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2023

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Articles 1231 - 1260 of 1823

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Inference And Reconstruction Of The Heimdallarchaeial Ancestry Of Eukaryotes, Laura Eme, Daniel Tamarit, Eva F. Caceres, Courtney W. Stairs, Valerie De Anda, Max E. Schön, Kiley W. Seitz, Nina Dombrowski, Anna-Louise Reysenbach, Multiple Additional Authors Apr 2023

Inference And Reconstruction Of The Heimdallarchaeial Ancestry Of Eukaryotes, Laura Eme, Daniel Tamarit, Eva F. Caceres, Courtney W. Stairs, Valerie De Anda, Max E. Schön, Kiley W. Seitz, Nina Dombrowski, Anna-Louise Reysenbach, Multiple Additional Authors

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

In the ongoing debates about eukaryogenesis—the series of evolutionary events leading to the emergence of the eukaryotic cell from prokaryotic ancestors— members of the Asgard archaea play a key part as the closest archaeal relatives of eukaryotes1. However, the nature and phylogenetic identity of the last common ancestor of Asgard archaea and eukaryotes remain unresolved2–4. Here we analyse distinct phylogenetic marker datasets of an expanded genomic sampling of Asgard archaea and evaluate competing evolutionary scenarios using state-of-the-art phylogenomic approaches. We find that eukaryotes are placed, with high confidence, as a well-nested clade within Asgard archaea and as a sister lineage …

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A Look Into The Physiological Impacts Of Childhood Cancers And Modeling Of Tumor Growth Rate, Erica Steiner, Kimberly Hansen, Marissa Stanton Apr 2023

A Look Into The Physiological Impacts Of Childhood Cancers And Modeling Of Tumor Growth Rate, Erica Steiner, Kimberly Hansen, Marissa Stanton

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases present in the world. Children have different reactions to diseases and treatments; thus, it is important to study those reactions specifically in children. Knowing how children are impacted by these factors can be helpful in diagnosis and treatment of cancer. I performed this study by researching the different types of cancer I was interested in and using MATLAB to code for and simulate a growth curve of a brain tumor. I found that there are many different physiological impacts of different cancers in children. As for the modeling, I was able to get …

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Dnmt3a-Coordinated Splicing Governs The Stem State Switch Towards Differentiation In Embryonic And Haematopoietic Stem Cells, Raghav Ramabadran, Jarey H Wang, Jaime M Reyes, Anna G Guzman, Sinjini Gupta, Carina Rosas, Lorenzo Brunetti, Michael C Gundry, Ayala Tovy, Hali Long, Tianpeng Gu, Sean M Cullen, Siddhartha Tyagi, Danielle Rux, Jean J Kim, Steven M Kornblau, Michael Kyba, Fabio Stossi, Rachel E Rau, Koichi Takahashi, Thomas F Westbrook, Margaret A Goodell Apr 2023

Dnmt3a-Coordinated Splicing Governs The Stem State Switch Towards Differentiation In Embryonic And Haematopoietic Stem Cells, Raghav Ramabadran, Jarey H Wang, Jaime M Reyes, Anna G Guzman, Sinjini Gupta, Carina Rosas, Lorenzo Brunetti, Michael C Gundry, Ayala Tovy, Hali Long, Tianpeng Gu, Sean M Cullen, Siddhartha Tyagi, Danielle Rux, Jean J Kim, Steven M Kornblau, Michael Kyba, Fabio Stossi, Rachel E Rau, Koichi Takahashi, Thomas F Westbrook, Margaret A Goodell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Upon stimulation by extrinsic stimuli, stem cells initiate a programme that enables differentiation or self-renewal. Disruption of the stem state exit has catastrophic consequences for embryogenesis and can lead to cancer. While some elements of this stem state switch are known, major regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that this switch involves a global increase in splicing efficiency coordinated by DNA methyltransferase 3α (DNMT3A), an enzyme typically involved in DNA methylation. Proper activation of murine and human embryonic and haematopoietic stem cells depends on messenger RNA processing, influenced by DNMT3A in response to stimuli. DNMT3A coordinates splicing through recruitment …

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Effects Of Actin-Destabilizing Drugs On Motor Function In Drosophila Melanogaster, Caden Sullivan Apr 2023

