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2015

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Articles 301 - 330 of 1749

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Alternative Strategies In Response To Saline Stress In Two Varieties Of Portulaca Oleracea (Purslane), Dana A. Dudle, Kristina R. Mulry, Bryan A. Hanson Sep 2015

Alternative Strategies In Response To Saline Stress In Two Varieties Of Portulaca Oleracea (Purslane), Dana A. Dudle, Kristina R. Mulry, Bryan A. Hanson

Biology Faculty publications

Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is a globally-distributed plant with a long history of use in folk medicine and cooking. We have developed purslane as a model system for exploring plant responses to stress. We exposed two varieties of purslane to saline stress with the objective of identifying differences between the varieties in the plasticity of morphological and physiological traits. The varieties responded to saline stress with significantly different changes in the measured traits, which included inter alia biomass, flower counts, proline concentrations and betalain pigment concentrations. The alternative responses of the two varieties consisted of complex, simultaneous changes in …

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Shadowed By Scale: Subtle Behavioral Niche Partitioning In Two Sympatric, Tropical Breeding Albatross Species, Melinda Conners, Elliott Hazen, Daniel Costa, Scott A. Shaffer Sep 2015

Shadowed By Scale: Subtle Behavioral Niche Partitioning In Two Sympatric, Tropical Breeding Albatross Species, Melinda Conners, Elliott Hazen, Daniel Costa, Scott A. Shaffer

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

Background To meet the minimum energetic requirements needed to support parents and their provisioned offspring, the timing of breeding in birds typically coincides with periods of high food abundance. Seasonality and synchrony of the reproductive cycle is especially important for marine species that breed in high latitudes with seasonal booms in ocean productivity. Laysan and black-footed albatrosses breeding in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands have a dual reliance on both seasonally productive waters of high latitudes and on nutrient-poor waters of low latitudes, because their foraging ranges contract during the short but critical brood-guard stage. Therefore, these species face an additional …

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Clinically Available Medicines Demonstrating Anti-Toxoplasma Activity, Andrew J. Neville, Sydney J. Zach, Xiaofang Wang, Joshua L. Larson, Abigail K. Judge, Lisa A. Davis, Jonathan L. Vennerstrom, Paul H. Davis Sep 2015

Clinically Available Medicines Demonstrating Anti-Toxoplasma Activity, Andrew J. Neville, Sydney J. Zach, Xiaofang Wang, Joshua L. Larson, Abigail K. Judge, Lisa A. Davis, Jonathan L. Vennerstrom, Paul H. Davis

Biology Faculty Publications

Toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan parasite of humans and other mammals, including livestock and companion animals. While chemotherapeutic regimens, including pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine regimens, ameliorate acute or recrudescent disease such as toxoplasmic encephalitis or ocular toxoplasmosis, these drugs are often toxic to the host. Moreover, no approved options are available to treat infected women who are pregnant. Lastly, no drug regimen has shown the ability to eradicate the chronic stage of infection, which is characterized by chemoresistant intracellular cysts that persist for the life of the host. In an effort to promote additional chemotherapeutic options, we now evaluate clinically available …

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Constitutive Activity Among Orphan Class-A G Protein Coupled Receptors, Adam L. Martin, Michael A. Steurer, Robert Aronstam Sep 2015

Constitutive Activity Among Orphan Class-A G Protein Coupled Receptors, Adam L. Martin, Michael A. Steurer, Robert Aronstam

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent of constitutive activity among orphan class-A G protein coupled receptors within the cAMP signaling pathway. Constitutive signaling was revealed by changes in gene expression under control of the cAMP response element. Gene expression was measured in Chinese hamster ovary cells transiently cotransfected with plasmids containing a luciferase reporter and orphan receptor. Criteria adopted for defining constitutive activation were: 1) 200% elevation over baseline reporter gene expression; 2) 40% inhibition of baseline expression; and 3) 40% inhibition of expression stimulated by 3 μM forskolin. Five patterns of activity were noted: 1) …

