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Articles 1171 - 1200 of 1681
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Antisalmonella Activity Of Selected Medicinal Plants, Chand Pasha, Shaik Sayeed, Sadath Ali, Ziaullah Khan
Antisalmonella Activity Of Selected Medicinal Plants, Chand Pasha, Shaik Sayeed, Sadath Ali, Ziaullah Khan
Turkish Journal of Biology
Antisalmonella activity of some important plants in the Ayurvedic system of traditional medicine used in India to treat enteric diseases was screened. The aqueous and methanol extracts of 47 medicinal plants were studied for their antibacterial activity against pathogenic Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, and Salmonella typhimurium. The in vitro antibacterial activity was performed by agar well diffusion method and the results are expressed as the average diameter of zone of inhibition of bacterial growth around the well. Of the herbal extracts tested, 33 plant extracts were found to have antibacterial activity against at least one of the salmonella strains …
Antibacterial Activities Of Extracts From Some Turkish Endemic Plants On Common Fish Pathogens, Hakan Türker, Arzu Bi̇ri̇nci̇ Yildirim, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Hi̇lal Köylüoğlu
Antibacterial Activities Of Extracts From Some Turkish Endemic Plants On Common Fish Pathogens, Hakan Türker, Arzu Bi̇ri̇nci̇ Yildirim, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Hi̇lal Köylüoğlu
Turkish Journal of Biology
Antibacterial activities of 24 alcoholic and aqueous extracts from 8 endemic Turkish plants (Crocus abantensis, Crocus ancyrensis, Galanthus plicatus subsp. byzantinus, Paronychia chionaea, Astragalus gymnolobus, Trifolium pannonicum subsp.elongatum, Eryngium bithynicum, and Convolvulus galaticus) of 7 different families were screened. Antibacterial activity was carried out with 5 different fish pathogens (Aeromonas hydrophila, Yersinia ruckeri, Streptococcus agalactia, Lactococcus garvieae, and Enterococcus faecalis). Crude extracts of endemic plant extracts were applied against the bacteria using the disc diffusion method under in vitro conditions. A. hydrophila was the only inhibited bacteria from all alcoholic and aqueous extracts of C. ancyrensis, G. plicatus, T. pannonicum, …
An Ethnobotanical Field Survey In The Haymana District Of Ankara Province In Turkey, Fulya Sarper, Gali̇p Akaydin, Işil Şi̇mşek, Erdem Yeşi̇lada
An Ethnobotanical Field Survey In The Haymana District Of Ankara Province In Turkey, Fulya Sarper, Gali̇p Akaydin, Işil Şi̇mşek, Erdem Yeşi̇lada
Turkish Journal of Biology
Dietary, therapeutical, and other ethnobotanical utilizations of the wild plants grown in Haymana district of Ankara were investigated. Information was collected by face-to-face interviews with 160 individuals in 9 selected sites. The demographic characteristics of the informants were evaluated and cross-relationships with the recorded data were also analyzed by SPSS statistical software. Results of the study show that 83.8% of the informants recognize the utilization of wild plants either as foodstuff or as remedy, while only 16.2% was unaware of that. Both the knowledge and the utilization of plants significantly increased with the increasing age of the informants. However, there …
Properties Of Bacillus Cereus Collected From Different Food Sources, Kiymet Güven, M. Burçi̇n Mutlu
Properties Of Bacillus Cereus Collected From Different Food Sources, Kiymet Güven, M. Burçi̇n Mutlu
Turkish Journal of Biology
Forty-nine Bacillus cereus isolates were obtained from 10 different food samples consumed in Turkey. The isolates were identified as B. cereus based on colonial, cellular morphology, and biochemical characters, including fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis. The potentials of 53 isolates including a reference strain, B. cereus NRRL B-3711, and 3 strains from Japan were tested to produce diarrhoeal enterotoxin (by the BCET-RPLA test) in BHI culture and 35 isolates (66%) were positive. Fatty acid composition varied for all B. cereus isolates, with 74 different fatty acids being detected. Grouping of B. cereus isolates by fatty acid composition suggested the …
