Biology Commons^™

How Fundamental Are Fisherian Sex Ratios?, J.J. Bull, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

On The Evolution Of Host Selection In Solitary Parasitoids, Eric Charnov, David Stephens

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Specimen Catalog, Forrest W. Davis

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Field Notes, Joseph A. Cook

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Field Notes, William L. Gannon

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Specimen Catalog, Joseph A. Cook

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

A Biosocial Perspective On Paternal Care And Involvement, Michael Lamb, Joseph Pleck, Eric Charnov, James Levine

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

On Sex Allocation And Selfing In Higher Plants, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

Sex allocation and selfing is studied in Asian wild rice.

Specimen Catalog, Forrest W. Davis

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Field Notes, Joseph A. Cook

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Miscellaneous Notes, William L. Gannon

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

The Behavioral Ecology Of The Cooperatively Breeding Harris' Hawk In Southeastern New Mexico, James Cary Bednarz

Biology ETDs

I describe the breeding pattern and system of the Harris' Hawk (Perebuteo unicinctus) and test several hypotheses that have been proposed to explain avian cooperative breeding systems. Individual Harris' Hawks were color-marked and monitored for a 40-month period in southeastern New Mexico. Between 29% and 70% of Harris' Hawk social units made a second breeding attempt in either late summer or autumn within each year, often following successful spring breeding. Clutches were initiated between 17 February and 1 November. The interbrood period was positively correlated with the size of the first brood. The number of second nests initiated was correlated …

Some Conceptual Issues In The Evolution Of Eusociality, Bill Stubblefield, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

We review natural selection for worker genes in haplodiploid organisms. We also look at how workers may act against other workers to get them to aid mom as the 'reproductive'.

Specimen Catalog, Part 1, Brian D. Frank

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Specimen Catalog, James S. Findley

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Field Notes, James S. Findley

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Biochemical Variation Of The Desert Tortoise, Gopherus Agassizi, Randy Dean Jennings

Biology ETDs

Relationships among populations of the desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizi, were assessed using starch-gel electrophoresis. Concurrently, tortoises obtained for the electrophoretic study were used in a preliminary morphological analysis. Morphologically, males differed from females in the gular shape and anal scutes, front foot width, carapacial doming, and the posterior curvature of the carapace. Only anal notch depth differed among habitats for female tortoises, while differences in gular length, front foot width, anal notch depth and width, and carapacial flatness were detected among males. Differences in foot and gular shape may reflect their importance in male:male agonistic encounters. Shell shape differences between …

Hybridization In Black-Capped (Parus Atricapillus) And Mountain (P. Gambeli) Chickadees In The Middle Rio Grande Valley Of New Mexico, William Harkness Howe

Biology ETDs

Hybridization between black-capped and mountain chickadees was examined in 238 km of riparian woodland along the Rio Grande in central New Mexico. Chickadee densities and distributions were assessed and an attempt made to locate all breeding pairs of chickadees in the 25 km where hybridization was most common. Members of each pair were identified, vegetational aspects of nest sites and territories measured, and breeding success of the different pair combinations monitored when possible.

The hybrid zone probably dates back to the early 1970's, when black-capped chickadees first bred in this portion of the Rio Grande valley. Here, both species are …

On Irreversible Evolution, James Bull, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Brood Reduction In Chihuahuan Ravens: An Experimental Study, Joe Haydock

Biology ETDs

Hypotheses concerning the adaptive significance of asynchronous hatching in relation to brood reduction were tested using experimental manipulations of brood of Chihuahuan Ravens (Corvus cryptoleucus) in southeastern New Mexico in 1981 and 1982. Additionally, in 1978 and 1979, breeding success was monitored at the study site. Several types of experimental manipulations, including the following, were performed on newly hatched nestlings: (1) The largest nestling in a nest was transferred to another nest were it was approximately equal in weight to the smallest nestling (runt) in that nest. (2) The smallest nestling of a nest was transferred to another nest where …

Security Of Infantile Attachment As Assessed In The Strange Situation: Its Study And Biological Intrepretation, Michael E. Lamb, Ross A. Thompson, William P. Gardner, Eric Charnov, David Estes

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

We study the Ainsworth 'Strange Situation' procedure to assess attachment between infant and parent, and intrepret individual variation in terms of modern human behavioral ecology ( sociobiology)

Why Are There Essential Amino Acids And Other Nutrients?, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Optimal Foraging: Some Simple Stochastic Models., D.W. Stephens, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

Some simple stochastic models of optimal foraging are considered. Firstly, mathematical renewal theory is used to make a general model of the combined processes of search, encounter, capture and handling. In the case where patches or prey items are encountered according to a Poisson process, the limiting probability distribution of energy gain is found. This distribution is found to be normal and its mean and variance are specified. This result supports the use of Hollings disc equation to specify the rate of energy intake in foraging models. Secondly, a model based on minimization of the probability of death due to …

Alternative Life-Histories In Protogynous Fishes: A General Evolutionary Theory, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Sex Ratio Evolution In A Variable Environment, Eric Charnov, Hartogh R.L. Los-Den, W.T. Jones, J. Van Den Assem

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

We develop a natural selection model for sex ratio control in a spatially variable environment. Predictions of sex ratio alteration as a function of environmental change are tested in laboratory experiments with two parasitic wasps. Field data from a variety of other organisms also support the model. Finally, we discuss possibilities and difficulties for testing this type of evolutionary model.

Alternative Male Life Histories In Bluegill Sunfish, Mart Gross, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

Male bluegill sunfish are shown to have two alternative mating strategies: cuckoldry or parental care. Cuckolder males first mature at age 2. They follow a developmental sequence of sneaking and then mimicking female behavior to deceptively gain access to spawnings. Males who become parentals (construct nests, attract females, provide brood care) delay maturation until age 7. The parental investment of these males is parasitized by the cuckolders. This system is an example of a truly parasitically dependent mating strategy in vertebrates. A natural selection model is developed to predict the equilibrium frequencies of the two male types. A preliminary test …

Vole Population Cycles: A Case For Kin Selection?, Eric Charnov, J.P. Finerty

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

Kin selection, as evidenced by aggression between individuals with a low coefficient of relation, may be a significant contributing factor in vole population cycles. Demographic and behavioral studies support this idea.

Sex Change In Plants: Old And New Observations And New Hypotheses, D.C. Freeman, K.T. Harper, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

Evidence is presented that individuals of a large number of dioecious and subdioecious plant species are able to alter their sexual state in response to changes in the ambient environment and/or changes in size or age. We suggest that lability of sexual expression probably has survival value where a significant portion of the females must otherwise bear the cost of fruit production in unfavorable environments. We demonstrate that in patchy environments of the proper scale and variability in quality, labile sexual expression will enhance an individuals genetic contribution to the next generation.

Specimen Catalog, James C. Bednarz

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Electron Microscopy And Immunoelectron Microscopy With The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay For The Detection Of Rotavirus And Antibody To The Virus, Maria Del Carmen Monedero

Biology ETDs

Rotavirus has been shown to be an etiological agent of acute gastroenteritis, in human infants and children and in young animals, such as mice, calves, lambs, and pigs. Bovine, porcine, simian (SA-11) rotaviruses and the “0” agent (sheep, goat) have been cultivated in cell cultures. To date the human rotavirus has been propagated only in fetal intestine organ cultures, where it has lost infectivity after a few passages. For this reason, methods of detection of the human rotavirus and serological tests for antibodies to it have been difficult to develop. At the present time there are several techniques that are …