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2015

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Articles 811 - 840 of 1751

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Relationships Between Water Developments And Select Mammals On The U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, Bryan M. Kluever May 2015

Relationships Between Water Developments And Select Mammals On The U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, Bryan M. Kluever

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Water is essential to life. Three general forms of water exist: pre-formed water that is available in food, metabolic water that is created as a byproduct of life processes (e.g., metabolism of fat or breakdown of carbohydrates), and free water (i.e., water available for drinking). As humans settle arid environments, the addition of man-made free water sources (e.g., sewage ponds, catchment ponds) often occurs. In addition, a tool commonly used to increase the abundance or distribution of wildlife species in desert environments is the addition of water sources, usually specifically designed to benefit game species like bighorn sheep (Ovis …

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Killer Cell Activation By A Novel Multifunctional Protein: An Immuno/Gene Therapy For Cancer, Ashlee Tietje May 2015

Killer Cell Activation By A Novel Multifunctional Protein: An Immuno/Gene Therapy For Cancer, Ashlee Tietje

All Dissertations

One of the characteristics of advanced tumors is the evasion of the immune system. There are multiple methods that tumor cells employ to achieve this including reducing the expression of activating ligands on the cell surface and a shift in the tumor microenvironment toward pro-tumor cytokines. The purpose of this research is to develop a novel bifunctional fusion protein that will target these two deficiencies in the tumor microenvironment and activate killer cells that are already present. The proposed protein combines the extracellular domain of a ligand for the killer cell activating receptor NKG2D and Interleukin-12 (IL-12). It is hypothesized …

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Life History And Natural Enemies Of Parthenolecanium Spp. In Four Southeastern States, Ernesto Robayo Camacho May 2015

Life History And Natural Enemies Of Parthenolecanium Spp. In Four Southeastern States, Ernesto Robayo Camacho

All Dissertations

Soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae) are some of the most prevalent and difficult to control arthropod pests in urban landscapes of the southern United States. European fruit lecanium, Parthenolecanium corni (Bouche), and oak lecanium, Parthenolecanium quercifex (Fitch), are commonly found in mixed populations as pests of oak trees (Quercus spp.) in the region. The phenology and natural enemies of the two species are poorly understood, which in turn hinders pest managers' ability to develop an integrated management program against these species. This research project aims to fill the information gaps concerning the life history and natural enemies of P. corni and …

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The Evolution And Ecology Of Individual Specializations Amongst A Group Of Dietary Generalists., Carl S. Cloyed May 2015

The Evolution And Ecology Of Individual Specializations Amongst A Group Of Dietary Generalists., Carl S. Cloyed

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation examines individual diet specializations (IS) in a group of ecologically similar and evolutionarily related frogs and toads. Individual specialization is known to have widespread ecological and evolutionary effects. In an initial literature review (Chapter 2) I build a comprehensive theoretical framework showing how different types of population diversity can help, halt, or hinder sympatric speciation. I argue that IS can be maintained indefinitely in populations yet fail to lead to speciation because it is influenced by ecological conditions that may change. Additionally, IS can potentially aid niche partitioning among similar species, increasing species coexistence and resulting in less …

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Microbial Diversity: A Journey Through Carl Woese's Tree Of Life, David J. Westenberg May 2015

Microbial Diversity: A Journey Through Carl Woese's Tree Of Life, David J. Westenberg

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Review of: Microbial Diversity; James W. Brown; (2015). American Society for Microbiology Press, Washington, DC. 416 pages.

