Biology Commons^™

A Comparative Study Of Dehydration And Infiltration, Jane C. Mahar

Bachelors’ Theses

Dehydration is the process of removing water from tissue which has been fixed and hardened. It is a necessary step for the Infiltration of paraffin. If the dehydrating agent is not a solvent of the paraffin, it is necessary to use a solvent first and then infiltrate with paraffin. Dehydration, according to Sass (1940), has some washing action besides making the material firm and, in some cases, hard and brittle. When Bouin’s fixing fluid is used, ethyl alcohol is the solvent used in removing the solution and in washing the material. Dehydrating agents which possess hygrosopic properties are those most …

Heterothallism In Schizophyllum Commune, Lois G. Wilbershide

Bachelors’ Theses

For many years, workers have been striving to arrive at definite conclusions in regard to heterothallism in a great variety of plants. Much work has been done and there are many instances where heterothallism has been established and confirmed. Yet, in regard to Schizophyllum commune, few investigators have studied this phenomenon. However, much work of a different nature has been done on Schizophyllum since 1719 when attention was first called to this fungus partly because of the peculiar split character of the gills. It has been collected, classified, and worked on since that time, but the greater share of the …

A Study Of The Respiratory System Of The Sparrow (Passer Domesticus), Ben Peter Arnowitz

Bachelors’ Theses

The respiratory mechanisms of birds, unlike that of mammals, are definitely adapted to the function of flight. Because of this added adaptation, we should expect, therefore, some morphological and perhaps even embryological, physiological, and histological differences. An example of a morphological difference between birds and mammals is the intricate system of air-sacs that are present in birds. This remarkable feature is probably the reason why birds are able to fly as they do.

In this thesis the writer has used the sparrow (Passer domesticus) for the basis of his experiments. This particular bird was chosen in preference to …

Species And Parasitic Diseases Of The Genus Viola In Milwaukee County, Ruth E. Gass

Bachelors’ Theses

This study was conducted to determine the species of Viola and parasitic diseases of the genus Viola. The specimens were collected in Wauwatosa, located in Milwaukee County; a few plants were collected in Jefferson County.

Population Size And Longevity Of Males And Females In Drosophila, Kathleen M. Murphy

Bachelors’ Theses

The two ever present instincts of man are self-preservation and the propagation of the race. At the beginning of one’s life this urge to survive is wholly unconscious but later on this will to live Is supplimented within the individual as a definite conscious search for longevity. Awareness to this inherent and universal desire to live is evidenced by the sought after services of the physician or doctor; the presence of civil law with the law courts and many other protective establishments. This conscious awareness to the possibilities, no matter how slight, of extending or at least maintaining life has …

Studies Of The Excretory System Of The Passer Domesticus, James Julian Stout

Bachelors’ Theses

In past years and in recent years most animals have been made a subject of study. However, very little or no research has been made on the most common of all birds, the English Sparrow. This thesis will endeavor to take up the study of the excretory system of the Passer Domesticus. In most animals the excretory organs are the kidneys and the skin, which pass of nitrogenous and other waste matters from the body. I will take up the main organ of this system the kidney at this time, with a histological study of the ureter, and leave the …

A Study Of The Digestive System In The Sparrow (Passer Domesticus), Henry Joseph Wisniewski

Bachelors’ Theses

The digestive tube proper of the Sparrow beings with the Oesophagus. This is a soft tubular organ which serves to convey food rapidly from the pharynx to the stomach. It extends along the median ventral margin of the neck lying dorsal to or to one side of the trachea. Posteriorly, at the base of the neck and shortly in front of the sternum it broadens slightly and gives rise to a dilated region of the oesophagus, namely the Crop, "whose secretion serves to moisten the food or even to initiate digestion." In larger birds as in the pigeon, the crop …

An Electrophoretic Determinatin Of The Properties Of Methacrol M.E. By The Use Of A Capillary Cross-Arm "U" Tube, Richard Reiland Bains

Bachelors’ Theses

this research was undertaken primarily to discover the use of a capillary cross-arm "U" tube in the determi­nation of the electrophoretic and other electrical proper­ ties of a plastic emulsion.

