Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Genetics and Genomics (27)
- Genetics (25)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (23)
- Cell and Developmental Biology (18)
- Evolution (18)
-
- Systems Biology (17)
- Microbiology (12)
- Cell Biology (10)
- Neuroscience and Neurobiology (10)
- Developmental Biology (8)
- Marine Biology (7)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (5)
- Computer Sciences (3)
- Education (2)
- Engineering (2)
- Animal Sciences (1)
- Aquaculture and Fisheries (1)
- Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (1)
- Biodiversity (1)
- Bioinformatics (1)
- Biophysics (1)
- Computational Biology (1)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (1)
- Environmental Sciences (1)
- Genomics (1)
- Higher Education (1)
- Mathematics (1)
- Physics (1)
- Keyword
-
- Behavior (9)
- Climate change (6)
- Developmental neurotoxicity (6)
- Planarian (6)
- Corticosterone (5)
-
- Stress (5)
- Bolitotherus cornutus (4)
- Evolution (4)
- Herbivory (4)
- New approach method (4)
- Alternative animal models (3)
- Biomechanics (3)
- Birds (3)
- Dugesia japonica (3)
- Eastern Coyote (3)
- Heat shock (3)
- IgLON (3)
- Image analysis (3)
- Inquiry-based learning (3)
- Macroalgae (3)
- Planarians (3)
- Tunicates (3)
- Allozymes (2)
- Anthropogenic disturbance (2)
- Caribbean Sea (2)
- Carnivore (2)
- Centromere (2)
- Chordate evolution (2)
- Clearance rate (2)
- Competition (2)
- Publication Year
Articles 121 - 150 of 397
Full-Text Articles in Biology
A Rapidly Expanding Alga Acts As A Secondary Foundational Species Providing Novel Ecosystem Functions In The South Pacific, Sarah Joy Bittick
A Rapidly Expanding Alga Acts As A Secondary Foundational Species Providing Novel Ecosystem Functions In The South Pacific, Sarah Joy Bittick
Biology Faculty Works
Foundation species facilitate associated communities and provide key ecosystem functions, making anthropogenically driven phase-shifts involving these species critically important. One well documented such phase-shift has been from coral to algal domination on tropical reefs. On South Pacific coral reefs, the macroalga Turbinaria ornata has expanded its range and habitat but, unlike algae that often dominate after phase-shifts, T. ornata is structurally complex and generally unpalatable to herbivores. Therefore, it may serve a foundational role on coral reefs, such as providing habitat structure to more palatable primary producers and corresponding trophic support to fishes. We predicted increasing T. ornata density would …
Comparative Analysis Of Zebrafish And Planarian Model Systems For Developmental Neurotoxicity Screens Using An 87-Compound Library, D. Hagstrom, L. Truong, S. Zhang, R. Tanguay, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Comparative Analysis Of Zebrafish And Planarian Model Systems For Developmental Neurotoxicity Screens Using An 87-Compound Library, D. Hagstrom, L. Truong, S. Zhang, R. Tanguay, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Biology Faculty Works
There is a clear need to establish and validate new methodologies to more quickly and efficiently screen chemicals for potential toxic effects, particularly on development. The emergence of alternative animal systems for rapid toxicology screens presents valuable opportunities to evaluate how systems complement each other. In this article, we compare a chemical library of 87-compounds in two such systems, developing zebrafish and freshwater planarians, by screening for developmental neurotoxic effects. We show that the systems’ toxicological profiles are complementary to each other, with zebrafish yielding more detailed morphological endpoints and planarians more behavioral endpoints. Overall, zebrafish was more sensitive to …
Understories: A Common Ground For Art And Science, Scott F. Gilbert, S. R. Gilbert
Understories: A Common Ground For Art And Science, Scott F. Gilbert, S. R. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Expression-Based Cell Lineage Analysis In Drosophila Through A Course-Based Research Experience For Early Undergraduates, John M. Olson, Cory J. Evans, Kathy T. Ngo, Hee Jong Kim, Joseph Duy Nguyen, Kayla G.H. Gurley, Truc Ta, Vijay Patel, Lisa Han, Khoa T. Truong-N, Letty Liang, Maggie K. Chu, Hiu Lam, Hannah G. Ahn, Abhik Kumar Banerjee, In Young Choi, Ross G. Kelley, Naseem Moridzadeh, Awais M. Khan, Omair Khan, Szuyao Lee, Elizabeth B. Johnson, Annie Tigranyan, Jay Wang, Anand D. Gandhi, Manish M. Padhiar, Joseph Hargan Calvopina, Kirandeep Sumra, Kristy Ou, Jessie C. Wu, Joseph N. Dickan, Sabrena M. Ahmadi, Donald N. Allen