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Parasite Infection Mediates Trait Tradeoffs In Fundulus Heteroclitus, Sarah Dunn May 2015

Parasite Infection Mediates Trait Tradeoffs In Fundulus Heteroclitus, Sarah Dunn

Honors College Theses

To be successful, an animal must eat, grow, and reproduce. With limited resources, there are tradeoffs between these critical life history parameters but the direction of the tradeoffs is largely unknown in a changing environment. To determine whether environmental context affects life-history tradeoffs, I surveyed and quantified investment into reproduction, growth, and a proxy for immunity (parasitism), in the mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus, a common inhabitant of salt marshes in Georgia. Three salt marsh sites along coastal Georgia (Shellman Bluff, Skidaway Island, and Tybee Island) were selected using a proxy for anthropogenic disturbance (impervious surface), which also fell along a …

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Activating The Msh2/Msh6 Apoptotic Pathway In Cancer Cells Using Non-Reserpine Compounds, Jacob M. Mauceri May 2015

Activating The Msh2/Msh6 Apoptotic Pathway In Cancer Cells Using Non-Reserpine Compounds, Jacob M. Mauceri

Honors College Theses

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is a system that is highly conserved in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The heterodimeric protein MutSα and a suite of associated proteins are essential in the recognition and repair of DNA afflicted with mispaired bases and short insertion/deletion loops, but are also implicated in funneling damaged cells towards apoptosis via a key conformational change in a subunit of the MutSα complex. This conformation can be bound specifically by the small molecule reserpine. Molecular dynamics modeling and virtual screening were used to identify additional small molecule novel ligands with the predicted ability to selectively bind this “death” …

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Determination Of The Dermacentor Variabilis Ferritin Gene Exon And Intron Structure, Dana Sylvestre May 2015

Determination Of The Dermacentor Variabilis Ferritin Gene Exon And Intron Structure, Dana Sylvestre

Honors College Theses

The American dog tick Dermacentor variabilis is a hard body, 3-host tick that relies on the blood of small and large mammals to satisfy its metabolic demands. The excess iron consumed in its blood diet can cause cellular damage through oxidation. Ticks rely on the ferritin protein to metabolize iron. For this reason, it is important to further characterize the ferritin gene. After extracting DNA from D. variabilis ticks, the suspected ferritin gene was amplified through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and purified. The putative ferritin DNA fragment was inserted into plasmids and isolated in a long PCR length gene cloning. …

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Analysis Of Relationships Between Water Quality Parameters And Stream Sediment With Fecal Bacteria In Hidden Creek, Rock Hill, Sc, Kaitlin J. Mcculloch May 2015

Analysis Of Relationships Between Water Quality Parameters And Stream Sediment With Fecal Bacteria In Hidden Creek, Rock Hill, Sc, Kaitlin J. Mcculloch

Graduate Theses

Hidden Creek, in Rock Hill, SC is in need of a watershed management program to decrease fecal coliform counts by 19% because currently, water samples measured for fecal bacteria exceed the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL). One objective of this study was to locate the area/s along Hidden Creek with the highest fecal bacteria counts. The other objectives were to determine whether relationships existed between fecal bacteria and water quality parameters and whether the stream sediment was serving as a reservoir for fecal bacteria. Five sampling sites were established and samples were taken every 1- 2 weeks from June – …

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Time Enough At Last: Identification And Analysis Of Core-Clock Proteins And The Evolution Of Arnt And Period In The Lower Bilateria, Daniel Stanton May 2015

Time Enough At Last: Identification And Analysis Of Core-Clock Proteins And The Evolution Of Arnt And Period In The Lower Bilateria, Daniel Stanton

Graduate Theses

The circadian rhythm is important to all organisms and plays a key role in physiology. Although much is known about the genetic regulation of the circadian clock in Drosophila melanogaster and in Mus musculus, less is known about the circadian clock in cnidarians, let alone in the lower Bilateria. This study attempts to fill the information gap between Cnidaria and higher metazoans by characterizing the core circadian clock of Isodiametra pulchra (Acoelomorpha). These animals live in between sand grains above the sulfide zone on low wave-action beaches, exposing them to a wide array of daily environmental changes. I. pulchra circadian …

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Novelty Or Knowledge? A Study Of Using A Student Response System In Non-Major Biology Courses At A Community College, Tasha Herrington Thames May 2015

Novelty Or Knowledge? A Study Of Using A Student Response System In Non-Major Biology Courses At A Community College, Tasha Herrington Thames