Interaction Between Glomus Geosporum, Azotobacter Chroococcum, And Bacillus Coagulans And Their Influence On Growth And Nutrition Of Melia Azedarach L., Sevanan Rajeshkumar, Mathan Chandran Nisha, Padanilly Chidambaram Prabu, Lakew Wondimu, Thangavel Selvaraj
Interaction Between Glomus Geosporum, Azotobacter Chroococcum, And Bacillus Coagulans And Their Influence On Growth And Nutrition Of Melia Azedarach L., Sevanan Rajeshkumar, Mathan Chandran Nisha, Padanilly Chidambaram Prabu, Lakew Wondimu, Thangavel Selvaraj
Turkish Journal of Biology
A green house nursery study was conducted to assess the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, a nitrogen fixing bacterium, Glomus geosporum, Azotobacter chroococcum, and a mycorrhiza helper bacterium (MHB), Bacillus coagulans, in soil and their consequent effect on growth and nutrition of Melia azedarach L. seedlings. Triple inoculation of G. geosporum, A. chroococcum, and B. coagulans resulted in maximum plant biomass, N, P, Zn, and Cu uptake, and biovolume and quality index of M. azedarach seedlings. It also increased the mycorrhizal root colonization and spore numbers in the root zone soil of the inoculated plants over uninoculated control plants. The …
Changes In Anatomical Structure And Levels Of Endogenous Phytohormones During Leaf Rolling In Ctenanthe Setosa Under Drought Stress, Ni̇hal Kutlu, Rabi̇ye Terzi̇, Çi̇ğdem Tekeli̇, Gülcan Şenel, Peyami̇ Battal, Asim Kadioğlu
Changes In Anatomical Structure And Levels Of Endogenous Phytohormones During Leaf Rolling In Ctenanthe Setosa Under Drought Stress, Ni̇hal Kutlu, Rabi̇ye Terzi̇, Çi̇ğdem Tekeli̇, Gülcan Şenel, Peyami̇ Battal, Asim Kadioğlu
Turkish Journal of Biology
Leaf rolling occurs as a response to water deficit and its level increases as the drought period is progressing in plants. Changes in anatomical structure and levels of endogenous phytohormones were investigated under drought stress during leaf rolling in Ctenanthe setosa. Leaf water potential (\Psi_{leaf}), some anatomical parameters, and the levels of phytohormones were determined at different visual levels of leaf rolling from 1 to 4. \Psi_{leaf}, thickness of mesophyll and lamina, and width/length ratio of hypodermis cells of leaves decreased while leaf rolling level increased. Diameters of xylem vessels and median vein, and length of upper and lower stomatal …
Induced Karyomorphological Variations In Three Phenodeviants Of Capsicum Annuum L., Girjesh Kumar, Priyanka Gupta
Induced Karyomorphological Variations In Three Phenodeviants Of Capsicum Annuum L., Girjesh Kumar, Priyanka Gupta
Turkish Journal of Biology
EMS was used as a mutagen in Capsicum annuum L. to isolate karyomorphological mutants. Seeds of Capsicum annuum L. var Azad were first pre-soaked in distilled water and then treated with 0.5% solution of EMS for 3 durations, i.e. 3, 5, and 7 h, and genetic segregation was closely observed. Many chromosomal anomalies like stickiness, bridges, and multivalent, secondary associations, laggards, and precocious movement were observed after all 3 durations of treatment. These anomalies showed a dose-dependent increase in frequency. The morphological parameters showed a decreasing trend along with the increasing dose. However, with the 7-h dose 3 morphologically distinct …
Characterization And Biological Activity Of Achillea Teretifolia Willd. And A. Nobilis L. Subsp. Neilreichii (Kerner) Formanek Essential Oils, Fati̇h Demi̇rci̇, Betül Demi̇rci̇, İlhan Gürbüz, Erdem Yeşi̇lada, K. Hüsnü Can Başer
