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2016

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Articles 1231 - 1260 of 1869

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Road-Edge Effects On Herpetofauna In A Lowland Amazonian Rainforest, Ross J. Maynard, Nathalie C. Aall, Daniel Saenz, Paul S. Hamilton, Matthew Kwiatkowski Jan 2016

Road-Edge Effects On Herpetofauna In A Lowland Amazonian Rainforest, Ross J. Maynard, Nathalie C. Aall, Daniel Saenz, Paul S. Hamilton, Matthew Kwiatkowski

Faculty Publications

The impact of roads on the flora and fauna of Neotropical rainforest is perhaps the single biggest driver of habitat modification and population declines in these ecosystems. We investigated the road-edge effect of a low-use dirt road on amphibian and reptile abundance, diversity, and composition within adjacent lowland Amazonian rainforest at San José de Payamino, Ecuador. The road has been closed to vehicle traffic since its construction in 2010. Thus, effects from vehicle mortality, vehicle-related pollution, and road noise were not confounding factors. Herpetofauna were surveyed using both visual encounter surveys and drift fences with pitfall and funnel traps at …

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Zootaxa: Guide To The Parasites Of Fishes Of Canada Part V: Nematoda, Hisao P. Arai, John W. Smith Jan 2016

Zootaxa: Guide To The Parasites Of Fishes Of Canada Part V: Nematoda, Hisao P. Arai, John W. Smith

Biology Faculty Publications

Keys are provided for the identification of the nematode species known to be parasites of Canadian fishes. The nematodes are described and illustrated, with a note of the site(s) they occupy in named fish host(s) and their geographical distribution. Parasite records are given by author and date, full details of which can be found in a bibliography of over 800 references. Diagnoses and keys for 22 Families, 47 genera and 88 species of nematodes are also given, together with a glossary of terms, a host-parasite list, and indices to both nematode parasites and hosts

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Downregulation Of Cystathionine γ Lyase And Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase And Reduced Responsiveness Of α1a Adrenergic Receptors In The Kidneys Of Left Ventricular Hypertrophied Wistar Kyoto Rats, Ashfaq Ahmad, Munavvar Abdul Sattar, Hassaan Anwer Rathore, Safia Akhtar Khan, Nor Azizan Abdullah, Edward James Johns Jan 2016

Downregulation Of Cystathionine γ Lyase And Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase And Reduced Responsiveness Of α1a Adrenergic Receptors In The Kidneys Of Left Ventricular Hypertrophied Wistar Kyoto Rats, Ashfaq Ahmad, Munavvar Abdul Sattar, Hassaan Anwer Rathore, Safia Akhtar Khan, Nor Azizan Abdullah, Edward James Johns

Turkish Journal of Biology

This article explores the relationship between the renal expression of cystathionine gamma lyase (CSE) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the responsiveness of α1A adrenergic receptors in the renal vasculature following left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in rats. LVH was established by administering isoprenaline (5 mg/kg, 5 injections subcutaneously, 72 h apart) with 62 mg/L caffeine in drinking water for 2 weeks. Renal vasoconstrictor responses were measured using local administration of adrenergic agonists noradrenaline (NA), phenylephrine (PE), and methoxamine (ME) and the selective α1A adrenergic antagonist 5-methylurapidil (5-MeU). Mean arterial blood pressure was higher (144 ± 9 vs. 116 ± …

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Cloning And Abiotic Stress Resistance Analyses Of A New Proline-Glycine-Alaninehistidine-Rich Protein Gene From Ipomoea Batatas (L.) Lam., Xiang Tao, Bin Yong, Huan-Huan Shao, Xin-Rong Ma Jan 2016

Cloning And Abiotic Stress Resistance Analyses Of A New Proline-Glycine-Alaninehistidine-Rich Protein Gene From Ipomoea Batatas (L.) Lam., Xiang Tao, Bin Yong, Huan-Huan Shao, Xin-Rong Ma

