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Articles 31 - 60 of 414
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Draft Genome Assemblies Of Three Klebsiella Grimontii Strains Isolated From Catheterized Urine Samples From The Same Male Participant Over The Course Of 6 Months, Helen Appleberry, Warwick Price, Lorenzo Roque, Evelyn Umana, Alan J. Wolfe, Catherine Putonti, Alex Kula
Draft Genome Assemblies Of Three Klebsiella Grimontii Strains Isolated From Catheterized Urine Samples From The Same Male Participant Over The Course Of 6 Months, Helen Appleberry, Warwick Price, Lorenzo Roque, Evelyn Umana, Alan J. Wolfe, Catherine Putonti, Alex Kula
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Klebsiella grimontii is a newly identified species within the Klebsiella oxytoca complex. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of three K. grimontii strains that were isolated from catheterized urine samples collected from a participant in a longitudinal study over ~6 months.
Evidence Of Lactobacillus Strains Shared Between The Female Urinary And Vaginal Microbiota, Haley Atkins, Baani Sabharwal, Leah Boger, Natalie Stegman, Alexander Kula, Alan J. Wolfe, Swarnali Banerjee, Catherine Putonti
Evidence Of Lactobacillus Strains Shared Between The Female Urinary And Vaginal Microbiota, Haley Atkins, Baani Sabharwal, Leah Boger, Natalie Stegman, Alexander Kula, Alan J. Wolfe, Swarnali Banerjee, Catherine Putonti
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Lactobacillus species are common inhabitants of the ‘healthy’ female urinary and vaginal communities, often associated with a lack of symptoms in both anatomical sites. Given identification by prior studies of similar bacterial species in both communities, it has been hypothesized that the two microbiotas are in fact connected. Here, we carried out whole-genome sequencing of 49 Lactobacillus strains, including 16 paired urogenital samples from the same participant. These strains represent five different Lactobacillus species: L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. iners, L. jensenii, and L. paragasseri. Average nucleotide identity (ANI), alignment, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and CRISPR comparisons between strains from the …
Draft Genome Sequences For A Staphylococcus Aureus And A Staphylococcus Haemolyticus Isolate From Nasal Swab Samples From Healthy Females, Sandra Jablonska, Hannah Brown, Helen Appleberry, Catherine Putonti, Alex Kula
Draft Genome Sequences For A Staphylococcus Aureus And A Staphylococcus Haemolyticus Isolate From Nasal Swab Samples From Healthy Females, Sandra Jablonska, Hannah Brown, Helen Appleberry, Catherine Putonti, Alex Kula
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus are common members of the human microbiota, but they are also opportunistic pathogens. To identify antibiotic resistance in healthy individuals, we present the genome sequences of S. aureus 139 N-1 and S. haemolyticus 173 N-3, both isolated from nasal swab samples from asymptomatic female participants.
Neuroinflammation And Gut Barrier Function Post Traumatic Brain Injury, Anne Sullivan
Neuroinflammation And Gut Barrier Function Post Traumatic Brain Injury, Anne Sullivan
Master's Theses
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality that afflicts millions of people in the United States annually. TBI mice had significantly increased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased expression of tight junction proteins CLDN5, CLDN12, and OCLD in brain lesion tissue. TBI mice exhibited a significant accumulation of FITC in the middle and distal part of the small intestine compared to sham mice. TBI mice exhibited an increase in pathogenic bacteria Enterobacteriaceae and a decrease in beneficial bacteria lactobacillus. TBI mice exhibited a trend toward an increase in permeability compared to no treatment. These …
Draft Genome Assembly Of Lactobacillus Johnsonii Umb3423 From A Voided Urine Sample, Natalie Stegman, Maria Steiling, Briana Jackson, Cerena Sedano, Catherine Putonti
Draft Genome Assembly Of Lactobacillus Johnsonii Umb3423 From A Voided Urine Sample, Natalie Stegman, Maria Steiling, Briana Jackson, Cerena Sedano, Catherine Putonti
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
While the urogenital microbiota of asymptomatic females is often dominated by species of Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus johnsonii is not a common member. It is more frequently found in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of L. johnsonii UMB3423, which was isolated from a voided urine sample.