The primary objective was to determine the isoelectric point of the emulsion and also the optimum pH or electro-endosmotic motion.

The secondary and distant objective was to note when, how, and it any coherent plating on the electrodes took place.

The Study Of The Effects Of Paradichlorbenzene On Drosophila Melanogaster, Dwain J. Paal

Bachelors’ Theses

The object of this investigation was to produce polyploid cells in the salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster by treatment with paradichlorbenzene. Polyploidy is the condition in which the number of chromosomes in the nucleus is an exact multiple of the somatic or diploid number greater than two. This phenomena has often been referred to as produced by incomplete nuclear division.

The Influence Of Dowicide A On Drosophila Melanogaster, Helen Mary Dore

Bachelors’ Theses

Drosophila melanogaster plays a far greater part in science than man at first realizes. A study of their heredity makes it possible to develop laws of human here­dity and with this knowledge, thus provide for the better­ment of mankind. Considerations which lead to the choice of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, in experimentation are briefly the following: (a) its small size which makes, it convenient to keep; (b) its short life cycle; and (c) the ease with which it can be cultivated. Since fruit flies are so important to science, it follows that it is also important that a …

The Biological Effect Of An Invisible Radiation On The Drosophila Melanogaster, Leo C. Massopust Jr.

Bachelors’ Theses

In a series of investigations, Massopust describes various effects he obtained with an invisible radiation which he called infra-red. The results he obtained seemed to indicate that this radiation might have some effect on development and growth. Hence, the Drosophila Melanogaster was chosen for experimentation to ascertain whether or not the invisible radiation he used would produce mutations. Personal communications from this author disclosed that up to the present writing he has not been able to establish definitely that the radiation lies somewhere in the infra-red band of the electro-magnetic field. He does, however, favor the interpretation that it is …

The Comparative Difference In Skeletal Structure Of Two Strains Of The Mus Musculus, Pasqual A. Capitanelli

Bachelors’ Theses

Father Raymond H. Reis, S.J., and Robert A. Littleford, Ph.D., both of the staff of Marquette's University Zoology department, while working upon an experiment in the feeding to the common house mouse, "Mus Musculus", noted that in the two strains of mice that were used, the white variety of mouse was a trifle larger than the black variety, but that their weights were identical. They suggested the possibility of a skeletal difference that seemed to be most prominent in the head of the mice.

The Histology Of The Duodenum Of Thamnopsis Sirtalis, Harvey William Lyon

Bachelors’ Theses

The problem directly concerned is the histological study of the duodenum In Thamnopsls sirtalls, the common green or garter snake. The gross anatomy has been worked out In Reptilian forms and shows great variations, whereas very little work has been performed in the histology of the digestive organs. Some study has been made In other Reptilian forms such as the lizzard family but the knowledge of their histological structure is limited. Therefore if the gross anatomy differs in various forms, so may the histology differ also. It is the problem then of this thesis to investigate this subject and determine …

An Experimental Attempt To Modify The Sex Ratio Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Herman Weingrod

Bachelors’ Theses

Sex control has been defined as the science of producing male or female offspring at will by artificial means. Because of the far reaching consequences of such a technique, man has always had a strong desire to control the sex of his offspring. The ancient Egyptians attempted it by means of magic, while the old Hebrew Talmud offered suggestions for its practice based on practical experience. The problem as such forms part of the folklore and superstition of many ancient races and peoples.