Turkish Journal of Biology

Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] is one of the top six most important crops in the world in terms of production. It has the capacity to tolerate marginal growing conditions better than most other crops. In this study, a proline- and glycine-rich protein encoding gene, IbPGAHRP1, was isolated and characterized from the transcriptome of sweet potato cultivar Xushu 18. Sequence analyses showed that proline, glycine, alanine, and histidine account for 62.6% of the total amino acid residues. Two proline-rich tandem repeats, an alanine-rich repeat, a histidine-rich tandem repeat, and five XYPP motifs were present in IbPGAHRP1. Sequence similarity analysis …

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Effect Of Polyamines On Somatic Embryogenesis Via Mature Embryo In Wheat, Murat Aydin, Arash Hossein Pour, Kami̇l Hali̇loğlu, Meti̇n Tosun Jan 2016

Effect Of Polyamines On Somatic Embryogenesis Via Mature Embryo In Wheat, Murat Aydin, Arash Hossein Pour, Kami̇l Hali̇loğlu, Meti̇n Tosun

Turkish Journal of Biology

Plant tissue culture via somatic embryogenesis plays a key role in wheat genetic transformation studies. Therefore, the production of embryogenic calli with a high regeneration capacity is a prerequisite for efficient plant regeneration. Although immature embryos are the best type of explants for plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis, the use of mature embryos has remarkable advantages compared to immature embryos as explants. However, the regeneration capacity of mature embryos is still lower than that of immature embryos. Plant regeneration from somatic embryos can only occur when they are mature enough. Moreover, the maturation of somatic embryos and their conversion into …

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High Levels Of Polyphosphate Kinase Affect Not Only Endotoxin Production But Also Acid Tolerance Of Bacillus Thuringiensis, Tuğrul Doruk, Zeynep Gi̇rgi̇n Ersoy, Mehmet Sali̇m Öncel, Sedef Tunca Gedi̇k Jan 2016

High Levels Of Polyphosphate Kinase Affect Not Only Endotoxin Production But Also Acid Tolerance Of Bacillus Thuringiensis, Tuğrul Doruk, Zeynep Gi̇rgi̇n Ersoy, Mehmet Sali̇m Öncel, Sedef Tunca Gedi̇k

Turkish Journal of Biology

Inorganic phosphate is stored as a polyphosphate (polyP) polymer inside every living cell. This polymer is synthesized by the polyP kinase (PPK) enzyme using the terminal phosphate of ATP as substrate and it performs important functions in the cell. In this study, effects of high levels of PPK on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis were analyzed. Recombinant Bti ppk, a PPK overproducer, was found to uptake more phosphate into the cell and produce a consistently higher amount of endotoxin than the wild type under culture conditions including a range of temperatures (25 °C, 30 °C, and 37 °C), pH values (pH …

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Copper Enriches Efficacy Of Dp44mt In Breast Cancer Cells, Ufuk Özer Jan 2016

Copper Enriches Efficacy Of Dp44mt In Breast Cancer Cells, Ufuk Özer

Turkish Journal of Biology

Neoplastic cells need essential metals, such as iron and copper, for cellular functions and rapid growth. Metal chelation and changes in their redox cycle in favor of oxidative stress may be critical for making these cells vulnerable to cell death. The HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cell line, MCF7-HER2, and its vehicle control, MCF7-vec cells, were treated with CuCl2, FeSO4, and Dp44mT. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in response to these chemicals was detected with flow cytometry, and cell viability was measured by MTT assay in the cells. ROS levels were relatively increased by Dp44mT in the cells, and this was reversed …

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Identification And Cloning Of Highly Epitopic Regions Of Clostridium Novyi Alpha Toxin, Najme Gord Noshahri, Mohsen Fathi Najafi, Ali Makhdoumi Kakhki, Behjat Majidi, Mohsen Mehrvarz Jan 2016

Identification And Cloning Of Highly Epitopic Regions Of Clostridium Novyi Alpha Toxin, Najme Gord Noshahri, Mohsen Fathi Najafi, Ali Makhdoumi Kakhki, Behjat Majidi, Mohsen Mehrvarz