The Role Of Micrornas In Lung Inflammation After Alcohol And Burn Injury, Connor O'Neal Guzior
The Role Of Micrornas In Lung Inflammation After Alcohol And Burn Injury, Connor O'Neal Guzior
Master's Theses
Acute lung injury (ALI) and the subsequent development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are among the leading causes of post-burn morbidity and mortality. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that are known to regulate gene expression and help regulate lung homeostasis. In this study, we profiled four anti-inflammatory miRNAs (miR-146a, miR-150, miR-194, and miR-671) in lung tissue following an alcohol and burn injury. We found that miR-146a and miR-671 were significantly downregulated in lungs one day after combined injury, leading to increased lung inflammation and pathology. Biological sex did not have an effect on this pathophysiological process. We also …
Investigating Car T Cell Persistence, Functional Phenotype, And The Associations With Clinical Response In Cd19 Car T Cell Treated Patients, Oliwia Bochnacka
Investigating Car T Cell Persistence, Functional Phenotype, And The Associations With Clinical Response In Cd19 Car T Cell Treated Patients, Oliwia Bochnacka
Master's Theses
CAR T cell therapy is the adoptive transfer of autologous T cells genetically engineered to express an artificial T cell receptor. In the clinic, CAR T cells have been most effective in treating hematological malignancies and there have been many efforts to continue improving both the safety and efficacy of CAR T cells. Using patient blood samples from the Loyola CD19 CAR T clinical trial, we studied CD19 CAR T persistence and the cell surface phenotype to identify how CD19 CAR T cells change over time in the blood of treated patients and determine whether there were trends associated with …
Draft Genomes Of Two Enterobacter Hormaechei Strains Isolated From Catheterized Urine Samples From Females Experiencing Overactive Bladder Symptoms, Helen Appleberry, Richa Patel, Kanishka Singh, Alan J. Wolfe, Catherine Putonti, Alex Kula
Draft Genomes Of Two Enterobacter Hormaechei Strains Isolated From Catheterized Urine Samples From Females Experiencing Overactive Bladder Symptoms, Helen Appleberry, Richa Patel, Kanishka Singh, Alan J. Wolfe, Catherine Putonti, Alex Kula
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
In this study, we present the draft genome of two Enterobacter hormaechei strains isolated from catheterized urine specimens from females with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. Through the sequencing of these E. hormaechei strains, we aim to better understand its presence and putative role in OAB in the female urinary tract.
Draft Genome Sequences Of Three Lactobacillus Crispatus Strains, Isolated From The Female Urinary Tract, Cerena Sedano, Natalie Stegman, Maria Steiling, Briana Jackson, Catherine Putonti
Draft Genome Sequences Of Three Lactobacillus Crispatus Strains, Isolated From The Female Urinary Tract, Cerena Sedano, Natalie Stegman, Maria Steiling, Briana Jackson, Catherine Putonti
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Lactobacillus crispatus is a frequent member of the female urogenital microbiota. Here, we present the draft genome assemblies of three L. crispatus strains: UMB4356, UMB5661, and UMB6244. All strains were isolated from voided urine samples from females with type 2 diabetes.
