Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Biochemistry Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2013

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 151 - 180 of 314

Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry

Hydroxylamine Acutely Activates Glucose Uptake In L929 Fibroblast Cells, Larry L. Louters, Jared P. Scripture, David P. Kuipers, Stephen M. Gunnink Apr 2013

Hydroxylamine Acutely Activates Glucose Uptake In L929 Fibroblast Cells, Larry L. Louters, Jared P. Scripture, David P. Kuipers, Stephen M. Gunnink

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Nitroxyl (HNO) has a unique, but varied, set of biological properties including beneficial effects on cardiac contractility and stimulation of glucose uptake by GLUT1. These biological effects are largely initiated by HNO's reaction with cysteine residues of key proteins. The intracellular production of HNO has not yet been demonstrated, but the small molecule, hydroxylamine (HA), has been suggested as possible intracellular source. We examined the effects of this molecule on glucose uptake in L929 fibroblast cells. HA activates glucose uptake from 2 to 5-fold within two minutes. Prior treatment with thiol-active compounds, such as iodoacetamide (IA), cinnamaldehyde (CA), or phenylarsine …

Go to article

The Inner Workings Of The Dna Copying Nanomachine : Kinetic Studies Of Dna Polymerase I From The Thermophilic Bacterium Rhodothermus Marinus, Emily P. Kornberg Apr 2013

The Inner Workings Of The Dna Copying Nanomachine : Kinetic Studies Of Dna Polymerase I From The Thermophilic Bacterium Rhodothermus Marinus, Emily P. Kornberg

Honors Theses

DNA polymerase I from Rhodothermus marinus is a high-fidelity DNA polymerase capable of operating at high temperatures and incorporating 2´,3´-dideoxynucleotides. The R. marinus DNA Polymerase I active site contains an unusual proline in the middle of a mobile “O helix.” This proline residue is hypothesized to decrease the relative free energy of a kinetic checkpoint termed the ajar conformation, and thereby slow the incorporation of incorrect nucleotides. We aim to test the accuracy of a newly developed nucleotide incorporation model, in which the enzyme allows the template to interact with the bound dNTP in the ajar conformation, whether correct or …

Go to article

Trimethylsilyl Trifluoromethanesulfonate-Mediated Additions To Acetals, Nitrones, And Aminals, Chelsea Safran Apr 2013

Trimethylsilyl Trifluoromethanesulfonate-Mediated Additions To Acetals, Nitrones, And Aminals, Chelsea Safran

Honors Theses

One-pot reactions were studied in order to develop procedures for the formation of important carbon-carbon and carbon-nitrogen bonds that are easily reproducible. In the presence of trimethylsilyl triflouromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf), Mukaiyama-aldol and aldol-like reactions occur in one-pot due to TMSOTf acting as a Lewis acid and silylating agent. A variety of reactions, including methoxyalkylation, were performed to form carbon-nitrogen bonds. Here, research involving TMSOTf-mediated additions to acetals, nitrones, and aminals will be discussed.

Go to article

Novel Architecture Of Costal Cartilage And Implications In Chest Wall Deformities, Anthony J. Asmar Apr 2013

Novel Architecture Of Costal Cartilage And Implications In Chest Wall Deformities, Anthony J. Asmar

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Costal cartilage is a type of hyaline cartilage that forms rod-like structures that connect the ribs to the sternum. Deformation of costal cartilage is observed in the chest wall deformities, pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum. Pectus excavatum involves a sternal displacement causing a depression of the chest while pectus carinatum causes a protrusion of the chest. As costal cartilage is not a widely studied tissue, this leaves little knowledge into possible factors involved in the pathogenesis of pectus deformities. Costal cartilage in these deformities has been described as being weakened and may implicate proteoglycans which play an important role in …

Go to article

Expansion Of Breast Cancer Stem Cells With Fibrous Scaffolds, Sheng Feng, Pang-Kuo Lo, Shou Liu, Xinfeng Liu, Hexin Chen, Qian Wang Mar 2013

Expansion Of Breast Cancer Stem Cells With Fibrous Scaffolds, Sheng Feng, Pang-Kuo Lo, Shou Liu, Xinfeng Liu, Hexin Chen, Qian Wang