Characterization And Biological Activity Of Achillea Teretifolia Willd. And A. Nobilis L. Subsp. Neilreichii (Kerner) Formanek Essential Oils, Fati̇h Demi̇rci̇, Betül Demi̇rci̇, İlhan Gürbüz, Erdem Yeşi̇lada, K. Hüsnü Can Başer
Turkish Journal of Biology
The aerial parts of the endemic Achillea teretifolia Willd. and A. nobilis L. subsp. neilreichii (Kerner) Formanek collected from Beyşehir were investigated for their essential oil compositions and several biological activities. The essential oils were analyzed both by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main components were identified as 1,8-cineole (34%), camphor (11%), terpinen-4-ol (8%), and α-thujone (5%) for A. teretifolia essential oil, while fragranyl acetate (32%), fragranol (24%), and \beta-eudesmol (8%) for A. nobilis subsp. neilreichii essential oil, respectively. The essential oils were also evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity and their ability to scavenge …
In Vitro Screening Of The Antibacterial Activity And Identification Of Bioactive Compounds From Plants Against Selected Vibrio Spp. Pathogens, Anjana Sharma, Virendra Kumar Patel
In Vitro Screening Of The Antibacterial Activity And Identification Of Bioactive Compounds From Plants Against Selected Vibrio Spp. Pathogens, Anjana Sharma, Virendra Kumar Patel
Turkish Journal of Biology
In vitro investigation of the vibriocidal activity of acetone extracts of Saraca indica Linn (Caesalpinaceae) and Datura stramonium Linn (Solanaceae), and aqueous extracts of Allium sativum Linn (Liliaceae) showed that they have antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant human pathogens. Disc diffusion assay showed that there was significant concentration-dependent antibacterial activity against standard strains of Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and 12 multidrug-resistant isolates of Vibrio cholerae non-O1. The crude plant extracts had zones of inhibition in the range of 7-27 mm against 1 or more test bacteria, with MIC ranging from 2.5 to 15 mg/ml. Acetone extracts of S. indica and D. …
Antibacterial Activity Of Aegopodium Podagraria L. Extracts And Interaction Between Extracts And Antibiotics, Olgica Stefanovic, Ljiljana Comic, Dragana Stanojevic, Slavica Solujic Sukdolak
Antibacterial Activity Of Aegopodium Podagraria L. Extracts And Interaction Between Extracts And Antibiotics, Olgica Stefanovic, Ljiljana Comic, Dragana Stanojevic, Slavica Solujic Sukdolak
Turkish Journal of Biology
Antibacterial activities of aqueous, ethanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of Aegopodium podagraria L. (Apiaceae) were tested in vitro against 6 bacteria species. Antibacterial properties were determined by disk diffusion and tube dilution method. Based on the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC), the ethanol extract showed the highest activity (1.25-5 mg/ml). Among the tested bacteria, the most sensitive species were Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas fluorescens, while the most resistant was Staphylococcus aureus. Ethanol extract was chosen to investigate the effects of its combinations with commercial antibiotics by the checkerboard method. Results showed that the interactions between ethanol extract/streptomycin and ethanol …
The Antibacterial And Antifungal Effects Of Rhododendron Derived Mad Honey And Extracts Of Four Rhododendron Species, Ömer Ertürk, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Derya Pehli̇van, Nurşah Nas
The Antibacterial And Antifungal Effects Of Rhododendron Derived Mad Honey And Extracts Of Four Rhododendron Species, Ömer Ertürk, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Derya Pehli̇van, Nurşah Nas
Turkish Journal of Biology