Effects Of Actin-Destabilizing Drugs On Motor Function In Drosophila Melanogaster, Caden Sullivan

Honors Theses

Actin dynamics influence many cellular processes including neural connectivity and function. One way to better understand and study the regulation of these dynamics is to manipulate actin dynamics and observe the effects in motor function as a proxy to changes on the neuromuscular junctions in developing neural tissue. On that line, this investigation hypothesized that changing the actin dynamics during development via drug manipulation results in observable effects in locomotion. One of the common actin regulatory drugs used throughout the literature includes Latrunculin A, which was used in this study. Methods included applying this actin destabilizing drug on developing wildtype …

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Effects Of Habitat Management On Rodent Diversity, Abundance, And Virus Infection Dynamics, Nathaniel Mull, Amy Schexnayder, Abigail Stolt, Tarja Sironen, Kristian M. Forbes Apr 2023

Effects Of Habitat Management On Rodent Diversity, Abundance, And Virus Infection Dynamics, Nathaniel Mull, Amy Schexnayder, Abigail Stolt, Tarja Sironen, Kristian M. Forbes

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

As anthropogenic factors continue to degrade natural areas, habitat management is needed to restore and maintain biodiversity. However, the impacts of different habitat management regimes on ecosystems have largely focused on vegetation analyses, with limited evaluation of downstream effects on wildlife. We compared the effects of grassland management regimes (prescribed burning, cutting/haying, or no active management) on rodent communities and the viruses they hosted. Rodents were trapped in 13 existing grassland sites in Northwest Arkansas, USA during 2020 and 2021. Rodent blood samples were screened for antibodies against three common rodent-borne virus groups: orthohantaviruses, arenaviruses, and orthopoxviruses. We captured 616 …

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Characterization And Genomic Analysis Of Two Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Bacteriophages Isolated From Pigeons, Mohamad I. Alolama Apr 2023

Characterization And Genomic Analysis Of Two Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Bacteriophages Isolated From Pigeons, Mohamad I. Alolama

Dissertations

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, also known as EHEC, is a subset of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), and it has recently been identified as one of the principal foodborne pathogens. E. coli O157:H7 is the most important serotype of STEC for its role in causing foodborne illnesses. E. coli O157:H7 could cause various gastroenteritis symptoms such as diarrhea, hemolytic uremic syndrome, hemorrhagic colitis, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and may cause death. Elimination of E. coli O157:H7 during food processing and storage is a possible solution. Bacteriophages have a significant impact on bacterial populations in nature due to their ability to …

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Biohydrogen Production Of A Co-Culture Consisting Of Halophytic Cyanobacterium Phormidium Keutzingianum And Activated Sludge Bacteria Using Different Exogenous Carbon Substrates And Salt Concentrations, Maitha Mohammed Al Nuaimi Apr 2023

Biohydrogen Production Of A Co-Culture Consisting Of Halophytic Cyanobacterium Phormidium Keutzingianum And Activated Sludge Bacteria Using Different Exogenous Carbon Substrates And Salt Concentrations, Maitha Mohammed Al Nuaimi

Theses

Various studies have proved the ability of different types of cyanobacteria and algae to produce hydrogen (H2) by splitting water molecules into H2 and oxygen (O2) using specialized enzymes (hydrogenase and nitrogenase enzymes) through the biophotolysis process. However, the production of O2 acts as the main process inhibitor. Several researchers studied this O2 sensitivity and proposed effective solutions to regulate O2 concentration. By co-culturing algae with aerobic bacteria, the consumption of the resulting oxygen could be attained and thus reducing the sensitivity of the enzyme to the evolved O2. In …

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Pathogen Risk Assessment On Arabian Felines In The United Arab Emirates, Laia Montserrat Stefano Apr 2023

Pathogen Risk Assessment On Arabian Felines In The United Arab Emirates, Laia Montserrat Stefano

Dissertations

The Arabian Peninsula has been known to harbour five species of felines, namely leopards (Panthera pardus), cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus), caracals (Caracal caracal), sand cats (Felis margarita), and wildcats (Felis silvestris). Currently, their situation in the wild is critical in the region and ex situ breeding efforts are the greatest hope to restore their populations. However, these efforts need to go hand-in-hand with focus on their health, since pathogens are known to be a serious threat to animals under managed care. Globally, the potential pathogens of these five species include viruses, …

