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Articles 61 - 90 of 397
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Planarian Fragments Behave As Whole Animals, D. Le, Ziad Sabry , '21, A. Chandra, W. B. Kristan Iii, Eva-Maria S. Collins, W. B. Kristan Jr.
Planarian Fragments Behave As Whole Animals, D. Le, Ziad Sabry , '21, A. Chandra, W. B. Kristan Iii, Eva-Maria S. Collins, W. B. Kristan Jr.
Biology Faculty Works
Behavioral responses of freshwater planarians have been studied for over a century. In recent decades, behavior has been used as a readout to study planarian development and regeneration, wound healing, molecular evolution, neurotoxicology, and learning and memory. The planarian nervous system is among the simplest of the bilaterally symmetric animals, with an anterior brain attached to two ventral nerve cords interconnected by multiple commissures. We found that, in response to mechanical and near-UV stimulation, head stimulation produces turning, tail stimulation produces contraction, and trunk stimulation produces midbody elongation in the planarian Dugesia japonica. When cut into two or three pieces, …
Differences In Neurotoxic Outcomes Of Organophosphorus Pesticides Revealed Via Multi-Dimensional Screening In Adult And Regenerating Planarians, Danielle Ireland, S. Zhang, Veronica Bochenek , ' 22, J.-H. Hsieh, Christina Rabeler, Zane Meyer , '21, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Differences In Neurotoxic Outcomes Of Organophosphorus Pesticides Revealed Via Multi-Dimensional Screening In Adult And Regenerating Planarians, Danielle Ireland, S. Zhang, Veronica Bochenek , ' 22, J.-H. Hsieh, Christina Rabeler, Zane Meyer , '21, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Biology Faculty Works
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are a chemically diverse class of commonly used insecticides. Epidemiological studies suggest that low dose chronic prenatal and infant exposures can lead to life-long neurological damage and behavioral disorders. While inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is the shared mechanism of acute OP neurotoxicity, OP-induced developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) can occur independently and/or in the absence of significant AChE inhibition, implying that OPs affect alternative targets. Moreover, different OPs can cause different adverse outcomes, suggesting that different OPs act through different mechanisms. These findings emphasize the importance of comparative studies of OP toxicity. Freshwater planarians are an invertebrate system that …
Head Removal Enhances Planarian Electrotaxis, Ziad Sabry , '21, Rui Wang, A. Jahromi, Christina Rabeler, W. B. Kristan Iii, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Head Removal Enhances Planarian Electrotaxis, Ziad Sabry , '21, Rui Wang, A. Jahromi, Christina Rabeler, W. B. Kristan Iii, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Biology Faculty Works
Certain animal species utilize electric fields for communication, hunting and spatial orientation. Freshwater planarians move toward the cathode in a static electric field (cathodic electrotaxis). This planarian behavior was first described by Raymond Pearl more than a century ago. However, planarian electrotaxis has received little attention since, and the underlying mechanisms and evolutionary significance remain unknown. To close this knowledge gap, we developed an apparatus and scoring metrics for automated quantitative and mechanistic studies of planarian behavior upon exposure to a static electric field. Using this automated setup, we characterized electrotaxis in the planarian Dugesia japonica and found that this …
Nature, Data, And Power: How Hegemonies Shaped This Special Section, A. Kamath, B. Velocci, A. Wesner, N. Chen, Vincent A. Formica, B. Subramaniam, M. Rebolleda-Gómez
Nature, Data, And Power: How Hegemonies Shaped This Special Section, A. Kamath, B. Velocci, A. Wesner, N. Chen, Vincent A. Formica, B. Subramaniam, M. Rebolleda-Gómez
Biology Faculty Works
