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2006

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Articles 301 - 330 of 536

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Application Of The ³H-Leucine Incorporation Technique For Quantifying Rates Of Bacterial Secondary Production Associated With Decaying Wetland Plant Litter, Jane E. Gillies Jan 2006

Application Of The ³H-Leucine Incorporation Technique For Quantifying Rates Of Bacterial Secondary Production Associated With Decaying Wetland Plant Litter, Jane E. Gillies

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The 3H-leucine incorporation technique for quantifying rates of bacterial production has increased in popularity since its original description for bacterioplankton communities. Previous studies examining 3H-leucine-incorporation conditions for bacterial communities in other habitats have reported a wide range of final leucine concentrations to achieve saturation-level uptake. This study assessed the application of the 3H-leucine-incorporation procedure for measuring bacterial production associated with decaying wetland plant litter. Substrate saturation experiments were conducted on three dates for bacteria colonizing decaying litter of Typha angustifolia, Schoenoplectus validus, and Phragmites australis. Incorporation of 3H-leucine into protein exhibited a biphasic saturation …

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A Database For The Study Of Marine Mammal Behavior: Gap Analysis, Data Standardization, And Future Directions, Scott A. Shaffer, D P. Costa Jan 2006

A Database For The Study Of Marine Mammal Behavior: Gap Analysis, Data Standardization, And Future Directions, Scott A. Shaffer, D P. Costa

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

A relational database that contained published information on the diving behavior and/or movement patterns of marine mammals was compiled to facilitate a modeling effort of the Effects of Sound on the Marine Environment (ESME) program. A total of 448 references from reports, books, and peer-reviewed journal articles were obtained. The metadata describing each animal studied, location of the study, and equipment used were entered into the database as well as empirical data describing the diving behavior and movement patterns of each animal. In total, the database contained 1815 entries from 51 different marine mammal species or subspecies. The majority of …

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Interpolation Of Tracking Data In A Fluid Environment, Y Tremblay, Scott A. Shaffer, S L. Fowler, C E. Kuhn, B I. Mcdonald, M J. Weise, C -A Bost, H Weimerskirch, D E. Crocker, M E. Goebel, D P. Costa Jan 2006

Interpolation Of Tracking Data In A Fluid Environment, Y Tremblay, Scott A. Shaffer, S L. Fowler, C E. Kuhn, B I. Mcdonald, M J. Weise, C -A Bost, H Weimerskirch, D E. Crocker, M E. Goebel, D P. Costa

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

Interpolation of geolocation or Argos tracking data is a necessity for habitat use analyses of marine vertebrates. In a fluid marine environment, characterized by curvilinear structures, linearly interpolated track data are not realistic. Based on these two facts, we interpolated tracking data from albatrosses, penguins, boobies, sea lions, fur seals and elephant seals using six mathematical algorithms. Given their popularity in mathematical computing, we chose Bézier, hermite and cubic splines, in addition to a commonly used linear algorithm to interpolate data. Performance of interpolation methods was compared with different temporal resolutions representative of the less-precise geolocation and the more-precise Argos …

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A New Moustache Wasp In Dominican Amber, With An Account Of Apoid Wasp Evolution Emphasizing Crabroninae (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), Daniel J. Bennett, Michael S. Engel Jan 2006

A New Moustache Wasp In Dominican Amber, With An Account Of Apoid Wasp Evolution Emphasizing Crabroninae (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), Daniel J. Bennett, Michael S. Engel

Faculty Publications

A new, extinct species of the wasp genus Lindenius (Crabroninae: Crabronini: Crabronina) is described and figured from two exquisitely preserved specimens discovered in Early Miocene Dominican amber. Lindenius paleomystax, new species, represents the first record for the tribe Crabronini in Dominican amber and the southernmost record for the genus in the New World. The unique locality and habitat data begin to reveal a more complicated natural history for the genus than that suggested by Recent taxa alone. A checklist of fossil apoid wasps in amber is provided and the new species is discussed within the context of an overview …

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Nest-Site Selection In The Eastern Box Turtle, Terrapene Carolina Carolina, In Illinois [Abstract], Beth A. Flitz, Stephen J. Mullin Jan 2006

Nest-Site Selection In The Eastern Box Turtle, Terrapene Carolina Carolina, In Illinois [Abstract], Beth A. Flitz, Stephen J. Mullin

