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2020

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Articles 811 - 840 of 1996

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Pilot Study Exploring The Effect Of Targeted Cox-2 Inhibition In Macrophages Responding To Neuronal Injury; Promoting Enhanced Axonal Regeneration, Alyssa Brauckmann May 2020

Pilot Study Exploring The Effect Of Targeted Cox-2 Inhibition In Macrophages Responding To Neuronal Injury; Promoting Enhanced Axonal Regeneration, Alyssa Brauckmann

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Celecoxib nanoemulsion (CXB-NE) has been developed as a macrophage targeted analgesics by Dr. Janjic and her team at Duquesne University, (Janjic et al, 2018; Liu et al, 2020; Saleem et al, 2019b; Vasudeva et al, 2014). The CXB-NE nanoemulsion carrying a Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory (NSAID) inhibitor of COX-2 activity result in a reduction in PGE2 expression in macrophages. Using CXB-NE in rats that have peripheral nerve injury constricting the sciatic nerve relieves hypersensitivity, a pain-like behavior. The treatment also decreases inflammation associated with this chronic constriction injury (Janjic et al, 2018; Saleem et al, 2019b; Stevens et al, 2019). In this …

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Site Selection Of Pyrococcus Horikoshi Rada Intein, Madison Paige White May 2020

Site Selection Of Pyrococcus Horikoshi Rada Intein, Madison Paige White

Honors College Theses

Inteins are polypeptides translated within host proteins that undergo an autocatalytic protein splicing reaction to join the flanking sequences, termed N- and C- extiens. Long considered molecular parasites, recent work has demonstrated that protein splicing can be regulated by environmental signals, representing an exciting new form of post-translational regulation. A landmark example comes from the homologous recombinase RadA of the archaeon Pyrococcus horikoshii, which splices in response to substrate single-stranded DNA. Interestingly, while the P. horikoshii RadA intein splices efficiently when inserted into foreign exteins under all conditions tested, splicing is inhibited in native exteins in absence of ssDNA. In …

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Lysogeny And Use Of Mycobacteriophage Pita2, Eleanor Behling, Neocles B. Leontis, Jill Zeilstra-Ryalls May 2020

Lysogeny And Use Of Mycobacteriophage Pita2, Eleanor Behling, Neocles B. Leontis, Jill Zeilstra-Ryalls

Honors Projects

The CDC has classified antibiotic resistance as the biggest health challenge of our era; every year 2 million lives are impacted and even lost due to resistant bacteria. Bacteriophages provide an alternative route to fighting infections that does not further the development of antibiotic resistance among bacterial species. A bacteriophage replicates inside a bacterial cell and then causes that cell to lyse, an event that kills the bacterial host. However, some phage can integrate their genomes into the host chromosome without causing lysis. The HHMI SEA-PHAGES program has generated a collection of bacteriophage that infect Actinobacteria species. Over 13,000 phages …

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Draft Genome Sequence Of Aeromonas Caviae Ufmg-H8, Isolated From Urine From A Healthy Bovine Heifer (Gyr Breed), Silvia Giannattasio-Ferraz, Laura Maskeri, André P. Oliveira, Edel F. Barbosa-Stancioli, Catherine Putonti May 2020

Draft Genome Sequence Of Aeromonas Caviae Ufmg-H8, Isolated From Urine From A Healthy Bovine Heifer (Gyr Breed), Silvia Giannattasio-Ferraz, Laura Maskeri, André P. Oliveira, Edel F. Barbosa-Stancioli, Catherine Putonti

Bioinformatics Faculty Publications

Aeromonas caviae is an emerging pathogen in humans, causing intestinal infections. Here, we report Aeromonas caviae strain UFMG-H8, isolated from the urine of a healthy heifer (Gyr breed).