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The Photochemical Evolution Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons And Nontronite Clay On Early Earth And Mars, Nina Kopacz, Maria Angela Corazzi, Giovanni Poggiali, Ayla Von Essen, Vincent Kofman, Teresa Fornaro, Hugo Van Ingen, Eloi Camprubi, Helen E. King, John Brucato, Inge Loes Ten Kate Apr 2023

The Photochemical Evolution Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons And Nontronite Clay On Early Earth And Mars, Nina Kopacz, Maria Angela Corazzi, Giovanni Poggiali, Ayla Von Essen, Vincent Kofman, Teresa Fornaro, Hugo Van Ingen, Eloi Camprubi, Helen E. King, John Brucato, Inge Loes Ten Kate

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

The photochemical evolution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), an abundant form of meteoritic organic carbon, is of great interest to early Earth and Mars origin-of-life studies and current organic molecule detection efforts on Mars. Fe-rich clay environments were abundant on early Earth and Mars, and may have played a role in prebiotic chemistry, catalyzing the breakdown of PAHs and freeing up carbon for subsequent chemical complexification. Current Mars is abundant in clay-rich environments, which are most promising for harboring organic molecules and have comprised the main studied features by the Curiosity rover in search of them. In this work …

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Neurogenetic Function Of Host Cell Factor-1, Victoria Lynn Castro Apr 2023

Neurogenetic Function Of Host Cell Factor-1, Victoria Lynn Castro

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Neural precursor cells (NPCs) are the stem-like cells of the developing brain. These cells differentiate into the differentiated cell types of the central nervous system. If disruption occurs in the number of total NPCs formed or their survival, various disorders including learning disabilities, behavioral problems, or epilepsy can occur. This dissertation describes how the HCFC1 gene controls the proliferation and differentiation of NPCs. HCFC1 encodes for a transcriptional co-factor that regulates the growth and metabolism of stem cells, including NPCs. Mutations in HCFC1 cause cblX syndrome, a neural developmental disorder that affects the nervous system and causes microcephaly, epilepsy, and …

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Acoustic Telemetry Provides Insights For Improving Conservation And Management At A Spawning Aggregation Site Of The Endangered Nassau Grouper (Epinephelus Striatus), Richard S. Nemeth, Elizabeth Kadison, Jonathan Jossart, Mahmood Shivji, Bradley Wetherbee, Jordan Matley Mar 2023

Acoustic Telemetry Provides Insights For Improving Conservation And Management At A Spawning Aggregation Site Of The Endangered Nassau Grouper (Epinephelus Striatus), Richard S. Nemeth, Elizabeth Kadison, Jonathan Jossart, Mahmood Shivji, Bradley Wetherbee, Jordan Matley

Biology Faculty Articles

Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus, Serranidae) were one of the most important fishery species in the Caribbean, but are now listed as critically endangered. Population collapse in most places occurred primarily by fishers targeting their spawning aggregation sites, where thousands of fish gathered during full moon periods from December to April. Identifying management options for protecting this vulnerable period is crucial for their survival. In the US Virgin Islands, we tagged 24 Nassau grouper with acoustic transmitters at a fish spawning aggregation (FSA) site called the Grammanik Bank, a 1.5 km2, marine protected area (MPA) closed each year from …

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Evidence Of Distinct Genetic Stocks Of The Bottlenose Wedgefish (Rhynchobatus Australiae) In The Indo-West Pacific, Rehema J. Simwanza, Cyrus Rumisha Mar 2023

Evidence Of Distinct Genetic Stocks Of The Bottlenose Wedgefish (Rhynchobatus Australiae) In The Indo-West Pacific, Rehema J. Simwanza, Cyrus Rumisha

Tanzania Journal of Science

Populations of the bottlenose wedgefish (Rhynchobatus australiae) in the Indo-West Pacific (IWP) have declined by nearly 80% in recent decades. In response, IWP countries are establishing sanctuaries to provide refuge for the fish. However, little is known about the genetic stock structure of the fish in the region. Hence, this study analysed partial sequences (610 base pairs) of the cytochrome oxidase subunit (COI) gene from eight bottlenose wedgefish populations in the IWP to assess the genetic stock structure of the fishery. The sequences revealed that Western Indian Ocean (WIO) populations are genetically distinct from those in the West Pacific (WP) …