The Anatomy Of The Stem, Root And Leaf Of Dennstaedtia Cicutaria Moore, William J. Weishar

Bachelors’ Theses

The work in plant anatomy up to 1874 was brought together and added to by De Bary (1884) in his memorable work, the Comparative Anatomy of the Vegetative Organs of the Phanerogams and Ferns. Several years later, Van Tieghem (1886) presented the groundwork for the stelar theory to explain the fundamental structure of the stem and root axis of the plant. Since that time the anatomy of the Pteridophytes has been the object of Increased interest and study.

The Effect Of Organic And Inorganic Substances Upon The Enzymatic Activity Of Papain Using Gelatin As A Substrate, Raymond A. Sklencar

Bachelors’ Theses

In the science of enzymology many hitherto unknown facts have been discovered. Among these are the facts which show that certain substances or conditions will accelerate, inhibit, or poison an enzyme reaction. Thus, heavy metals, oxidizing agents, etc., will prevent the enzyme from working at a normal rate or even "kill" the enzyme completely. Again, certain materials or co-enzymes will speed up and increase the enzyme power of a substance.

A Study Of Origins And Ecological Features Of Hardy, Cultivated, Herbaceous Plants Of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Dorothy Elaine Witheck

Bachelors’ Theses

Gardeners have always been interested in herbaceous plants, chiefly because of their beauty and usefulness. As a result of the great popularity, a large number of attractive varieties have been produced through centuries of' cultivation, selection and breeding. Very early agricultural and medical demands stimulated an interest in the plants, and as early as 372-287 B.C. Theophrastus, a pupil of Aristotle, described about 460 cultivated plants and classified them as herbs, undershrubs, shrubs and trees. Much of the work accomplished by the ancient Greeks was lost and it was not until the sixteenth century that renewed enthusiasm for the study …

A Study Of The Anatomical Structure Of The 6mm Wall-Eyed Pike, Richard E. Roche

Bachelors’ Theses

The following is a detailed study of the 6 mm Wall-eyed Pike. The organs and organ systems are presented and discussed in the same serial order that they appear in the embryo beginning at the anterior end and proceeding posteriorly. There has apparently been very little work done on the embryology of the Wall-eyed Pile for the literature contains only one article that is even closely related to this problem. In 1890 Reighard made a general study of the development of the Wall-eyed Pike from the time of fertilization to the fully grown adult. He did not, however, make any …

Inbreeding And Selectional Studies Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Marian Cecilia Dellers

Bachelors’ Theses

The eyeless gene of Drosophila, which causes in general a reduction of the size of the eye in the adult fly, does not seem to produce a constant effect. Thus among the offspring of one pair of flies many phenotypes will be found, flies with reduced eyes of various sizes and flies with one or both eyes completely missing. The purpose of this series of experiments was to investigate the genetical and environmental factors involved in the modification of the results produced by the eyeless gene and to determine their relative importance, especially through selective breeding in the direction of …

The Effect Of Sulfanilamide On The Spleen, Kidney, And Erythrocytes Of The Albino Rat, Paul M. Bergen

Bachelors’ Theses

Sulfanilamide today is recognized somewhat as a magical drug since it is being used in the cure of so many different diseases. Therefore it was my desire to experiment with it. The problem which the author has endeavored to solve has been, as the title implies, just what effect the drug has upon the blood, the cells of the spleen and the kidney. It has been my aim to verify or refute the findings of experimenters who have delved in the field previous to my experimentation, l and to attempt to give some explanation for the findings.

Colorless Fuchsin: A Staining Technique For The Salivary Gland Chromosomes Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Gordon I. Koehler

Bachelors’ Theses

The chromosome theory of heredity opened a large field for both cytologists and geneticists. They looked to the day when someone would find an organism in which the chromosomes were so large that it would be possible to see Qualitative differences along their length corresponding to the different genes which they knew must be present at these points. Before 1932, methods and materials to show these chromosomes to any appreciable extent had, however, not yet been devised. Competent observers using the finest of optical equipment, and the most refined techniques of staining could see little at the time of nuclear …

Culture Media For Drosophila, Joseph L. Himmelreich

Bachelors’ Theses

In the work with Culture Media for Drosophila the author was interested in producing a medium that was not expensive, easy to prepare, and one that would produce mature and hardy flies.