Faculty Publications

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are hypothesized as tumor-initiating cells within tumors and main contributors of tumor growth, metastasis and recurrence. Mammary cancer cells, MCF-7 cells, were cultured on 3D polycaprolactone (PCL) fibrous scaffolds, showing an increased proportion of CSCs. The expression of stem cell markers, including OCT3/4 and SOX2, and breast CSC-specific markers, SOX4 and CD49f, was significantly upregulated, and the mammosphere-forming capability in cells cultured on PCL fibrous scaffolds increased. The fibrous scaffolds also induced the elongation of MCF-7 cells and extended cell proliferation. The increase of CSC properties after being cultured on fibrous scaffolds was further confirmed with …

Go to article

Fuzzy Complex Formation Between The Intrinsically Disordered Prothymosin Α And The Kelch Domain Of Keap1 Involved In The Oxidative Stress Response., Halema Khan, Elio A Cino, Anne Brickenden, Jingsong Fan, Daiwen Yang, Wing-Yiu Choy Mar 2013

Fuzzy Complex Formation Between The Intrinsically Disordered Prothymosin Α And The Kelch Domain Of Keap1 Involved In The Oxidative Stress Response., Halema Khan, Elio A Cino, Anne Brickenden, Jingsong Fan, Daiwen Yang, Wing-Yiu Choy

Biochemistry Publications

Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) is an inhibitor of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key transcription factor for cytoprotective gene activation in the oxidative stress response. Under unstressed conditions, Keap1 interacts with Nrf2 in the cytoplasm via its Kelch domain and suppresses the transcriptional activity of Nrf2. During oxidative stress, Nrf2 is released from Keap1 and is translocated into the nucleus, where it interacts with the small Maf protein to initiate gene transcription. Prothymosin α (ProTα), an intrinsically disordered protein, also interacts with the Kelch domain of Keap1 and mediates the import of Keap1 into the nucleus …

Go to article

Facile Synthesis And Improved Pore Structure Characterization Of Mesoporous Γ-Alumina Catalyst Supports With Tunable Pore Size, Baiyu Huang Mar 2013

Facile Synthesis And Improved Pore Structure Characterization Of Mesoporous Γ-Alumina Catalyst Supports With Tunable Pore Size, Baiyu Huang

Theses and Dissertations

Mesoporous γ-alumina is the most extensively used catalysts support in a wide range of catalytic processes. The usefulness of γ-alumina relies on its favorable combination of physical, textural, thermal, and chemical properties. Pore structure properties are among the most important properties, since high surface area and large pore volume enable higher loading of active catalytic phases, while design of pore size and pore size distribution is critical to optimize pore diffusional transport and product selectivity. In addition, accurate determination of surface area (SA), pore volume (PV) and pore size distribution (PSD) of porous supports, catalysts, and nanomaterials is vital to …

Go to article

Studies On Dna Mismatch Repair Proteins As Biomarkers For Heriditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer, Samar Hassen Mar 2013

Studies On Dna Mismatch Repair Proteins As Biomarkers For Heriditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer, Samar Hassen

Theses and Dissertations

Colorectal cancer is the second most leading cause of cancer related deaths in the Western countries. Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC), also known as "Lynch Syndrome", is a genetic disorder that accounts for 5-10 % of all diagnosed colorectal cancers. It is caused by genetic defects in DNA mismatch repair proteins including MLH1 and MSH2. The aim of this PhD dissertation research was to develop a sensitive and reliable diagnostic method to screen patients with this syndrome before they develop colorectal cancer. The current methods to screen HNPCC patients are expensive, time consuming and insensitive. The new method would address …

Go to article

The Role Of The Global Cryosphere On The Fate Of Organic Contaminants., Amanda M. Grannas, Christian Bogdal, Kimberly J. Hageman, Frank Wania Mar 2013

The Role Of The Global Cryosphere On The Fate Of Organic Contaminants., Amanda M. Grannas, Christian Bogdal, Kimberly J. Hageman, Frank Wania