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Presence Of Dirofilaria Immitis In Mosquitoes In Southeastern Georgia, Angelica C. Tumminello May 2020

Presence Of Dirofilaria Immitis In Mosquitoes In Southeastern Georgia, Angelica C. Tumminello

Honors College Theses

Canine heartworm disease is caused by the filarial nematode Dirofilaria immitis, which is transmitted by at least 25 known species of mosquito vectors. This study sought to understand which species of mosquitoes are present in Bulloch County, Georgia, and which species are transmitting canine heartworm disease. This study also investigated whether particular canine demographics correlated with a greater risk of heartworm disease. Surveillance of mosquitoes was conducted in known heartworm-positive canine locations using traditional gravid trapping and vacuum sampling. Mosquito samples were frozen until deemed inactive, then identified by species and sex. The mosquitoes were then either dissected under …

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Antibacterial Properties Of Novel Amphiphiles, Ariana Simeone May 2020

Antibacterial Properties Of Novel Amphiphiles, Ariana Simeone

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Hospital acquired infections, particularly antibiotic resistant infections, are a growing concern due to their infection and mortality rate, as well as their growing economic burden, and it has been estimated that by the year 2050 the associated mortality rate will be around 10 million deaths per year. A solution to this is better means of prevention, and amphiphiles, compounds with at least one hydrophilic head group and at least one hydrophobic tail, are promising candidates for stopping the spread of infectious bacteria. Novel amphiphiles with two bipyridinium head groups, separated by a hydrophobic carbon spacer of varying lengths, and each …

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Draft Genome Sequence Of Citrobacter Freundii Ufmg-H9, Isolated From Urine From A Healthy Bovine Heifer (Gyr Breed), Silvia Giannattasio-Ferraz, Laura Maskeri, André P. Oliveira, Edel F. Barbosa-Stancioli, Catherine Putonti May 2020

Draft Genome Sequence Of Citrobacter Freundii Ufmg-H9, Isolated From Urine From A Healthy Bovine Heifer (Gyr Breed), Silvia Giannattasio-Ferraz, Laura Maskeri, André P. Oliveira, Edel F. Barbosa-Stancioli, Catherine Putonti

Bioinformatics Faculty Publications

Citrobacter freundii is a pathogen associated with antibiotic resistance and severe infections in humans. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of C. freundii strain UFMG-H9, an isolate from urine from a healthy Gyr heifer.

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Research And Development Of A Computational Simulation Of A Rat Tail, Abed Adawi May 2020

Research And Development Of A Computational Simulation Of A Rat Tail, Abed Adawi

Masters Theses, 2020-current

To better understand the potential use of synergies in the neural control of muscle in the rat tail during the NWR, a new computational biomechanical model of the tail was created in Matlab/Simulink based on experimentally measured parameters – length, mass, stiffness, and damping - of the tail. The tail was simplified from 28 coccygeal vertebrae to 12 equal length segments. The model was validated by applying known forces to the tail and comparing the observed and predicted movements. Using forward dynamics assisted data tracking (FDADT), we determined that while a single tendon synergy was adequate for small and proximal …

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Steady Heartbeat: Field And Laboratory Studies Indicate Unexpected Resilience To High Temperatures For The Ribbed Mussel Geukensia Demissa, Ashlyn N. Smith Ms. May 2020

Steady Heartbeat: Field And Laboratory Studies Indicate Unexpected Resilience To High Temperatures For The Ribbed Mussel Geukensia Demissa, Ashlyn N. Smith Ms.

Honors College Theses

Salt marshes are important ecosystems found along the coast of Georgia. Salt marshes are hosts to diverse organisms that interact with each other to promote many ecosystem services, such as storm buffering and flooding, and absorption of excess nutrients. Among these diverse organisms is the ribbed mussel, Geukensia demissa. Mussels are a foundation species in this intertidal landscape, and without them the whole salt marsh would be negatively affected. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the thermal stress response of G. demissa to rising temperatures. Mussels were collected from three locations that were landlocked, close to a …

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Identifying Fluctuating Asymmetry And Developmental Rate As Indicators Of Developmental Stability In Drosophila Melanogaster, Carrie N. Reaver May 2020

Identifying Fluctuating Asymmetry And Developmental Rate As Indicators Of Developmental Stability In Drosophila Melanogaster, Carrie N. Reaver

Longwood Senior Theses

Developmental stability is the ability of an individual to maintain proper development despite various environmental conditions, and thus has important implications for the health of an individual. Individuals with less stable development are thought to be at higher risk for developing non-communicable disease, such as diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease, during adolescence and adulthood. In bilateral organisms, developmental stability can be assessed by measuring deviations from perfect symmetry between the left and right sides of the body, known as Fluctuating Asymmetry. In this project, we measured the developmental rate and Fluctuating Asymmetry of Drosophila melanogaster while subjected to varying metabolic …