Systems of oppression—racism, colonialism, misogyny, cissexism, ableism, heteronormativity, and more—have long shaped the content and practice of science. But opportunities to reckon with these influences are rarely found within academic science, even though such critiques are well developed in the social sciences and humanities. In this special section, we attempt to bring cross-disciplinary conversations among ecology, evolution, behavior, and genetics on the one hand and critical perspectives from the social sciences and humanities on the other into the pages—and in front of the readers—of a scientific journal. In this introduction to the special section, we recount and reflect on the …
Mycophagous Beetle Females Do Not Behave Competitively During Intrasexual Interactions In Presence Of A Fungal Resource, L. D. Mitchem, Vincent A. Formica, R. Debray, Dana E. Homer , '21, E. D. Brodie Iii
Mycophagous Beetle Females Do Not Behave Competitively During Intrasexual Interactions In Presence Of A Fungal Resource, L. D. Mitchem, Vincent A. Formica, R. Debray, Dana E. Homer , '21, E. D. Brodie Iii
Biology Faculty Works
Intrasexual interactions can determine which individuals within a population have access to limited resources. Despite their potential importance on fitness generally and mating success especially, female–female interactions are not often measured in the same species where male–male interactions are well-defined. In this study, we characterized female–female interactions in Bolitotherus cornutus, a mycophagous beetle species native to Northeastern North America. We used dyadic, behavioral assays to determine whether females perform directly aggressive or indirectly exclusionary competitive behaviors. Polypore shelf fungus, an important food and egg-laying resource for B. cornutus females, is patchily distributed and of variable quality, so we tested …
At-Home Yogurt Making To Investigate Microbiology Concepts: A Remote Biology Laboratory, Tatiana Kuzmenko, Jacqueline Raetz-Vigon, Demian A. Willette
At-Home Yogurt Making To Investigate Microbiology Concepts: A Remote Biology Laboratory, Tatiana Kuzmenko, Jacqueline Raetz-Vigon, Demian A. Willette
Biology Faculty Works
The global COVID-19 pandemic has forced many educators to move their courses to the online environment with little time to adjust. It especially affected undergraduate biology laboratory courses that rely on on-campus facilities to provide students with meaningful laboratory-type experiences. Here we describe a multisession, at-home, and hands-on laboratory activity that utilizes yogurt culturing to explore microbiology concepts. We also summarize the findings of 219 undergraduate students who successfully performed this lab remotely. In small virtual groups, students learned how to make yogurt at home, formulate a testable hypothesis, run an experiment on conditions necessary for yogurt fermentation, analyze experimental …
Bumpy Stem Is An Arabidopsis Choline/Ethanolamine Kinase Required For Normal Development And Chilling Responses, Christina Rabeler, M. Chen, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky
Bumpy Stem Is An Arabidopsis Choline/Ethanolamine Kinase Required For Normal Development And Chilling Responses, Christina Rabeler, M. Chen, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky
Biology Faculty Works
Phospholipid biosynthesis is a core metabolic pathway that affects all aspects of plant growth and development. One of the earliest step in this pathway is mediated by choline/ethanolamine kinases (CEKs), enzymes in the Kennedy pathway that catalyze the synthesis of the polar head groups found on the most abundant plant phospholipids. The Arabidopsis genome encodes four CEKs. CEK1-3 have been well characterized using viable mutants while CEK4 encodes an essential gene, making it difficult to characterize its effects on plant development and responses to the environment. We have isolated an EMS-induced allele of CEK4 called bumpy stem (bst …
Seagrasses Under Times Of Change - Editorial, Gidon Winters, Mirta Teichberg, Hauke Reuter, Inés G. Viana, Demian A. Willette
Seagrasses Under Times Of Change - Editorial, Gidon Winters, Mirta Teichberg, Hauke Reuter, Inés G. Viana, Demian A. Willette
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Group And Individual Social Network Metrics Are Robust To Changes In Resource Distribution In Experimental Populations Of Forked Fungus Beetles, R. A. Costello, P. A. Cook, Vincent A. Formica, E. D. Brodie Iii
