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Articles 421 - 450 of 506

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Comparative Leaf Anatomy And Systematics In Dendrobium, Sections Aporum And Rhizobium (Orchidaceae), Barbara Carlsward, William Stern, Walter Judd, Terence Lucansky Jan 1997

Comparative Leaf Anatomy And Systematics In Dendrobium, Sections Aporum And Rhizobium (Orchidaceae), Barbara Carlsward, William Stern, Walter Judd, Terence Lucansky

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The specialized leaf anatomy for species of Dendrobium within section Aporum is similar to that of species in section Rhizobium. In both sections leaves are characterized by a unifacial or nearly unifacial surface where the exposed surface is abaxial. However, leaves in section Rhizobium also feature a lacuna submerged in the mesophyll and surrounded by an adaxial epidermis. In contrast, leaves in section Aporum merely present an internal suture that divides the leaf into bilateral halves. These two sections of Dendrobium are hypothesized to be sister taxa because of synapomorphies in their foliar anatomy. A cladistic analysis performed with various …

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Selective Predation On The Seeds Of Woody Plants, Scott Meiners, Edmund Stiles Jan 1997

Selective Predation On The Seeds Of Woody Plants, Scott Meiners, Edmund Stiles

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Selective predation on the seeds of woody plants. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 124: 67-70). 1997.-Seed predation may be an important factor influencing the structure of successional plant communities. We used a cafeteria-style experiment, placed in an old field and an early successional forest, to determine predator preferences for seeds of nine species of woody plants. Intensity of seed predation was equivalent in both sites. Seed predators preferred Acer saccharum, flex vertic illata, and Viburnum dentatum, but this was not related to seed mass. Predation intensity was more variable in the old field than in the forest, possibly related to the …

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Life History Characteristics Of Daphnia Lumholtzi And Its Susceptibility To An Invertebrate Predator, Eden L. Rawski Jan 1997

Life History Characteristics Of Daphnia Lumholtzi And Its Susceptibility To An Invertebrate Predator, Eden L. Rawski

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

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Haploid Plant Regeneration From Anther Cultures Of Three North American Cultivars Of Strawberry (Fragaria X Ananassa Duch.), Henry R. Owen, A. Raymond Miller Jan 1996

Haploid Plant Regeneration From Anther Cultures Of Three North American Cultivars Of Strawberry (Fragaria X Ananassa Duch.), Henry R. Owen, A. Raymond Miller

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

A study was conducted to maxmuze plant regeneration frequencies from cultured anthers of' Chandler', 'Honeoye', and 'Redchief strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.). A comparison of auxins (IAA, NAA), cytokinins (BA, BPA, KIN) and carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose, maltose) in MS medium showed that the highest shoot regeneration across cultivars (8%) occurred when using a medium containing 2 mgtl IAA, I mgtl BA, and 0.2 M glucose. A comparison ofMS, NN, and HI inorganic medium (a new formulation based on the anther culture literature) solidified with either agar or gellan gum and containing IAA, BA, and glucose, showed the highest shoot regeneration …

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Plant Germplasm, Henry R. Owen Jan 1996

Plant Germplasm, Henry R. Owen

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

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Successional Changes And Habitat Selection In Hayfield Bird Communities, Eric K. Bollinger Jul 1995

Successional Changes And Habitat Selection In Hayfield Bird Communities, Eric K. Bollinger

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

I examined the effects of successional changes in vegetation on the breeding dispersion of grassland birds in hayfields in New York. I sampled vegetation and counted birds in 90 hayfields of various ages (i.e. number of years since planting) and sizes that were originally planted to a legume-dominated seed mixture. I also resampled a subset of these fields two years later. Over time, these hayfields changed from tall, dense, homogeneous stands of legume-dominated vegetation to short, sparse, patchy stands of grass-dominated vegetation. Fields of all ages were dominated by introduced plant species. Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus), the most common bird …

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Successional Changes And Habitat Selection In Hayfield Bird Communities, Eric Bollinger Jul 1995

Successional Changes And Habitat Selection In Hayfield Bird Communities, Eric Bollinger

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

I examined the effects of successional changes in vegetation on the breeding dispersion of grassland birds in hayfields in New York. I sampled vegetation and counted birds in 90 hayfields of various ages (i.e. number of years since planting) and sizes that were originally planted to a legume-dominated seed mixture. I also resampled a subset of these fields two years later. Over time, these hayfields changed from tall, dense, homogeneous stands of legume-dominated vegetation to short, sparse, patchy stands of grass-dominated vegetation. Fields of all ages were dominated by introduced plant species. Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus), the most common bird …

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Preliminary Keys To Carex (Cyperaceae) In New York State, Gordon Tucker May 1995

Preliminary Keys To Carex (Cyperaceae) In New York State, Gordon Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