Cataloging The Phylogenetic Diversity Of Human Bladder Bacterial Isolates, Jingjie Du, Mark Khemmani, Thomas Halverson, Adriana Ene, Roberto Limeira, Lana Tinawi, Baylie R. Hochstedler-Kramer, Melline Fontes Noronha, Catherine Putonti, Alan J. Wolfe
Cataloging The Phylogenetic Diversity Of Human Bladder Bacterial Isolates, Jingjie Du, Mark Khemmani, Thomas Halverson, Adriana Ene, Roberto Limeira, Lana Tinawi, Baylie R. Hochstedler-Kramer, Melline Fontes Noronha, Catherine Putonti, Alan J. Wolfe
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Background: Although the human bladder is reported to harbor unique microbiota, our understanding of how these microbial communities interact with their human hosts is limited, mostly owing to the lack of isolates to test mechanistic hypotheses. Niche-specific bacterial collections and associated reference genome databases have been instrumental in expanding knowledge of the microbiota of other anatomical sites, such as the gut and oral cavity. Results: To facilitate genomic, functional, and experimental analyses of the human bladder microbiota, we present a bladder-specific bacterial isolate reference collection comprising 1134 genomes, primarily from adult females. These genomes were culled from bacterial isolates obtained …
Field-Based Measurement Tools To Distinguish Clonal Typha Taxa And Estimate Biomass: A Resource For Conservation And Restoration, Brian M. Ohsowski, Cassidy Redding, Pamela Geddes, Shane Lishawa
Field-Based Measurement Tools To Distinguish Clonal Typha Taxa And Estimate Biomass: A Resource For Conservation And Restoration, Brian M. Ohsowski, Cassidy Redding, Pamela Geddes, Shane Lishawa
School of Environmental Sustainability: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Two species of clonal Typha [T. latifolia (native) and T. angustifolia (exotic)] hybridize to form the highly invasive, heterotic (high vigor) T. × glauca in North American wetlands leading to increased primary production, litter accumulation, and biodiversity loss. Conservation of T. latifolia has become critical as invasive Typha has overwhelmed wetlands. In the field, Typha taxa identification is difficult due to subtle differences in morphology, and molecular identification is often unfeasible for managers. Furthermore, improved methods to non-destructively estimate Typha biomass is imperative to enhance ecological impact assessments. To address field-based Typha ID limitations, our study developed a predictive …
Draft Genome Of Staphylococcus Capitis O112, Isolated From The Cheek Swab Of A Healthy Female, Sandra Jablonska, Alex Kula, Catherine Putonti
Draft Genome Of Staphylococcus Capitis O112, Isolated From The Cheek Swab Of A Healthy Female, Sandra Jablonska, Alex Kula, Catherine Putonti
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Staphylococcus capitis is a Gram-positive bacterium that is part of the normal human flora, found in multiple anatomical sites. Here, we present the 2.5-Mbp draft genome of S. capitis O112, isolated from a cheek swab collected from a healthy female.
Draft Genome Sequences Of Lactobacillus Mulieris Strains Isolated From The Female Urinary Tract, Natalie Stegman, Maria Steiling, Cerena Sedano, Briana Jackson, Catherine Putonti
Draft Genome Sequences Of Lactobacillus Mulieris Strains Isolated From The Female Urinary Tract, Natalie Stegman, Maria Steiling, Cerena Sedano, Briana Jackson, Catherine Putonti
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Lactobacillus mulieris is a frequent member of the healthy female urogenital tract. Here, we present the draft genomes of two L. mulieris strains isolated from urine samples: UMB0446 and UMB3420. The draft genomes presented here further expand our understanding of the female urinary microbiome.
Draft Genomes Of Lactobacillus Jensenii Umb0908, Umb1545, And Umb5777 From The Urinary Tract, Maria Steiling, Briana Jackson, Natalie Stegman, Cerena Sedano, Catherine Putonti
Draft Genomes Of Lactobacillus Jensenii Umb0908, Umb1545, And Umb5777 From The Urinary Tract, Maria Steiling, Briana Jackson, Natalie Stegman, Cerena Sedano, Catherine Putonti
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Lactobacillus jensenii is a member of the female urogenital microbiome. Previous research has identified strains of L. jensenii that are capable of inhibiting or killing uropathogens, including E. coli. Here, we present the draft genomes of three L. jensenii strains collected from urine samples.