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Life History Divergence In Livebearing Fishes In Response To Predation: Is There A Microevolution To Macroevolution Barrier?, Mark C. Belk, Spencer J. Ingley, Jerald B. Johnson May 2020

Life History Divergence In Livebearing Fishes In Response To Predation: Is There A Microevolution To Macroevolution Barrier?, Mark C. Belk, Spencer J. Ingley, Jerald B. Johnson

Faculty Publications

A central problem in evolutionary biology is to determine whether adaptive phenotypic variation within species (microevolution) ultimately gives rise to new species (macroevolution). Predation environment can select for trait divergence among populations within species. The implied hypothesis is that the selection resulting from predation environment that creates population divergence within species would continue across the speciation boundary such that patterns of divergence after speciation would be a magnified accumulation of the trait variation observed before speciation. In this paper, we test for congruence in the mechanisms of microevolution and macroevolution by comparing the patterns of life history divergence among three …

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Investigating Reproductive Success And Endocrine Regulation Of Mating Strategies In Male Japanese Medaka, Lauren Closs May 2020

Investigating Reproductive Success And Endocrine Regulation Of Mating Strategies In Male Japanese Medaka, Lauren Closs

Departmental Honors & Graduate Capstone Projects

Mate guarding, when two males compete for one female, is a reproductive strategy seen across a variety of vertebrate species. This often leads to hierarchical relationships, in which one male exerts dominance over other, subordinate males. However, the physiological mechanisms that promote dominance or subordinance in males remain largely unexplored. This study investigates the reproductive success and endocrine signals of these reproductive strategies in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). To identify dominant and subordinate males, triads consisting of two males of different genotypes and one female were observed repeatedly for 5 days. Male reproductive success was determined by genotyping …

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Rapid Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing Platform For Direct Clinical Samples, Terrance Zhang May 2020

Rapid Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing Platform For Direct Clinical Samples, Terrance Zhang

Honors Scholar Theses

Infectious diseases and septicemia are two of the major causes of death in the U.S., necessitating rapid treatment of septic patients with proper, efficacious antibiotics. Unfortunately, the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria are continuously being aggravated by an abuse in antibiotic prescription at a clinical and agricultural level. It is known that antibiotic resistance evolves through the sequential accumulation of multiple mutations in bacteria, which is accentuated by prolonged exposure of bacteria to ineffective antibiotics when implementing traditional septicemia treatment. The goal of this project is to develop a novel, easy-to-use AST platform for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility profiling to …

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Bacteremediation: Using Naturally-Occurring Diesel-Degrading Bacteria To Clean Oil Spills, Fernando Cabezas May 2020

Bacteremediation: Using Naturally-Occurring Diesel-Degrading Bacteria To Clean Oil Spills, Fernando Cabezas

Departmental Honors & Graduate Capstone Projects

Sand samples from the intertidal zone of beaches surrounding the Norfolk Naval Station were used to isolate 19 diesel-degrading bacteria. The isolation of these bacteria indicates that diesel contamination in Hampton Roads has impacted the bacterial community of its beach sands, and these bacteria could be used as markers of diesel contamination. In addition to these isolates, 3 marine-diesel-degrading bacteria were also isolated from unfiltered, contaminated marine diesel that was being used to test the hydrocarbon-degrading capabilities of the diesel degraders. Only one of the marine diesel degraders, “Salmon”, can directly grow on Bushnell Haas medium with marine diesel as …

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Utilization Of The Cell Penetrating Peptide Tat-Cam In New Biological Systems: Fungal And Bacterial Cell Lines, Krista Barbour May 2020

Utilization Of The Cell Penetrating Peptide Tat-Cam In New Biological Systems: Fungal And Bacterial Cell Lines, Krista Barbour

Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses

Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are biomolecular vehicles or systems that mediate the delivery of proteins into different cell lines. Since their discovery in the late 1980s, the CPP delivery system has primarily been explored in different types of mammalian cells. The technology has demonstrated promise in providing itself as an alternative delivery mechanism to transport biomolecules into different mammalian cell lines. CPPs have previously been shown to penetrate the cell membranes of fungi and bacteria, however, CPP mediated delivery of other proteins and biomolecules into these two microorganisms have yet to be explored. In this thesis project, this phenomenon is …

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Investigating The Redox Sensitivity Of Mitf Splice Variants, Rachel Berryman May 2020

Investigating The Redox Sensitivity Of Mitf Splice Variants, Rachel Berryman

Senior Theses

Within pigment-producing cells known as melanocytes, the transcription factor MITF is intimately involved in regulating genes associated with cell cycle maintenance and melanocyte differentiation. Research, however, has provided conflicting results on the relationship between the expression levels of MITF and melanocyte cell fate. To complicate matters, two splice variants of MITF exist, differing by only 18 base pairs. These variants have been observed at variable levels of expression in melanocyte and melanoma cells, raising the question as to their functional purpose. Building upon previous research by the Leachman/Cassidy lab that identified the redox sensitivity of MITF while additionally establishing a …

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Effect Of Soil Moisture On Arrowleaf Balsamroot, Balsamorhiza Sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. Establishment, Sarah E. Hill May 2020

Effect Of Soil Moisture On Arrowleaf Balsamroot, Balsamorhiza Sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. Establishment, Sarah E. Hill

2020 Symposium Posters

Every spring, Arrowleaf Balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.) dots the landscape across the inland Pacific Northwest. Balsamroot’s copious blooms, numerous leaves, long lifespan, and resilience once established, make it popular in restoration seed mixes, although balsamroot displays erratic germination in the restoration context. Understanding the effects of variables, like the availability of soil moisture on the germination and establishment of balsamroot, could provide insights into the successes of restoration plantings, or planning. This study examines the relationship between soil moisture availability and balsamroot establishment, tracking growth and survival of balsamroot seedlings during their first season, across a range of …

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Direct And Indirect Effects Of A Common Cyanobacterial Toxin On Amphibian-Echinostome Dynamics, Nicholas Buss, Matthew Wersebe, Jessica Hua May 2020

Direct And Indirect Effects Of A Common Cyanobacterial Toxin On Amphibian-Echinostome Dynamics, Nicholas Buss, Matthew Wersebe, Jessica Hua

Biological Sciences Student Scholarship

Wildlife diseases are emerging at unprecedented rates. While there are likely several factors at play, human-mediated environmental alterations may play a significant role. Of growing interest is the effect that microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a cyanotoxin, may have on disease outcomes. In this study, using an amphibian-trematode model we examined (1) the lethal effects of MC-LR on cercariae of trematodes; (2) the sublethal effects of MC-LR exposure on the ability for trematodes to infect green frog tadpoles; and (3) the sublethal effects of MC-LR on green frog tadpole susceptibility to trematodes. We found that environmentally-relevant concentrations of MC-LR at 50, 100, and …

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Parasite Susceptibility In An Amphibian Host Is Modified By Salinization And Predators, Nicholas Buss, Jessica Hua May 2020

Parasite Susceptibility In An Amphibian Host Is Modified By Salinization And Predators, Nicholas Buss, Jessica Hua

Biological Sciences Student Scholarship

Secondary salinization represents a global threat to freshwater ecosystems. Salts, such as NaCl, can be toxic to freshwater organisms and may also modify the outcome of species interactions (e.g. host-parasite interactions). In nature, hosts and their parasites are embedded in complex communities where they face anthropogenic and biotic (i.e. predators) stressors that influence host-parasite interactions. As human populations grow, considering how anthropogenic and natural stressors interact to shape host-parasite interactions will become increasingly important. We conducted two experiments investigating: (1) the effects of NaCl on tadpole susceptibility to trematodes and (2) whether density- and trait-mediated effects of a parasite-predator (i.e. …

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Sylvan Dell Nature Preserve Project, Brian Quinn, Katie Wisotsky, Huthaifa Aladwan May 2020

Sylvan Dell Nature Preserve Project, Brian Quinn, Katie Wisotsky, Huthaifa Aladwan