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Food For Early Succession Birds: Relationships Among Arthropods, Shrub Vegetation, And Soil, Richard N. Conner, Daniel Saenz, Brent Burt Jan 2006

Food For Early Succession Birds: Relationships Among Arthropods, Shrub Vegetation, And Soil, Richard N. Conner, Daniel Saenz, Brent Burt

Faculty Publications

During spring and early summer, shrub- and herbaceous-level vegetation provides nesting and foraging habitat for many shrub-habitat birds. We examined relationships among arthropod biomass and abundance, foliage leaf surface area and weight, vegetation ground cover, soil characteristics, relative humidity, and temperature to evaluate what factors may influence arthropod food resources for birds. Relative humidity was inversely associated with arthropod biomass; as humidity increased biomass decreased (r = -0.44, P = 0.004). We failed to detect any relationships between deciduous foliage (surface area and weight) and arthropod biomass or abundance. However, both arthropod abundance (r = 0.30, P = 0.06) and …

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Relationships Among Arthropods, Herbaceous-Shrub Layer Vegetation, And Soil In An Early Succession Pine Stand., Brent Burt, Richard N. Conner, Saenz Daniel Jan 2006

Relationships Among Arthropods, Herbaceous-Shrub Layer Vegetation, And Soil In An Early Succession Pine Stand., Brent Burt, Richard N. Conner, Saenz Daniel

Faculty Publications

During spring and early summer, shrub- and herbaceous-level vegetation provides nesting and foraging habitat for many shrub-habitat birds. We examine relationships among arthropod biomass and abundance, foliage leaf surface area and weight, vegetation ground cover, soil characteristics, relative humidity, and temperature to evaluate what factors may influence arthropod food resources for birds.

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The Rotavirus Enterotoxin Nsp4 Directly Interacts With The Caveolar Structural Protein Caveolin-1, Rebecca D. Parr, Stephen M. Storey, Deanne M. Mitchell, Avery Mcintosh, Minglong Zhou, Kiran D. Mir, Judith M. Ball Jan 2006

The Rotavirus Enterotoxin Nsp4 Directly Interacts With The Caveolar Structural Protein Caveolin-1, Rebecca D. Parr, Stephen M. Storey, Deanne M. Mitchell, Avery Mcintosh, Minglong Zhou, Kiran D. Mir, Judith M. Ball

Faculty Publications

Rotavirus nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) is known to function as an intracellular receptor at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) critical to viral morphogenesis and is the first characterized viral enterotoxin. Exogenously added NSP4 induces diarrhea in rodent pups and stimulates secretory chloride currents across intestinal segments as measured in Ussing chambers. Circular dichroism studies further reveal that intact NSP4 and the enterotoxic peptide (NSP4114-135) that is located within the extended, C-terminal amphipathic helix preferentially interact with caveola-like model membranes. We now show colocalization of NSP4 and caveolin-1 in NSP4-transfected and rotavirus-infected mammalian cells in reticular structures surrounding the nucleus …

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Terpenes And Carbohydrate Source Influence Rumen Fermentation, Digestibility, Intake, And Preference In Sheep, J. J. Villalba, F. D. Provenza, K. C. Olson Jan 2006

Terpenes And Carbohydrate Source Influence Rumen Fermentation, Digestibility, Intake, And Preference In Sheep, J. J. Villalba, F. D. Provenza, K. C. Olson

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

We hypothesized that toxins and nutrients in foods interact to influence foraging behavior by herbivores. Based on this hypothesis we predicted that 1) terpenes in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) influence intake and preference in sheep for diets varying in sources of nonstructural (barley grain) and structural (sugar beet pulp) carbohydrates, and 2) these effects are due to the differential effects of terpenes on fermentation products and apparent digestibility of each class of carbohydrates. Lambs were fed 2 isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets with varying proportions of the same ingredients (beet pulp- and barley grain-based diet) or offered a choice between the …

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Trehalose Uptake Through P2x7 Purinergic Channels Provides Dehydration Protection, Gloria D. Elliott, Jennifer L. Cusick, Xiang-Hong Liu, Michael A. Menze, Trudy Witt, Steven C. Hand, Mehmet Toner Jan 2006

Trehalose Uptake Through P2x7 Purinergic Channels Provides Dehydration Protection, Gloria D. Elliott, Jennifer L. Cusick, Xiang-Hong Liu, Michael A. Menze, Trudy Witt, Steven C. Hand, Mehmet Toner