Turkish Journal of Biology

The aim of the present study is to provide a strategy for predicting the production of antigenic regions of Clostridium novyi alpha toxin. The selection is based on B-cell epitopes and MHCII binding protein by immunoinformatics tools. The study resulted in identifying antigenic regions in the beginning and middle (3-17 and 965-997 amino acid residues) as suitable binders to MHCII and the carboxyl terminal of the protein (1800-1958 amino acid residues) in B-cell epitopes. The appropriate region in B-cell epitopes was chosen for cloning. The presence of recombinant protein was detected with immunological methods. Subsequently, BALB/C mice were immunized with …

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Plantlet Regeneration From Young Leaf Segments Of Curaua (Ananas Erectifolius), An Amazon Species, Carolina Moreira, Helena Andrade, Suzan Bertolucci, Osmar Lameira, Aliyu Mohammed, José Eduardo Pinto Jan 2016

Plantlet Regeneration From Young Leaf Segments Of Curaua (Ananas Erectifolius), An Amazon Species, Carolina Moreira, Helena Andrade, Suzan Bertolucci, Osmar Lameira, Aliyu Mohammed, José Eduardo Pinto

Turkish Journal of Biology

The present study reports the first efficient in vitro regeneration of Ananas erectifolius via indirect organogenesis. Leaf segments (leaf base, middle, and apex) excised from 3- or 5-week-old in vitro plantlets were cultured on 1/4 strength MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. The explants were also exposed to pulse treatment with thidiazuron (TDZ) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) for different periods of time. The results showed that using juvenile rather than old explants enhanced the frequency of callus induction (35.0% and 16.0%, respectively). Among the explant types tested, only leaf base segments induced calli; the …

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High Dietary Fructose Load Aggravates Lipid Metabolism In The Liver Of Wistar Rats Through Imbalance Between Lipogenesis And Fatty Acid Oxidation, Ana Teofilovic, Biljana Bursac, Ana Djordjevic, Danijela Vojnovic Milutinovic, Gordana Matic, Natasa Velickovic Jan 2016

High Dietary Fructose Load Aggravates Lipid Metabolism In The Liver Of Wistar Rats Through Imbalance Between Lipogenesis And Fatty Acid Oxidation, Ana Teofilovic, Biljana Bursac, Ana Djordjevic, Danijela Vojnovic Milutinovic, Gordana Matic, Natasa Velickovic

Turkish Journal of Biology

Fructose ingestion is often associated with hepatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia. The homeostasis of hepatic lipids is mainly determined by the interplay of lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation. In this study, we hypothesized that high fructose intake disturbs hepatic lipid metabolism through an imbalance between these processes. Therefore, we analyzed the effects of a 9-week-long consumption of a 60% fructose solution on physiological parameters, glycemia, and blood lipid profiles in male Wistar rats. The expression of key regulators of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and lipogenesis in the liver were assessed by western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results showed …

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Preparation And Characterization Of Acellular Porcinepericardium For Cardiovascular Surgery, Ha Le Bao Tran, Trang Thi Huyen Dinh, My Thi Ngoc Nguyen, Quan Minh To, Anh Tho Tuan Pham Jan 2016

Preparation And Characterization Of Acellular Porcinepericardium For Cardiovascular Surgery, Ha Le Bao Tran, Trang Thi Huyen Dinh, My Thi Ngoc Nguyen, Quan Minh To, Anh Tho Tuan Pham

Turkish Journal of Biology

The aim of this study was to fabricate and characterize acellular porcine pericardium that can be used to patch cardiovascular repair. Porcine pericardial tissues were treated with 10 mM Tris-HCl and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at different concentrations and time intervals. The optimal decellularization protocol was determined according to elimination of cellular components and DNA via histology and DNA quantification, respectively. There were no significant changes in stress and fracture strain after decellularization. Liquid extracts from the decellularized pericardium caused no cytotoxicity towards human fibroblasts, were capable of supporting an appropriate attachment of human endothelial progenitor cells, and did not …

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Cytotoxic Effects Of Peanut Phenolic Compounds Possessing Histone Deacetylase Inhibitory Activity On Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines, Somprasong Saenglee, Sanun Jogloy, A. Patanothai, Thanaset Senawong Jan 2016