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Linkage Mapping Reveals Strong Chiasma Interference In Sockeye Salmon: Implications For Interpreting Genomic Data, Morten T. Limborg, Ryan T. Waples, Fred W. Allendorf, James E. Seeb Sep 2015

Linkage Mapping Reveals Strong Chiasma Interference In Sockeye Salmon: Implications For Interpreting Genomic Data, Morten T. Limborg, Ryan T. Waples, Fred W. Allendorf, James E. Seeb

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Meiotic recombination is fundamental for generating new genetic variation and for securing proper disjunction. Further, recombination plays an essential role during the rediploidization process of polyploid-origin genomes because crossovers between pairs of homeologous chromosomes retain duplicated regions. A better understanding of how recombination affects genome evolution is crucial for interpreting genomic data; unfortunately, current knowledge mainly originates from a few model species. Salmonid fishes provide a valuable system for studying the effects of recombination in nonmodel species. Salmonid females generally produce thousands of embryos, providing large families for conducting inheritance studies. Further, salmonid genomes are currently rediploidizing after a whole …

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Developmental Mechanisms That Support Genome Stability And Embryonic Survival In Stress-Tolerant Embryos Of The Annual Killifish Austrofundulus Limnaeus, Josiah Tad Wagner Sep 2015

Developmental Mechanisms That Support Genome Stability And Embryonic Survival In Stress-Tolerant Embryos Of The Annual Killifish Austrofundulus Limnaeus, Josiah Tad Wagner

Dissertations and Theses

In order to complete their life cycles, vertebrates require oxygen and water. However, environments are not always forgiving when it comes to constantly providing these basic needs for vertebrate life. The annual killifish Austrofundulus limnaeus is possibly the most well described extremophile vertebrate and its embryos have been shown to tolerate extremes in oxygen, salinity, and water availability. This phenotype is likely a result of the annual killifish life history, which includes periods of temporary habitat desiccation and oxygen deprivation, and requires the production of stress-tolerant embryos that depress metabolism in a state of suspended animation, known as diapause. Over …

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The Role Of Pyrococcus Furiosus Transcription Factor E In Transcription Iniitiation, Robyn Lynn Eustis Sep 2015

The Role Of Pyrococcus Furiosus Transcription Factor E In Transcription Iniitiation, Robyn Lynn Eustis

Dissertations and Theses

All sequenced archaeal genomes encode a general transcription factor, TFE, which is highly conserved and homologous to the alpha subunit of the eukaryotic transcription factor TFIIE. TFE functions to increase promoter opening efficiency during transcription initiation, although the mechanism for this is unclear. The N-terminus of TFE contains a common DNA binding motif, a winged helix. At the tip of this winged helix is a highly conserved region of aromatic amino acids that is close to DNA during initiation. TFE activation can compensate for mutations in another transcription factor, TFB2, which is homologous to TFIIB. P. furiosus encodes two paralogs …

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Females Sample More Males At High Nesting Densities, But Ultimately Obtain Less Attractive Mates, R. M. Tinghitella, Chelsea Stehle, Janette W. Boughman Sep 2015

Females Sample More Males At High Nesting Densities, But Ultimately Obtain Less Attractive Mates, R. M. Tinghitella, Chelsea Stehle, Janette W. Boughman

Biological Sciences: Faculty Scholarship

Background: Sexual selection is largely driven by the availability of mates. Theory predicts that male competition and female choice should be density-dependent, with males competing more intensely at relatively high density, and females becoming increasingly discriminating when there are more males from whom to choose. Evidence for flexible mating decisions is growing, but we do not understand how environmental variation is incorporated into mate sampling strategies. We mimicked threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) breeding conditions in pools with high and low densities of nesting males and allowed females to search for mates to determine whether 1) mate search strategies change with …

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The Depsipeptide Romidepsin Reverses Hiv-1 Latency In Vivo, Ole S. Søgaard, Mette E. Graversen, Steffen Leth, Rikke Olesen, Christel R. Brinkmann, Sara K. Nissen, Anne Sofie Kjaer, Mariane H. Schleimann, Paul W. Denton, William J. Hey-Cunningham, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Kim Krogsgaard, Maja Sommerfelt, Remi Fromentin, Nicolas Chomont, Thomas A. Rasmussen, Lars Østergaard, Martin Tolstrup Sep 2015

