on individual projects.

Offshore Constitutional Settlement 1995, H. G. Brayford, G. E. Lyon

Fisheries Management Papers

The Offshore Constitutional Settlement OCS is a legal arrangement between the Commonwealth and State Governments, and defines control over the fisheries which operate off each State of Australia. For the Western Australian coast, the first set of arrangements took effect in 1987. The OCS of 1995 specifies five arrangements, under which the fisheries inside the 200 nautical mile approximately 370 km limit of the Australian Fishing Zone AFZ come under either State, Commonwealth, or joint control.

A Report On The Issues Affecting The Use Of The Dampier Archipelago, Peter Driscoll

Fisheries Management Papers

This report was commissioned by the Minister for Fisheries following concerns about resource sharing, allocation of licences and leases for pearling and aquaculture, recreational and commercial fishing opportunities, and local residents continued ability to access the islands and marine areas of the Dampier Archipelago. The purpose of this report is to provide a scoping document for a marine planning study for the Dampier Archipelago for the Fisheries Department and the Minister for Fisheries.

Fishermen's Views On The Future Management Of The Rock Lobster Fishery: A Report Prepared On Behalf Of The Rock Lobster Industry Advisory Committee, The Marketing Centre, Rock Lobster Industry Advisory Committee

Fisheries Management Papers

In June 1995, a self-completion survey of fishermen in the rock lobster fishery was sent out by The Marketing Centre to 589 licensees. A total of 206 valid responses were received. The questionnaire was fairly long and dealt with a number of complex issues. As such, this response rate of 36.0% compares favorably with the average for postal surveys of around 40.0%. The following represents the main findings from the survey.