Expression-Based Cell Lineage Analysis In Drosophila Through A Course-Based Research Experience For Early Undergraduates, John M. Olson, Cory J. Evans, Kathy T. Ngo, Hee Jong Kim, Joseph Duy Nguyen, Kayla G.H. Gurley, Truc Ta, Vijay Patel, Lisa Han, Khoa T. Truong-N, Letty Liang, Maggie K. Chu, Hiu Lam, Hannah G. Ahn, Abhik Kumar Banerjee, In Young Choi, Ross G. Kelley, Naseem Moridzadeh, Awais M. Khan, Omair Khan, Szuyao Lee, Elizabeth B. Johnson, Annie Tigranyan, Jay Wang, Anand D. Gandhi, Manish M. Padhiar, Joseph Hargan Calvopina, Kirandeep Sumra, Kristy Ou, Jessie C. Wu, Joseph N. Dickan, Sabrena M. Ahmadi, Donald N. Allen
Biology Faculty Works
A variety of genetic techniques have been devised to determine cell lineage relationships during tissue development. Some of these systems monitor cell lineages spatially and/or temporally without regard to gene expression by the cells, whereas others correlate gene expression with the lineage under study. The GAL4 Technique for Real-time and Clonal Expression (G-TRACE) system allows for rapid, fluorescent protein-based visualization of both current and past GAL4 expression patterns and is therefore amenable to genome-wide expression-based lineage screens. Here we describe the results from such a screen, performed by undergraduate students of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Undergraduate Research …
Actuarial Senescence In A Dimorphic Bird: Different Rates Of Ageing In Morphs With Discrete Reproductive Strategies, M. L. Grunst, A. S. Grunst, Vincent A. Formica, M. L. Korody, A. M. Betuel, M. Barcelo-Serra, R. A. Gonser, E. M. Tuttle
Actuarial Senescence In A Dimorphic Bird: Different Rates Of Ageing In Morphs With Discrete Reproductive Strategies, M. L. Grunst, A. S. Grunst, Vincent A. Formica, M. L. Korody, A. M. Betuel, M. Barcelo-Serra, R. A. Gonser, E. M. Tuttle
Biology Faculty Works
It is often hypothesized that intra-sexual competition accelerates actuarial senescence, or the increase in mortality rates with age. However, an alternative hypothesis is that parental investment is more important to determining senescence rates. We used a unique model system, the white-throated sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis), to study variation in actuarial senescence. In this species, genetically determined morphs display discrete mating strategies and disassortative pairing, providing an excellent opportunity to test the predictions of the above hypotheses. Compared to tan-striped males, white-striped males are more polygynous and aggressive, and less parental. Tan-striped females receive less parental support, and invest more into parental …
The Waiting And Mating Game: Condition Dependent Mate Sampling In Female Gray Treefrogs (Hyla Versicolor), Brandon L. Bastien , '17, Gracie M. Farley , '17, Francis Ge , '17, Jacob S. Malin , '18, Casey Lu Simon-Plumb , '18, Desta M. Pulley , '17, Claire Yang , '18, Alexander T. Baugh
The Waiting And Mating Game: Condition Dependent Mate Sampling In Female Gray Treefrogs (Hyla Versicolor), Brandon L. Bastien , '17, Gracie M. Farley , '17, Francis Ge , '17, Jacob S. Malin , '18, Casey Lu Simon-Plumb , '18, Desta M. Pulley , '17, Claire Yang , '18, Alexander T. Baugh
Biology Faculty Works
Strong sexual selection by receivers can lead to the evolution of elaborate courtship behaviors in signalers. However the process by which receivers sample signalers and execute mate choice under complex signaling conditions—and thus the realized strength of sexual section—is poorly understood. Moreover, receivers can vary in condition, which can further influence mate sampling strategies. Using wild female frogs we tested two hypotheses at the intersection of these important problems: that some of the individual variation in mate sampling is explained by (1) the reproductive urgency hypothesis, which predicts that receivers in a more urgent reproductive state will sample mates less …
Achilles And The Tortoise: Some Caveats To Mathematical Modeling In Biology, Scott F. Gilbert
Achilles And The Tortoise: Some Caveats To Mathematical Modeling In Biology, Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