The Depsipeptide Romidepsin Reverses Hiv-1 Latency In Vivo, Ole S. Søgaard, Mette E. Graversen, Steffen Leth, Rikke Olesen, Christel R. Brinkmann, Sara K. Nissen, Anne Sofie Kjaer, Mariane H. Schleimann, Paul W. Denton, William J. Hey-Cunningham, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Kim Krogsgaard, Maja Sommerfelt, Remi Fromentin, Nicolas Chomont, Thomas A. Rasmussen, Lars Østergaard, Martin Tolstrup

Biology Faculty Publications

Pharmacologically-induced activation of replication competent proviruses from latency in the presence of antiretroviral treatment (ART) has been proposed as a step towards curing HIV-1 infection. However, until now, approaches to reverse HIV-1 latency in humans have yielded mixed results. Here, we report a proof-of-concept phase Ib/IIa trial where 6 aviremic HIV-1 infected adults received intravenous 5 mg/m2 romidepsin (Celgene) once weekly for 3 weeks while maintaining ART. Lymphocyte histone H3 acetylation, a cellular measure of the pharmacodynamic response to romidepsin, increased rapidly (maximum fold range: 3.7–7.7 relative to baseline) within the first hours following each romidepsin administration. Concurrently, HIV-1 transcription …

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A Forward Genetic Screen Identifies Factors Associated With Fever Pathogenesis In Plasmodium Falciparum, Phaedra J. Thomas Sep 2015

A Forward Genetic Screen Identifies Factors Associated With Fever Pathogenesis In Plasmodium Falciparum, Phaedra J. Thomas

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Infectious diseases that spread from person-to-person and continent-to-continent are a cause for concern for any health entity. One such disease is malaria, a mosquito-borne infection instigated by the protozoan parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Hundreds of millions of people are affected annually and it is responsible for nearly 1 million deaths. It is the most fatal species causing malaria and proliferates in human red blood cells with a life cycle occurring every 48 hours. At this time, the parasite’s late stage form or schizont bursts from the erythrocyte releasing immune-inducing particles and infective forms (merozoites) into the bloodstream. The merozoites go …

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Transcriptomic Variation Of Hepatopancreas Reveals The Energy Metabolism And Biological Processes Associated With Molting In Chinese Mitten Crab, Eriocheir Sinensis, Shu Huang, Jun Wang, Wucheng Yue, Jiao Chen, Sarah Gaughan, Weiqun Lu, Guoqing Lu, Chenghui Wang Sep 2015

Transcriptomic Variation Of Hepatopancreas Reveals The Energy Metabolism And Biological Processes Associated With Molting In Chinese Mitten Crab, Eriocheir Sinensis, Shu Huang, Jun Wang, Wucheng Yue, Jiao Chen, Sarah Gaughan, Weiqun Lu, Guoqing Lu, Chenghui Wang

Biology Faculty Publications

Molting is a critical developmental process for crustaceans, yet the underlying molecular mechanism is unknown. In this study, we used RNA-Seq to investigate transcriptomic profiles of the hepatopancreas and identified differentially expressed genes at four molting stages of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). A total of 97,398 transcripts were assembled, with 31,900 transcripts annotated. Transcriptomic comparison revealed 1,189 genes differentially expressed amongst different molting stages. We observed a pattern associated with energy metabolism and physiological responses during a molting cycle. In specific, differentially expressed genes enriched in postmolt were linked to energy consumption whereas genes enriched in intermolt were related …

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Translational Training For Tomorrow’S Environmental Scientists, Mark W. Brunson, Michelle A. Baker Sep 2015

Translational Training For Tomorrow’S Environmental Scientists, Mark W. Brunson, Michelle A. Baker