Group And Individual Social Network Metrics Are Robust To Changes In Resource Distribution In Experimental Populations Of Forked Fungus Beetles, R. A. Costello, P. A. Cook, Vincent A. Formica, E. D. Brodie Iii
Biology Faculty Works
1. Social interactions drive many important ecological and evolutionary processes. It is therefore essential to understand the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that underlie social patterns. A central tenet of the field of behavioural ecology is the expectation that the distribution of resources shapes patterns of social interactions. 2. We combined experimental manipulations with social network analyses to ask how patterns of resource distribution influence complex social interactions. 3. We experimentally manipulated the distribution of an essential food and reproductive resource in semi-natural populations of forked fungus beetles Bolitotherus cornutus. We aggregated resources into discrete clumps in half of the populations …
Hsfa1d Regulates The Kinetics Of Heat-Induced Hsp17.6 Expression In Arabidopsis, Erin J. Kast , '15, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky
Hsfa1d Regulates The Kinetics Of Heat-Induced Hsp17.6 Expression In Arabidopsis, Erin J. Kast , '15, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky
Biology Faculty Works
Arabidopsis contains four HSFA1 heat shock transcription factors (HSFA1a, HSFA1b, HSFA1d, and HSFA1e) that regulate the primary response to high temperature stress responses. These genes have overlapping functions and, while double and triple HSFA1 mutants have thermotolerance phenotypes, these genes have no reported single mutant thermotolerance phenotypes. We used an automated fluorescence microscopy system to quantitate the expression of a HSP17.6:GFP reporter with high temporal resolution to show that HSFA1d is required for normal heat-induced HSP17.6 expression. HSP17.6 expression is reduced and delayed in hsfa1d-1 mutants. This finding highlights the power of using gene …
Sustainable Seafood Using Octopus As A Model, Ian G. Gleadall, Warwick H.H. Sauer, Hassan Moustahfid, Cheryl L. Ames, Demian A. Willette
Sustainable Seafood Using Octopus As A Model, Ian G. Gleadall, Warwick H.H. Sauer, Hassan Moustahfid, Cheryl L. Ames, Demian A. Willette
Biology Faculty Works
The global catch of octopus and squid shows annual variability and demand is likely to increase for both locally-supplied and imported products. However, the vulnerability of seafood resources is now well known, the reliability of fisheries catch data is still unclear, management of cephalopod stocks is mostly rudimentary, and there is uncertainty and concern about their sustainability among fisheries managers, the fishing industry, retailers, researchers and consumers. Here, a new project is presented which aims to address and resolve ways to enhance the effectiveness of seafood sustainability in general, with the aid of a freely accessible identification and traceability tool …
Quantifying Planarian Behavior As An Introduction To Object Tracking And Signal Processing, Nicole C. Stowell, T. Goel, Vir Shetty , '22, Jocelyne Noveral, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Quantifying Planarian Behavior As An Introduction To Object Tracking And Signal Processing, Nicole C. Stowell, T. Goel, Vir Shetty , '22, Jocelyne Noveral, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Biology Faculty Works
Answers to mechanistic questions about biological phenomena require fluency in a variety of molecular biology techniques and physical concepts. Here, we present an interdisciplinary approach to introducing undergraduate students to an important problem in the areas of animal behavior and neuroscience—the neuronal control of animal behavior. In this lab module, students explore planarian behavior by quantitative image and data analysis with freely available software and low-cost resources. Planarians are ∼1–2-cm-long aquatic free-living flatworms famous for their regeneration abilities. They are inexpensive and easy to maintain, handle, and perturb, and their fairly large size allows for image acquisition with a webcam, …