Mathematical modeling has recently become a much-lauded enterprise, and many funding agencies seek to prioritize this endeavor. However, there are certain dangers associated with mathematical modeling, and knowledge of these pitfalls should also be part of a biologist's training in this set of techniques. (1) Mathematical models are limited by known science; (2) Mathematical models can tell what can happen, but not what did happen; (3) A model does not have to conform to reality, even if it is logically consistent; (4) Models abstract from reality, and sometimes what they eliminate is critically important; (5) Mathematics can present a Platonic …
Health Fetishism Among The Nacirema: A Fugue On Jenny Reardon’S "The Postgenomic Condition: Ethics, Justice, And Knowledge After The Genome" (Chicago University Press, 2017) And Isabelle Stengers’ "Another Science Is Possible: A Manifesto For Slow Science" (Polity Press, 2018), Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
Personalized medicine has become a goal of genomics and of health policy makers. This article reviews two recent books that are highly critical of this approach, finding their arguments very thoughtful and important. According to Stengers, biology’s rush to become a science of genome sequences has made it part of the “speculative economy of promise.” Reardon claims that the postgenomic condition is the attempt to find meaning in all the troves of data that have been generated. The current paper attempts to extend these arguments by showing that scientific alternatives such as ecological developmental biology and the tissue organization field …
Multi-Behavioral Endpoint Testing Of An 87-Chemical Compound Library In Freshwater Planarians, S. Zhang, D. Hagstrom, P. Hayes, A. Graham, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Multi-Behavioral Endpoint Testing Of An 87-Chemical Compound Library In Freshwater Planarians, S. Zhang, D. Hagstrom, P. Hayes, A. Graham, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Biology Faculty Works
There is an increased recognition in the field of toxicology of the value of medium-to-high-throughput screening methods using in vitro and alternative animal models. We have previously introduced the asexual freshwater planarian Dugesia japonica as a new alternative animal model and proposed that it is particularly well-suited for the study of developmental neurotoxicology. In this paper, we discuss how we have expanded and automated our screening methodology to allow for fast screening of multiple behavioral endpoints, developmental toxicity, and mortality. Using an 87-compound library provided by the National Toxicology Program (NTP), consisting of known and suspected neurotoxicants, including drugs, flame …
The Combined Impact Of Iglon Family Proteins Lsamp And Neurotrimin On Developing Neurons And Behavioral Profiles In Mouse, K. Singh, K. Lilleväli, Scott F. Gilbert, A. Bregin, J. Narvik, M. Jayaram, M. Rahi, J. Innos, A. Kaasik, E. Vasar, M.-A. Philips
The Combined Impact Of Iglon Family Proteins Lsamp And Neurotrimin On Developing Neurons And Behavioral Profiles In Mouse, K. Singh, K. Lilleväli, Scott F. Gilbert, A. Bregin, J. Narvik, M. Jayaram, M. Rahi, J. Innos, A. Kaasik, E. Vasar, M.-A. Philips
Biology Faculty Works
Cell surface neural adhesion proteins are critical components in the complex orchestration of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and neuritogenesis essential for proper brain construction and behavior. We focused on the impact of two plasticity-associated IgLON family neural adhesion molecules, Neurotrimin (Ntm) and Limbic system associated membrane protein (Lsamp), on mouse behavior and its underlying neural development. Phenotyping neurons derived from the hippocampi of Lsamp−/−, Ntm−/− and Lsamp−/−Ntm−/− mice was performed in parallel with behavioral testing. While the anatomy of mutant brains revealed no gross changes, the Ntm−/− hippocampal neurons exhibited premature sprouting of neurites and manifested accelerated neurite elongation and branching. …
Morph-Specific Patterns Of Reproductive Senescence: Connections To Discrete Reproductive Strategies, A. S. Grunst, M. L. Grunst, Vincent A. Formica, M. L. Korody, A. M. Betuel, M. Barcelo-Serra, S. Ford, R. A. Gonser, E. M. Tuttle
Morph-Specific Patterns Of Reproductive Senescence: Connections To Discrete Reproductive Strategies, A. S. Grunst, M. L. Grunst, Vincent A. Formica, M. L. Korody, A. M. Betuel, M. Barcelo-Serra, S. Ford, R. A. Gonser, E. M. Tuttle
Biology Faculty Works