The antibacterial and antifungal activities of mad honey and the crude extracts (leaves and flowers) of Rhododendron ponticum L. subsp. ponticum, Rhododendron luteum L., Rhododendron smirnovii L., and Rhododendron caucasicum L. (Ericaceae) were investigated. A total of 17 microbial organisms belonging to 16 species of bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus salivarius, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus licheniformis, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris, and Candida albicans were studied using a disk-diffusion and agar dilution (minimal inhibition concentration) method. The antimicrobial activity of the antibacterial and antifungal activity of …
Antioxidant And Antibacterial Activity Of Diospyros Ebenum Roxb. Leaf Extracts, Yogesh Baravalia, Mital Kaneria, Yogeshkumar Vaghasiya, Jigna Parekh, Sumitra Chanda
Antioxidant And Antibacterial Activity Of Diospyros Ebenum Roxb. Leaf Extracts, Yogesh Baravalia, Mital Kaneria, Yogeshkumar Vaghasiya, Jigna Parekh, Sumitra Chanda
Turkish Journal of Biology
The therapeutic properties of plants, including antioxidant and antibacterial activity, have been investigated. In the present study the petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous extracts of Diospyros ebenum Roxb. were evaluated for DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity and antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activity was determined against Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29737, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC23564, and Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC13048 using the agar well diffusion method. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of these extracts was determined as the gallic acid and quercetin equivalent, respectively. Results show that the methanol extract was active against all 5 bacterial …
Antibacterial Activity Of Seed Extracts Of Commercial And Wild Lathyrus Species, Noor Afshan Khan, Sadaf Quereshi, Akhilesh Pandey, Ashutosh Srivastava
Antibacterial Activity Of Seed Extracts Of Commercial And Wild Lathyrus Species, Noor Afshan Khan, Sadaf Quereshi, Akhilesh Pandey, Ashutosh Srivastava
Turkish Journal of Biology
Butanolic extract of seeds from 2 different Lathyrus species (Lathyrus ratan [commercial variety] and L. aphaca [wild variety]), were investigated for their in vitro antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity against plant and human pathogenic bacteria was evaluated on the basis of inhibition zones (IZs) measured by disc diffusion method. The maximum inhibition was shown by L. ratan against the gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. L. aphaca seeds also showed inhibition but were inactive against Klebsiella pneumoniae. L. ratan extract was more active than L. aphaca. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values for both the seeds (in …
A Comparative Study On Pleurotus Ostreatus (Jacq.) P.Kumm. Cultivated On Different Agricultural Lignocellulosic Wastes, Abdurrahman Dündar, Abdunnasir Yildiz
A Comparative Study On Pleurotus Ostreatus (Jacq.) P.Kumm. Cultivated On Different Agricultural Lignocellulosic Wastes, Abdurrahman Dündar, Abdunnasir Yildiz
Turkish Journal of Biology
For the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P.Kumm. wheat stalk (WS), cotton stalk (CS), millet stalk (MS), and soybean stalk (SS) were used as the main material and oven-dried lentil straw (LS) was used as an additive material 100:10, 100:15, 100:20 w:w in weight for 100 g of main material (70% moisture). The shortest mycelium growing time (MGT) was 10.2 days, on the SS, while the longest was 18.8 days, on the CS. The shortest first harvest time (FHT) was 30 days, on SS + LS (90:10; w:w), and the longest was 46.4 days, on CS + LS (100:20; w:w). …
The Toxicity And Teratogenicity Of Gibberellic Acid (Ga3) Based On The Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus (Fetax), Ayper Boğa, Seçi̇l Bi̇nokay, Yaşar Sertdemi̇r
The Toxicity And Teratogenicity Of Gibberellic Acid (Ga3) Based On The Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus (Fetax), Ayper Boğa, Seçi̇l Bi̇nokay, Yaşar Sertdemi̇r