Let It Rip: The Mechanics Of Self-Bisection In Asexual Planarians Determines Their Population Reproductive Strategies, T. Goel, Danielle Ireland, Vir Shetty , '22, Christina Rabeler, P. H. Diamond, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Let It Rip: The Mechanics Of Self-Bisection In Asexual Planarians Determines Their Population Reproductive Strategies, T. Goel, Danielle Ireland, Vir Shetty , '22, Christina Rabeler, P. H. Diamond, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Biology Faculty Works
Asexual freshwater planarians reproduce by transverse bisection (binary fission) into two pieces. This process produces a head and a tail, which fully regenerate within 1–2 weeks. How planarians split into two offspring—using only their musculature and substrate traction—is a challenging biomechanics problem. We found that three different species, Dugesia japonica, Girardia tigrina and Schmidtea mediterranea, have evolved three different mechanical solutions to self-bisect. Using time lapse imaging of the fission process, we quantitatively characterize the main steps of division in the three species and extract the distinct and shared key features. Across the three species, planarians actively alter …
Corticosterone's Roles In Avian Migration: Assessment Of Three Hypotheses, Carolyn M. Bauer, H. E. Watts
Corticosterone's Roles In Avian Migration: Assessment Of Three Hypotheses, Carolyn M. Bauer, H. E. Watts
Biology Faculty Works
While corticosterone (CORT) is often suggested to be an important hormone regulating processes necessary for avian migration, there has been no systematic assessment of CORT's role in migration. Prior to migration, birds increase fat stores and flight muscle size to prepare for the high energetic costs associated with long-distance flight. After attaining sufficient energetic stores, birds then make the actual decision to depart from their origin site. Once en route birds alternate between periods of flight and stopovers, during which they rest and refuel for their next bouts of endurance flight. Here, we evaluate three non-mutually exclusive hypotheses that have …
Synthesis Of Thresholds Of Ocean Acidification Impacts On Echinoderms, N. Bednaršek, P. Calosi, R. A. Feely, R. Ambrose, M. Byrne, Kit Yu Karen Chan, S. Dupont, J. L. Padilla-Gamiño, J. I. Spicer, F. Kessouri, M. Roethler, M. Sutula, S. B. Weisberg
Synthesis Of Thresholds Of Ocean Acidification Impacts On Echinoderms, N. Bednaršek, P. Calosi, R. A. Feely, R. Ambrose, M. Byrne, Kit Yu Karen Chan, S. Dupont, J. L. Padilla-Gamiño, J. I. Spicer, F. Kessouri, M. Roethler, M. Sutula, S. B. Weisberg
Biology Faculty Works
Assessing the vulnerability of marine invertebrates to ocean acidification (OA) requires an understanding of critical thresholds at which developmental, physiological, and behavioral traits are affected. To identify relevant thresholds for echinoderms, we undertook a three-step data synthesis, focused on California Current Ecosystem (CCE) species. First, literature characterizing echinoderm responses to OA was compiled, creating a dataset comprised of >12,000 datapoints from 41 studies. Analysis of this data set demonstrated responses related to physiology, behavior, growth and development, and increased mortality in the larval and adult stages to low pH exposure. Second, statistical analyses were conducted on selected pathways to identify …
Social Communication Across Reproductive Boundaries: Hormones And The Auditory Periphery Of Songbirds And Frogs, M. D. Gall, Alexander T. Baugh, J. R. Lucas, M. A. Bee
Social Communication Across Reproductive Boundaries: Hormones And The Auditory Periphery Of Songbirds And Frogs, M. D. Gall, Alexander T. Baugh, J. R. Lucas, M. A. Bee
Biology Faculty Works
Most animals experience reproductive transitions in their lives; for instance, reaching reproductive maturity or cycling in and out of breeding condition. Some reproductive transitions are abrupt, while others are more gradual. In most cases, changes in communication between the sexes follow the time course of these reproductive transitions and are typically thought to be coordinated by steroid hormones. We know a great deal about hormonal control of communication behaviors in birds and frogs, as well as the central neural control of these behaviors. There has also been significant interest in the effects of steroid hormones on central nervous system structures …
Choosing Life Stories: Body As Teacher, .O Love, S. M. Curry, Scott F. Gilbert