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The cryosphere is an important component of global organic contaminant cycles. Snow is an efficient scavenger of atmospheric organic pollutants while a seasonal snowpack, sea ice, glaciers and ice caps are contaminant reservoirs on time scales ranging from days to millennia. Important physical and chemical processes occurring in the various cryospheric compartments impact contaminant cycling and fate. A variety of interactions and feedbacks also occur within the cryospheric system, most of which are susceptible to perturbations due to climate change. In this article, we review the current state of knowledge regarding the transport and processing of organic contaminants in the …

Go to article

Resorcinarene-Based Cavitands: From Structural Design And Synthesis To Separations Applications, Na Li Mar 2013

Resorcinarene-Based Cavitands: From Structural Design And Synthesis To Separations Applications, Na Li

Theses and Dissertations

Resorcinarenes are cyclic tetramers that are synthesized by the condensation of resorcinol and various aldehydes. The upper and lower rims can be modified with substituents that provide specific selectivity and other chemical features. In this work, resorcinarene-based macrocyclic ligands with specific selectivities have been designed, synthesized and applied to chiral amine discrimination and transition metal ion separations.These resorcinarenes fall into two categories. In the first type, the upper rims of resorcinarenes were modified with amino acid groups, including chiral alanine groups. The lower rims were modified with --CH3, or --C11H23 groups. The structures were studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), …

Go to article

Effect Of Anthraquinone Dyes On The Carbohydrate, Protein And Lipid Content In The Muscle Of Channa Punctatus And Cyprinus Carpio, Rajee Olaganathan, Jamila Patterson Mar 2013

Effect Of Anthraquinone Dyes On The Carbohydrate, Protein And Lipid Content In The Muscle Of Channa Punctatus And Cyprinus Carpio, Rajee Olaganathan, Jamila Patterson

Publications

Channa punctatus and Cyprinus carpio was exposed to sub lethal concentrations viz., 6.15 and 6.60 mg/l of vat blue 4 and vat green 1 respectively for a period of thirty days. The cumulative effect of these two dyes on the total carbohydrate, protein and lipid levels in the muscle of both the fishes were assayed on 7th, 18th and 30th day of exposure. The mean carbohydrate content of C. punctatus (both control and treated fish) collected on 18th and 30th day showed a significant difference (P < 0.01 to 0.04). In the case of control and treated C. carpio the data collected on 30th day showed significant variation (P < 0.04) in the carbohydrate content of the muscle. Student’s ‘t’ test analysis conducted on the protein content of C. punctatus during different occasions registered a significant decrease; in case of lipid content, except between the 1st and 30th day in all other cases the ‘t’ value is not significant. In case of C. carp protein and lipid content were observed to increase during the 7th day and thereafter a marked decrease was recorded on the 18th and 30th day of exposure. When the data was subjected to student’s ‘t’ test, both in protein and lipid, significant difference could not be recorded.

Go to article

Bed Bugs Evolved Unique Adaptive Strategy To Resist Pyrethroid Insecticides, Fang Zhu, Hemant Gujar, Jennifer R. Gordon, Kenneth F. Haynes, Michael F. Potter, Subba R. Palli Mar 2013

Bed Bugs Evolved Unique Adaptive Strategy To Resist Pyrethroid Insecticides, Fang Zhu, Hemant Gujar, Jennifer R. Gordon, Kenneth F. Haynes, Michael F. Potter, Subba R. Palli

Entomology Faculty Publications

Recent advances in genomic and post-genomic technologies have facilitated a genome-wide analysis of the insecticide resistance-associated genes in insects. Through bed bug, Cimex lectularius transcriptome analysis, we identified 14 molecular markers associated with pyrethroid resistance. Our studies revealed that most of the resistance-associated genes functioning in diverse mechanisms are expressed in the epidermal layer of the integument, which could prevent or slow down the toxin from reaching the target sites on nerve cells, where an additional layer of resistance (kdr) is possible. This strategy evolved in bed bugs is based on their unique morphological, physiological and behavioral characteristics …