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Preliminary Keys To Carex (Cyperaceae) In New York State, Gordon C. Tucker May 1995

Preliminary Keys To Carex (Cyperaceae) In New York State, Gordon C. Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

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Preliminary Keys To Carex (Cyperaceae) In New York State, Gordon C. Tucker May 1995

Preliminary Keys To Carex (Cyperaceae) In New York State, Gordon C. Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

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Genetic Structure Of Mosquitofish Populations In The Altamaha And Ogeechee Drainages Of Georgia: Reporting An Undescribed Form In The Ocmulgee River, Jose D. Hernandez-Martich, James M. Novak, Michael H. Smith, Paul E. Johns Jan 1995

Genetic Structure Of Mosquitofish Populations In The Altamaha And Ogeechee Drainages Of Georgia: Reporting An Undescribed Form In The Ocmulgee River, Jose D. Hernandez-Martich, James M. Novak, Michael H. Smith, Paul E. Johns

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

An electrophoretic survey of genetic variation in mosquitofish populations of the Altamaha and Ogeechee drainages in Georgia revealed significant divergence (fs,=O.270) among populations within the Altamaha. Cluster analysis showed two lineages: one formed by populations from the Ogeechee drainage and the eastern and central Altamaha branches and another consisting of populations from the Ocmulgee River, the westernmost branch of the Altamaha drainage. These lineages may represent two independent forms. Average modified Rogers’ genetic distance was 0.25% between the two groups. The O_cmulgee lineage had significantly higher multilocus heterozygosity (H=0.206) than the other one (I-/=0.120). The high heterozygosity in the Ocmulgee …

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The Soil Seed Pool Of Huffman Prairie, A Degraded Ohio Prairie, And Its Potential In Restoration, Scott Meiners, David Gorchov Jan 1994

The Soil Seed Pool Of Huffman Prairie, A Degraded Ohio Prairie, And Its Potential In Restoration, Scott Meiners, David Gorchov

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The germinable seeds in the soil of a relict Ohio prairie were investigated to determine the composition and density of dicots of potential value in restoration. Soil samples were collected from three areas of the prairie with distinctive species compositions: swale, north upland, and south upland. Seed density and species composition were based on seedling emergence over 90 days. North upland and south upland samples yielded similar total seedling densities (5,902 and 5,109 m·2 ) while that of the swale was greater ( 15,262 m·2 ). Thirteen introduced and 18 native dicot species were present; seven of the latter were …

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The Soil Seed Pool Of Huffman Prairie, A Degraded Ohio Prairie, And Its Potential In Restoration, Scott J. Meiners, David L. Gorchov Jan 1994

The Soil Seed Pool Of Huffman Prairie, A Degraded Ohio Prairie, And Its Potential In Restoration, Scott J. Meiners, David L. Gorchov

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The germinable seeds in the soil of a relict Ohio prairie were investigated to determine the composition and density of dicots of potential value in restoration. Soil samples were collected from three areas of the prairie with distinctive species compositions: swale, north upland, and south upland. Seed density and species composition were based on seedling emergence over 90 days. North upland and south upland samples yielded similar total seedling densities (5,902 and 5,109 m·2 ) while that of the swale was greater ( 15,262 m·2 ). Thirteen introduced and 18 native dicot species were present; seven of the latter were …

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Sugar Maple Succession In A Central Illinois Forest, Baber Woods, Rodney W. Davis Jan 1994

Sugar Maple Succession In A Central Illinois Forest, Baber Woods, Rodney W. Davis

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

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Ecology Of The Spotted Turtle, Clemmys Guttata At The Western Range Limit, Thomas P. Wilson Jan 1994

Ecology Of The Spotted Turtle, Clemmys Guttata At The Western Range Limit, Thomas P. Wilson

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

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A Comparison Of Staining Techniques For Somatic Chromosomes Of Strawberry, Henry R. Owen, A. Raymond Miller Jan 1993

A Comparison Of Staining Techniques For Somatic Chromosomes Of Strawberry, Henry R. Owen, A. Raymond Miller

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

A factorial combination of pretreatments, fixatives, and stains was examined to identify the best available method for staining the chromosomes of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. ‘Chandler’) root-tip cells. Three pretreatments ( a -bromonaphthalene, p -dichlorobenzene, and 8-hydroxyquinoline), three fixatives (Farmer’s fluid, Carnoy’s fluid, and Newcomer’s fluid), and five stains (acetocarmine, alcoholic hydrochloric-acid carmine, altered carbol fuchsin, lacto-propionic orcein, and leucobasic fuchsin) were tested. Pretreatment with either a -bromonaphthalene (saturated aqueous) or 8-hydroxyquinoline (2 mM) for 5 hours at 14C, overnight fixation in Farmer’s fluid, hydrolysis in 1 N HCl (15 minutes at 60C), and staining with altered carbol fuchsin …