Biology Faculty Publications

Environmental science exists to seek solutions to problems related to human-nature interactions. Unfortunately, in many cases, environmental research findings are not effectively used because scientists are not able to convey their knowledge effectively to policy makers and the public, and/or because the questions they address are not directly linked to the answers stakeholders need. To address this issue, Schlesinger (2010) called for development of a “translational ecology” that would be understandable and usable by decision-makers, interest groups, and citizens. A barrier to usable science is that researchers are not usually trained to be translational. We convened a multi-disciplinary group of …

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Disruption Of Daily Rhythms By High-Fat Diet Is Reversible, Katrina L. Branecky, Kevin D. Niswender, Julie S. Pendergast Sep 2015

Disruption Of Daily Rhythms By High-Fat Diet Is Reversible, Katrina L. Branecky, Kevin D. Niswender, Julie S. Pendergast

Biology Faculty Publications

In mammals a network of circadian clocks coordinates behavior and physiology with 24-h environmental cycles. Consumption of high-fat diet disrupts this temporal coordination by advancing the phase of the liver molecular clock and altering daily rhythms of eating behavior and locomotor activity. In this study we sought to determine whether these effects of high-fat diet on circadian rhythms were reversible. We chronically fed mice high-fat diet and then returned them to low-fat chow diet. We found that the phase of the liver PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE rhythm was advanced (by 4h) and the daily rhythms of eating behavior and locomotor activity were altered …

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Temperatures Experienced By Fresh-Cut Leafy Greens During Retail Storage And Display, W. Brown, E. Ryser, L. Gorman, Scott J. Steinmaus, Keith Vorst Sep 2015

Temperatures Experienced By Fresh-Cut Leafy Greens During Retail Storage And Display, W. Brown, E. Ryser, L. Gorman, Scott J. Steinmaus, Keith Vorst

Biological Sciences

There has been limited published work in the United States on temperature profiling of fresh-cut, bagged leafy greens during their transport, retail storage, and retail display. This study utilized temperature monitors placed in backrooms and display cases at nine supermarkets located in southern California: the Central Coast (Santa Barbara to Los Osos), Greater Los Angeles (Burbank area), and Greater Palm Desert. Sensors were installed midway along each 8-foot display case section containing fresh-cut leafy greens. Monitors were placed at the front and back of shelves and in the lower bin. In storage rooms, sensors were placed 4 feet from the …

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Spatio-Temporal Distribution Of Stored-Product Insects With Emphasis On Red Flour Beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In Rice Mills And On-Farm Storage Facilities, Martine Patiance Bowombe Toko Sep 2015

Spatio-Temporal Distribution Of Stored-Product Insects With Emphasis On Red Flour Beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In Rice Mills And On-Farm Storage Facilities, Martine Patiance Bowombe Toko

Student Theses and Dissertations

Many stored-product insects were found associated in rice commercial mills and on-farm facilities. To better understand the seasonal and temporal distributions of stored-product insect at these facilities, I conducted two studies. A study over a three-year period (2012-2014) was conducted to examine red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) distributions at four rice mills. Beetles were captured using baited Dome traps placed inside and outside of mills. The second study was conducted over a two-year period (2013-1014) to estimate the abundance of red flour beetles and four other stored-product insects [cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne), warehouse beetle (Trogoderma variabile), lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha …

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4-Aminoquinoline-Hybridization En Route Towards The Development Of Rationally Designed Antimalarial Agents, Raghu Raj, Kirkwood M. Land, Vipan Kumar Sep 2015

4-Aminoquinoline-Hybridization En Route Towards The Development Of Rationally Designed Antimalarial Agents, Raghu Raj, Kirkwood M. Land, Vipan Kumar

College of the Pacific Faculty Articles

The resistance of Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of malaria, against quinine and chloroquine along with the lack of malaria vaccines has encouraged the development of various synthetic strategies towards biologically active scaffolds. An emerging strategy in medicinal chemistry, termed molecular hybridization, involves the covalent fusion of two or more drugs, active compounds, and/or pharmacophoric units into a hybrid compound, with fascinating activities and multiple but not essentially simultaneous pharmacological targets. 4-Aminoquinolines are considered as promising antimalarials and 4-aminoquinoline hybridization is considered as an attractive and feasible approach for the development of new molecular frameworks for averting and delaying the …