Draft Genome Sequences Of Lactobacillus Paragasseri Strains Isolated From The Female Urinary Tract, Briana Jackson, Natalie Stegman, Cerena Sedano, Maria Steiling, Catherine Putonti
Draft Genome Sequences Of Lactobacillus Paragasseri Strains Isolated From The Female Urinary Tract, Briana Jackson, Natalie Stegman, Cerena Sedano, Maria Steiling, Catherine Putonti
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Lactobacillus species are often associated with a healthy environment in the female urogenital tract. Here, we present the draft genome assemblies for three L. paragasseri strains isolated from voided urine samples from females with type II diabetes; two of the strains were collected from the same individual 3 months apart.
Comparative Genomic Analysis Of Clinical Enterococcus Faecalis Distinguishes Strains Isolated From The Bladder, Baylie R. Hochstedler-Kramer, Adriana Ene, Catherine Putonti, Alan J. Wolfe
Comparative Genomic Analysis Of Clinical Enterococcus Faecalis Distinguishes Strains Isolated From The Bladder, Baylie R. Hochstedler-Kramer, Adriana Ene, Catherine Putonti, Alan J. Wolfe
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Background: Enterococcus faecalis is the most commonly isolated enterococcal species in clinical infection. This bacterium is notorious for its ability to share genetic content within and outside of its species. With this increased proficiency for horizontal gene transfer, tremendous genomic diversity within this species has been identified. Many researchers have hypothesized E. faecalis exhibits niche adaptation to establish infections or colonize various parts of the human body. Here, we hypothesize that E. faecalis strains isolated from the human bladder will carry unique genomic content compared to clinical strains isolated from other sources. Results: This analysis includes comparison of 111 E. …
Multivariate Adaptive Shrinkage Improves Cross-Population Transcriptome Prediction And Association Studies In Underrepresented Populations, Daniel Araujo, Chris Nguyen, Xiaowei Hu, Anna V. Mikhaylova, Christopher R. Gignoux, Kristin Ardlie, Kent D. Taylor, Peter Durda, Yongmei Liu, George Papanicolaou, Michael H. Cho, Stephen S. Rich, Jerome I. Rotter, Nhlbi Topmed Consortium, Hae Kyung Im, Ani Manichaikul, Heather Wheeler
Multivariate Adaptive Shrinkage Improves Cross-Population Transcriptome Prediction And Association Studies In Underrepresented Populations, Daniel Araujo, Chris Nguyen, Xiaowei Hu, Anna V. Mikhaylova, Christopher R. Gignoux, Kristin Ardlie, Kent D. Taylor, Peter Durda, Yongmei Liu, George Papanicolaou, Michael H. Cho, Stephen S. Rich, Jerome I. Rotter, Nhlbi Topmed Consortium, Hae Kyung Im, Ani Manichaikul, Heather Wheeler
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Transcriptome prediction models built with data from European-descent individuals are less accurate when applied to different populations because of differences in linkage disequilibrium patterns and allele frequencies. We hypothesized that methods that leverage shared regulatory effects across different conditions, in this case, across different populations, may improve cross-population transcriptome prediction. To test this hypothesis, we made transcriptome prediction models for use in transcriptome-wide association studies (TWASs) using different methods (elastic net, joint-tissue imputation [JTI], matrix expression quantitative trait loci [Matrix eQTL], multivariate adaptive shrinkage in R [MASHR], and transcriptome-integrated genetic association resource [TIGAR]) and tested their out-of-sample transcriptome prediction accuracy …
Miocene Phytolith And Diatom Dataset From 10.3myo Diatomite Formation, Fernley, Nevada, Usa, Jacopo Niccolò Cerasoni, Megan C. O'Toole, Richa Patel, Yoel E. Stuart
Miocene Phytolith And Diatom Dataset From 10.3myo Diatomite Formation, Fernley, Nevada, Usa, Jacopo Niccolò Cerasoni, Megan C. O'Toole, Richa Patel, Yoel E. Stuart
