Biology Commons^™

The Terrestrial Flora Of South Padre Island, Texas, Robert I. Lonard, Frank W. Judd

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

The primary aim of this work is to enable the user to identify the flowering plants of South Padre Island; however, it should be useful for identification of plants on other Texas barrier islands and on the Mexican barrier islands. We hope that the keys will aid teachers, students, coastal zone managers, and individuals conducting environmental impact assessments.

Interpopulational & Species Comparisons Of The Genus Liquidambar, Diana Duckworth

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Growth patterns under controlled conditions and chemotaxonomic techniques involving protein and flavonoid analysis were used to investigate both interpopulational and species comparisons in the genus Liquidambar. Striking differences in budburstinq patterns after a dormant period were seen when comparing L. styraciflua and L. formosana. The latter species showed earlier initiation of growth. Dormancy patterns of L. styraciflua grown under growth chamber conditions showed a latitudinal cline. Cessation of growth occurred later in a Georgia population under both long and short day experimental periods than populations from Missouri and Kentucky. When grown under controlled conditions, flavonoid patterns from L. …

The Effect Of Light Intensity On The Incorporation Of Calcium Into The Carbonate Skeleton In Bossiella Orbigniania, Carol D. Logan

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effect of light intensity on the incorporation of calcium carbonate into the algal skeleton inBossiala orbigniana (Descaisne) Silva (1957) (Corallinaceae) was studied. Calcium-45 labeling of terminal segments under experimental laboratory conditions was used to estimate calcification rate. Plant sections were tested under each of six light intensities ranging between zero (darkness) and 1960 pW^-2cm Calcium incorporation was found to be enhanced in light treatments as compared with dark treatment. Light of intensities ranging from 285 pW cm^-2 to 1960 pW cm^-2gave enhancement effects which were not significantly different from each other. Three alternate …

A Floristic Survey Of The Vascular Plants Of Barren County, Kentucky, George Pryor Johnson

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

A floristic survey was made of the vascular plants of Barren County, Kentucky. A total of 1190 specimens were collected which represent 603 species, 351 genera and 103 families.

The Asteraceae had the largest number of species of any family, a total of 85. The next largest families were Poaceae and Fabaceae, with 54 and 35 species, respectively. The genus Carex was represented by 24 species, the largest number for any genus.

A description and discussion of the vascular flora of specific sites as well as the county in general is given. An annotated list of species is also presented.

A Comparative Analysis Of Plant Response Parameters : To The Los Angeles Aqueduct Systems In The Mojave Desert, California, Edwin F. Archbold

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A comparative study of the two Los Angeles aqueduct systems was appropriate and feasible because of the 57 year span between construction dates. Although, dealing with complex interactive relationships of a variety of parameters and some unmeasurable aspects, this project attempted to get a closer look at the impacts of man-made constructions in the Mojave Desert.

Land managers and ecologists are particularly interested in answering the questions, how did the Mojave Desert perennial vegetation respond to a utility construction, such as the Los Angeles aqueduct, and what is the intensity of damage to plant cover. The recovery rates for vegetation …

Botanical And Ecological Aspects Of Coastal Raised Peatlands In Maine : And Their Relevance To The Critical Areas Program Of The State Planning Office, Ian A. Worley

Maine Collection

Botanical and Ecological Aspects of Coastal Raised Peatlands in Maine : and Their Relevance to the Critical Areas Program of the State Planning Office.

by Ian A. Worley

A Report Prepared for the Maine Critical Areas Program, State Planning Office, 184 State Street, Augusta, Maine 04333.

Planning Report No. 69 (January 1980)

Contents: Foreword / Abstract / Table of Contents / List of Figures / List of Tables / Acknowledgements / Introduction / Natural History and Ecology of the Coastal Raised Peatlands / Selection of Coastal Peatlands Recommended for Evaluation by the Critical Areas Program / General Evaluation of Coastal …

Spider Community Organization : Seasonal Variation And The Role Of Vegetation Architecture, Cynthia L. Hatley, James A. Macmahon