Go to article

Hirsutella Sinensis Mycelium Suppresses Interleukin-1b And Interleukin-18 Secretion By Inhibiting Both Canonical And Non-Canonical Inflammasomes, Tsung-Teng Huang, Kowit-Yu Chong, David M. Ojcius, Yi-Hui Wu, Yun-Fei Ko, Cheng-Yeu Wu, Jan Martel, Chia-Chen Lu, Hsin-Chih Lai, John Ding-E. Young Mar 2013

Hirsutella Sinensis Mycelium Suppresses Interleukin-1b And Interleukin-18 Secretion By Inhibiting Both Canonical And Non-Canonical Inflammasomes, Tsung-Teng Huang, Kowit-Yu Chong, David M. Ojcius, Yi-Hui Wu, Yun-Fei Ko, Cheng-Yeu Wu, Jan Martel, Chia-Chen Lu, Hsin-Chih Lai, John Ding-E. Young

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Cordyceps sinensis is a medicinal mushroom used for centuries in Asian countries as a health supplement and tonic. Hirsutella sinensis—the anamorphic, mycelial form of C. sinensis—possesses similar properties, and is increasingly used as a health supplement. Recently, C. sinensis extracts were shown to inhibit the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophages. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process has remained unclear. In addition, whether H. sinensis mycelium (HSM) extracts also inhibit the production of IL-1β has not been investigated. In the present study, the HSM extract suppresses IL-1β and IL-18 secretion, and ATP-induced activation of caspase-1. Notably, …

Go to article

Insights Into The Roles Of Desolvation And Π-Electron Interactions During Dna Polymerization, Edward A. Motea, Irene Lee, Anthony J. Berdis Mar 2013

Insights Into The Roles Of Desolvation And Π-Electron Interactions During Dna Polymerization, Edward A. Motea, Irene Lee, Anthony J. Berdis

Chemistry Faculty Publications

This report describes the use of several isosteric non-natural nucleotides as probes to evaluate the roles of nucleobase shape, size, solvation energies, and π-electron interactions as forces influencing key kinetic steps of the DNA polymerization cycle. Results are provided using representative high- and low-fidelity DNA polymerases. Results generated with the E. coli Klenow fragment reveal that this high-fidelity polymerase utilizes hydrophobic nucleotide analogues with higher catalytic efficiencies compared to hydrophilic analogues. These data support a major role for nucleobase desolvation during nucleotide selection and insertion. In contrast, the low-fidelity HIV-1 reverse transcriptase discriminates against hydrophobic analogues and only tolerates non-natural …

Go to article

Kinetic And Spectroscopic Studies Of Bicupin Oxalate Oxidase And Putative Active Site Mutants, Ellen W. Moomaw, Eric Hoffer, Patricia Moussatche, John C. Salerno Mar 2013

Kinetic And Spectroscopic Studies Of Bicupin Oxalate Oxidase And Putative Active Site Mutants, Ellen W. Moomaw, Eric Hoffer, Patricia Moussatche, John C. Salerno

Faculty Articles

Ceriporiopsis subvermispora oxalate oxidase (CsOxOx) is the first bicupin enzyme identified that catalyzes manganese-dependent oxidation of oxalate. In previous work, we have shown that the dominant contribution to catalysis comes from the monoprotonated form of oxalate binding to a form of the enzyme in which an active site carboxylic acid residue must be unprotonated. CsOxOx shares greatest sequence homology with bicupin microbial oxalate decarboxylases (OxDC) and the 241-244DASN region of the N-terminal Mn binding domain of CsOxOx is analogous to the lid region of OxDC that has been shown to determine reaction specificity. We have prepared a series of CsOxOx …

Go to article

Integrating Art And Science In Undergraduate Education, Daniel Gurnon Feb 2013

Integrating Art And Science In Undergraduate Education, Daniel Gurnon

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The prevailing vision for undergraduate science education includes increased collaboration among teachers of science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) and an overhaul of introductory courses [1]–[4]. But by staying within the borders of STEM, are we overlooking connections between the arts and innovative science? Likewise, are we missing an important opportunity to inspire and inform nonscientists? Here we explore how weaving the visual arts into a science curriculum can both help develop scientific imagination and engage nonscientists. As an example, we describe a recent collaboration between artists and scientists to create a series of science-inspired sculptures.