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The tetra-anionic form of ATP (ATP4-) is known to induce monovalent and divalent ion fluxes in cells that express purinergic P2X7 receptors (Steinberg et al., 1987; Sung et al., 1985), and with sustained application of ATP it has been shown that dyes as large as 831 daltons can permeate the cell membrane (Steinberg et al, 1987). The current study explores the kinetics of loading α,α-trehalose (342 daltons) into ATP stimulated J774.A1 cells, which are known to express the purinergic P2X7 receptor (Steinberg et al., 1987). Cells that were incubated at 37 ̊C in a 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) …

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Flora And Vegetation Of Coneflower Glacial Drift Hill Prairie Natural Area, Moultrie County, Illinois, Gordon C. Tucker, Nicholas L. Owens, John E. Ebinger Jan 2006

Flora And Vegetation Of Coneflower Glacial Drift Hill Prairie Natural Area, Moultrie County, Illinois, Gordon C. Tucker, Nicholas L. Owens, John E. Ebinger

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The vascular flora of Coneflower Glacial Drift Hill Prairie Natural Area in Moultrie County, east-central Illinois, was studied during the growing seasons of 2002 and 2003. The prairie is located on a steep SW-facing hillside of the Cerro Gordo Glacial Moraine, overlooking the Kaskaskia River Valley and Lake Shelbyville. The flora was documented by general reconnaissance, and the structure of the vegetation was sampled in September 2003 using 0.25 m2 plots placed along two transects. The site supported 164 vascular plant species (including one named hybrid). The native grasses with the highest importance values were Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem) and …

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Additions To The Flora Of Rhode Island, Gordon C. Tucker Jan 2006

Additions To The Flora Of Rhode Island, Gordon C. Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The recent checklist of Rhode Island plants (Gould et al. 1998) provides an excellent documentation of the state's vascular flora. Although geographically distant, I have continued to maintain an interest in the flora of my home state since my first publication on the subject (Tucker 1978). Over the past several years, I have made a few collections that are new records for the state flora. Most are non-native species, and are enumerated below by family.

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Sequence Analysis Of Nuclear Rdna Of Anastrepha Suspensa, Ann H. Fritz Jan 2006

Sequence Analysis Of Nuclear Rdna Of Anastrepha Suspensa, Ann H. Fritz

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

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Fungal Spore Dispersal By The Eastern Box Turtle (Terrapene Carolina Carolina), S. C. Jones, W. J. Jordan, Scott J. Meiners, A. N. Miller, A. S. Methven Jan 2006

Fungal Spore Dispersal By The Eastern Box Turtle (Terrapene Carolina Carolina), S. C. Jones, W. J. Jordan, Scott J. Meiners, A. N. Miller, A. S. Methven

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Although spores from most macrofungi are wind- or water-dispersed, dispersal may also occur via biotic vectors. The Eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina) is a facultative mycovore that may play an important role in fungal spore dispersal although, to date, no information exists on fungi occurring in fecal samples of box turtles or on the ecological significance of box turtles as spore dispersal vectors. Consequently, a study of the potential for Eastern box turtles to act as vectors for spore dispersal was initiated by capturing wild turtles and collecting fecal samples. Serial dilutions from fecal samples were made to enumerate …

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Eastern Bluebirds Eject Brown-Headed Cowbird Eggs, Brian Peer, Lyndon Hawkins, Edwin Steinke, Patricia Bollinger, Eric Bollinger Jan 2006

Eastern Bluebirds Eject Brown-Headed Cowbird Eggs, Brian Peer, Lyndon Hawkins, Edwin Steinke, Patricia Bollinger, Eric Bollinger

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The relationship between the Brownheaded Cowbird (Molothrus ater) and its cavitynesting hosts has received little attention because of the assumption that cowbirds rarely parasitize these hosts. We tested the Eastern Bluebird (Sialia sialis), a host that is sometimes heavily parasitized by cowbirds, for egg ejection behavior. Bluebirds ejected 65% of experimentally added cowbird eggs (n = 20), but ejected no experimentally added conspecific eggs (n = 66). This suggests that cowbird parasitism, not conspecific brood parasitism, is the selective pressure responsible for egg ejection in this species. This level of rejection may be conservative because bluebirds nest in dark cavities, …

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Comparative Vegetative Anatomy And Systematics Of The Angraecoids (Vandeae, Orchidaceae) With An Emphasis On The Leafless Habit, Barbara Carlsward, William Stern, Benny Bytebier Jan 2006