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Morphological Asymmetry In Mammals: Genetics And Homeostasis Reconsidered, James M. Novak, Olin E. Rhodes Jr., Michael H. Smith, Ronald K. Chesser Jan 1993

Morphological Asymmetry In Mammals: Genetics And Homeostasis Reconsidered, James M. Novak, Olin E. Rhodes Jr., Michael H. Smith, Ronald K. Chesser

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

It has been hypothesized that developmental stability is increased at higher levels of genetic variability (heterozygosity) in animals. However, the existence of this relationship is questionable for homeotherms in general and mammals in particular. The difference between the sides of a bilateral character in an individual is a measure of fluctuating asymmetry that can be used as a measure of the developmental stability of mammals. Increased developmental stability should result in a greater degree of similarity between the right and left side of the body even though environmental variability would tend to increase the differences between right and left sides …

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Fabrication And Characterization Of Thin, Self‐Supporting Germanium Single Crystals, M. W. Grant, P. F. Lyman, J. H. Hoogenraad, Barbara S. Carlsward, D. A. Arms, L. E. Seiberling, F. Namavar Jan 1993

Fabrication And Characterization Of Thin, Self‐Supporting Germanium Single Crystals, M. W. Grant, P. F. Lyman, J. H. Hoogenraad, Barbara S. Carlsward, D. A. Arms, L. E. Seiberling, F. Namavar

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Thin Gesingle crystals (≤1 μm) up to 4 mm in diameter have been fabricated from epitaxialGefilmsgrown by atmospheric pressurechemical vapor deposition on Si(100) wafers. The thin Ge windows are formed by chemically etching away both the Si substrate and the region of the Gefilm near the interface that contains misfit dislocations associated with heteroepitaxialgrowth and relaxation of the Gefilms. The resulting Gefilms are comparable in crystalline quality to bulk Ge wafers, as indicated by ion channeling studies.

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Evolution Of Mammalian Social Structure, Ronald K. Chesser, Derrick W. Sugg, O. Eugene Rhodes Jr., James M. Novak, Michael H. Smith Jan 1993

Evolution Of Mammalian Social Structure, Ronald K. Chesser, Derrick W. Sugg, O. Eugene Rhodes Jr., James M. Novak, Michael H. Smith

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Social groups may be viewed as collections of individuals exhibiting nonindependent behavior and organized in a cooperative manner. The evolutionary advantage of social behavior to individuals must be measured in its relativity to other potential behaviors, the scale of competitive interactions, and under a variety of environmental and genetic constraints. A primary tenet of social evolution is that coancestry will promote the genes of related individuals. High values of coancestry, however, do not necessarily translate into evolutionary advantage unless the primary competitive interactions occur among the groups. Coancestry is affected by the breeding tactics within and rates of genetic exchange …

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Fabrication And Characterization Of Thin, Self‐Supporting Germanium Single Crystals, M. Grant, P. Lyman, J. Hoogenraad, Barbara Carlsward, D. Arms, L. Seiberling, F. Namavar Jan 1993

Fabrication And Characterization Of Thin, Self‐Supporting Germanium Single Crystals, M. Grant, P. Lyman, J. Hoogenraad, Barbara Carlsward, D. Arms, L. Seiberling, F. Namavar

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Thin Gesingle crystals (≤1 μm) up to 4 mm in diameter have been fabricated from epitaxialGefilmsgrown by atmospheric pressurechemical vapor deposition on Si(100) wafers. The thin Ge windows are formed by chemically etching away both the Si substrate and the region of the Gefilm near the interface that contains misfit dislocations associated with heteroepitaxialgrowth and relaxation of the Gefilms. The resulting Gefilms are comparable in crystalline quality to bulk Ge wafers, as indicated by ion channeling studies.

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Biochemical Systematics Of Notothenioid Fishes From Antarctica, Mara A. Mcdonald, Michael H. Smith, Michael W. Smith, James M. Novak, Paul E. Johns, Arthur L. Devries Jan 1992

Biochemical Systematics Of Notothenioid Fishes From Antarctica, Mara A. Mcdonald, Michael H. Smith, Michael W. Smith, James M. Novak, Paul E. Johns, Arthur L. Devries

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Genetic variation at 30 protein-coding loci was examined in seven forms of notothenioid fishes from Antarctica. Multilocus heterozygosity varied from 0.018 to 0.078 across taxa. An analysis of the allozyme data revealed the probable existence of an unrecognized cryptic species within Trematomu5 bemacchii. Pagothenia borchgrevinki is as closely related to some species of Trematomus as are some species of Trematomus to each other. Speciation among the species of Trematomus and Pagothenia appears to have taken place primarily after the separation of Antarctica from Australia.