Cytotoxic Effects Of Peanut Phenolic Compounds Possessing Histone Deacetylase Inhibitory Activity On Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines, Somprasong Saenglee, Sanun Jogloy, A. Patanothai, Thanaset Senawong

Turkish Journal of Biology

Phenolic compounds present in our diet play an important role in colon cancer chemoprevention. Previous results demonstrated that peanut testa extract inhibited both histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and the growth of colon cancer cells. In this study, four identified phenolic compounds in peanut testae (resveratrol, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and sinapinic acid) were investigated for their HDAC inhibitory and anticancer activities against colon cancer cell lines. In vitro study revealed that resveratrol exhibited the greatest HDAC inhibitory activity. Molecular docking studies demonstrated that all four compounds could bind both HDAC1 and HDAC2. Resveratrol exhibited the most effective antiproliferative activity against …

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The Sensitivity Of 5-Formylcytosine To Doxorubicin Regardless Of Dna Damage, Selcen Çeli̇k Uzuner, Chris O'Neill Jan 2016

The Sensitivity Of 5-Formylcytosine To Doxorubicin Regardless Of Dna Damage, Selcen Çeli̇k Uzuner, Chris O'Neill

Turkish Journal of Biology

We have previously shown that DNA damage induced by doxorubicin was associated with an increase in the level of DNA methylation, 5meC, in mouse embryonic fibroblasts using a developed immunostaining methodology. Doxorubicin (also known as adriamycin), which induces double-strand DNA breaks, has been widely used in cancer therapy. Cytosine modifications are dynamically regulated in the genome during lifespan, but abnormal changes in the 5meC pattern can be associated with diseases in particular cancer progressions and DNA damage. One of the side effects of cancer therapy is that chemotherapeutic agents can damage healthy cells as well as cancerous cells. In this …

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Selective Suppression Of Tumor Cells By A Tumor-Specific Bicistronic Lentiviral Vector, Saeed Ranjbar, Mohammad Sadegh Hashemzadeh, Shahryar Khoshtinat Nikkhoi, Alireza Farasat, Mahdi Tat, Majdedin Ghalavand, Ruhollah Dorostkar Jan 2016

Selective Suppression Of Tumor Cells By A Tumor-Specific Bicistronic Lentiviral Vector, Saeed Ranjbar, Mohammad Sadegh Hashemzadeh, Shahryar Khoshtinat Nikkhoi, Alireza Farasat, Mahdi Tat, Majdedin Ghalavand, Ruhollah Dorostkar

Turkish Journal of Biology

Lentiviral gene delivery is now considered as a major candidate in the future of cancer therapy. To avoid common side-effects associated with methods of cancer therapy, the survivin promoter shows great promise due to its high expression level in multiple cancers. In this research, using a 2A peptide, Noxa was coexpressed with hemagglutinin neuraminidase (HN) driven by the survivin promoter (Surp). Coding genes of Noxa and HN were connected to the upstream and downstream of a 2A peptide using SOE PCR. After cloning of Noxa-2A-HN and Surp into the lentiviral vector, the final construct was transfected to SK-BR3 tumor cells …

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Changes In The Levels Of Liver Hsp70, Plasma Nitric Oxide, And The Antioxidative System In An Experimentally Induced Endotoxemia Mouse Model And The Role Of Reduced Glutathione, Temel İlgün, Kezban Yildiz Dalginli, Canan Gülmez, Onur Ataki̇şi̇ Jan 2016

Changes In The Levels Of Liver Hsp70, Plasma Nitric Oxide, And The Antioxidative System In An Experimentally Induced Endotoxemia Mouse Model And The Role Of Reduced Glutathione, Temel İlgün, Kezban Yildiz Dalginli, Canan Gülmez, Onur Ataki̇şi̇

Turkish Journal of Biology

Endotoxin molecules in lipopolysaccharides are among most important molecules that initiate a cascade of events in sepsis/endotoxemia. Lipopolysaccharide exposure may result in strong immune responses, disrupt the intracellular oxidant/antioxidant balance, and cause excessive reactive oxygen species generation. The purpose of the study was to examine if reduced glutathione (GSH) has a protective role against lipopolysaccharides. The effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or GSH alone or in combination on the levels of the plasma antioxidant system, NO, and liver HSP70 were investigated. A total of 100 Swiss albino mice were divided into 4 groups as Group I (control), Group II (20 μg/kg …