Dissertations

The advancement in technology integration is laying the groundwork of a paradigm shift in the higher education system (Noonoo, 2011). The National Dropout Prevention Center (n.d.) [JS1] claims that technology offers some of the best opportunities for presenting instruction to engage students in meaningful education, addressing multiple intelligences, and adjusting to students’ various learning styles. The purpose of this study was to investigate if implementing clicker technology would have a statistically significant difference on student retention and student achievement, while controlling for learning styles, for students in non-major biology courses who were and were not subjected to the technology. This …

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Correlation Of Amyloid Beta And Spatial Learning And Memory Deficits On A Thy1-App Mouse Model For Alzheimer's Disease, Amber Lynn Betz May 2015

Correlation Of Amyloid Beta And Spatial Learning And Memory Deficits On A Thy1-App Mouse Model For Alzheimer's Disease, Amber Lynn Betz

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

The McGill-Thy1 APP mouse is a triple transgenic model of Alzheimer disease, which has the mutant amyloid precursor protein to synergistically over-produce amyloid beta plaques. These mice exhibit visuo-spatial learning impairment at 3 months of age and memory impairment at 10-13 months of age in the Morris water maze. To extend these findings mice at 3, 5, and 7 months of age were tested on the Barnes maze. Non-Transgenic and Transgenic mice showed improvement during acquisition. However, 3 month and 5 month McGill Thy1- APP mice showed impaired acquisition learning while 7 month showed a learning and memory deficit compared …

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Restoration Strategies To Migrate Shrub Encroachment Into Coastal Prairies, Erick Mark Verderber May 2015

Restoration Strategies To Migrate Shrub Encroachment Into Coastal Prairies, Erick Mark Verderber

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

Shrub encroachment into grasslands is a phenomenon facilitated by fire suppression, climate warming, and overgrazing of grasses by cattle, and if left unmanaged, can alter ecosystem structure and function. In this study, I compare the effectiveness and cost/benefit of various restoration strategies (prescribed fire, mechanical, and chemical) used singly and in different combinations at decreasing two shrubs, honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr.) and huisache (Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd.), and promoting growth and survival of gulf cordgrass (Spartina spartinae (Trin.) Merr. ex Hitchc.), the dominant coastal prairie grass within the Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge-Bahia Grande Unit in deep south Texas. …

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The Role Of Oxidative Stress In The Rotenone Model Lymnaea Stagnalis, Homero L. Cantu May 2015

The Role Of Oxidative Stress In The Rotenone Model Lymnaea Stagnalis, Homero L. Cantu

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, characterized by progressive depletion of dopamine (DA). Rotenone, a common pesticide, can induce PD like symptoms in animal models. The goal of this thesis is to quantify the levels and effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in brain tissue of the common neurobiological gastropod model, Lymnaea stagnalis, after treatment with Rotenone. The results show that rotenone causes a behavioral deficit and increases ROS production, especially superoxide. Furthermore, glutathione was depleted and protein carbonyl formation increased. These results are consistent with findings in human PD and the high levels of ROS …

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Impacts Of The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill On Microbial-Mediated Cellulose Decomposition In Mississippi Gulf Coast Salt Marshes, Jerrid Shawn Boyette May 2015

Impacts Of The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill On Microbial-Mediated Cellulose Decomposition In Mississippi Gulf Coast Salt Marshes, Jerrid Shawn Boyette

Master's Theses

Field studies were conducted to examine the effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on rates of marsh organic matter decomposition. Decomposition in surface and subsurface marsh sediments was assessed in stands of Spartina alterniflora and Juncus roemerianus in 9 Mississippi Gulf Coast marshes exposed to differing oiling intensities. The cotton strip bioassay technique was used as a proxy for cellulose decomposition. In addition, rates of microbial respiration, fungal biomass (ergosterol) and nutrients (C:N, C:P) of surface sediment cotton strips were also quantified. Subsurface cotton strip decay, as determined by losses in tensile strength, were significantly different among marsh …

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Next-Gen Transcriptomics Reveals Variable Gene Expression In Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia K279a When Grown In Co-Culture With Pseudomonas Aeruginosa 2192., David Jensen 1984- May 2015