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Prevalence Of Endoparasites And Haematology In Redbelly Tilapia From A Shallow Tropical Reservoir In Ghana, Elliot H. Alhassan, Samuel A. Osei, Akwasi Ampofo-Yeboah, Samuel O. Dandi Mar 2023

Prevalence Of Endoparasites And Haematology In Redbelly Tilapia From A Shallow Tropical Reservoir In Ghana, Elliot H. Alhassan, Samuel A. Osei, Akwasi Ampofo-Yeboah, Samuel O. Dandi

Tanzania Journal of Science

The goal of this study was to assess common endoparasites on Tilapia zillii in the Tono Reservoir, as well as to investigate the mean intensity and prevalence of these parasites. A total of 175 fish specimens were examined during the study. Endoparasites of three metazoans and one protozoan were observed from the Tilapia zillii gills, intestines, and stomach. The findings showed that the most common endoparasites affecting Tilapia zillii are Ichthyopthirius multifiliis, Bothriocephalus sp., Contracaecum sp., and Dactylogyrus sp. Also, Contracaecum sp had the highest prevalence of 29.71, followed by Bothriocephalus sp (18.86), Ichthyopthirius multifiliis (12), and Dactylogyrus sp (6.86). …

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Land Cover Change As A Proxy Of Changes In Wildlife Distribution And Abundance In Tarangire-Simanjiro-Lolkisale-Mto Wa Mbu Ecosystem, Thobias Anthony, Nyimvua Shaban, Cuthbert Nahonyo Mar 2023

Land Cover Change As A Proxy Of Changes In Wildlife Distribution And Abundance In Tarangire-Simanjiro-Lolkisale-Mto Wa Mbu Ecosystem, Thobias Anthony, Nyimvua Shaban, Cuthbert Nahonyo

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study analyzed the land use and land cover (LULC) changes from 2000 to 2020 and examined its influence on wildlife distribution and abundance. LULC from satellite imagery for 2000, 2012 and 2020 were acquired from the United States Geological Survey (USGS). Supervised classification along with a maximum likelihood algorithm was used to classify satellite imagery into eight LULC classes: bareland, woodland, wetland, shrubland, grassland, waterbodies, cropland and built-up land. The results showed that grassland, wetland and woodland had declined, while shrubland, cropland and built-up land increased from 2000 to 2020. Grassland, wetland and woodland decreased from 48.1%, 14.1% and …

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Generation Of Electricity By Using Microbial Fuel Cell Prototype Fed By Sewage: Case Study At The University Of Dar Es Salaam, Mahir M Said, Asia A Saad, Geoffrey R John, Aviti T Mushi Mar 2023

Generation Of Electricity By Using Microbial Fuel Cell Prototype Fed By Sewage: Case Study At The University Of Dar Es Salaam, Mahir M Said, Asia A Saad, Geoffrey R John, Aviti T Mushi

Tanzania Journal of Science

The access to electricity is still not reliable in Tanzania. Whilst, there are several locations within the country that have wastewater cites that are not economically used to produce electricity. At the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), there are main grid power, and few scattered solar panels. This study was intended to bridge the divide between the current increasing power demands of the UDSM by exploiting not so much used sources, such as electric energy from wastewater. This study was undertaken to develop a Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) prototype fed by sewage in Dar es Salaam, for electricity generation …

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Recruitment Behaviour In An African Meliponine Bee Species (Hymenoptera, Apidae: Meliponini): Understanding Glandular Origin And Pheromonal Components, Bridget O. Bobadoye, Olaniyi T. Alamu, Jennifer A. George-Onaho, John A. Ete, Ayangbade E. Ayandokun, Ifeoluwa S. Agboola, Olubusola T. Adeoye, Popoola J. Adekola Mar 2023

Recruitment Behaviour In An African Meliponine Bee Species (Hymenoptera, Apidae: Meliponini): Understanding Glandular Origin And Pheromonal Components, Bridget O. Bobadoye, Olaniyi T. Alamu, Jennifer A. George-Onaho, John A. Ete, Ayangbade E. Ayandokun, Ifeoluwa S. Agboola, Olubusola T. Adeoye, Popoola J. Adekola