Go to article

A Novel Algorithm For Validating Peptide Identification From A Shotgun Proteomics Search Engine, Ling Jian, Xinnan Niu, Zhonghang Xia, Parimal Samir, Chiranthani Sumanasekera, Zheng Mu, Jennifer L. Jennings, Kristen L. Hoek, Tara Allos, Leigh M. Howard, Kathryn M. Edwards, P. Anthony Weil, Andrew J. Link Feb 2013

A Novel Algorithm For Validating Peptide Identification From A Shotgun Proteomics Search Engine, Ling Jian, Xinnan Niu, Zhonghang Xia, Parimal Samir, Chiranthani Sumanasekera, Zheng Mu, Jennifer L. Jennings, Kristen L. Hoek, Tara Allos, Leigh M. Howard, Kathryn M. Edwards, P. Anthony Weil, Andrew J. Link

Chemistry Faculty Research

Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) has revolutionized the proteomics analysis of complexes, cells, and tissues. In a typical proteomic analysis, the tandem mass spectra from a LC–MS/MS experiment are assigned to a peptide by a search engine that compares the experimental MS/MS peptide data to theoretical peptide sequences in a protein database. The peptide spectra matches are then used to infer a list of identified proteins in the original sample. However, the search engines often fail to distinguish between correct and incorrect peptides assignments. In this study, we designed and implemented a novel algorithm called De-Noise to …

Go to article

How Long Is A Piece Of Loop?, Yoonjoo Choi, Sumeet Agarwal, Charlotte M. Deane Feb 2013

How Long Is A Piece Of Loop?, Yoonjoo Choi, Sumeet Agarwal, Charlotte M. Deane

Dartmouth Scholarship

Loops are irregular structures which connect two secondary structure elements in proteins. They often play important roles in function, including enzyme reactions and ligand binding. Despite their importance, their structure remains difficult to predict. Most protein loop structure prediction methods sample local loop segments and score them. In particular protein loop classifications and database search methods depend heavily on local properties of loops. Here we examine the distance between a loop's end points (span). We find that the distribution of loop span appears to be independent of the number of residues in the loop, in other words the separation between …

Go to article

Serene Threonine Kinase 39 Gene Single Nucleotide A-G Polymorphism Rs35929607 Is Weakly Associated With Essential Hypertension In Population Of Tharparkar, Pakistan, Loung Vasandas Umedani, Bushra Chaudhry, Vikram Mehraj, Muhammad Ishaq Feb 2013

Serene Threonine Kinase 39 Gene Single Nucleotide A-G Polymorphism Rs35929607 Is Weakly Associated With Essential Hypertension In Population Of Tharparkar, Pakistan, Loung Vasandas Umedani, Bushra Chaudhry, Vikram Mehraj, Muhammad Ishaq

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To study the prevalence of Serine Threonine Kinase-39 A-G polymorphism rs3592960 in rural population.
Methods: The random, cross-sectional study was carried out from 2009 to 2010 on 528 subjects in Tharparkar, Pakistan. Data was recorded excluding cases of secondary hypertension. Normotensives were used as the controls and hypertensives as the cases. Genotyping was carried out by tetra-primer amplification refraction mutation system-polymerase chain reaction method and the data was analysed statistically with SPSS-14.
Results: The association of Serine Threonine Kinase-39 rs35929607 with essential hypertension was as 3.07 (95% confidence interval 2.10-4.49) units/mmHg per G allele (p = 0.001). Raised systolic …

Go to article

Lysine Biosynthesis In Bacteria: A Metallodesuccinylase As A Potential Antimicrobial Target, Danuta M. Gillner, Daniel P. Becker Ph.D., Richard C. Holz Feb 2013

Lysine Biosynthesis In Bacteria: A Metallodesuccinylase As A Potential Antimicrobial Target, Danuta M. Gillner, Daniel P. Becker Ph.D., Richard C. Holz

Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works

In this review, we summarize the recent literature on dapE-encoded N-succinyl-l,l-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase (DapE) enzymes, with an emphasis on structure–function studies that provide insight into the catalytic mechanism. Crystallographic data have also provided insight into residues that might be involved in substrate and hence inhibitor recognition and binding. These data have led to the design and synthesis of several new DapE inhibitors, which are described along with what is known about how inhibitors interact with the active site of DapE enzymes, including the efficacy of a moderately strong DapE inhibitor.