Next-Gen Transcriptomics Reveals Variable Gene Expression In Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia K279a When Grown In Co-Culture With Pseudomonas Aeruginosa 2192., David Jensen 1984-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

We are constantly surrounded by bacteria, many of which are found in cohabitation with other species in the same niches. These organisms can be particularly problematic when they infect the human body. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is of significant concern because of the frequency that those suffering from this autosomal recessive disease have in colonization by these infectious agents. Affecting more than 30,000 people in the U.S. alone. CF is due to a genetic mutation that causes a thick mucosal buildup in luminal surfaces. This viscous mucus creates a cultivation site for complex respiratory biofilms. Complications of CF include paralysis of …

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Biological Flora Of Coastal Dunes And Wetlands: Borrichia Frutescens (L.) Dc., Robert I. Lonard, Frank W. Judd, Richard Stalter May 2015

Biological Flora Of Coastal Dunes And Wetlands: Borrichia Frutescens (L.) Dc., Robert I. Lonard, Frank W. Judd, Richard Stalter

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Borrichia frutescens (L.) DC. is a New World warm-temperate, subtropical, and tropical zone, perennial subshrub that is an important species in hypersaline coastal sites. Also known as sea ox-eye, it tolerates salinities ranging from less than 20 ppt to 130 ppt. It occurs in substrates low in organic matter and deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Nearly all reproduction is vegetative from an extensive rhizome system. Populations of this species recover quickly after coverage by wrack. Stands of B. frutescens often dominate the landward border of salt marshes.

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Establishing The Dance Floor: Frame Manipulation Experiments, Peter D. Suich May 2015

Establishing The Dance Floor: Frame Manipulation Experiments, Peter D. Suich

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Past studies of honey bee populations, in both natural and laboratory settings have allowed researchers to elucidate the dance language of honey bees within the hive. While the intent and meaning of the waggle dance is thoroughly understood, the area within the hive on which the bees dance is poorly understood. Several factors that may contribute to waggle dancing were studied: substrate, scent and hive entrance proximity. Two separate honey bee colonies were placed in three-frame observation hives. After establishing the dance floor, new experimental conditions were introduced by changing the position of the frames and watching for three days …

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Dlipin-A Link Between Lipid Metabolism, Glucose Homeostasis And Growth In Drosophila Melanogaster, Sandra Schmitt May 2015

Dlipin-A Link Between Lipid Metabolism, Glucose Homeostasis And Growth In Drosophila Melanogaster, Sandra Schmitt

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Lipins are a family of highly conserved proteins found from yeasts to humans. Lipins have dual functions, serving as phosphatidate phosphatase enzymes (PAP) in the synthesis of neutral fats (triacylglycerols, TAG) and as transcriptional co-regulators that affect the expression of genes involved in lipid and fatty acid metabolism. Thus, they play central roles in metabolic control. Disruption of Lipin function has been implicated in lipodystrophy, obesity and insulin resistance. Using dLipin, the Drosophila homolog of Lipin, as a model, I aimed to elucidate the relationship between the two biochemical functions of Lipin and metabolic homeostasis. I discovered there is a …

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Management Of A Primordial Problem: Redox-Sensitive Transcriptional Regulation In Methanosarcina Acetivorans, Ryan Christopher Sheehan May 2015

Management Of A Primordial Problem: Redox-Sensitive Transcriptional Regulation In Methanosarcina Acetivorans, Ryan Christopher Sheehan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The primordial Earth which hosted the first forms of life was an environment free of oxygen. Early organisms utilized metabolisms dependent upon anaerobic conditions and incorporated systems to which oxygen is deleterious. As the content of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere increased, anaerobic organisms had to acquire methods to sense and combat oxygen and reactive oxygen species. Several mechanisms were advantageous to such anaerobic organisms which correlated transcriptional processes with the redox state of the cell so that energy may be conserved and oxygen stress recovery genes activated during periods of oxidative stress. Iron sulfur (Fe-S) cluster cofactors incorporated within RNA …