How reproductive strategies contribute to patterns of senescence in natural populations remains contentious. We studied reproductive senescence in the dimorphic white-throated sparrow, an excellent species for exploring this issue. Within both sexes the morphs use distinct reproductive strategies, and disassortative pairing by morph results in pair types with distinct parental systems. White morph birds are more colorful and aggressive than tan counterparts, and white males compete for extrapair matings, whereas tan males are more parental. Tan males and white females share parental care equally, whereas white males provide little parental support to tan females. We found morph-specific patterns of reproductive …
Reflections On Contributing To “Big Discoveries” About The Fly Clock: Our Fortunate Paths As Post-Docs With 2017 Nobel Laureates Jeff Hall, Michael Rosbash, And Mike Young, Kathleen King Siwicki, P. E. Hardin, J. L. Price
Reflections On Contributing To “Big Discoveries” About The Fly Clock: Our Fortunate Paths As Post-Docs With 2017 Nobel Laureates Jeff Hall, Michael Rosbash, And Mike Young, Kathleen King Siwicki, P. E. Hardin, J. L. Price
Biology Faculty Works
In the early 1980s Jeff Hall and Michael Rosbash at Brandeis University and Mike Young at Rockefeller University set out to isolate the period (per) gene, which was recovered in a revolutionary genetic screen by Ron Konopka and Seymour Benzer for mutants that altered circadian behavioral rhythms. Over the next 15 years the Hall, Rosbash and Young labs made a series of groundbreaking discoveries that defined the molecular timekeeping mechanism and formed the basis for them being awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Here the authors recount their experiences as post-docs in the Hall, Rosbash and Young …
Studying Planarian Regeneration Aboard The International Space Station Within The Student Space Flight Experimental Program, Vista Ssep Mission 11 Team, D. Hagstrom, C. Bartee, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Studying Planarian Regeneration Aboard The International Space Station Within The Student Space Flight Experimental Program, Vista Ssep Mission 11 Team, D. Hagstrom, C. Bartee, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Biology Faculty Works
The growing possibilities of space travel are quickly moving from science fiction to reality. However, to realize the dream of long-term space travel, we must understand how these conditions affect biological and physiological processes. Planarians are master regenerators, famous for their ability to regenerate from very small parts of the original animal. Understanding how this self-repair works may inspire regenerative therapies in humans. Two studies conducted aboard the International Space Station (ISS) showed that planarian regeneration is possible in microgravity. One study reported no regenerative defects, whereas the other study reported behavioral and microbiome alterations post-space travel and found that …
Genetic Interactions Between Bob1 And Multiple 26s Proteasome Subunits Suggest A Role For Proteostasis In Regulating Arabidopsis Development, Elan W. Silverblatt-Buser , '12, Melissa A. Frick , '12, Christina Rabeler, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky
Genetic Interactions Between Bob1 And Multiple 26s Proteasome Subunits Suggest A Role For Proteostasis In Regulating Arabidopsis Development, Elan W. Silverblatt-Buser , '12, Melissa A. Frick , '12, Christina Rabeler, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky
Biology Faculty Works
Protein folding and degradation are both required for protein quality control, an essential cellular activity that underlies normal growth and development. We investigated how BOB1, an Arabidopsis thaliana small heat shock protein, maintains normal plant development. bob1 mutants exhibit organ polarity defects and have expanded domains of KNOX gene expression. Some of these phenotypes are ecotype specific suggesting that other genes function to modify them. Using a genetic approach we identified an interaction between BOB1 and FIL, a gene required for abaxial organ identity. We also performed an EMS enhancer screen using the bob1-3 allele to identify pathways that are …