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Cytotoxicity And Antibiofilm Activity Of Sio2/Cellulose Derivative Hybrid Materials Containing Silver Nanoparticles, Tsvetelina Angelova, Nadezhda Rangelova, Veselina Uzunova, Nelly Georgieva, Tonya Andreeva, Albena Momchilova, Rumiana Tzoneva, Rudolf Müller Jan 2016

Cytotoxicity And Antibiofilm Activity Of Sio2/Cellulose Derivative Hybrid Materials Containing Silver Nanoparticles, Tsvetelina Angelova, Nadezhda Rangelova, Veselina Uzunova, Nelly Georgieva, Tonya Andreeva, Albena Momchilova, Rumiana Tzoneva, Rudolf Müller

Turkish Journal of Biology

Hybrid materials based on tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) with silver nanoparticles were synthesized. They were analyzed and characterized using differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry, atomic force microscopy, and static contact angle measurements. It was experimentally demonstrated that the silver-doped hybrid materials have pronounced antibacterial behavior by studying the reduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm formation on the tested materials. The results revealed biofilm reduction of 35.7% and 30% by SiO2/HPC/2.5% Ag and SiO2/HPMC/2.5% Ag hybrid materials, respectively, compared to the control. Cytotoxicity of examined materials and actin cytoskeleton organization of fibroblasts seeded on …

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Comparison Of Phototoxic Effects Of Hypericin-Mediated Photodynamictherapy In Ht-29 And Caco-2 Colon Cancer Cells, Aysun Kiliç Süloğlu, Güldeni̇z Selmanoğlu, Şükran Yilmaz, Hande Canpinar Jan 2016

Comparison Of Phototoxic Effects Of Hypericin-Mediated Photodynamictherapy In Ht-29 And Caco-2 Colon Cancer Cells, Aysun Kiliç Süloğlu, Güldeni̇z Selmanoğlu, Şükran Yilmaz, Hande Canpinar

Turkish Journal of Biology

Hypericin (HYP) is a plant-derived photosensitizer. HYP is preferentially taken up by tumor cells. We designed this study to compare HYP-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) in HT-29 and Caco-2 colon cell lines. Cells were treated with 0.04, 0.08, and 0.15 μM HYP concentrations and irradiated. The effect of HYP on metabolic profiles, alterations in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, and cell cycle progression was investigated for the first time. Changes in glucose consumption, lactate production, and LDH leakage were analyzed. HYP-induced cell death was quantified by double staining (acridine orange/propidium iodide) and alterations in cell cycle regulation were analyzed with flow cytometry …

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Enhancement Of Direct Shoot Regeneration And Determination Of Bioactivesecondary Metabolites In Leaves Of Galega Officinalis L., Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Günce Ci̇ngöz, Arzu Türker Jan 2016

Enhancement Of Direct Shoot Regeneration And Determination Of Bioactivesecondary Metabolites In Leaves Of Galega Officinalis L., Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Günce Ci̇ngöz, Arzu Türker

Turkish Journal of Biology

Galega officinalis L. is a medicinal plant being used as a galactagogue and an antidiabetic in folk medicine. A new effective micropropagation protocol was established from leaf, stem, node, and root explants of G. officinalis for in vitro plant regeneration and callus induction systems. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 55 various concentrations and 4 different combinations [benzyl adenine (BA)/naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), BA/indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), thidiazuron (TDZ)/indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and TDZ/IAA] of plant growth regulators was used for the regeneration systems. The regenerated shoots were observed on only nodal explants through direct organogenesis at the 35th day. The …

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The Effects Of Nutrient And Macronutrient Stress On Certain Secondary Metabolite Accumulations And Redox Regulation In Callus Cultures Of Bellis Perennis L., Günce Ci̇ngöz, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş Jan 2016