Choosing Life Stories: Body As Teacher, .O Love, S. M. Curry, Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
Biological science and the larger society interact with each other. Biologists tell stories--stories such as fertilization, body development, and evolution--using the narrative structures given to them by the larger society. These stories have to be consistent with the scientific data; but what data are collected is also a social judgement. The stories that biologists have told have often emphasized competition and have often marginalized cooperative efforts. New research has shown that these competitive stories offer a very incomplete version of what is happening in our bodies, and that mutual cooperation is a major part of how the body develops and …
A Tail’S Tale: Biomechanical Roles Of Dorsal Thoracic Spine Of Barnacle Nauplii, Emily Branam , '21, J. Y. Wong, B. K. K. Chan, Kit Yu Karen Chan
A Tail’S Tale: Biomechanical Roles Of Dorsal Thoracic Spine Of Barnacle Nauplii, Emily Branam , '21, J. Y. Wong, B. K. K. Chan, Kit Yu Karen Chan
Biology Faculty Works
Many marine invertebrates have complex life histories that begin with a planktonic larval stage. Similar to other plankton, these larval invertebrates often possess protruding body extensions, but their function beyond predator deterrence is not well-documented. For example, the planktonic nauplii of crustaceans have spines. Using the epibiotic pedunculate barnacle Octolasmis spp., we investigated how the dorsal thoracic spine affects swimming and fluid disturbance by comparing nauplii with their spines partially removed against those with intact spines. Our motion analysis showed that amputated Octolasmis spp. swam slower, in jerkier trajectories, and were less efficient per stroke cycle than those with intact …
Moderately Elevated Glucocorticoids Increase Mate Choosiness But Do Not Affect Sexual Proceptivity Or Preferences In Female Gray Treefrogs, Alexander T. Baugh, M. D. Gall, Stewart C. Silver , '20, M. A. Bee
Moderately Elevated Glucocorticoids Increase Mate Choosiness But Do Not Affect Sexual Proceptivity Or Preferences In Female Gray Treefrogs, Alexander T. Baugh, M. D. Gall, Stewart C. Silver , '20, M. A. Bee
Biology Faculty Works
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are rarely studied in the context of female mate choice, despite the expression of receptors for these products in sexual, sensory and decision-making brain areas. Here we investigated the effects of GC concentrations on three aspects of female sexual behavior in breeding Cope's gray treefrogs (Hyla chrysoscelis): proceptivity—a measure of sexual motivation, intraspecific mate preferences, and mate choosiness. To our knowledge this is the first experimental study on the endocrine basis of mate choosiness. We predicted that mate choosiness—forfeiting an initial mate preference to pursue a suddenly more attractive mate—would be particularly impacted by elevated GCs with moderate …
Plant-Derived Drug Discovery In An Introductory Biology Laboratory Course, Tatiana Kuzmenko, Ashwarya Sharma, Demian A. Willette
Plant-Derived Drug Discovery In An Introductory Biology Laboratory Course, Tatiana Kuzmenko, Ashwarya Sharma, Demian A. Willette
Biology Faculty Works
Hands-on, inquiry-based laboratory activities are excellent opportunities to introduce first-year undergraduate students to the lab environment and to catalyze new interest in topics they may not yet know or be as enthusiastic about studying. We describe a multisession introductory laboratory activity that couples the research areas of medicinal drug discovery and plant biology. Selecting from a diversity of native California plants and broadly recognized medicinal plants, students learn and apply an assortment of basic phytochemical assays, analyze preliminary data, and then formulate hypothesis-driven follow-up experiments. Working in small groups, students develop shared project management and collaboration skills, and present activity …
Male Competition Reverses Female Preference For Male Chemical Cues, Z. Vilella-Pacheco, L. D. Mitchem, Vincent A. Formica, E. D. Brodie Iii
Male Competition Reverses Female Preference For Male Chemical Cues, Z. Vilella-Pacheco, L. D. Mitchem, Vincent A. Formica, E. D. Brodie Iii