Tanzania Journal of Science

Meliponine bees are speculated to use a variety of communication mechanisms to effectively recruit workers of a colony to collect sufficient amounts of food to nourish the entire nest population. Mechanisms used to convey such information include thoracic vibrations and trophallaxis within the nest; footprint secretions and pheromone marks deposited in the field, or a combination of these signals and cues. There have been numerous discrepancies about the origin of trail pheromone production from the head, thorax, abdomen and leg regions of meliponine bees. Because the glandular origin of pheromone marks deposited by African meliponine bee’s species has not yet …

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Interdisciplinary Diffusion Lab, Sable Rosana Canales, Chloe Gaban Mar 2023

Interdisciplinary Diffusion Lab, Sable Rosana Canales, Chloe Gaban

Andrews University Teaching and Learning Conference

Diffusion is a principle in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. Students can model the rate of diffusion based on particle size by contrasting blue and yellow dyes. Two petri dishes containing agar-agar receive a drop of dye at the center. The radius of expansion is recorded over time and variance increases linearly with time. Diffusion constants vary by particle size, allowing for a size ratio comparison between blue and yellow dyes. Relating the data to cells, students predict that smaller molecules diffuse into living cells, whereas larger molecules need some assistance from protein channels as in facilitated diffusion.

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Epistemological Obstacles Of Students In Accomplishing Hots Tests According To Field-Dependent Cognitive Style, Widi Candika Pakaya, Fattah Hanurawan Mar 2023

Epistemological Obstacles Of Students In Accomplishing Hots Tests According To Field-Dependent Cognitive Style, Widi Candika Pakaya, Fattah Hanurawan

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

The main goal of this study is to describe the epistemological obstacles faced by students with field-dependent cognitive styles when attempting to solve HOTS questions. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive methodology. The instruments used are cognitive style tests and HOTS questions. Data is collected through interviews and student work. The research subjects were two participants in third-semester PGSD students at Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. In this study, the data were analyzed by identifying the answers of two respondents to the indicators of epistemological barriers that had been done by the students and then interviewing the respondents. The results of this study …

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Application Of The Recitation Method To Improve The Competence Of Medical Laboratory Technology Students In The Immunology Field, Patricia Gita Naully, Perdina Nursidika Mar 2023

Application Of The Recitation Method To Improve The Competence Of Medical Laboratory Technology Students In The Immunology Field, Patricia Gita Naully, Perdina Nursidika

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

An accredited mid-level MLT (Medical Laboratory Technology) must have the competence to perform medical laboratory examinations from pre-analytic, analytic, and post-analytic stages in several fields, one of which is immunology. Many D3 MLT students are facing obstacles to passed the immunology course. This obstacle is not only experienced by students of D3 MLT but also by medical students, pharmacy students, and similar majors. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of recitation method in the form of animation video making and immunology based device on the competence of Diploma 3 (D3) MLT students. This research is a …

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Ecoliteracy Analysis And Science Teaching Materials: A Survey In Junior High Schools, Ghina Nisrina Ramadhanti, Indarini Dwi Pursitasari, Indriyani Rachman Mar 2023

Ecoliteracy Analysis And Science Teaching Materials: A Survey In Junior High Schools, Ghina Nisrina Ramadhanti, Indarini Dwi Pursitasari, Indriyani Rachman

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

The study aims to analyze ecoliteracy and the teaching materials required for 21st century learning these days. The study employs the survey method by involving population of 104 junior high school students in grade VIII in Bogor City. The data are collected using ecoliteracy tests and interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics techniques. The results showed that 48 students (46.15%) fall into the category of lacking ecoliteracy cognitive competence. The results of the questionnaire on the competence of attitudes, skills, and human relations with nature fall into the medium category. Therefore, in order to support the improvement of students’ ecoliteracy, …

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The Influence Of The 5e Learning Cycle Strategy With A Link Map On Students' Mastery Of Physics Concepts And Science Process Skills, Dian Farida Rosanti, Markus Diantoro, Sentot Kusairi, Erni Yulianti Mar 2023

The Influence Of The 5e Learning Cycle Strategy With A Link Map On Students' Mastery Of Physics Concepts And Science Process Skills, Dian Farida Rosanti, Markus Diantoro, Sentot Kusairi, Erni Yulianti