Sylvan Dell Field Station Student Projects

The Sylvan Dell Nature Preserve and Farm in South Williamsport, PA. Sylvan Dell is a 229 acre plot of farmland that contains a wetland on the south section of the property. It lies just south of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River. The first humans we know of to settle on this land were the Susquehannock and later the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Native Americans. In the late 18th century, white settlers took the land away from the Haudenosaunee. In the 20th century, the famous ornithologist Robert Porter Allen was influenced by the broad range of bird species that would visit …

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Primer Bias In Finding Fungal Diversity In An Artificial Biome, Jason Krastins May 2020

Primer Bias In Finding Fungal Diversity In An Artificial Biome, Jason Krastins

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Studying soil microbial diversity in tropical ecosystems is of high importance to understanding global nutrient cycling. Soil microbes, as decomposers, are primary contributors to terrestrial nutrient cycling. In tropical systems, warm, moist conditions create ideal environments for microbial growth year-round. However, the ability to study these topics in the field is limited by the remoteness and ruggedness of many tropical forest locations, combined with the highly changeable and difficult-to-control conditions present in the field. To that end, proxy study systems have been created that allow researchers to approximate natural conditions, but with better accessibility in terms of location and controllability. …

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Symbiosis Between Arabidopsis Thaliana And Colletotrichum Tofieldiae For Enhanced Phytoremediation Of Indoor Volatile Organic Compounds, Emre Ovet May 2020

Symbiosis Between Arabidopsis Thaliana And Colletotrichum Tofieldiae For Enhanced Phytoremediation Of Indoor Volatile Organic Compounds, Emre Ovet

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Arabidopsis thaliana, a small flowering plant native to Eurasia and Africa, is known to have the ability to reduce the concentrations of elemental pollutants such as mercury, lead, and cadmium and organic pollutants like benzene, trichloroethylene, and xylene from air and soil. This particular process of pollutant treatment is known as phytoremediation. There have been a number of studies investigating the beneficial effects of mycorrhizal fungi on phytoremediation, but almost all of these studies focused on heavy metal phytoremediation in soil. Despite these promising findings, the effect of plant-fungal symbioses on organic pollutant removal from air has not yet been …

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Effects Of Plant Distribution On The Foraging Behavior Of Pollinators, Evangelina Bahu May 2020

Effects Of Plant Distribution On The Foraging Behavior Of Pollinators, Evangelina Bahu

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Understanding floral constancy is a vital tool used to establish foraging behavior among pollinators in urban and natural landscapes. Floral constancy is defined as the tendency of a pollinator to exclusively visit a specific floral species. Pollinators that show higher levels of floral constancy are more likely to transfer conspecific pollen. On the other hand, lower levels of floral constancy are associated with pollinators who transfer heterospecific pollen. We conducted two studies, the first aimed to find the effects of urbanization on plant-pollinator interactions. From our research, we were able to uncover a pattern that showed pollinators to carry a …

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Gpr160 De-Orphanization Reveals Critical Roles In Neuropathic Pain In Rodents, Gina L.C. Yosten, Caron M. Harada, Chris Haddock, Luigino Antonio Giancotti, Grant R. Kolar, Ryan Patel, Chun Guo, Zhoumou Chen, Jinsong Zhang, Timothy M. Doyle, Anthony H. Dickenson, Willis K. Samson, Daniela Salvemini May 2020

Gpr160 De-Orphanization Reveals Critical Roles In Neuropathic Pain In Rodents, Gina L.C. Yosten, Caron M. Harada, Chris Haddock, Luigino Antonio Giancotti, Grant R. Kolar, Ryan Patel, Chun Guo, Zhoumou Chen, Jinsong Zhang, Timothy M. Doyle, Anthony H. Dickenson, Willis K. Samson, Daniela Salvemini

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Treating neuropathic pain is challenging and novel non-opioid-based medicines are needed. Using unbiased receptomics, transcriptomic analyses, immunofluorescence, and in situ hybridization, we found that the expression of the orphan GPCR Gpr160 and GPR160 increased in the rodent dorsal horn of the spinal cord following traumatic nerve injury. Genetic and immunopharmacological approaches demonstrated that GPR160 inhibition in the spinal cord prevented and reversed neuropathic pain in male and female rodents without altering normal pain response. GPR160 inhibition in the spinal cord attenuated sensory processing in the thalamus, a key relay in the sensory discriminative pathways of pain. We also identified cocaine- …