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Altered Activation Of Protein Kinase Pkr And Enhanced Apoptosis In Dystonia Cells Carrying A Mutation In Pkr Activator Protein Pact, Lauren S. Vaughn, D. Cristopher Bragg, Nutan Sharma, Sarah Camargos, Francisco Cardoso, Rekha C. Patel Sep 2015

Altered Activation Of Protein Kinase Pkr And Enhanced Apoptosis In Dystonia Cells Carrying A Mutation In Pkr Activator Protein Pact, Lauren S. Vaughn, D. Cristopher Bragg, Nutan Sharma, Sarah Camargos, Francisco Cardoso, Rekha C. Patel

Faculty Publications

PACT is a stress-modulated activator of the interferon-induced double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR). Stress-induced phosphorylation of PACT is essential for PACT's association with PKR leading to PKR activation. PKR activation leads to phosphorylation of translation initiation factor eIF2α inhibition of protein synthesis and apoptosis.Arecessively inherited form of early-onset dystonia DYT16 has been recently identified to arise due to a homozygous missense mutation P222L in PACT. To examine if the mutant P222L protein alters the stress-response pathway, we examined the ability of mutant P222L to interact with and activate PKR. Our results indicate that the substitution mutant P222L activates PKR more …

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Can The Results Of Biodiversity-Ecosystem Productivity Studies Be Translated To Bioenergy Production?, Timothy L. Dickson, Katherine L. Gross Sep 2015

Can The Results Of Biodiversity-Ecosystem Productivity Studies Be Translated To Bioenergy Production?, Timothy L. Dickson, Katherine L. Gross

Biology Faculty Publications

Biodiversity experiments show that increases in plant diversity can lead to greater biomass production, and some researchers suggest that high diversity plantings should be used for bioenergy production. However, many methods used in past biodiversity experiments are impractical for bioenergy plantings. For example, biodiversity experiments often use intensive management such as hand weeding to maintain low diversity plantings and exclude unplanted species, but this would not be done for bioenergy plantings. Also, biodiversity experiments generally use high seeding densities that would be too expensive for bioenergy plantings. Here we report the effects of biodiversity on biomass production from two studies …

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Mechanisms Involved In Enhanced Protection Against Gram Negative Bacterium Francisella Tularensis Utilizing An Fcr Targeted Vaccine Platform, Zulfia Babadjanova Sep 2015

Mechanisms Involved In Enhanced Protection Against Gram Negative Bacterium Francisella Tularensis Utilizing An Fcr Targeted Vaccine Platform, Zulfia Babadjanova

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Francisella tularensis is a gram-negative intracellular bacterium and the etiologic factor of a potentially fatal disease tularemia. Due to its high infectivity the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has designated F. tularensis as a Category A biological agent. Nevertheless, the pathogenesis of F. tularensis is not fully understood and research has failed to develop an effective vaccine. Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by innate immune cells at the early stages of bacterial infection is important for host protection against the pathogen. Many intracellular bacteria, including F. tularensis, utilize the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, to evade the host immune response. It is …

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Precise Repair Of Mping Excision Sites Is Facilitated By Target Site Duplication Derived Microhomology, David M. Gilbert, M. Catherine Bridges, Ashley E. Strother, Courtney E. Burckhalter, James M. Burnette Iii, C. Nathan Hancock Sep 2015

Precise Repair Of Mping Excision Sites Is Facilitated By Target Site Duplication Derived Microhomology, David M. Gilbert, M. Catherine Bridges, Ashley E. Strother, Courtney E. Burckhalter, James M. Burnette Iii, C. Nathan Hancock

Faculty Publications

A key difference between the Tourist and Stowaway families of miniature inverted repeat transposable elements (MITEs) is the manner in which their excision alters the genome. Upon excision, Stowaway-like MITEs and the associated Mariner elements usually leave behind a small duplication and short sequences from the end of the element. These small insertions or deletions known as “footprints” can potentially disrupt coding or regulatory sequences. In contrast, Tourist-like MITEs and the associated PIF/Pong/Harbinger elements generally excise precisely, returning the genome to its original state. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanisms underlying these …

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Lifting Weights: Sculpting The Body Into An Artform, Stormi Knight Sep 2015

Lifting Weights: Sculpting The Body Into An Artform, Stormi Knight

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

I believe the Body is a perfectly designed machine, many people underestimate the body’s ability to do marvelous things. One of the many great things the body can do is maneuver weight. What has this to do with art-science? At first glance weight lifting may not seem like anything but part of an athlete’s routine, however when we think about women there is much more that is to do with aesthetics and real science.