Planarian Cholinesterase: Molecular And Functional Characterization Of An Evolutionarily Ancient Enzyme To Study Organophosphorus Pesticide Toxicity, D. Hagstrom, S. Zhang, A. Ho, E. S. Tsai, Z. Radić, A. Jahromi, K. J. Kaj, Y. He, P. Taylor, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Planarian Cholinesterase: Molecular And Functional Characterization Of An Evolutionarily Ancient Enzyme To Study Organophosphorus Pesticide Toxicity, D. Hagstrom, S. Zhang, A. Ho, E. S. Tsai, Z. Radić, A. Jahromi, K. J. Kaj, Y. He, P. Taylor, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Biology Faculty Works
The asexual freshwater planarian Dugesia japonica has emerged as a medium-throughput alternative animal model for neurotoxicology. We have previously shown that D. japonica are sensitive to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and characterized the in vitro inhibition profile of planarian cholinesterase (DjChE) activity using irreversible and reversible inhibitors. We found that DjChE has intermediate features of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Here, we identify two candidate genes (Djche1 and Djche2) responsible for DjChE activity. Sequence alignment and structural homology modeling with representative vertebrate AChE and BChE sequences confirmed our structural predictions, and show that both DjChE enzymes have intermediate sized catalytic gorges …
Maternal Egg Hormones In The Mating Context: The Effect Of Pair Personality, S. Ruuskanen, T. G. G. Groothuis, Alexander T. Baugh, S. V. Schaper, B. De Vries, K. Van Oers
Maternal Egg Hormones In The Mating Context: The Effect Of Pair Personality, S. Ruuskanen, T. G. G. Groothuis, Alexander T. Baugh, S. V. Schaper, B. De Vries, K. Van Oers
Biology Faculty Works
1. Animal personality traits emerge developmentally from the interaction of genetic and early environmental factors. Maternal hormones, such as androgens (testosterone, T and androstenedione, A4), transferred to embryos and egg yolks may simultaneously organize multiple behavioural and physiological traits. Although previous studies demonstrated an association between the mother's personality and yolk androgen levels, the independent effects of the male partner's personality and pair combination remains unknown. 2. We test this association using an ecological model species for personality research, the great tit (Parus major) using multiple approaches: (1) a wild population, (2) a randomly mated captive population and (3) an …
Multiple Signaling Functions Of Song In A Polymorphic Species With Alternative Reproductive Strategies, M. L. Grunst, A. S. Grunst, Vincent A. Formica, R. A. Gonser, E. M. Tuttle
Multiple Signaling Functions Of Song In A Polymorphic Species With Alternative Reproductive Strategies, M. L. Grunst, A. S. Grunst, Vincent A. Formica, R. A. Gonser, E. M. Tuttle
Biology Faculty Works
Vocal traits can be sexually selected to reflect male quality, but may also evolve to serve additional signaling functions. We used a long-term dataset to examine the signaling potential of song in dimorphic white-throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis). We investigated whether song conveys multifaceted information about the vocalizing individual, including fitness, species identity, individual identity, and morph. We also evaluated whether song traits correlate differently with fitness in the two morphs, as the more promiscuous strategy of white, relative to tan, morph males might impose stronger sexual selection. Males with high song rates achieved higher lifetime reproductive success, and this pattern …
Rethinking Parts And Wholes, Scott F. Gilbert
Rethinking Parts And Wholes, Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
The Holobiont With Its Hologenome Is A Level Of Selection In Evolution, Scott F. Gilbert, E. Rosenberg, I. Zilber-Rosenberg
The Holobiont With Its Hologenome Is A Level Of Selection In Evolution, Scott F. Gilbert, E. Rosenberg, I. Zilber-Rosenberg
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Informing Canada’S Commitment To Biodiversity Conservation: A Science-Based Framework To Help Guide Protected Areas Designation Through Target 1 And Beyond, Sarah Joy Bittick
Informing Canada’S Commitment To Biodiversity Conservation: A Science-Based Framework To Help Guide Protected Areas Designation Through Target 1 And Beyond, Sarah Joy Bittick
Biology Faculty Works