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

The relationship between vegetation architecture and spider community attributes were examined in a big sage community. Spiders were separated into guilds using similarities of species' hunting behavior. Shrub architecture was experimentally manipulated in the field by either clippings 50% of the shrub's foliage to decrease foliage density or tying together a shrub's branches to increase foliage density. Shrub perturbations resulted in changes in the number of spider species, spider guilds and guild importance values. The number on spider species and guilds in the tied shrubs were significantly higher than those in the clipped or control shrubs sampled. Spider species diversity …

A Guide To The Threatened And Endangered Vascular Plants Of The Lake Mead National Recreation Area, James S. Holland, Wesley E. Niles, Charles L. Douglas, Dennis R. Schramm

Publications (WR)

This illustrated guide was prepared to provide the botanical community, land managers, and other interested persons with a reference that describes and locates the twelve plant taxa currently being considered by the Fish and Wildlife Service for threatened or endangered status in or around the Lake Mead National Recreation Area. The guide is intended to assist managers of government agencies in determining the presence of these species and in defining management programs for their protection. The guide should be consulted prior to any construction project. If a potential conflict is identified, an onsite evaluation should be conducted early in the …

Inflorescence Architecture And Flower Sex Ratios In Sagittaria Brevirostra (Alismataceae), Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Two populations of Sagittaria brevirostra from the same lake were sampled 10 years apart and yielded similar data on inflorescence structure and on numbers and ratios of male and female flowers. Larger inflorescences have relatively more male than female flowers than do smaller inflorescences. Pollination success is unrelated to inflorescence size or sex ratio within an inflorescence.

Plant Response To The Barstow To Las Vegas Motorcycle Race Of November, 1974, Candace E. Horsley

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine the disturbance spectrum of the perennial plant vegetation by the Barstow to Las Vegas motorcycle race. Transects were taken at the pit area, starting line, and at various locations along the race course. Measurements were also taken in undisturbed control sites near the test areas, the topographic and bio tic features being judged as equal. Methods employed consisted of aerial photograph analysis just before and after the race. On site ground measurements were taken four years after the 1974 motorocycle event. Measurements of diversity, stability, productivity, and community quality were calculated. The …

The Effects Of Two Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Aroclor 1016r And Aroclor 1242r) On The Growth And Chlorophyll Production Of Cultures Of Selenastrum Capricornutum, Jude William Grosser

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the School of Sciences and Mathematics at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Jude William Grosser on May 11, 1979.

Ecotypic Differentiation Of Andropogon Virginicus L. In Relation To Strip Mine Spoil Banks, Valina Kay Hurt

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Reciprocal plantings of populations of broomsedge, taken from an abandoned strip mine and from an abandoned farm plot in south central Kentucky, on strip mine spoil and abandoned field soil resulted in patterns of populations differentiation. Clonal plantings of populations from strip mine habitats and old field development appeared equal in height and biomass when grown on old field soils in both field trials and growth chamber studies. Populations when planted in strip mine soils in field trials and controlled growth experiments. Later flowering in strip mine populations may be a key to survival strategy in the harsh microclimates of …

A Taxonomic & Physiographic Survey Of Scirpus In Kentucky With Problem Species Complex Analysis, Sally Arnold

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The genus Scirpus was analyzed according to species occurrence and physiographic distribution in the State of Kentucky. The morphology of three taxonomic problem complexes, Scirpus atrovirens-georgianus, Scirpus validus-acutus, and Scirpus cyperinus-eriophorum-pelius-pedicellatus was evaluated to determine whether or not their components are distinct among the Kentucky specimens. Remaining taxa were likewise evaluated and identified. A key to Scirpus in Kentucky and a taxonomic treatment are presented.

Germination, Respiration And Photosynthesis In Seeds Of Dwarf Mistletoe (Arceuthobium), Steven Wayne Gustafson

Dissertations and Theses

Germination, respiration, and photosynthesis in seeds of dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium) were studied. The effects of 1 hour soakings of seeds in aqueous solutions of 1, 2, or 3% H₂O₂ or 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5% Chlorox on germination of seeds were tested. Germination rates for seeds from three consecutive years (1975-1977) were obtained. Germination rates varied widely. This variance transcended subtle changes in treatment. Pretreatment of seeds with Chlorox resulted in significantly lower germination rates than those of the control. Chlorophyll concentrations were determined for seeds and aerial shoot tissue of four species. Seeds …

Alpine Vegetation Of Steens Mountain, Paul Collins

Dissertations and Theses

A determination was made that the summit of Steens Mountain is an alpine tundra. The assessment was based on floristics, vegetation and community structure, environmental parameters, and geomorphological criteria. Microhabitats of Oxyria digyna at low elevations were found to approximate alpine conditions.