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Phytoliths are opal silica particles formed within plant tissues. Diatoms are aquatic, single-celled photosynthetic algae with silica skeletons. Phytolith and diatom morphotypes vary depending on local environmental and climatic conditions and because their silicate structures preserve well, the study of phytolith and diatom morphotypes can be used to better understand paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental dynamics and changes. This article presents original data from an 820cm-deep stratigraphy excavated at the Hazen diatomite deposits, a high-elevation desert paleolake in the Fernley District, Northern Nevada, USA. The site has been studied for an assemblage of fossilized threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus doryssus, that reveal adaptive …
Historical Trends Of Aquatic Invasive Species Introduction And Establishment In Illinois, Usa, Carter S. Cranberg, Reuben Keller
Historical Trends Of Aquatic Invasive Species Introduction And Establishment In Illinois, Usa, Carter S. Cranberg, Reuben Keller
School of Environmental Sustainability: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Tracking the introduction and establishment of aquatic invasive species (AIS) is important for monitoring the biological and economic health of freshwater environments. The state of Illinois (USA) is a critical region for understanding the threats of AIS because it possesses the only continuous aquatic habitat connecting the Laurentian Great Lakes and Mississippi River Basins. In this study, we update a previous effort to catalogue and evaluate historical AIS records from Illinois. Our updated database shows that there are now at least 92 nonindigenous aquatic species established in Illinois and a further 51 have been recorded as introduced but not established. …
Exploring The Genotypic And Phenotypic Differences Distinguishing Lactobacillus Jensenii And Lactobacillus Mulieris, Adriana Ene, Swarnali Banerjee, Alan J. Wolfe, Catherine Putonti
Exploring The Genotypic And Phenotypic Differences Distinguishing Lactobacillus Jensenii And Lactobacillus Mulieris, Adriana Ene, Swarnali Banerjee, Alan J. Wolfe, Catherine Putonti
Mathematics and Statistics: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus iners, and Lactobacillus jensenii are dominant species of the urogenital microbiota. Prior studies suggest that these Lactobacillus species play a significant role in the urobiome of healthy females. In our prior genomic analysis of all publicly available L. jensenii and Lactobacillus mulieris genomes at the time (n = 43), we identified genes unique to these two closely related species. This motivated our further exploration here into their genotypic differences as well as into their phenotypic differences. First, we expanded genome sequence representatives of both species to 61 strains, including publicly available …
Improving Focality And Consistency In Micromagnetic Stimulation, Hui Ye, Vincent Hall, Jenna Hendee
Improving Focality And Consistency In Micromagnetic Stimulation, Hui Ye, Vincent Hall, Jenna Hendee
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
The novel micromagnetic stimulation (μMS) technology aims to provide high resolution on neuronal targets. However, consistency of neural activation could be compromised by a lack of surgical accuracy, biological variation, and human errors in operation. We have recently modeled the activation of an unmyelinated axon by a circular micro-coil. Although the coil could activate the axon, its performance sometimes lacked focality and consistency. The site of axonal activation could shift by several experimental factors, including the reversal of the coil current, displacement of the coil, and changes in the intensity of the stimulation. Current clinical practice with transcranial magnetic stimulation …
Beyond The Usual Suspects: Emerging Uropathogens In The Microbiome Age, Robert B. Moreland, Brian I. Choi, Wilson Geaman, Caroline Gonzalez, Baylie R. Hochstedler-Kramer, Jerrin John, Jacob Kaindl, Nikita Kesav, Jyoti Lamichhane, Luke Lucio, Malika Saxena, Aditi Sharma, Lana Tinawi, Michael E. Vanek, Catherine Putonti, Linda Brubaker, Alan J. Wolfe
Beyond The Usual Suspects: Emerging Uropathogens In The Microbiome Age, Robert B. Moreland, Brian I. Choi, Wilson Geaman, Caroline Gonzalez, Baylie R. Hochstedler-Kramer, Jerrin John, Jacob Kaindl, Nikita Kesav, Jyoti Lamichhane, Luke Lucio, Malika Saxena, Aditi Sharma, Lana Tinawi, Michael E. Vanek, Catherine Putonti, Linda Brubaker, Alan J. Wolfe
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