Comparative Vegetative Anatomy And Systematics Of The Angraecoids (Vandeae, Orchidaceae) With An Emphasis On The Leafless Habit, Barbara Carlsward, William Stern, Benny Bytebier

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The vegetative anatomy and morphology of 142 species of the angraecoid orchids (Angraecinae + Aerangidinae) and 18 species of Aeridinae were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Leafless members of Vandeae were of particular interest because of their unique growth habit. Leafy and leafless members of Angraecinae and Aerangidinae were examined and compared with specimens of Aeridinae. Vandeae were homogeneous in both leaf and root anatomy. A foliar hypodermis and fibre bundles were generally absent. Stegmata with spherical silica bodies were found associated with sclerenchyma and restricted to leaves in almost all specimens examined. Distinct inner tangential wall thickenings …

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Comparative Vegetative Anatomy And Systematics Of Oncidiinae (Maxillarieae, Orchidaceae), William Stern, Barbara Carlsward Jan 2006

Comparative Vegetative Anatomy And Systematics Of Oncidiinae (Maxillarieae, Orchidaceae), William Stern, Barbara Carlsward

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Subtribe Oncidiinae comprises a vegetatively heterogeneous assemblage of species that has persistently been incapable of organization. Anatomy was considered to be a possible means to resolve the perplexity of relationships amongst the constituent taxa. The consistent occurrence of a foliar hypodermis, homogeneous mesophyll, conical silica bodies in stegmata, and ubiquitous fibre bundles in leaves provides a matrix for linking the taxa, as do the parenchymatous pith and O-thickened endodermal cell walls in roots. However, the strict consensus of the 40 genera studied was completely unresolved, suggesting that vegetative characters alone are insufficient to assess the relationships amongst these taxa, a …

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Flora And Vegetation Of Coneflower Glacial Drift Hill Prairie Natural Area, Moultrie County, Illinois, Gordon Tucker, Nicholas Owens, John Ebinger Jan 2006

Flora And Vegetation Of Coneflower Glacial Drift Hill Prairie Natural Area, Moultrie County, Illinois, Gordon Tucker, Nicholas Owens, John Ebinger

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The vascular flora of Coneflower Glacial Drift Hill Prairie Natural Area in Moultrie County, east-central Illinois, was studied during the growing seasons of 2002 and 2003. The prairie is located on a steep SW-facing hillside of the Cerro Gordo Glacial Moraine, overlooking the Kaskaskia River Valley and Lake Shelbyville. The flora was documented by general reconnaissance, and the structure of the vegetation was sampled in September 2003 using 0.25 m2 plots placed along two transects. The site supported 164 vascular plant species (including one named hybrid). The native grasses with the highest importance values were Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem) and …

Go to article

Fungal Spore Dispersal By The Eastern Box Turtle (Terrapene Carolina Carolina), S. Jones, W. Jordan, Scott Meiners, A. Miller, A. Methven Jan 2006

Fungal Spore Dispersal By The Eastern Box Turtle (Terrapene Carolina Carolina), S. Jones, W. Jordan, Scott Meiners, A. Miller, A. Methven

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Although spores from most macrofungi are wind- or water-dispersed, dispersal may also occur via biotic vectors. The Eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina) is a facultative mycovore that may play an important role in fungal spore dispersal although, to date, no information exists on fungi occurring in fecal samples of box turtles or on the ecological significance of box turtles as spore dispersal vectors. Consequently, a study of the potential for Eastern box turtles to act as vectors for spore dispersal was initiated by capturing wild turtles and collecting fecal samples. Serial dilutions from fecal samples were made to enumerate …

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Eastern Bluebirds Eject Brown-Headed Cowbird Eggs, Brian D. Peer, Lyndon R. Hawkins, Edwin P. Steinke, Patricia Blair Bollinger, Eric K. Bollinger Jan 2006

Eastern Bluebirds Eject Brown-Headed Cowbird Eggs, Brian D. Peer, Lyndon R. Hawkins, Edwin P. Steinke, Patricia Blair Bollinger, Eric K. Bollinger

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The relationship between the Brownheaded Cowbird (Molothrus ater) and its cavitynesting hosts has received little attention because of the assumption that cowbirds rarely parasitize these hosts. We tested the Eastern Bluebird (Sialia sialis), a host that is sometimes heavily parasitized by cowbirds, for egg ejection behavior. Bluebirds ejected 65% of experimentally added cowbird eggs (n = 20), but ejected no experimentally added conspecific eggs (n = 66). This suggests that cowbird parasitism, not conspecific brood parasitism, is the selective pressure responsible for egg ejection in this species. This level of rejection may be conservative because bluebirds nest in dark cavities, …