Turkish Journal of Biology
This study investigated the developmental toxicity of a plant growth regulator (a type of pesticide) using the frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Xenopus (FETAX). Xenopus laevis embryos were exposed to 11 different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA_3), from stage 8 to 11, for 96 h under static renewal test conditions. The median lethal concentration (LC_{50}), malformation (EC_{50}), non-observed adverse effect concentration (NOAEC), and lowest observed adverse effect concentration (LOAEC) were calculated. The corresponding LC_{50} and EC_{50} values determined for GA3 exposure were 1117.5 mg/L and 658 mg/L, respectively. The TI (LC50/EC50) value calculated for GA_3 was 1.69. Different anomalies occurred in the …
Genetic Repairing Through Storage Of Gamma Irradiated Seeds In Inbred Maize (Zea Mays L.), Girjesh Kumar, Prashant Kumar Rai
Genetic Repairing Through Storage Of Gamma Irradiated Seeds In Inbred Maize (Zea Mays L.), Girjesh Kumar, Prashant Kumar Rai
Turkish Journal of Biology
Gamma irradiation can induce beneficial as well as deleterious impacts on chromosome behavior in crop plants. The cytogenetic changes occurring due to the storage of inbred seeds after gamma irradiation in the somatic and gametic cells of Zea mays L. were investigated in this study. A wide spectrum of chromosomal anomalies was encountered in somatic and gametic cells of maize that are gamma irradiated, stored (aged), and treated with a combination of both of these treatments. Gamma rays and ageing treatments induced a number of chromosomal anomalies independently, but a combination of the 2 treatments suppressed the frequency of chromosomal …
Cytogenetic Effects Of Fungicide Applications On Meiosis Of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.), İlkay Öztürk Çali
Cytogenetic Effects Of Fungicide Applications On Meiosis Of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.), İlkay Öztürk Çali
Turkish Journal of Biology
In the present study, the cytogenetic effects of the fungicide Agri Fos 400 (400 g/l mono- and di-potassium phosphonate) on meiosis of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (Family: Solanaceae) were studied. The fungicide was applied to tomatoes grown in greenhouse conditions at the dosage (400 ml/100 l water) recommended by the manufacturing company and double the recommended dosage (800 ml/100 l water). All dosages of the fungicide Agri Fos 400 caused various abnormalities in meiosis when compared with the control. This situation could lead to a decrease in the productivity of fruits.
Inhibitory Effects Of Ajowan (Trachyspermum Ammi) Ethanolic Extract On A. Ochraceus Growth And Ochratoxin Production, Pushpa S. Murthy, B. B. Borse, Hafeeza Khanum, P. Srinivas
Inhibitory Effects Of Ajowan (Trachyspermum Ammi) Ethanolic Extract On A. Ochraceus Growth And Ochratoxin Production, Pushpa S. Murthy, B. B. Borse, Hafeeza Khanum, P. Srinivas
Turkish Journal of Biology
Ajowan is an aromatic seed spice that has a medicinal value. In this paper Ajowan Ethanolic Extract (AEE), which was prepared from Ajowan seeds, was assessed for antibacterial and antifungal activity against selected pathogenic bacteria and fungi by agar well diffusion assay. AEE exhibited considerable inhibitory effects against all the organisms tested. Emphasis of the study was on the affect of AEE on the mycelial growth and spore germination of toxigenic fungi A. ochraceus. Cultures were incubated on yeast extract-sucrose (YES) broth, at concentrations of 50, 150, 250 ppm at 25°C. At 250 ppm, AEE completely inhibited germination of spores, …
Yield And Economics Of Withania Somnifera Influenced By Dual Inoculation Of Azotobacter Chroococcum And Pseudomonas Putida, Vivek Kumar, Amar Singh Solanki, Shivesh Sharma
Yield And Economics Of Withania Somnifera Influenced By Dual Inoculation Of Azotobacter Chroococcum And Pseudomonas Putida, Vivek Kumar, Amar Singh Solanki, Shivesh Sharma