The advent of sensitive enhanced culture (metaculturomic) and culture-independent DNA-based (metagenomic) methods has revealed a rich collection of microbial species that inhabit the human urinary tract. Known as the urinary microbiome, this community of microbes consists of hundreds of distinct species that range across the entire phylogenetic spectrum. This new knowledge clashes with standard clinical microbiology laboratory methods, established more than 60 years ago, that focus attention on a relatively small subset of universally acknowledged uropathogens. Increasing reports support the hypothesis that this focus is too narrow. Single uropathogen reports are common in women with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), …
Egestion Rates Of Microplastic Fibres In Fish Scaled To In Situ Concentration And Fish Density, Loren Hou, Rachel Mcneish, Timothy Hoellein
Egestion Rates Of Microplastic Fibres In Fish Scaled To In Situ Concentration And Fish Density, Loren Hou, Rachel Mcneish, Timothy Hoellein
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Microplastics (particles <5 >mm) are commonly found in aquatic organisms across taxonomic groups and ecosystems. However, the egestion rate of microplastics from aquatic organisms and how egestion rates compare to other rates of microplastic movement in the environment are sparsely documented.We fed microplastic fibres to round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus), an abundant, invasive species in the Laurentian Great Lakes. We conducted two trials where round gobies were fed microplastic-containing food either a single time (1 day) or every day over 7 days.There was no difference in microplastic egestion rates from the 1 day or 7 day feeding trials, suggesting no impact of …
Genetic And Environmental Variation Impact Transferability Of Polygenic Risk Scores, Daniel S. Araújo, Heather E. Wheeler
Genetic And Environmental Variation Impact Transferability Of Polygenic Risk Scores, Daniel S. Araújo, Heather E. Wheeler
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Even when polygenic risk scores (PRSs) are trained in African ancestral populations, Kamiza and colleagues showed that genetic and environmental variation within sub-Saharan African populations impacts prediction performance, highlighting the challenges of clinical implementation of PRSs for risk assessment.
Accelerating Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Using Electrical Stimulation Of Selected Power Spectral Densities, Wei-Ming Yu, Madelyn Mccullen, Vincent Chiun-Fan Chen
Accelerating Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Using Electrical Stimulation Of Selected Power Spectral Densities, Wei-Ming Yu, Madelyn Mccullen, Vincent Chiun-Fan Chen
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Peripheral nerve injuries are common consequences of extremity trauma or chronic compression with a prevalence of 43.8 per 1 million people (on average) reported in the United States annually, accompanied by a yearly increase in cost of care. Patients suffering from these injuries require surgical procedures and rehabilitative strategies to reinforce their extensive recovery. Several studies have found that the application of electrical stimulation can accelerate peripheral nerve regeneration, thus shortening the time of peripheral nerve growth and reducing the cost of care (Willand et al., 2016). The electrical stimulation paradigms that effectively enhanced functional recovery in most studies employed …
Hypoxia-Induced Predation Refuge For Northern Quahogs (Mercenaria Mercenaria) In A Temperate Estuary, Bryan P. Galligan S.J., Yoel E. Stuart, M. Conor Mcmanus, Heather E. Stoffel
Hypoxia-Induced Predation Refuge For Northern Quahogs (Mercenaria Mercenaria) In A Temperate Estuary, Bryan P. Galligan S.J., Yoel E. Stuart, M. Conor Mcmanus, Heather E. Stoffel
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Oxygen depletion in estuaries and coastal waters is often associated with reduced biodiversity, coastal dead zones, and the loss of important ecosystem services. However, some species can benefit from low oxygen conditions due to the indirect effects these conditions have on trophic relationships. In Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, U.S.A., northern quahogs (Mercenaria mercenaria) reach their highest densities in the areas of the Bay most prone to oxygen depletion. One line of evidence suggests that suboxic events (hypoxia and anoxia) can aid quahogs by excluding predators. Here, we analyze data from long-term surveys of water quality and quahog abundances to test …