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Link maps help students correlate interconcepts in order to facilitate students mastery of the concept learned. The researcher accompanied the link map in learning to find out its effect on concept mastery and students science process skills. This study used a quasi-experimental research design by providing a posttest only for the control group. The sample consisted of two classes, divided into an experimental class and a control class. The experimental class was taught using the 5E learning cycle strategy accompanied by a link map, and the control class was taught using the 5E learning cycle strategy only. The results of …

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Using Augmented Reality For Geometry Learning: Indonesian Elementary School Teachers' Experiences, Asep Nuryadin, Karlimah Karlimah, Dindin Abdul Muiz Lidinillah, Ika Fitri Apriani, Ikairn Rachmawati Putri, Lilis Susilawati, Ginna Islamiati, Dede Nurhidayah Mar 2023

Using Augmented Reality For Geometry Learning: Indonesian Elementary School Teachers' Experiences, Asep Nuryadin, Karlimah Karlimah, Dindin Abdul Muiz Lidinillah, Ika Fitri Apriani, Ikairn Rachmawati Putri, Lilis Susilawati, Ginna Islamiati, Dede Nurhidayah

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This study aims to discover Indonesian elementary school teachers' experiences (n = 257) of using Augmented Reality (AR) for learning, especially related to one of the topics in mathematics learning, namely, geometry. AR is considered to be an alternative instructional media that can be utilized for teaching geometry, including the topic of three-dimensional shapes. A questionnaire consisting of both close-ended and open-ended questions was used to collect data in this study. This study has successfully revealed teachers' use of digital instructional media during the COVID-19 pandemic, their familiarity with AR, frequency of AR use for geometry learning, and challenges in …

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Population Genetics And Morphometrics Of Overwintering Swamp Sparrows (Melospiza Georgiana) At Panola Mountain State Park, Ashley Mcmahon Mar 2023

Population Genetics And Morphometrics Of Overwintering Swamp Sparrows (Melospiza Georgiana) At Panola Mountain State Park, Ashley Mcmahon

Graduate Research Showcase

Grassland birds are facing the greatest decline of any bird guild in North America due to widespread loss of grassland habitats. Conservation efforts tend to focus on birds that breed in grasslands, but grassland habitat loss will also negatively affect populations that overwinter in grasslands. Three Swamp Sparrow subspecies (Melospiza georgiana georgiana, M. g. ericrypta, M. g. nigrescens) segregate on at least some of their breeding grounds but may mix on wintering grounds, which often includes grasslands. Philopatric passerines often also segregate by sex on wintering grounds. Thus, loss of overwintering grasslands may disproportionately impact both subspecies and sex, leading …

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Preliminary Analysis Of Landscape Associations For Virginia Opossum Roadkills, Lucy Beck Mar 2023

Preliminary Analysis Of Landscape Associations For Virginia Opossum Roadkills, Lucy Beck

Graduate Research Showcase

Methods for mitigating wildlife-vehicle collisions are important for the health of local wildlife populations and for driver safety. A variety of spatial, temporal, and biological factors are known to influence these collisions, and the combination of these factors varies for any given road. Therefore, understanding the spatial distribution of roadkill on the local landscape scale is required for effective mitigation planning. Furthermore, the distribution of roadkill on a local scale aids in our understanding of species’ ranges and the environmental factors associated with habitat use. A total of 620 Virginia Opossums (Didelphis virginiana) roadkills were recorded during a 10-year period …

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Fluorescent Analysis Of Protein Localization In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Lewis Barr, Ellen France Phd Mar 2023

Fluorescent Analysis Of Protein Localization In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Lewis Barr, Ellen France Phd

Graduate Research Showcase

A principal objective of cellular biology is to identify the function of proteins as they interact with their environment. Cellular localization provides context for the function and interactions of proteins. In this study, we seek to identify the localization of three proteins within Saccharomyces cerevisiae through C-terminal green fluorescent protein epitope tagging and subsequent fluorescent microscopy. As 75% of the yeast proteome has been classified, this project seeks to fill the remaining gap in unidentified cellular localization by investigating the proteins fsh3, gid10, and ade13. The analysis of high-resolution localization and comparative phylogenetic data reveals potential cellular environments and protein …