Biodiversity is intrinsically linked to the health of our planet—and its people. Yet, increasingly, human activities are causing the extinction of species, degrading ecosystems, and reducing nature’s resilience to climate change and other threats. As a signatory to the Convention on Biological Diversity, Canada has a legal responsibility to protect 17% of land and freshwater by 2020. Currently, Canada has protected ∼10% of its terrestrial lands, requiring a marked increase in the pace and focus of protection over the next three years. Given the distribution, extent, and geography of Canada’s current protected areas, systematic conservation planning would provide decision-makers with …
Patterns Of Uncertainty In Life-History And Extinction Risk For Arctic Vertebrates, Sarah Joy Bittick
Patterns Of Uncertainty In Life-History And Extinction Risk For Arctic Vertebrates, Sarah Joy Bittick
Biology Faculty Works
Conserving Arctic wildlife will be challenging given the ongoing environmental changes in the region. In addition, there is a lack of fundamental biological information for many Arctic species, including a dearth of knowledge surrounding conservation threats and the risk of extinction. In this study, we gather all available data on research effort and life-history traits to assess the current state of scientific knowledge surrounding 389 Arctic vertebrate species. We also quantify patterns of species evaluation by the IUCN Red List, a global database of conservation risk used to measure success and prioritize resources in many conservation programs. We find that …
Delivering On Seafood Traceability Under The New U.S. Import Monitoring Program, Demian A. Willette, Samantha H. Cheng
Delivering On Seafood Traceability Under The New U.S. Import Monitoring Program, Demian A. Willette, Samantha H. Cheng
Biology Faculty Works
The United States is the world’s largest fish importer. Recent reports, however, indicate that 25–30% of wild-caught seafood imported into the US is illegally caught, heightening concerns over the country’s significant role in driving Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing. In January 2017, NOAA enacted the Seafood Import Monitoring Program in an effort to combat IUU fishing through mandating improved seafood traceability requirements. This program requires reporting of fisheries data from harvest to arrival at the US border. Given the role of the US as a major global importer of seafood, this regulation could be a transformative action on fisheries …
A Tale Of Two Algal Blooms: Negative Effects Of Two Dominant Genera On Seagrass And Its Epiphytes, Sarah Joy Bittick
A Tale Of Two Algal Blooms: Negative Effects Of Two Dominant Genera On Seagrass And Its Epiphytes, Sarah Joy Bittick
Biology Faculty Works
Recent evidence suggests macroalgal blooms may play a role in the worldwide decline in seagrass, but the shape of the functional relationship between seagrass health and dominant bloom-forming macroalgae is poorly characterized. We tested whether the impact of varying abundances of two cosmopolitan bloom-forming macroalgal genera caused linear/quasi-linear or sudden threshold changes in measures of eelgrass, Zostera marina, meadow health. We conducted two caging experiments in a shallow Z. marina bed (∼1 m depth) in Bodega Harbor, California, USA where we maintained six densities within the range of natural abundances of macroalgae, Ulva (0-4.0 kg m-2) and Gracilariopsis (0-2.0 kg …
Rethinking Solutions To Seafood Fraud, Demian A. Willette, Samantha H. Cheng, Jerry A. Greenberg, Paul H. Barber
Rethinking Solutions To Seafood Fraud, Demian A. Willette, Samantha H. Cheng, Jerry A. Greenberg, Paul H. Barber
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Re: Edna To Identify Rare Species In Fisheries By-Catch., Demian A. Willette, Gabriella Navarrete Forego, Apollo Marco Lizano, Giovanna Sotil
Re: Edna To Identify Rare Species In Fisheries By-Catch., Demian A. Willette, Gabriella Navarrete Forego, Apollo Marco Lizano, Giovanna Sotil
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Accurate Measurement Of Main Aerosol Constituents From Heated Tobacco Products (Htps): Implications For A Fundamentally Different Aerosol, Hovik J. Gasparyan
Accurate Measurement Of Main Aerosol Constituents From Heated Tobacco Products (Htps): Implications For A Fundamentally Different Aerosol, Hovik J. Gasparyan
Biology Faculty Works