Biology Faculty Works
Females must choose among potential mates with different phenotypes in a variety of social contexts. Many male traits are inherent and unchanging, but others are labile to social context. Competition, for example, can cause physiological changes that reflect recent wins and losses that fluctuate throughout time. We may expect females to respond differently to males depending on the outcome of their most recent fight. In Bolitotherus cornutus (forked fungus beetles), males compete for access to females, but copulation requires female cooperation. In this study, we use behavioral trials to determine whether females use chemical cues to differentiate between males and …
Ectopic Expression Of Pericentric Hsatii Rna Results In Nuclear Rna Accumulation, Mecp2 Recruitment, And Cell Division Defects, C. C. Landers, Christina Rabeler, E. K. Ferrari, Lia R. D'Alessandro , '21, D. D. Kang, J. Malisa, Safia M. Bashir , '20, Dawn M. Carone
Ectopic Expression Of Pericentric Hsatii Rna Results In Nuclear Rna Accumulation, Mecp2 Recruitment, And Cell Division Defects, C. C. Landers, Christina Rabeler, E. K. Ferrari, Lia R. D'Alessandro , '21, D. D. Kang, J. Malisa, Safia M. Bashir , '20, Dawn M. Carone
Biology Faculty Works
Within the pericentric regions of human chromosomes reside large arrays of tandemly repeated satellite sequences. Expression of the human pericentric satellite HSATII is prevented by extensive heterochromatin silencing in normal cells, yet in many cancer cells, HSATII RNA is aberrantly expressed and accumulates in large nuclear foci in cis. Expression and aggregation of HSATII RNA in cancer cells is concomitant with recruitment of key chromatin regulatory proteins including methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2). While HSATII expression has been observed in a wide variety of cancer cell lines and tissues, the effect of its expression is unknown. We tested the effect …
Sirtuin-Dependent Recovery From Aerial Heat Shock: The Effects Of Food Ration, Thermal History, And Sirtuin Inhibition On Clearance Rates And Valve Gape Activity Of The California Mussel, Mytilus Californianus (Conrad), Melissa A. May, Maya K. Feezell, Silvano J. Gonzalez, M. Christina Vasquez, Anne E. Todgham, Lars Tomanek
Sirtuin-Dependent Recovery From Aerial Heat Shock: The Effects Of Food Ration, Thermal History, And Sirtuin Inhibition On Clearance Rates And Valve Gape Activity Of The California Mussel, Mytilus Californianus (Conrad), Melissa A. May, Maya K. Feezell, Silvano J. Gonzalez, M. Christina Vasquez, Anne E. Todgham, Lars Tomanek
Biology Faculty Works
Intertidal mussels regularly experience seasonal fluctuations in food availability and heat stress over the course of a tidal cycle, yet little is known about the biochemical mechanisms linking food ration and thermal tolerance, despite evidence that food enhances stress tolerance at the organismal level. We hypothesized that sirtuins (food-dependent protein regulators of cellular homeostasis), which may regulate the cellular stress response of mytilids during heat stress, also affect organismal performance during recovery from heat stress. As part of a broader study, we investigated the effects of acclimation food ration, acclimation emersion (air) temperature, and sirtuin inhibitors on the feeding behavior …
From Coast To Coast To Coast: Ecology And Management Of Eelgrass Systems Across Canada, Sarah Joy Bittick
From Coast To Coast To Coast: Ecology And Management Of Eelgrass Systems Across Canada, Sarah Joy Bittick
Biology Faculty Works
Seagrass meadows are among the most productive and diverse marine ecosystems, providing essential structure, functions, and services. They are also among the most impacted by human activities and in urgent need of better management and protection. In Canada, eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadows are found along the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic coasts, and thus occur across a wide range of biogeographic conditions. Here, we synthesize knowledge of eelgrass ecosystems across Canada’s coasts, highlighting commonalities and differences in environmental conditions, plant, habitat, and community structure, as well as current trends and human impacts. Across regions, eelgrass life history, phenology, and general species …