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Ecological Analyses Of Macroinvertebrates And Fish Species In Six Streams On A Louisiana Military Base From 2001 To 2019, Danielle Joerger May 2020

Ecological Analyses Of Macroinvertebrates And Fish Species In Six Streams On A Louisiana Military Base From 2001 To 2019, Danielle Joerger

Biology Theses

An in-depth ecological analysis of how and why the aquatic community changes over time was conducted for 6 streams on the Fort Polk military base in Louisiana using data collected from 2001 to 2019. Fort Polk is a unique location as nineteen first-order streams are located on the premises belonging to three separate drainages. The primary goal was to determine whether temporal or between-drainage variation has a larger effect on community structure. To accomplish this the effects of disturbance on fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages was determined temporally and between drainages. Several hypotheses were drawn from this: 1) temporally, assemblages exhibit …

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Gascoyne Demersal Scalefish Resource: Oceanic Pink Snapper Recovery Plan 2018-2037, Department Of Fisheries May 2020

Gascoyne Demersal Scalefish Resource: Oceanic Pink Snapper Recovery Plan 2018-2037, Department Of Fisheries

Fisheries Management Papers

No abstract provided.

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Draft : Estuarine And Nearshore Finfish Resource Of South-West Western Australia Harvest Strategy : 2020-2025 : Version 2.0, Department Of Fisheries May 2020

Draft : Estuarine And Nearshore Finfish Resource Of South-West Western Australia Harvest Strategy : 2020-2025 : Version 2.0, Department Of Fisheries

Fisheries Management Papers

No abstract provided.

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Draft : Blue Swimmer Crab Resource Of South-West Western Australia Harvest Strategy : 2020-2025 : Version 2.0, Department Of Fisheries May 2020

Draft : Blue Swimmer Crab Resource Of South-West Western Australia Harvest Strategy : 2020-2025 : Version 2.0, Department Of Fisheries

Fisheries Management Papers

No abstract provided.

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Genetic Analysis Of Flower Color Differences Between A Hummingbird-Pollinated And A Self-Pollinated Monkeyflower (Mimulus) Species, Caitlin Foster May 2020

Genetic Analysis Of Flower Color Differences Between A Hummingbird-Pollinated And A Self-Pollinated Monkeyflower (Mimulus) Species, Caitlin Foster

University Scholar Projects

Flower color plays an important role in pollinator discrimination and speciation. Understanding the genetic contributions to flower color differences between two closely related species, Mimulus cardinalis and Mimulus parishii, can improve understanding of how they developed different pollination syndromes and diverged from a recent common ancestor. M. cardinalis is hummingbird-pollinated and has large, bright red flowers while M. parishii is self-pollinated and has small, pale pink flowers. An F2 hybrid population between these two species was created to establish a platform for analysis of the genetic architecture controlling the differences in anthocyanin pigmentation. Statistical analysis of anthocyanin concentration distribution …

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Population And Reproductive Dynamics Of Zebra Mussels (Dreissena Polymorpha) In Texas Reservoirs: Predicting The Sustainability Of Zebra Mussel Populations In Warmer Waters, Heather Mae Arterburn May 2020

Population And Reproductive Dynamics Of Zebra Mussels (Dreissena Polymorpha) In Texas Reservoirs: Predicting The Sustainability Of Zebra Mussel Populations In Warmer Waters, Heather Mae Arterburn

Biology Dissertations - Archive

Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) are highly invasive freshwater bivalve mollusks, introduced to the United Sates in the late 1980’s, and known for forming dense colonies that can encrust boat hulls and motors, damage docks and marinas, and occlude raw water lines and intake pipes. In 2009, zebra mussels were discovered in Lake Texoma, TX/OK and have since infested twenty other lakes in Texas. Never before have zebra mussels been found in waters as warm as those in Texas, leading scientists, resource managers, and regulatory agencies to question the pervasiveness and persistence of this species in warm southwestern water bodies. To …

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