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Life History, Oviposition Characteristics, And Management Of The Ozark Baltimore Checkerspot (Euphydryas Phaeton Ozarkae), Stephen Robertson Sep 2015

Life History, Oviposition Characteristics, And Management Of The Ozark Baltimore Checkerspot (Euphydryas Phaeton Ozarkae), Stephen Robertson

Theses and Dissertations

The Ozark Baltimore Checkerspot (Euphydryas phaeton ozarkae Masters) is an understudied nymphalid butterfly endemic to the Ozarks that specializes on False Foxglove (Aureolaria sp.) as the larval food plant. Few studies have focused on this animal and much of what is known has been derived from studies of the eastern subspecies (Euhpydryas phaeton phaeton Drury). Genetic evidence shows only slight variation between subspecies, but critical ecological differences are found between the two taxa. Here I present an in-depth life history with respect to general ecology and offer evidence towards species identity. Oviposition behavior (search and egg-site selection) is a key …

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Neurobiology Of Seasonal Life-History Transitions, Ashley Rae Lucas Sep 2015

Neurobiology Of Seasonal Life-History Transitions, Ashley Rae Lucas

Dissertations and Theses

Many animals exhibit seasonal changes in life-history stages, and these seasonal transitions are often accompanied by dramatic switches in behavior. While the neuroendocrine mechanisms that regulate such behavioral transitions are poorly understood, arginine vasotocin (AVT) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) are excellent candidates because they regulate reproductive and feeding behavior, respectively. In this study, I asked if seasonal changes in AVT and/or NPY are concomitant with spring migration away from the breeding grounds, as male and female red-sided garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) are transitioning from reproductive to non-reproductive behavior during this time. To address this question, I collected …

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A Bomb Set To Drop: Parthenogenetic Marmorkrebs For Sale In Ireland, A European Location Without Non-Indigenous Crayfish, Zen Faulkes Sep 2015

A Bomb Set To Drop: Parthenogenetic Marmorkrebs For Sale In Ireland, A European Location Without Non-Indigenous Crayfish, Zen Faulkes

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Ireland is one of the few locations in Europe where non-indigenous North American crayfish species have not been introduced, and is a refuge for endangered white-clawed crayfish, Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858). The parthenogenetic crayfish species Marmorkrebs, Procambarus fallax f. virginalis (Hagen, 1870), is sold in the pet trade in Ireland within the recorded range of A. pallipes. Marmorkrebs risk being introduced into Irish waters, where they could threaten A. pallipes populations, particularly as a vector for crayfish plague.

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Delivery Of Nucleic Acids And Nanomaterials By Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Opportunities And Challenges, Yue-Wern Huang, Han-Jung Lee, Larry Tolliver, Robert Aronstam Sep 2015

Delivery Of Nucleic Acids And Nanomaterials By Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Opportunities And Challenges, Yue-Wern Huang, Han-Jung Lee, Larry Tolliver, Robert Aronstam

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Many viral and nonviral systems have been developed to aid delivery of biologically active molecules into cells. Among these, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have received increasing attention in the past two decades for biomedical applications. In this review, we focus on opportunities and challenges associated with CPP delivery of nucleic acids and nanomaterials. We first describe the nature of versatile CPPs and their interactions with various types of cargoes. We then discuss in vivo and in vitro delivery of nucleic acids and nanomaterials by CPPs. Studies on the mechanisms of cellular entry and limitations in the methods used are detailed.