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 1 And Aurora Kinase Choreograph Mitotic Storage And Redistribution Of A Growth Factor Receptor, C. D. Cota, M. S. Dreier , '20, W. Colgan, A. Cha, Twan Sia , '21, Bradley Justin Davidson , '91
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 1 And Aurora Kinase Choreograph Mitotic Storage And Redistribution Of A Growth Factor Receptor, C. D. Cota, M. S. Dreier , '20, W. Colgan, A. Cha, Twan Sia , '21, Bradley Justin Davidson , '91
Biology Faculty Works
Endosomal trafficking of receptors and associated proteins plays a critical role in signal processing. Until recently, it was thought that trafficking was shut down during cell division. Thus, remarkably, the regulation of trafficking during division remains poorly characterized. Here we delineate the role of mitotic kinases in receptor trafficking during asymmetric division. Targeted perturbations reveal that Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 (CDK1) and Aurora Kinase promote storage of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) by suppressing endosomal degradation and recycling pathways. As cells progress through metaphase, loss of CDK1 activity permits differential degradation and targeted recycling of stored receptors, leading to asymmetric induction. …
Alternative Promoter Use Governs The Expression Of Iglon Cell Adhesion Molecules In Histogenetic Fields Of The Embryonic Mouse Brain, T. Jagomäe, K. Singh, M.-A. Philips, M. Jayaram, K. Seppa, T. Tekko, Scott F. Gilbert, E. Vasar, K. Lilleväli
Alternative Promoter Use Governs The Expression Of Iglon Cell Adhesion Molecules In Histogenetic Fields Of The Embryonic Mouse Brain, T. Jagomäe, K. Singh, M.-A. Philips, M. Jayaram, K. Seppa, T. Tekko, Scott F. Gilbert, E. Vasar, K. Lilleväli
Biology Faculty Works
The members of the IgLON superfamily of cell adhesion molecules facilitate fundamental cellular communication during brain development, maintain functional brain circuitry, and are associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, autism, schizophrenia, and intellectual disabilities. Usage of alternative promoter-specific 1a and 1b mRNA isoforms in Lsamp, Opcml, Ntm, and the single promoter of Negr1 in the mouse and human brain has been previously described. To determine the precise spatiotemporal expression dynamics of Lsamp, Opcml, Ntm isoforms, and Negr1, in the developing brain, we generated isoform-specific RNA probes and carried out in situ hybridization in the developing (embryonic, E10.5, E11.5, …
A Functional Genomics Screen Identifying Blood Cell Development Genes In Drosophila By Undergraduates Participating In A Course-Based Research Experience, Cory J. Evans, John M. Olson, Bama Charan Mondal, Pratyush Kandimalla, Ariano Abbasi, Mai M. Abdusamad, Osvaldo Acosta, Julia A. Ainsworth, Haris M. Akram, Ralph B. Albert, Elitzander Alegria-Leal, Kai Y. Alexander, Angelica C. Ayala, Nataliya S. Balashova, Rebecca M. Barber, Harmanjit Bassi, Sean P. Bennion, Miriam Beyder, Kush V. Bhatt, Chinmay Bhoot, Aaron W. Bradshaw, Tierney G. Brannigan, Boyu Cao, Yancey Y. Cashell, Timothy Chai, Alex W. Chan, Carissa Chan, Inho Chang, Jonathan Chang, Michael T. Chang, Patrick W. Chang, Stephen Chang, Neel Chari
A Functional Genomics Screen Identifying Blood Cell Development Genes In Drosophila By Undergraduates Participating In A Course-Based Research Experience, Cory J. Evans, John M. Olson, Bama Charan Mondal, Pratyush Kandimalla, Ariano Abbasi, Mai M. Abdusamad, Osvaldo Acosta, Julia A. Ainsworth, Haris M. Akram, Ralph B. Albert, Elitzander Alegria-Leal, Kai Y. Alexander, Angelica C. Ayala, Nataliya S. Balashova, Rebecca M. Barber, Harmanjit Bassi, Sean P. Bennion, Miriam Beyder, Kush V. Bhatt, Chinmay Bhoot, Aaron W. Bradshaw, Tierney G. Brannigan, Boyu Cao, Yancey Y. Cashell, Timothy Chai, Alex W. Chan, Carissa Chan, Inho Chang, Jonathan Chang, Michael T. Chang, Patrick W. Chang, Stephen Chang, Neel Chari
Biology Faculty Works