Bulletin No. 23: Plants And Animals Of The Estuary, William A. Niering, Paul E. Fell, Sally L. Taylor, Martine Villalard-Bohnsack, Nancy C. Olmstead

Bulletins

Descriptions and illustrations of over 70 estuarine species.

Ecotypic Differentiation In Ohio & Mississippi Populations Of Acer Negundo L., Anthony Greco

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Laboratory investigations of Acer negundo populations from two widely separated habitats revealed distinct patterns of ecotypic differentiation in budbursting, leaf fall, and chlorophyll levels. Second year seedlings of Mississippi seed origin had complete leaf emergence before any evidence of budbursting in the Ohio progeny of similar age. Leaf fall patterns showed a clear difference between the two populations with Ohio plants dropping their leaves 2.5 weeks prior to complete defoliation in the Mississippi progeny. Significant differences in chlorophyll levels were demonstrated with the more northern (higher latitude) Ohio population showing consistently greater amounts of chlorophyll per gram dry weight than …

Small Mammal Dissemination Of Dwarf Mistletoe Seeds, Daniel Eugene Lemons

Dissertations and Theses

No study has been done in the western United States concerning dispersal of dwarf mistletoe by mammals. At the outset of the study it was determined that the red squirrel, the yellow pine chipmunk (Eutamias amoenus), the northern flying squirrel, and the bushy-tailed wood rat (Neotaoma cinerea), were all potential vectors of seeds. The red squirrel was chosen as the main object of study because it is diurnal and is closely associated with ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), a heavily infected species. The study was undertaken to determine whether small mammals play a significant role in transporting mistletoe seeds to uninfected …

The Columnar Junipers Of Western North Dakota (An Investigation Into The Cause Of Their Columnarity), James M. Murphy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this report is to focus on the evaluation of the presence and amount of ethylene in the burning lignite fumes and to search for morphogenetic factors in the lignite at the Slope County site. The former was considered to be more important and was investigated more thoroughly.

Antimicrobial Activity Of Plant Extracts, Melinda J. Seid

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate a possible antimicrobial activity in the following plants: Brunfelsia hopeana, Anemopsis californica, and Heimia salicifolia against Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive coccus, Escherichia coli, a Gram-negative fermenter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative non-fermenter, and the yeast Candida albicans.

The Biology Of Coprinus Radians, Ozonium, Oidium, And Their Interrelationships, Thomas J. Fahey

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The pleomorphism of Coprinus radians was studied. The three distinct growth forms--sporophore, oidial stage, and ozonium stage--were examined in relation to ultrastructure, morphology and development. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy are correlated with photomicrographs of developmental stages. Development of the oidia and of the sporophore are of particular interest. The multinucleate oidia develop quite differently from oidia as generally described for Basidiomycete imperfect stages. Development of the oidia of this Coprinus is holoblastic and sympodial. The mushroom primordia are differentiated internally into gill, cap, and stipe hyphae while only l-2mm in diameter. At this stage they look superficially like sclerotial …

The Effect Of Carbon Dioxide Concentration On Calcification In The Red Coralline Alga Bossiella Orbigniana, A. Dwight Smith

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The relationship between various experimental concentrations of CO2 and calcification was studied by measuring Ca-45 incorporation into the crystalline matrix. Air containing CO2 at partial pressures (Pc02) of 0.04% to 5.5% was bubbled through synthetic sea water in incubation vessels. The resultant pH values ranged from 8.7 to 6.5. The relative concentrations ofCO2, HCO3 , and CO2— 3 were calculated from the measured ' pH—PCO2 combinations. Calcification was correlated positively with HCO expressed as percent of total carbon. Maximum calcification of about one—third above normal occurred between 0.1% and 1.0% P CCOO22 At 0.26% P calcification increased as increments of …

The Distribution Of Orcuttia Californica (Poaceae) In The Vernal Pools Of The Santa Rosa Plateau, Riverside County, California, Cluney M. Stagg