The Effects Of Nutrient And Macronutrient Stress On Certain Secondary Metabolite Accumulations And Redox Regulation In Callus Cultures Of Bellis Perennis L., Günce Ci̇ngöz, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş

Turkish Journal of Biology

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nutrient and macronutrient stress on complex variations in the phenolic profile and antioxidant status of Bellis perennis L. callus cultures. To obtain stress conditions, callus cultures were grown under insufficient nutrient conditions (different strengths of MS medium) or under conditions of limiting calcium (-Ca), magnesium (-Mg), or both (-Ca & -Mg). Phenolic content of callus cultures obtained from different stress treatments was detected quantitatively by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. The major compound was chlorogenic acid in all treatments. The accumulation of hesperidin, rutin hydrate, and chlorogenic acid was significantly induced …

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Carbohydrate Deprivation Upsurges The Expression Of Genes Responsible For Programmed Cell Death In Inflorescence Tissues Of Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.), Walter Ajambang, Hugo Volkaert, Sudarsono Sudarsono Jan 2016

Carbohydrate Deprivation Upsurges The Expression Of Genes Responsible For Programmed Cell Death In Inflorescence Tissues Of Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.), Walter Ajambang, Hugo Volkaert, Sudarsono Sudarsono

Turkish Journal of Biology

The aim of this present study was to analyze global gene expression from a developing inflorescence of oil palm under complete defoliation stress. We used the Illumina platform to sequence six cDNA libraries of defoliated and nondefoliated tissues. The frequency of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) decreased with increasing fold change at P ≤ 0.05. Gene ontology analysis revealed that about 15% of all DEGs were responsible for stress response while 13.9% of genes were responsible for cell organization and developmental processes. DAVID functional analysis clustering of DEGs identified a higher enrichment score (ES) for cellular response to stress (ES = …

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Trpc1 Ion Channel Gene Regulates Store-Operated Calcium Entryand Proliferation In Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells, Yasemi̇n Erac, Cigdem Selli, Meti̇ner Tosun Jan 2016

Trpc1 Ion Channel Gene Regulates Store-Operated Calcium Entryand Proliferation In Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells, Yasemi̇n Erac, Cigdem Selli, Meti̇ner Tosun

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study investigates whether the reciprocal changes in transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC)1 and TRPC6 expressions, which have previously been observed in aging rat aorta, are functional in store-operated calcium (SOC) entry and proliferation in human vascular smooth muscle cells. TRPC1 levels were modulated via silencing and overexpression vectors in human primary aortic smooth muscle cells. Following TRPC1 gene modulation, TRPC1 and TRPC6 expression levels were measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. In functional analyses, real-time changes in intracellular calcium levels and cell proliferation were determined. Microarray analysis was performed to identify genes associated with functional alterations following TRPC1 silencing. TRPC1 …

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Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Anther Culture: Fundamentalresearch And Practical Applications, Teodora Popova Irikova, Spyridon Kintzios, Stanislava Grozeva, Velichka Rodeva Jan 2016

Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Anther Culture: Fundamentalresearch And Practical Applications, Teodora Popova Irikova, Spyridon Kintzios, Stanislava Grozeva, Velichka Rodeva

Turkish Journal of Biology

To create new varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stress factors that possess high productivity and improved fruit quality, breeders require modern breeding methods and techniques. Double haploid (DH) lines are an invaluable breeding element due to their guaranteed, completely homozygous nature. One of the fastest methods for obtaining DH lines is anther culture. Microspore embryogenesis provides considerable opportunities in the areas of breeding and biotechnology and represents a model system for fundamental biological research. The effectiveness of pepper anther culture is still low, which affects the application of DH lines in breeding programs. A detailed study of the anther …

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A New Reliable And Sensitive Nested Pcr Assay Based On The Human Sry Gene For Detection Of Interspecific Chimeras, Jie Yu, Kaijing Li, Main Huang, Liping Guan, Min Zhang, Weihua Li, Jianfa Huang, Ting Luo, Wencong Wang, Bikun Xian, Xing Liu, Bing Huang Jan 2016