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The Reproductive Ecology Of The Timber Rattlesnake, Crotalus Horridus, In Northwestern Arkansas: Interactions Between Environment, Steroid Hormones, And Life History, Craig Michael Lind May 2015

The Reproductive Ecology Of The Timber Rattlesnake, Crotalus Horridus, In Northwestern Arkansas: Interactions Between Environment, Steroid Hormones, And Life History, Craig Michael Lind

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation I examined the relationship between individual energetic status, hormone production, and life history trait expression in field-active Timber Rattlesnakes, Crotalus horridus. In chapter one I reviewed what is known regarding these relationships in snakes and defined major research goals. In chapter two I described the seasonal profile of testosterone (T) and corticosterone (CORT) in relation to the breeding season and to individual energetic status in males. Results showed that the seasonal pattern of T production in C. horridus was different than other pit viper species with similar mating patterns. Testosterone was elevated in the months leading up …

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Negative Effects Of Rapid Warming And Drought On Reproductive Dynamics And Population Size Of An Avian Predator In The Arid Southwest, Kirsten K. Cruz-Mcdonnell May 2015

Negative Effects Of Rapid Warming And Drought On Reproductive Dynamics And Population Size Of An Avian Predator In The Arid Southwest, Kirsten K. Cruz-Mcdonnell

Biology ETDs

Avian communities of arid ecosystems may be particularly vulnerable to global climate change due to the magnitude of model projected change for desert regions and the inherent challenges for species of resource limited ecosystems. How arid zone birds will be affected by rapid increases in air temperature and increased drought frequency and severity is poorly understood. To date, avian responses to climate change have primarily been studied in northern temperate regions in relatively mesic habitats. We studied the effects of increasing air temperature and aridity on a Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia) population in the southwestern USA from 1998-2013. Over 16 …

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Multi-Scale Models Of Ovarian Cancer, Kimberly Rene Kanigel Winner May 2015

Multi-Scale Models Of Ovarian Cancer, Kimberly Rene Kanigel Winner

Biology ETDs

In ovarian cancer, disease and treatment can be examined across multiple spatial scales including molecules, cells, intra-tumor vasculature, and body-scale dynamics of circulating drugs. Survival of primary tumor cells and their development into disseminated tumors is related to adhesion between the cells, attachment, and invasion. Growth of new tumors depends on the delivery of nutrients, which depends on the tumor diameter and the tumors vasculature. Drug delivery also depends on tumor diameter and vasculature, and molecular- and gross-scale drug processes. A cellular Potts simulation integrated data at these multiple scales to model microscopic residual disease during relapse after a primary …

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The Indirect Effects Of Climate Variability On The Reproductive Dynamics And Productivity Of An Avian Predator In The Arid Southwest, Corrie C. Borgman May 2015

The Indirect Effects Of Climate Variability On The Reproductive Dynamics And Productivity Of An Avian Predator In The Arid Southwest, Corrie C. Borgman

Biology ETDs

The deserts of the Southwestern United States are experiencing rapid warming and climate models predict declining winter precipitation. The combined effects of higher air temperatures and drought are a reduction in productivity, which may importantly impact reproduction in consumers. Here, we investigate the effects of warming and drought on the reproductive timing and output in loggerhead shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus) in central New Mexico from 2007 to 2012. We found increases in air temperature of 3°C during the breeding season (March—July) and highly variable winter and annual precipitation. With increasing spring temperatures, shrikes advanced nesting phenology by 20 days over 6 …

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Root Associated Microbes: The Mediators Between Plants And Soil, Sarah Livingston Dean May 2015

Root Associated Microbes: The Mediators Between Plants And Soil, Sarah Livingston Dean

Biology ETDs

Globally, increasing human populations have either caused or accelerated several types of environmental change. Symbiotic microbes have powerful effects on plant fitness, yet little study has been done on how microbial-plant relationships are affected by environmental changes. In two different ecosystems I explore how either nitrogen (N) pollution or drought can alter root associated microbe (RAM)-plant relationships using Next Generation Sequencing. In moist-meadow alpine tundra at Niwot Ridge, CO, I examine the relative contribution of host identity, N enrichment, and plant neighborhood on RAM diversity and community composition in two co-dominant plant species; Geum rossii and Deschampsia cespitosa. In New …