ISO 4387 Standard determines the main aerosol constituents (total particulate matter, water, nicotine, and nicotine-free-dry-particulate matter, referred to as “tar”) in cigarette mainstream smoke (ISO, 2000). Heated Tobacco Products (also called Tobacco Heating Products or Heat-not-Burn Products) are designed to form aerosol by heating tobacco rather than burning like in combustible cigarettes. In this study we have evaluated the suitability of ISO 4387 Standard to be adapted for quantifying main aerosol constituents for HTP aerosol. HTP emissions have much higher levels of water and humectants (e.g., glycerol) in dynamic equilibria between gaseous and particulate phases. Several modifications to ISO 4387 …
Breaking Boundaries In Computing In Undergraduate Courses, Kam D. Dahlquist, John David N. Dionisio, Ran Libeskind-Hadas, Anna E. Bargagliotti
Breaking Boundaries In Computing In Undergraduate Courses, Kam D. Dahlquist, John David N. Dionisio, Ran Libeskind-Hadas, Anna E. Bargagliotti
Biology Faculty Works
An important question in undergraduate curricula is that of incorporating computing into STEM courses for majors and non-majors alike. What does it mean to teach “computing” in this context? What are some of the benefits and challenges for students and instructors in such courses? This paper contributes to this important dialog by describing three undergraduate courses that have been developed and taught at Harvey Mudd College and Loyola Marymount University. Each case study describes the course objectives, implementation challenges, and assessments.
Developmental Biology, The Stem Cell Of Biological Disciplines, Scott F. Gilbert
Developmental Biology, The Stem Cell Of Biological Disciplines, Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
Developmental biology (including embryology) is proposed as "the stem cell of biological disciplines.” Genetics, cell biology, oncology, immunology, evolutionary mechanisms, neurobiology, and systems biology each has its ancestry in developmental biology. Moreover, developmental biology continues to roll on, budding off more disciplines, while retaining its own identity. While its descendant disciplines differentiate into sciences with a restricted set of paradigms, examples, and techniques, developmental biology remains vigorous, pluripotent, and relatively undifferentiated. In many disciplines, especially in evolutionary biology and oncology, the developmental perspective is being reasserted as an important research program.
Establishment Of Lateral Organ Asymmetries In The Invertebrate Chordate, Ciona Intestinalis, Karl Palmquist , '17, Bradley Justin Davidson , '91
Establishment Of Lateral Organ Asymmetries In The Invertebrate Chordate, Ciona Intestinalis, Karl Palmquist , '17, Bradley Justin Davidson , '91
Biology Faculty Works
Background: The evolutionary emergence and diversification of the chordates appear to involve dramatic changes in organ morphogenesis along the left/right axis. However, the ancestral chordate mechanism for establishing lateral asymmetry remains ambiguous. Additionally, links between the initial establishment of lateral asymmetry and subsequent asymmetries in organ morphogenesis are poorly characterized. Results: To explore asymmetric organ morphogenesis during chordate evolution, we have begun to characterize left/right patterning of the heart and endodermal organs in an invertebrate chordate, Ciona intestinalis. Here, we show that Ciona has a laterally asymmetric, right-sided heart. Our data indicate that cardiac lateral asymmetry requires H+/K+ ion flux, …
Melanoblast Development Coincides With The Late Emerging Cells From The Dorsal Neural Tube In Turtle Trachemys Scripta, R. Rice, J. Cebra-Thomas, M. Haugas, J. Partanen, D. P. C. Rice, Scott F. Gilbert
Melanoblast Development Coincides With The Late Emerging Cells From The Dorsal Neural Tube In Turtle Trachemys Scripta, R. Rice, J. Cebra-Thomas, M. Haugas, J. Partanen, D. P. C. Rice, Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
Ectothermal reptiles have internal pigmentation, which is not seen in endothermal birds and mammals. Here we show that the development of the dorsal neural tube-derived melanoblasts in turtle Trachemys scripta is regulated by similar mechanisms as in other amniotes, but significantly later in development, during the second phase of turtle trunk neural crest emigration. The development of melanoblasts coincided with a morphological change in the dorsal neural tube between stages mature G15 and G16. The melanoblasts delaminated and gathered in the carapacial staging area above the neural tube at G16, and differentiated into pigment-forming melanocytes during in vitro culture. The …