Turkish Journal of Biology
The yield parameters and cost economics of Withania somnifera were studied using dual inoculation of Azotobacter chroococcum and Pseudomonas putida. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with 3 replications for 2 consecutive years, along with 2 levels of organic manure, 10 t ha^{-1} and 20 t ha^{-1}. Inoculation with the inoculants generated encouraging results; root yield (1185.6 kg ha^{-1}), seed yield (208.13 kg ha^{-1}), number of offshoots per plant (6.07), and plant height (108.4 cm) were maximum with treatment T6 (organic manure [OM] 20 t ha^{-1} + both bacteria), followed by T9 (OM 10 t ha^{-1} + …
Mutagenesis Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Iam 12077 For Increasing Poly (-\Beta-)Hydroxybutyrate (Phb) Production, Pal Adwitiya, Prabhu Ashwini, Arun Kumar Avinash, Rajagopal Badri, Dadhe Kajal, Ponnamma Vomsi, Shivakumar Srividya
Mutagenesis Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Iam 12077 For Increasing Poly (-\Beta-)Hydroxybutyrate (Phb) Production, Pal Adwitiya, Prabhu Ashwini, Arun Kumar Avinash, Rajagopal Badri, Dadhe Kajal, Ponnamma Vomsi, Shivakumar Srividya
Turkish Journal of Biology
A gram-positive bacterium that accumulated PHB was isolated from local garden soil in Bangalore. Based on its morphological and physiological properties, and nucleotide sequence (about 1.5 kb) of its 16S rDNA it was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis IAM 12077. In this study the PHB-producing capacity of putative mutant strains of Bacillus thuringiensis IAM 12077 was evaluated. A Bacillus sp. identified as a Bacillus thuringiensis IAM 12077 strain capable of producing 10%-15% dry cell weight (DCW) PHB when grown in nutrient broth for 48 h was subjected to random mutagenesis [physical (UV) and chemical (acridine orange)]. Among the UV-mutants screened, 19 …
Productive Replication Of Malacosoma Neustria Nucleopolyhedrovirus (Manenpv) In Md203 Cell Line, İsmai̇l Demi̇r, Nurten Gürel, Remzi̇ye Nalçacioğlu, İkbal A. İnce, Zi̇hni̇ Demi̇rbağ
Productive Replication Of Malacosoma Neustria Nucleopolyhedrovirus (Manenpv) In Md203 Cell Line, İsmai̇l Demi̇r, Nurten Gürel, Remzi̇ye Nalçacioğlu, İkbal A. İnce, Zi̇hni̇ Demi̇rbağ
Turkish Journal of Biology
A plaque-purified genotypic variant, derived from a field isolate of the Malacosoma neustria nucleopolyhedrovirus (ManeNPV) from Turkey was characterized based on in vitro replication properties in a cell line, Md203 derived from Malacosoma disstria. The life cycle of ManeNPV was studied based on the cytopathic effects (CPEs), polyhedral inclusion body (PIB) formation, budded virus (BV) production, viral DNA replication and polyhedrin protein expression in ManeNPV-infected Md203 cells. Infection of Md203 cells with ManeNPV resulted in cytopathic effects within 24 and 36 h post infection and most cells detachted from the bottom of the culture plate on the fourth day. Typical …
Kala Zeera (Bunium Persicum Bioss.): A Kashmirian High Value Crop, Parvez Ahmad Sofi, N. A. Zeerak, Parmeet Singh
Kala Zeera (Bunium Persicum Bioss.): A Kashmirian High Value Crop, Parvez Ahmad Sofi, N. A. Zeerak, Parmeet Singh
Turkish Journal of Biology
Kala zeera is a high value, low volume, and under-exploited spice crop that grows in mountainous regions of Kashmir in the Himalayas. It has received very little attention in terms of development, standardization of production technology, and plant protection management practices. Sher-e Kashmir University of Agriculture Sciences and Technology (SKUAST-K) and other organizations have instituted programs for systematic improvement of Kala zeera. In this paper, we offer a synopsis of the latest work being done in promoting this high value crop, which would have a beneficial effect for the encouragement of economic activity in the Himalayas.