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Fossil History Of Billfishes (Xiphioidei), Harry L. Fierstine Jan 2006

Fossil History Of Billfishes (Xiphioidei), Harry L. Fierstine

Biological Sciences

This review characterizes each of the five extinct and extant families of billfishes and discusses the relevant literature. Families include: Hemingwayidae (monotypic; late Paleocene, Turkmenistan), Blochiidae (1 genus, 2 species; middle Eocene, Italy), Palaeorhynchidae (4 genera, ca. 22 species; early Eocene-possibly early Miocene, Europe, Iran, Russia, U.S.A.), Xiphiidae that includes the subfamilies Xiphiorhynchinae (1 genus, 9 species; early Eocene-late Oligocene, Egypt, Europe, U.S.A.) and Xiphiinae (monotypic; middle Miocene-present, world-wide temperate- tropical seas), and the Istiophoridae (3 genera, 13 species; middle Miocene-present; world-wide temperate-tropical seas). Billfishes first appeared in the region of the ancient Tethys Sea (or Paratethys), except for the …

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Using Latent Effects To Determine The Ecological Importance Of Dissolved Organic Matter To Marine Invertebrates, Dean E. Wendt, Collin H. Johnson Jan 2006

Using Latent Effects To Determine The Ecological Importance Of Dissolved Organic Matter To Marine Invertebrates, Dean E. Wendt, Collin H. Johnson

Biological Sciences

The uptake and utilization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by marine invertebrates is a field that has received significant attention over the past 100 years. Although it is well established that DOM is taken up by marine invertebrates, the extent to which it contributes to an animal's survival, growth, and reproduction (that is, the ecological benefits) remains largely unknown. Previous work seeking to demonstrate the putative ecological benefits of DOM uptake have examined them within a single life stage of an animal. Moreover, most of the benefits are demonstrated through indirect approaches by examining (1) mass balance, or (2) making …

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Factors That Influence Elastomeric Coating Performance: The Effect Of Coating Thickness On Basal Plate Morphology, Growth And Critical Removal Stress Of The Barnacle Balanus Amphitrite, D. E. Wendt, G. L. Kowalke, J. Kim, I. L. Singer Jan 2006

Factors That Influence Elastomeric Coating Performance: The Effect Of Coating Thickness On Basal Plate Morphology, Growth And Critical Removal Stress Of The Barnacle Balanus Amphitrite, D. E. Wendt, G. L. Kowalke, J. Kim, I. L. Singer

Biological Sciences

Silicone coatings are currently the most effective non-toxic fouling release surfaces. Understanding the mechanisms that contribute to the performance of silicone coatings is necessary to further improve their design. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of coating thickness on basal plate morphology, growth, and critical removal stress of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite. Barnacles were grown on silicone coatings of three thicknesses (0.2, 0.5 and 2 mm). Atypical (“cupped”) basal plate morphology was observed on all surfaces, although there was no relationship between coating thickness and i) the proportion of individuals with the atypical morphology, or …

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Interspecific Variation In Patterns Of Adhesion Of Marine Fouling To Silicone Surfaces, Eric R. Holm, Christopher J. Kavanagh, Anne E. Meyer, Deborah Wiebe, Brian T. Nedved, Dean Wendt, Celia M. Smith, Michael G. Hadfield, Geoff Swain, Christina D. Wood, Kathryn Truby, Judith Stein, Jean Montemarano Jan 2006

Interspecific Variation In Patterns Of Adhesion Of Marine Fouling To Silicone Surfaces, Eric R. Holm, Christopher J. Kavanagh, Anne E. Meyer, Deborah Wiebe, Brian T. Nedved, Dean Wendt, Celia M. Smith, Michael G. Hadfield, Geoff Swain, Christina D. Wood, Kathryn Truby, Judith Stein, Jean Montemarano

Biological Sciences

The adhesion of six fouling organisms: the barnacle Balanus eburneus, the gastropod mollusc Crepidula fornicata, the bivalve molluscs Crassostrea virginica and Ostrea/Dendrostrea spp., and the serpulid tubeworms Hydroides dianthus and H. elegans, to 12 silicone fouling-release surfaces was examined. Removal stress (adhesion strength) varied among the fouling species and among the surfaces. Principal component analysis of the removal stress data revealed that the fouling species fell into two distinct groups, one comprising the bivalve molluscs and tubeworms, and the other the barnacle and the gastropod mollusc. None of the silicone materials generated a minimum in removal stress …