Undergraduate students participating in the UCLA Undergraduate Research Consortium for Functional Genomics (URCFG) have conducted a two-phased screen using RNA interference (RNAi) in combination with fluorescent reporter proteins to identify genes important for hematopoiesis in Drosophila. This screen disrupted the function of approximately 3500 genes and identified 137 candidate genes for which loss of function leads to observable changes in the hematopoietic development. Targeting RNAi to maturing, progenitor, and regulatory cell types identified key subsets that either limit or promote blood cell maturation. Bioinformatic analysis reveals gene enrichment in several previously uncharacterized areas, including RNA processing and export and vesicular …
Characterizing Industrial And Artisanal Fishing Vessel Catch Composition Using Environmental Dna And Satellite-Based Tracking Data, Demian A. Willette, Gabriela Navarrete-Forero, Zachary Gold, Apollo Marco D. Lizano, Leonardo Gonzalez-Smith, Giovanna Sotil
Characterizing Industrial And Artisanal Fishing Vessel Catch Composition Using Environmental Dna And Satellite-Based Tracking Data, Demian A. Willette, Gabriela Navarrete-Forero, Zachary Gold, Apollo Marco D. Lizano, Leonardo Gonzalez-Smith, Giovanna Sotil
Biology Faculty Works
The decline in wild-caught fisheries paired with increasing global seafood demand is pushing the need for seafood sustainability to the forefront of national and regional priorities. Validation of species identity is a crucial early step, yet conventional monitoring and surveillance tools are limited in their effectiveness because they are extremely time-consuming and require expertise in fish identification. DNA barcoding methods are a versatile tool for the genetic monitoring of wildlife products; however, they are also limited by requiring individual tissue samples from target specimens which may not always be possible given the speed and scale of seafood operations. To circumvent …
Npc1 Deficiency Impairs Cerebellar Postnatal Development Of Microglia And Climbing Fiber Refinement In A Mouse Model Of Niemann–Pick Disease Type C, B. R. Boyle, S. E. Melli, R. S. Altreche, Z. M. Padron, F. A. K. Yousufzai, S. Kim, M. D. Vasquez, Dawn M. Carone, B. R. Carone, I. Soto
Npc1 Deficiency Impairs Cerebellar Postnatal Development Of Microglia And Climbing Fiber Refinement In A Mouse Model Of Niemann–Pick Disease Type C, B. R. Boyle, S. E. Melli, R. S. Altreche, Z. M. Padron, F. A. K. Yousufzai, S. Kim, M. D. Vasquez, Dawn M. Carone, B. R. Carone, I. Soto
Biology Faculty Works
Little is known about the effects of NPC1 deficiency in brain development and whether these effects contribute to neurodegeneration in Niemann–Pick disease type C (NPC). Degeneration of cerebellar Purkinje cells occurs at an earlier stage and to a greater extent in NPC; therefore, we analyzed the effect of NPC1 deficiency on microglia and on climbing fiber synaptic refinement during cerebellar postnatal development using the Npc1ⁿᵐᶠ¹⁶⁴ mouse. Our analysis revealed that NPC1 deficiency leads to early phenotypic changes in microglia that are not associated with an innate immune response. However, the lack of NPC1 in Npc1ⁿᵐᶠ¹⁶⁴ mice significantly affected the early …
Inconclusive Evidence Of Sexual Reproduction Of Invasive Halophila Stipulacea: A New Field Guide To Encourage Investigation Of Flower And Fruit Production Throughout Its Invasive Range, Fee O.H. Smulders, Kelcie L. Chiquillo, Demian A. Willette, Paul H. Barber, Marjolijn J.A. Christianen
Inconclusive Evidence Of Sexual Reproduction Of Invasive Halophila Stipulacea: A New Field Guide To Encourage Investigation Of Flower And Fruit Production Throughout Its Invasive Range, Fee O.H. Smulders, Kelcie L. Chiquillo, Demian A. Willette, Paul H. Barber, Marjolijn J.A. Christianen
Biology Faculty Works
The dioecious seagrass species Halophila stipulacea reproduces mainly through fast clonal growth, underlying its invasive behavior. Here, we provide morphological evidence to show that the first findings of fruits in the Caribbean were misidentified. Consequently, H. stipulacea reproduction is likely still only asexual in the Caribbean. Therefore, we introduce an identification key of H. stipulacea reproductive structures to encourage careful identification and quantification throughout its invasive range. Until large-scale seed production in invaded habitats is reported, the apparent low rate of sexual reproduction needs to be considered in current studies investigating the invasion capacity of this species.