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Ecological studies were conducted on the rare annual grass Orcuttia californica (Vasey), an endemic to California, from April to September, 1976 in 11 vernal pools located on the Santa Rosa Plateau in Riverside County. To help determine why Orcutt grass occurs in only 6 of the 11 pools and more specifically why it only occurs in patches within a given pool, biweekly measurements of frequency, density and phenology were taken within each of a total of 28 circular plots (r = 10 meters) in 5 pools. This data was related to concurrent biweekly measurements of soil moisture, soil texture and …

A Taxonomic Study Of The Genus Cyperus (Cyperaceae) In West Virginia, Jan Renee Taylor

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Thirteen species of Cyperus are attributed to West Virginia, two of which are new additions to the flora of the state. Cyperus globulosus is added to the flora from one collection in Monongalia County. Cyperus ferruginescens is substituted for C. odoratus on the basis of a morphometric comparison of the two taxa. Polygonal graph analysis of these two closely related species showed culm width, achene length, and spikelet length to be significantly greater in C. odoratus. Further, C. odoratus is a coastal plain species while C. ferruginescens has a more inland distributional pattern. West Virginia material formerly assigned to …

Forest Composition Of Rock Creek Gorge A Virgin Forest In Laurel County, Kentucky, Margaret Ringland

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Rock Creek Gorge in Rock Creek Natural Landmark in Laurel County, Kentucky is a deep narrow gorge dominated by Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr., Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC., Betula lenta L. and Liriodendron tulipifera L. Rhododendron maximum L., dominating the understory, is also an important constituent of the gorge. An analysis of the forest composition showed the community to be stable and climax. The dominant species were found in sapling and seedling size classes. The vegetation varied slightly between the east facing and west facing slopes. Hemlock did not attain as high an importance value on the west facing slope, although …

Anatomical Observations On Floating Leaves, Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

An examination of 24 genera of aquatic plants having floating leaves and leaf-like thalli has been made. Functional stomata occur on the adaxial sides of floating leaves of angiosperms and some ferns, and in some floating leaves there are stomata on the abaxial surface as well. Most floating leaves have prominently chambered mesophyll, and in some instances the chambers are locally enlarged and form buoys.

Biological Inventory Of The Southern Nevada Water Project, Second Stage, W. Glen Bradley, J. Scott Miller

Publications (WR)

The present report is a biological inventory of the Southern Nevada Water Project, Second Stage. The boundaries of the project encompass sections of North Las Vegas, Las Vegas, East Las Vegas and areas along Las Vegas Wash extending to its drainage point in Las Vegas Bay in Lake Mead. Therefore, it encompasses a wide array of ecological situations and landscapes ranging from essentially natural to various stages of urban development.

This biological inventory presents basic ecological classifications, descriptions of vegetation, lists of vascular plants and vertebrates known to occur in the area. Each major group, i.e., plants, fish, amphibians, reptiles, …

A Preliminary Survey Of The Vascular Flora Of Upper Tygarts Creek, Carter County, Kentucky, William Michael Huffaker

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the School of Sciences and Mathematics at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology by William Michael Huffaker on July 23, 1975.

Structure & Composition Of A Climax Forest System In Boone County, Kentucky, Michael Held

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The structure and composition of a 52 hectare mature mesic hardwood forest in Boone County, Kentucky was studied during 1973-74. Acer saccharum was the dominant tree species of the entire forest, with Fraxinus americana as the subdominant. In the understory vegetation, Acer and Fraxinus were among the dominant genera, thus this forest system can be described as being at the climax stage of development. A previously cleared area in the forest was also analyzed. It was found that the dominant tree species of the canopy were also dominant in the genera of the understory in the disturbed area, indicating a …

Gas Exchange And Water Relations Of Two Alpine And Two Arctic Tundra Plant Species, Douglas Allan Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Although water stress is an important selective force in many environments, it is not commonly considered to be of particular importance in tundra areas. Even though large portions of tundra may have an abundance of water, other more exposed areas may become quite dry. This microsite variability with respect to moisture stress was reflected in soil water potential measurements obtained from an alpine tundra area on Niwot Ridge in Colorado. Even though soil water potentials were consistently above -5 bars in a relatively low lying Deschampsia meadow, soil water potentials from an exposed fellfield area were often as low as …