Activity Of Papain On Gelatin Mixtures, Edward J. Ruschmann

Bachelors’ Theses

Within the Marquette chemical laboratories under the direction and supervision of Dr. John R. Koch, professor and head of the Chemistry Department, many noteworthy advances in enzyme chemistry have been achieved. A new type all glass, single unit viscometer was developed and perfected by Koch and now is the basis of the study of enzyme activity by viscometric methods. The use of this viscometer is not limited solely to work in these laboratories but has also been used with great success in bating and brewing.

Studies On The Food Habits And Behavior Of The Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel (Citellus Tridecemlineatus Tridecemlineatus (Mitchell)) In The Laboratory, Mary Elizabeth Schmitt

Bachelors’ Theses

The scientific name first applied to the thirteen-lined ground squirrel was Scuirus tridecemlineatus by Mitchell in 1821. The same species has also been referred to as Spermophilus tridecemlineatus. At the present time it is recognized as belonging to the genus Cltellus and the species is divided into geographical races. Most of the middle western part of North America is the natural habitat of the thirteen-lined ground squirrel — Cltellus tridecemlineatus tridecemlineatus. So greatly have they increased with the expansion of cultivated areas and so vast is their destruction to growing crops that they have created a situation that must be …

Studies Of The Histology Of The Digestive System Of The Reptiles, Dorothy Ruth Marie Kaduck

Bachelors’ Theses

The normal histology or the Vertebrates as a group is not as wall known as is generally supposed, and in many cases we find that our meagre knowledge rests upon uncertain investigations and vague generalized studies. Among all of the classes· of Vertebrates, with the possible exception of the Pisces, the Reptilia represent the major gap in our information.

The Development Of The Sporangium Of Aspidium (Cyrtomium) Falcatum, Rita Thorpe

Bachelors’ Theses

It is the purpose of the writer in this thesis, to describe the development of the sporangium of Aspidium (Cyrtomium) falcatum, and to observe some of the cytological features of the sporogenous cells.

The Effects Of A Carbohydrate Deficient Diet On The Mouse, Walter Rudolph Sala

Bachelors’ Theses

Deficient diets have been used extensively as the basis for zoological experiments concerning the metabolism, and dietary requirements of individual animals. The majority of this work has been carried on with the rat as the subject, and resulting external physical variations as the experimental aim. The writer used the mouse as his subject, but, since no literature was available concerning this animal, a few similar experiments performed on the rat will be cited.

The Direct Action Of Ovarian Follicular Hormone On The Uterus And Appendages Of The Mouse, William L. Backus

Bachelors’ Theses

The investigation dealt with the direct action of ovarian follicular hormone, ESTROLIN, on the uteri, the oviducts, and the ovaries of normal female albino mice.

The Thorax Musculature Of The Tenebrio Molitor, Francis L. Boyle

Bachelors’ Theses

Very little, if any, work has been done on the thorax musculature in · the larvae stage of insects. The work that has been done has been confined mostly to the muscles of the abdominal region. From this work it has been found that extraordinary differences in muscle pattern occur often between larvae and adult stages of the same species. Since the muscles of all insects are more or less comparatively the same, what is true of one .will be generally true of another. There may be slight variations found between the abdominal segments and head segments but these differences …

A Study Of The Development Of The Mitosis And The Chromosome Count In Tropaeolum Majus L., Kenneth B. Eggert

Bachelors’ Theses

Toranosuke Sugiura (1926) published a study on Meiosis in Tropaeolum majus L in which he found the number of chromo­somes in the pollen mother cells to be 14. In the post­ synaptic phase, there were four aired chromosomes forming long rods. The other univalent ones formed shorter rods of irregular form.