Evolution Of Static Allometry And Constraint On Evolutionary Allometry In A Fossil Stickleback, Kjetil L. Voje, Michael A. Bell, Yoel E. Stuart
Evolution Of Static Allometry And Constraint On Evolutionary Allometry In A Fossil Stickleback, Kjetil L. Voje, Michael A. Bell, Yoel E. Stuart
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Allometric scaling describes the relationship of trait size to body size within and among taxa. The slope of the population-level regression of trait size against body size (i.e. static allometry) is typically invariant among closely related populations and species. Such invariance is commonly interpreted to reflect a combination of developmental and selective constraints that delimit a phenotypic space into which evolution could proceed most easily. Thus, understanding how allometric relationships do eventually evolve is important to understanding phenotypic diversification. In a lineage of fossil Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus doryssus), we investigated the evolvability of static allometric slopes for nine traits (five …
Rapid Radiation Of Zeiformes Revealed Through Comparison Of Jaw Morphologies, Jeffrey Peters
Rapid Radiation Of Zeiformes Revealed Through Comparison Of Jaw Morphologies, Jeffrey Peters
Master's Theses
Zeiformes (e.g., Dories, Lookdown dories, Tinselfishes, Oreos) are a deep (1000 m) to mid-water (100 m) marine order of acanthomorph fishes with a circumpolar distribution, and a fossil record extending back to the Late Cretaceous. The order consists of 33 species across six families. The phylogenetic placement of the Zeiformes within Teleostei has been debated, but more recent studies based on both molecular and morphological data place Zeiforms within Paracanthopterygii closely related to Gadiformes. Zeiformes are characterized by anal and dorsal profiles that contain a variable number of fin rays and spines. They are mostly deep bodied, highly compressed fishes …
Investigating The Bactericidal Activity Of Lactobacillus Crispatus Cell-Free-Supernatant, Omar Majed Abdul-Rahim
Investigating The Bactericidal Activity Of Lactobacillus Crispatus Cell-Free-Supernatant, Omar Majed Abdul-Rahim
Dissertations
Antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) microorganisms are an increasingly seriousproblem worldwide, accounting for thousands of fatalities annually. The current literature on combating AMR pathogens often centers on commensal microbes such as Lactobacillus species, which are most frequently found in asymptomatic ‘healthy’ patients and are believed to elicit protective effects. In this dissertation, I sought to investigate the protective effect of Lactobacillus crispatus, utilizing our vast collection of clinical isolates. Previous work from our lab had found that cell-free-supernatant (CFS) of L. crispatus is robustly bactericidal, and that this killing activity does not depend on hydrogen peroxide or lactic acid. We identified phenyl-lactic acid …
Combining Gwas And Population Genomic Analyses To Characterize Coevolution In A Legume-Rhizobia Symbiosis, Brendan Epstein, Liana T. Burghardt, Katy D. Heath, Michael A. Grillo, Adam Kostanecki, Toumas Hämälä, Nevin D. Young, Peter Tiffin
Combining Gwas And Population Genomic Analyses To Characterize Coevolution In A Legume-Rhizobia Symbiosis, Brendan Epstein, Liana T. Burghardt, Katy D. Heath, Michael A. Grillo, Adam Kostanecki, Toumas Hämälä, Nevin D. Young, Peter Tiffin
Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
The mutualism between legumes and rhizobia is clearly the product of past coevolution. However, the nature of ongoing evolution between these partners is less clear. To characterize the nature of recent coevolution between legumes and rhizobia, we used population genomic analysis to characterize selection on functionally annotated symbiosis genes as well as on symbiosis gene candidates identified through a two-species association analysis. For the association analysis, we inoculated each of 202 accessions of the legume host Medicago truncatula with a community of 88 Sinorhizobia (Ensifer) meliloti strains. Multistrain inoculation, which better reflects the ecological reality of rhizobial selection in nature …