A New Reliable And Sensitive Nested Pcr Assay Based On The Human Sry Gene For Detection Of Interspecific Chimeras, Jie Yu, Kaijing Li, Main Huang, Liping Guan, Min Zhang, Weihua Li, Jianfa Huang, Ting Luo, Wencong Wang, Bikun Xian, Xing Liu, Bing Huang

Turkish Journal of Biology

Although interspecific chimeras can be identified using laborious techniques, more accurate and rapid detectable methods need to be established. The present study develops a nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) assay to detect human-mouse chimeras. A set of previously validated outer primers, specific to the human SRY gene, was used for conventional one-step PCR, while the inner primers for nPCR were designed. The specificities of PCR and nPCR assays were examined; both primer sets yielded PCR amplification products from male human epidermis-derived mesenchymal stem cell-like pluripotent cell DNA but no amplification products from negative control DNA. The sensitivity of this nPCR …

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Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Of Five Inbred Maize Lines With The Brittle 2 Gene, Thuy Ninh Nguyen, Thi Luong Tran, Duc Thanh Nguyen Jan 2016

Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Of Five Inbred Maize Lines With The Brittle 2 Gene, Thuy Ninh Nguyen, Thi Luong Tran, Duc Thanh Nguyen

Turkish Journal of Biology

The Brittle 2 (Bt2) gene encodes a small subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) enzyme, one of the enzymes that play an important role in endosperm starch biosynthesis. We carried out a study to transfer the Bt2 gene into several inbred maize lines and regenerate transgenic maize plants possessing the transgene, which can be used to further study the role of the Bt2 gene in starch biosynthesis. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains C58 and EHA105 harboring the transformation vector pCambia2300/Ubi-Bt2-Nos were used to transfer the Bt2 gene into five inbred maize lines, H14, H26, H240, H95, and N18. Transformed calli were selected on …

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Pluronic Pf68 Increases Transfection Efficiency In Electroporationof Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Safa Aydin, Mehmet Emi̇r Yalvaç, Ferruh Özcan, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n Jan 2016

Pluronic Pf68 Increases Transfection Efficiency In Electroporationof Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Safa Aydin, Mehmet Emi̇r Yalvaç, Ferruh Özcan, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Biology

Electroporation is a safe and efficient method to transfect human tooth germ stem cells (hTGSCs), which are mainly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study, pluronic F68 (PF68), a nonionic and low-foaming surfactant, was used for the first time to increase the transfection efficiency in electroporation of hTGSCs. Our results revealed that when PF68 was used in the preincubation, electroporation, and recovery medium, it dramatically increased transfection efficiency. Moreover, use of PF68 did not alter the differentiation capacity of hTGSCs, whereas cells electroporated without PF68 had significantly lower expression of Oct-4, pluripotency marker gene, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity upon …

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Lycium Barbarum L. (Goji Berry) Fruits Improve Anxiety, Depression-Like Behaviors, And Learning Performance: The Moderating Role Of Sex, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Hami̇t Coşkun, Kadi̇r Sağlam, Bi̇hter Gökçe Bozat Jan 2016

Lycium Barbarum L. (Goji Berry) Fruits Improve Anxiety, Depression-Like Behaviors, And Learning Performance: The Moderating Role Of Sex, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Hami̇t Coşkun, Kadi̇r Sağlam, Bi̇hter Gökçe Bozat

Turkish Journal of Biology

The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of the methanol extract obtained from Lycium barbarum fruits on anxiety, depression-like behaviors, and spatial memory in Wistar albino rats. A total of 28 rats were selected, randomly assigned to four experimental groups, and tested by means of the open field and elevated plus maze tests for anxiety-like behaviors, the forced swim test for depression-like behaviors, and the Morris water maze test for spatial memory. The findings demonstrated that in the open field, L. Barbarum-administered rats spent more time at the center and showed more mobility and velocity than controls. …

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Purification And Properties Of Lipoxygenase From Opium Poppy Seedlings(Papaver Somniferum L.), Ivana Holková, Frantisek Bilka, Drahomíra Rauová, Lydia Bezáková Jan 2016