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A Novel Family Of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Genes In Marsupials And Monotremes, Katina Krasnec May 2015

A Novel Family Of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Genes In Marsupials And Monotremes, Katina Krasnec

Biology ETDs

The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I family of genes encode for molecules that have well-conserved structures, but have evolved to perform a diverse functions. The availability of an opossum genome from the grey, short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis domestica, has allowed for analysis of MHC class I genes in a marsupial. Traditional methods for gene discovery uncovered 13 MHC class I genes in the opossum. Utilization of a novel method to search for MHC domain structures discovered a family of 17 novel MHC class I genes. These genes, named ModoUT1-17, were located in a cluster on chromosome 1, unlinked to the …

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Too Wet For Frogs, Too Dry For Lizards: Role Of Changing Precipitation On Tropical Frogs And Arid Lizards, Mason J. Ryan May 2015

Too Wet For Frogs, Too Dry For Lizards: Role Of Changing Precipitation On Tropical Frogs And Arid Lizards, Mason J. Ryan

Biology ETDs

During the course of the Anthropocene, humans have modified the landscape and atmosphere resulting in increased global temperatures and intensification of the hydrologic cycle over the last 100 years. Amphibians and reptiles are especially vulnerable to climate change because of their ectothermic physiology and sensitivity to changes in water availability. The role of moisture or precipitation in ectotherm responses to climate change has not been well studied, but moisture plays a vital role in all aspects of the lives of lizards and frogs. It is exceedingly difficult to study the ecological effects of changing precipitation patterns due the stochastic nature …

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Progressive Decline Of Testicular Function In Leptinreceptor Deficient Obese Mice, Jennifer Long May 2015

Progressive Decline Of Testicular Function In Leptinreceptor Deficient Obese Mice, Jennifer Long

Masters Theses

The incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome among the human population is increasing, but the effects on male fertility are unresolved. Leptin insensitivity appears to show a consistent relationship between obesity and fertility problems in men. Genetically modified mice lacking the leptin hormone (ob/ob) or leptin receptor (db/db) are reported to be subfertile and/or infertile but there is only minimal information about testicular function (sperm and hormone production) and the progression of infertility. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate testicular function using a leptin-receptor-deficient obese mouse model (the POUND mouse; Charles River). Testicular sperm production is reduced in POUND …

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A Gravity Investigation Of The Tobacco Root Batholith Southwest Montana, Stephen Charles Tatum May 2015

A Gravity Investigation Of The Tobacco Root Batholith Southwest Montana, Stephen Charles Tatum

Masters Theses

The objective of this research was to delineate and profile the Late Cretaceous Tobacco Root batholith in southwestern Montana through the application of the gravitational method. This survey was accomplished by obtaining 232 gravity measurements in four profiles across the batholith. After correcting for known variations in the gravity field, a Bouguer anomaly map of the batholith and surrounding host rocks was created. Four residual gravity profiles and map, created by subtracting the regional gravity from the Bouguer anomaly, reveal a maximum negative gravity anomaly in the center portion of the batholith which is parallel to the trend of the …

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Changes In Estrogen Receptor Alpha (Erα) Phosphorylation In Human T Cells, Samantha Meneely May 2015

Changes In Estrogen Receptor Alpha (Erα) Phosphorylation In Human T Cells, Samantha Meneely

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

Estrogen has two receptor proteins, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). ERα can undergo multiple post-transcriptional modifications (PTMs); however, relatively little is known about the function and regulation of any of the PTMs that ERα can potentially undergo, especially in vivo. In total, 19 phosphorylation sites have been identified in ERα thus far, and most sites contain a Ser-Pro motif. Different pathways are responsible for the phosphorylation of different sites. These pathways include mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, IkappaB kinase complex alpha (IKKα), cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), a subunit of transcription factor II H, protein kinase B …

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