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Emerging Vibrio Harveyi And Vibrio Campbellii Pathogens In Georgia Waters, Cameron Brown Mar 2023

Emerging Vibrio Harveyi And Vibrio Campbellii Pathogens In Georgia Waters, Cameron Brown

Graduate Research Showcase

In the face of global warming and ocean acidification, waterborne pathogens are geographically expanding and rapidly evolving. The Vibrio genus contains a number of pathogens of humans and aquatic animals, many of which benefit from elevated temperatures and low pH conditions. Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio campbellii belong to the Harveyi clade and are barely distinguishable upon their genetic make-up. Natively found in warm waters of Asia and South America, these species are well-established pathogens that infect fish, shrimp, and mollusks. Due to climate change, the Southeastern United States is potentially becoming an accommodating environment for these pathogens, however this has …

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The Effect Of Callery Pear (Pyrus Calleryana) On Soil Macrofauna (Diplopoda And Oligochaeta), Joseph M. Mcgee, Bruce Snyder Mar 2023

The Effect Of Callery Pear (Pyrus Calleryana) On Soil Macrofauna (Diplopoda And Oligochaeta), Joseph M. Mcgee, Bruce Snyder

Graduate Research Showcase

Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana) is a relatively recent invader of North America. Its ecological effects are still being explored, including those affecting soil macrofauna such as millipedes (Diplopoda) and earthworms (Clitellata: Oligochaeta). These animals play important roles in many soil processes so understanding how they respond to invasive species is vital to soil health. A previous study exploring potential herbicide control was completed in 2019, however as of 2022 there are still treatment zones with little to no Callery pear alongside fully invaded plots, providing an optimal habitat mosaic for comparison. This allowed us to pursue two research goals: To …

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Effects Of Roadways On Seasonal Movement Strategies And Mate Location Success In An Imperiled Pit Viper (Crotalus Horridus), Elizabeth J. Noble Mar 2023

Effects Of Roadways On Seasonal Movement Strategies And Mate Location Success In An Imperiled Pit Viper (Crotalus Horridus), Elizabeth J. Noble

Graduate Research Showcase

Understanding animal movement behavior is fundamental to effective conservation and management. Within populations, various movement strategies can be displayed in search of critical resources, and these strategies are influenced by multiple factors related to individuals and the environment. Mating partners are one critical resource that affect movement during mating seasons. For many large-bodied snakes, male mate-searching movements are the primary determinant of mate location success, however, males incur significant risks associated with elevated movement. In an increasingly human-modified world, this often includes increased interactions with anthropogenic landscape features. A recent range-wide status assessment for Timber Rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus) identified roadways …

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Comparison Of Avian And Non-Avian Reptile Digestion On Small Mammal Remains And The Implications For Palaeoecological Interpretations., Todd B. Bennett* Mar 2023

Comparison Of Avian And Non-Avian Reptile Digestion On Small Mammal Remains And The Implications For Palaeoecological Interpretations., Todd B. Bennett*

Graduate Research Showcase

Small mammals are a uniquely important group in understanding paleoecology due to their restricted habitat and sensitivity to changing environments. The use of small mammal fossils has been widely documented in taphonomical and paleontological research, mainly in the form of owl pellet analysis. However, few studies have focused on other animal clades, though a small number have examined digestive damage due to mammals and reptiles. Research presented here examines digestive modification of small mammals caused by various species of snakes, a previously unresearched taxa, compared to previous work done on owl pellets. This study lays out a systematic approach for …

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Surveillance And Stewardship: Where Infection Prevention And Antimicrobial Stewardship Intersect, Fred C. Tenover, Debra A. Goff Mar 2023

Surveillance And Stewardship: Where Infection Prevention And Antimicrobial Stewardship Intersect, Fred C. Tenover, Debra A. Goff

Biology Faculty Publications

Colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) is a risk factor for subsequent infection. Surveillance for MDROs, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales, and carbapenemase-producing organisms, is commonly conducted in hospitals to prevent spread of MDROs, in part to reduce the potential for additional infections. Although colonization is a risk factor for infection, data on colonization with various MDROs are often not considered when selecting anti-infective therapy. There are conflicting data on the strength of the positive and negative predictive values of the colonization test results to guide therapeutic strategies. Defining therapeutic strategies for patients with complicated or …

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