Purification And Properties Of Lipoxygenase From Opium Poppy Seedlings(Papaver Somniferum L.), Ivana Holková, Frantisek Bilka, Drahomíra Rauová, Lydia Bezáková

Turkish Journal of Biology

Lipoxygenase (linoleate:oxygen oxidoreductase; EC 1.13.11.12; LOX) is a key enzyme in the signaling pathway leading to the production of biologically active compounds involved in plant growth development and stress responses. In this study the novel LOX enzyme from opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) seedlings was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity and characterized. LOX activity during the germination of opium poppy seeds was analyzed, and the highest LOX activity was determined on the fourth day of germination. Opium poppy LOX was purified from 4-day-old poppy seedlings after ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by hydrophobic chromatography (Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B), ion exchange chromatography (Q-Sepharose), and affinity …

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The Effects Of Dna Methyl Transferases On Antiaging Klotho Gene Expression, Eli̇f Çağlayan, Kadi̇r Turan Jan 2016

The Effects Of Dna Methyl Transferases On Antiaging Klotho Gene Expression, Eli̇f Çağlayan, Kadi̇r Turan

Turkish Journal of Biology

Several intracellular metabolic pathways in which multiple genes have a role affect the aging process. One important genetic factor associated with aging is klotho gene. In some recently published studies, klotho gene has also been associated with several types of cancer and identified as a tumor suppressor gene. Therefore, elucidation of the control of klotho gene expression has become more important. Results suggesting that the promoter region of human klotho gene could be epigenetically controlled by DNA methylation have been reported. In contrast, a study revealing whether a change in the expression level of DNMT enzymes in the cells affects …

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Inducing Osmotic Stress Leads To Better Genetic Transformation Efficiency In Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.), Surendra Barpete, Allah Bakhsh, Emi̇ne Anayol, Sancar Fati̇h Özcan, Muhammet Cağri Oğuz, Ömer Cem Karakoç, Sebahatti̇n Özcan Jan 2016

Inducing Osmotic Stress Leads To Better Genetic Transformation Efficiency In Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.), Surendra Barpete, Allah Bakhsh, Emi̇ne Anayol, Sancar Fati̇h Özcan, Muhammet Cağri Oğuz, Ömer Cem Karakoç, Sebahatti̇n Özcan

Turkish Journal of Biology

The present study investigated the effect of different salts on cotton shoot regeneration and transformation efficiency. Two-day-old germinating embryos of a local cotton cultivar (SG-125) were pretreated with 50 mM each of NaCl, CaCl2, and KCl for 60 min. The embryo explants were transformed by cocultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 harboring a binary plasmid pTF101.1 that carried the insecticidal gene (cry1Ac) under control of wound-inducible promoter (AoPR1) and bilanafos acetyl reductase (bar) gene for plant selection. The salt-pretreated embryos showed maximum response on regeneration MS medium containing 0.50 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.10 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), also …

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Potential Therapeutic Effects Of Silymarin And Silymarin-Loaded Solid Lipidnanoparticles On Experimental Kidney Damage In Balb/C Mice: Biochemical And Histopathological Evaluation, Mustafa Cengi̇z, Adnan Ayhanci̇, Hati̇ce Mehtap Kutlu, Ahmet Musmul Jan 2016

Potential Therapeutic Effects Of Silymarin And Silymarin-Loaded Solid Lipidnanoparticles On Experimental Kidney Damage In Balb/C Mice: Biochemical And Histopathological Evaluation, Mustafa Cengi̇z, Adnan Ayhanci̇, Hati̇ce Mehtap Kutlu, Ahmet Musmul

Turkish Journal of Biology

Silymarin (Sm) is widely used in treating diseases that affect organs such as the liver, kidney, and gallbladder thanks to its antioxidative, renoprotective, antihepatotoxic, and anticarcinogenic properties. However, this substance is poorly solved in water and tends to decompose in the intestine, its bioavailability decreasing before it can show real effect. With these limitations in mind, the present study aims to enhance the poor bioavailability of Sm by forming Sm-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (Sm-SLNs) using the hot homogenization method. A characterization process was undertaken to determine possible impact of Sm on experimental kidney damage. Our biochemical and light microscopic results …

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