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Lassen Volcanic National Park Small Vertebrate Inventory Project: Preliminary Results 2000-2004, John D. Perrine Jan 2006

Lassen Volcanic National Park Small Vertebrate Inventory Project: Preliminary Results 2000-2004, John D. Perrine

Biological Sciences

Biologists at Lassen Volcanic National Park in northern California conducted an inventory of non-flying small mammals, amphibians and reptiles from 2000 through 2004. The four primary habitat types in the park (brush, forest, riparian and subalpine) were each sampled at one high elevation and one mid-elevation site in the park. Each of the eight sites was sampled for four six-day periods between June and September each year using a combination of pitfall, Sherman and Tomahawk traps, coverboards and unbaited automatic camera stations. This effort yielded 12,150 captures and 776 photo detections. A total of 649 voucher specimens, representing 19 mammal, …

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The Ball Lightning Conundrum, William D. Stansfield Jan 2006

The Ball Lightning Conundrum, William D. Stansfield

Biological Sciences

The article focuses on the issue regarding the existence of ball lightning. The phenomenon regarding its existence is a reality accepted by most scientists, but how it is formed and maintained has yet to be fully explained. According to the author the rarity of ball lightning and the ease with which some of its characteristics can be confused with other Unidentified Flying Objects (UFO) that makes it unlikely to be the source of all but a few UFO reports.

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The Enigma Of Coral Castle, William D. Stansfield Jan 2006

The Enigma Of Coral Castle, William D. Stansfield

Biological Sciences

The article discusses the mystery of how Coral Castle near Miami, Florida was built. It is believed that the castle was built by a single man using only simple hand tools. The man who said to built the castle was Latvia-born Edward Leedskalnin. How he supported himself and paid for the land and tools for building a castle is an important part of the mystery.

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Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Growth Under Low-Iron Conditions And Survival Under High-Magnesium Conditions, Chia-Hsin Ju, P.S. Marie Yeung, Jessica Oesterling, Daniel A. Seigerman, Kathryn J. Boor Jan 2006

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Growth Under Low-Iron Conditions And Survival Under High-Magnesium Conditions, Chia-Hsin Ju, P.S. Marie Yeung, Jessica Oesterling, Daniel A. Seigerman, Kathryn J. Boor

Biological Sciences

Since 1996, Vibrio parahaemoiyticus serotype 03:K6 and closely related strains have been associated with an increased incidence of V. parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis worldwide, suggesting the emergence of strains with enhanced abilities to cause disease. One hypothesis for the recent emergence of V. porahaemolyticus 03:K6 and related strains is an enhanced capacity for environmental survival relative to other strains, which might result in increased human exposure to these organisms. Therefore, the objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that survival or growth characteristics of clinical V. parahaemolyticus isolates differ from those of nonclinical isolates under different environmental conditions. Twenty- six …

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Conservation Medicine On The Galápagos Islands: Partnerships Among Behavioral, Population, And Veterinary Scientists, Patricia Parker, Noah Whiteman, R. Miller Jan 2006

Conservation Medicine On The Galápagos Islands: Partnerships Among Behavioral, Population, And Veterinary Scientists, Patricia Parker, Noah Whiteman, R. Miller

Biology Department Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

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The Effect Of Prey Availability On Metabolism And Activity In The Tarantula Phormictopus Cancerides (Araneae: Theraphosidae), Benjamin Nathan Philip Jan 2006

The Effect Of Prey Availability On Metabolism And Activity In The Tarantula Phormictopus Cancerides (Araneae: Theraphosidae), Benjamin Nathan Philip

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This study examined the effect of different periods of food deprivation on resting metabolic rates (RMR) and foraging activities in tarantulas (Phormictopus cancerides). Juvenile tarantulas were separated into two feeding groups and fed once either every 5 or 30 days. Monthly feeding trials were preceded by RMR measurements. During feeding trials I compared differences between the two groups in (1) prey capture rates, (2) time to prey capture, (3) locomotory activity, and (4) the predator’s prey detection distance. RMRs increased for the well-fed group but remained consistent for individuals, fed only once a month. Time to prey capture …

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