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers In Liver And Gill Tissues Of Spotted Barb (Capoeta Barroisi Lortet, 1894) Living In Ceyhan River, Adana-Turkey, Ergül Belge Kurutaş, Aysel Şahan, Tülay Altun
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers In Liver And Gill Tissues Of Spotted Barb (Capoeta Barroisi Lortet, 1894) Living In Ceyhan River, Adana-Turkey, Ergül Belge Kurutaş, Aysel Şahan, Tülay Altun
Turkish Journal of Biology
This study was carried out in an agricultural, industrial, domestic, and slaughterhouse area that is also a discharging region of the river Ceyhan just under the crest of the Aslantaş dam. Levels of pollution indicator parameters of the water were observed and their effects on various oxidative stress biomarkers in gill and liver tissues of spotted barb (Capoeta barroisi Lortet, 1894) were investigated. The oxidative stress biomarkers analyzed included superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). Levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were also evaluated. High levels of CAT, G6PD, GST, and GSH activity were …
Genotoxic Effects Of Herbicide Illoxan (Diclofop-Methyl) On Allium Cepa L., Deni̇z Yüzbaşioğlu, Fatma Ünal, Cengi̇z Sancak
Genotoxic Effects Of Herbicide Illoxan (Diclofop-Methyl) On Allium Cepa L., Deni̇z Yüzbaşioğlu, Fatma Ünal, Cengi̇z Sancak
Turkish Journal of Biology
The genotoxic potential of the commercial herbicide Illoxan (containing 284 g/L diclofop-methyl) was determined by using chromosome aberrations in Allium cepa root tip cells. The EC_{50} value was determined as 150.00 mg/L using a root growth inhibition test and then the roots were treated with 37.50, 75.00, and 150.00 mg/L concentrations for 12, 24, and 48 h. The results indicated that Illoxan significantly increased the abnormal cell frequency at all concentrations and treatment periods when compared with their controls, and this increase was dose-dependent for the 24 and 48 h treatments. On the other hand, Illoxan significantly decreased the mitotic …
Co-Operative Actions And Degradation Analysis Of Purified Lignocellulose-Degrading Enzymes From Thermomonospora Fusca Bd25 On Wheat Straw, Müni̇r Tuncer, Andrew S. Ball
Co-Operative Actions And Degradation Analysis Of Purified Lignocellulose-Degrading Enzymes From Thermomonospora Fusca Bd25 On Wheat Straw, Müni̇r Tuncer, Andrew S. Ball
Turkish Journal of Biology
In industrial hydrolysis processes the lignocellulose-degrading enzymes may have a potential application as an alternative to chemical treatments because they produce high specificity, mild reaction conditions, no toxic chemical hydrolysis inhibitors, and no loss of substrate due to chemical modifications. The amounts of reducing sugars released from the degradation of wheat straw by the action of endoxylanase, peroxidase, \beta-xylosidase, and \alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase, which were produced by T. fusca BD25,were equal to 3.0 percent, 0.2 percent, 0.3 percent, and 0.2 percent hydrolysis (as xylose equivalents) of the substrate used, respectively, after 10 h of incubation. In the same conditions, the hydrolysis rate …
Adventitious Shoot Regeneration And In Vitro Flowering Of Anthemis Xylopoda O. Schwarz, A Critically Endangered Turkish Endemic, Bengi̇ Baba Erdağ, Yelda Çalmaz Emek
Adventitious Shoot Regeneration And In Vitro Flowering Of Anthemis Xylopoda O. Schwarz, A Critically Endangered Turkish Endemic, Bengi̇ Baba Erdağ, Yelda Çalmaz Emek
Turkish Journal of Biology
A protocol has been developed for the direct induction of adventitious shoots from leaf explants of in vitro raised Anthemis xylopoda O.Schwarz, a critically endangered Turkish endemic. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with N^6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (KIN), and thidiazuron (TDZ) were used in regeneration experiments. BA at 0.5 mg L^{-1} concentration was chosen as the optimal treatment because it yielded the maximal number of adventitious shoots with the best quality (6.70 ± 1.05 shoots/explant). The highest mean of maximum shoot length was observed in MS media containing 0.2 mg L^{-1} BA (4.30 ± 0.48 cm). Regenerated shoots rooted …