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The South Coast Commercial Fish Trap, G-Net And Open-Access Line And Net Scalefish Fisheries And Squid Jig Fishery Review, Department Of Fisheries Sep 2015

The South Coast Commercial Fish Trap, G-Net And Open-Access Line And Net Scalefish Fisheries And Squid Jig Fishery Review, Department Of Fisheries

Fisheries Management Papers

No abstract provided.

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Strategies For Precision Modulation Of Gene Expression By Epigenome Editing: An Overview, Benjamin I. Laufer, Shiva M. Singh Sep 2015

Strategies For Precision Modulation Of Gene Expression By Epigenome Editing: An Overview, Benjamin I. Laufer, Shiva M. Singh

Biology Publications

Genome editing technology has evolved rather quickly and become accessible to most researchers. It has resulted in far reaching implications and a number of novel designer systems including epigenome editing. Epigenome editing utilizes a combination of nuclease-null genome editing systems and effector domains to modulate gene expression. In particular, Zinc Finger, Transcription-Activator-Like Effector, and CRISPR/Cas9 have emerged as modular systems that can be modified to allow for precision manipulation of epigenetic marks without altering underlying DNA sequence. This review contains a comprehensive catalog of effector domains that can be used with components of genome editing systems to achieve epigenome editing. …

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The Conserved G-Protein Coupled Receptor Fshr-1 Regulates Protective Host Responses To Infection And Oxidative Stress, Elizabeth V. Miller, Leah N. Grandi, Jennifer A. Giannini, Joseph D. Robinson, Jennifer R. Powell Sep 2015

The Conserved G-Protein Coupled Receptor Fshr-1 Regulates Protective Host Responses To Infection And Oxidative Stress, Elizabeth V. Miller, Leah N. Grandi, Jennifer A. Giannini, Joseph D. Robinson, Jennifer R. Powell

Biology Faculty Publications

The innate immune system’s ability to sense an infection is critical so that it can rapidly respond if pathogenic microorganisms threaten the host, but otherwise maintain a quiescent baseline state to avoid causing damage to the host or to commensal microorganisms. One important mechanism for discriminating between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria is the recognition of cellular damage caused by a pathogen during the course of infection. InCaenorhabditis elegans, the conserved G-protein coupled receptor FSHR-1 is an important constituent of the innate immune response. FSHR-1 activates the expression of antimicrobial infection response genes in infected worms and delays accumulation …

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Response Of Mammalian Macrophages To Challenge With The Chlorovirus Atcv-1, Thomas M. Petro, Irina V. Agarkova, You Zhou, Robert H. Yolken, James L. Van Etten, David D. Dunigan Sep 2015

Response Of Mammalian Macrophages To Challenge With The Chlorovirus Atcv-1, Thomas M. Petro, Irina V. Agarkova, You Zhou, Robert H. Yolken, James L. Van Etten, David D. Dunigan

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

It was recently reported that 44% of healthy humans in a study cohort had DNA sequences similar to Chlorovirus ATCV-1 (family Phycodnaviridae) in oropharyngeal samples and had decreases in visual processing and visual motor speed compared with individuals in whom no virus was detected. Moreover, mice inoculated orally with ATCV-1 developed immune responses to ATCV-1 proteins and had decreases in certain cognitive domains. Because heightened IL-6, nitric oxide (NO), and ERK MAP kinase activation from macrophages are linked to cognitive impairments, we evaluated cellular responses and viral plaque forming units in murine RAW264.7 and primary macrophages after exposure to …

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Doing It Again: Repeating Methodology From Published Literature To Learn Field Biology, Laurie Eberhardt Sep 2015

Doing It Again: Repeating Methodology From Published Literature To Learn Field Biology, Laurie Eberhardt

Biology Faculty Publications

Repeatability underpins a basic assumption in science which students must learn in order to evaluate others’ research findings as well as to communicate the results of their own research. By attempting to repeat the methods of published studies, students learn the importance of clear written communication, while at the same time developing research skills. I describe three examples of published field studies that can be used as the basis for course exercises on the repeatability of methodology, as well as field sampling techniques, all grounded in the overall topic of environmental change. Two of the exercises returned students to the …

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