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An Examination And Correction Of Plant Tissue Culture Basal Medium Formulations, Henry R. Owen, A. Raymond Miller Jan 1992

An Examination And Correction Of Plant Tissue Culture Basal Medium Formulations, Henry R. Owen, A. Raymond Miller

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The inorganic formulations of fourteen common plant tissue culture basal media were examined from the primary literature. Inaccuracies and errors were found for molecular formulae, chemical hydrations, and molar equivalences for iron/EDTA complexation. A comparison with published basal medium formulations from six commercial suppliers uncovered additional inaccuracies, modifications, and errors, thereby emphasizing the need for investigators to examine and describe medium formulations precisely in future publications.

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Effects Of Forest Fragmentation On Neotropical Migrant Landbirds In East-Central Illinois, Eric Thomas Linder Jan 1992

Effects Of Forest Fragmentation On Neotropical Migrant Landbirds In East-Central Illinois, Eric Thomas Linder

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

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Sagina Japonica (Sw.) Ohwi, An Overlooked Adventive In The Northeastern United States, Richard Mitchell, Gordon Tucker Jan 1991

Sagina Japonica (Sw.) Ohwi, An Overlooked Adventive In The Northeastern United States, Richard Mitchell, Gordon Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

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Scirpus Polyphyllus (Cyperaceae) In New Hampshire, Gordon Tucker Jan 1991

Scirpus Polyphyllus (Cyperaceae) In New Hampshire, Gordon Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

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Sagina Japonica (Sw.) Ohwi, An Overlooked Adventive In The Northeastern United States, Richard S. Mitchell, Gordon C. Tucker Jan 1991

Sagina Japonica (Sw.) Ohwi, An Overlooked Adventive In The Northeastern United States, Richard S. Mitchell, Gordon C. Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

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Culture Medium Ph Is Influenced By Basal Medium, Carbohydrate Source, Gelling Agent, Activated Charcoal, And Medium Storage Method, Henry R. Owen, Donna Wengerd, A. Raymond Miller Jan 1991

Culture Medium Ph Is Influenced By Basal Medium, Carbohydrate Source, Gelling Agent, Activated Charcoal, And Medium Storage Method, Henry R. Owen, Donna Wengerd, A. Raymond Miller

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

When four carbohydrates were tested against six commonly cited inorganic basal media, post-autoclave pH was highest for carbohydrate-free and sucrose- containing media, and progressively lower for maltose-, P lucose-, and fructose-containing media, respectively, post-autoclave pH for these media without carbohydrates was related to medium buffering capacity. Addition of gelling agents (10 of 11 tested) increased the post¬autoclave pH of MS medium containing sucrose. Neutralized and acid-washed activated charcoal also increased the post-autoclave pH of liquid and agar- solidified MS medium, and the pH changed further during 8 weeks of storage. Changes in medium pH caused by gelling agents, but not …

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Scirpus Polyphyllus (Cyperaceae) In New Hampshire, Gordon C. Tucker Jan 1991

Scirpus Polyphyllus (Cyperaceae) In New Hampshire, Gordon C. Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

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Catch-Effort Estimation Of White-Tailed Deer Population Size, James M. Novak, Kim T. Scribner, William D. Dupont, Michael H. Smith Jan 1991

Catch-Effort Estimation Of White-Tailed Deer Population Size, James M. Novak, Kim T. Scribner, William D. Dupont, Michael H. Smith

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Estimation of population size is important for most research in population biology and in the management of game species. Using a stochastic, catch-effort, competing risks model (Dupont 1983), we estimated the population size of the Savannah River Site white-tailed deer (Odocotleus virginianus) herd for 1965-86. Population size varied markedly in response to changes in both hunting method and pressure. Still hunters preferentially harvested older animals compared to dog hunters. Deer were 2.37 times more susceptible to harvest from dog hunting than from still hunting. Hunter-induced mortality was estimated as 1.73 and 4.10 times as large as nonhunting mortality for still …

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Frequency Distribution Of Conception Dates In A White-Tailed Deer Herd, James M. Novak, Olin E. Rhodes, Michael H. Smith, Paul E. Johns Jan 1991

Frequency Distribution Of Conception Dates In A White-Tailed Deer Herd, James M. Novak, Olin E. Rhodes, Michael H. Smith, Paul E. Johns

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Conception dates of white-tailed deer, Odocoi/eus virginia1111s (Zinunennann, 1780) were estimated for the breeding periods of 1974 - 76 and 1984 using fall and winter- spring fetal data. Conception dates estimated from data collected in the fall were biased. This bias resulted in an earlier mean conception date than that based on information which included data from later breeding females. Mean breeding dates differed significantly between female age classes due to delayed conception in fawns which also resulted in a skewed frequency distribution of conception dates. The frequency distribution of conception dates was leptokurtotic, suggesting that the distribution is constrnincd …

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