Propagation Of Endangered Thermopsis Turcica Tan, Vural & Küçüködük Using Conventional And In Vitro Techniques, Süleyman Cenkçi̇, Mehmet Temel, Mustafa Kargioğlu, Sergun Dayan
Propagation Of Endangered Thermopsis Turcica Tan, Vural & Küçüködük Using Conventional And In Vitro Techniques, Süleyman Cenkçi̇, Mehmet Temel, Mustafa Kargioğlu, Sergun Dayan
Turkish Journal of Biology
This report deals with the successful clonal propagation of endangered T. turcica using rhizome cuttings and epicotyl explants. Rhizome cuttings were treated with \alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) before planting for vegetative multiplication. Rhizome cuttings pretreated with NAA (10 mg/L) were both rooted and sprouted (66.6 percent) after 100 days. Application of NAA induced callus and adventitious root formation in epicotyl explants and 6-benzyladenine (BA) induced production of microshoots. Low levels of NAA (0.5-1 \muM) together with BA promoted shoot initiation and development. The highest regeneration rate (86.6 percent), with a mean number of shoots (3.05) and a …
The Effect Of Environmental Factors On The Growth And Size Structure Of Two Dominant Phytoplankton Species In The Büyükçekmece Reservoir (İstanbul,Turkey), Yelda Aktan, Cenk Gürevi̇n, Zeynep Dorak
The Effect Of Environmental Factors On The Growth And Size Structure Of Two Dominant Phytoplankton Species In The Büyükçekmece Reservoir (İstanbul,Turkey), Yelda Aktan, Cenk Gürevi̇n, Zeynep Dorak
Turkish Journal of Biology
The aim of this study was to investigate seasonal variability in the growth and size structure of dominant phytoplankton species in Büyükçekmece Reservoir, and to determine the environmental factors that affect morphological plasticity in those dominant species. In total, 78 taxa from 8 algal divisions were identified. Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta were the most important divisions with respect to species number, but cryptomonads Plagioselmis nannoplanctica (Skuja) Novarino, Lucas, and Morrall, and a Cryptomonas sp. were dominant in terms of density and biomass. P. nannoplanctica was the major contributor of biomass in the reservoir. A significant difference in Plagioselmis species biovolume was …
Biological Screening Of Vitis Vinifera L. Leaf Fractions, Di̇dem Deli̇orman Orhan, Ni̇lüfer Orhan, Berri̇n Özçeli̇k, Fatma Ergun
Biological Screening Of Vitis Vinifera L. Leaf Fractions, Di̇dem Deli̇orman Orhan, Ni̇lüfer Orhan, Berri̇n Özçeli̇k, Fatma Ergun
Turkish Journal of Biology
The fractions of different polarity, namely chloroform, ethylacetate, n-butanol, and remaining water fractions, were fractionated from an aqueous extract of V. vinifera leaves. The antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant activities, and total phenolic content of these fractions were investigated. The chloroform fraction showed a promising effect against Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and Parainfluenza viruses (PIV). The results indicated that all the fractions were more pronounced against gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and E. faecalis) than against gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and P. aeruginosa). On the other hand, the fractions showed equal antifungal activity against the genus Candida (C. albicans and C. …
C-Banded Karyotype And Nucleolar Organizer Regions (Nors) Of Wild Boar, Sus Scrofa (Artiodactyla: Suidae) From Anatolia, Ati̇lla Arslan, İrfan Albayrak
C-Banded Karyotype And Nucleolar Organizer Regions (Nors) Of Wild Boar, Sus Scrofa (Artiodactyla: Suidae) From Anatolia, Ati̇lla Arslan, İrfan Albayrak
Turkish Journal of Biology
The present study reports the karyotype, C-banding, and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) of 6 Sus scrofa (Linnaeus, 1758) males from Anatolia. The karyotype of S. scrofa comprised (2n) 38 chromosomes, the number of chromosomal arms (FN) was 64, and the number of autosomal arms (FNa) was 60. C-positive regions appeared to be restricted to the centromeric regions of autosomes 1, and 13-18, and the entire long arm of the Y chromosome. Some autosomes had very slight C-bands. The X chromosome appeared to be entirely euchromatic. NORs were identified by the silver-staining technique and were observed on secondary constriction sites of …