Go to article

Utilizing Nmr Spectroscopy And Molecular Docking As Tools For The Structural Determination And Functional Annotation Of Proteins, Jaime Stark Feb 2013

Utilizing Nmr Spectroscopy And Molecular Docking As Tools For The Structural Determination And Functional Annotation Of Proteins, Jaime Stark

Department of Chemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

With the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2001 and the subsequent explosion of organisms with sequenced genomes, we are now aware of nearly 28 million proteins. Determining the role of each of these proteins is essential to our understanding of biology and the development of medical advances. Unfortunately, the experimental approaches to determine protein function are too slow to investigate every protein. Bioinformatics approaches, such as sequence and structure homology, have helped to annotate the functions of many similar proteins. However, despite these computational approaches, approximately 40% of proteins still have no known function. Alleviating this deficit will …

Go to article

Ring Domain, David J. Hall Jan 2013

Ring Domain, David J. Hall

Protein Domains

Ring domain #1CHC. The RING finger is a specialized type of Zn finger consisting of 40–60 residues that binds two atoms of zinc, and is involved in mediating protein—protein interactions. Many zinc fingers bind nucleic acids. The presence of a RING finger domain is a characteristic of RING-class E3 ubiquitin protein ligases capable of transferring ubiquitin from an E2 enzyme to a substrate protein.

Go to article

Sh2 Domain, David J. Hall Jan 2013

Sh2 Domain, David J. Hall

Protein Domains

SH2 domain #1BFJ. Src-homology 2 (SH2) domains are modules of ~100 amino acids that bind to specific phospho tyrosine (pY) containing peptide motifs. Conventional SH2 domains have a conserved pocket that recognizes pY, and a more variable pocket that binds 3-6 residues C-terminal to the pY and confers specificity.

Go to article

Sh3 Domain, David J. Hall Jan 2013

Sh3 Domain, David J. Hall

Protein Domains

SH3 domain #1NEB. Src-homology 3 (SH3) domains bind to Pro-rich peptides that form a left-handed poly-Pro type II helix, with the minimal consensus Pro-X-X-Pro. Each Pro is usually preceeded by an aliphatic residue. Each in the aliphatic-Pro pair binds to a hydrophobic pocket on the SH3 domain.

Go to article

Ig Domain, David J. Hall Jan 2013

Ig Domain, David J. Hall

Protein Domains

Ig domain #2CKN. This particular domain is named for the first protein in which it was found, the immunoglobulin. An immunoglobulin is a antibody. Antibodies are generated by our immune system to recognize the specific size, shape and charge of pathogens. This domain is also found on the extracellular portion of many receptors including the interleukin-1 family of receptors.

Go to article

Beta Barrel, David J. Hall Jan 2013

Beta Barrel, David J. Hall

Protein Domains

Beta barrel (cyan fluorescent protein) #4AR7. This fluorescent protein is a variation of green fluorescent protein from a jellyfish and is the only domain that is a complete protein. The protein is routinely used to visualize a variety of biological processes. The beta barrel domain is a beta sheet wrapped around the fluorescent active site to provide structure.

Go to article

Helix Turn Helix Domain, David J. Hall Jan 2013

Helix Turn Helix Domain, David J. Hall

Protein Domains

Helix turn helix domain #3V1A. The helix-turn helix is a DNA-binding domain. The two alpha helices are the reading or recognition helices, which bind in a groove in the DNA and recognize specific gene regulatory sequences in the DNA.

Go to article

Phi X 174, David J. Hall Jan 2013

Phi X 174, David J. Hall

Infectious Pathogens

Phi X 174 database number # 1CD3. Phi X 174 is a virus that infects bacteria and was the first DNA-based genome to be sequenced in 1977. This bacteriophage has a [+] circular single-stranded DNA genome. The assembly of the capsid has been successfully done in vitro and is the focus of many studies on self-assembly, drug delivery and nanotechnology.

Go to article

Dengue Virus, David J. Hall Jan 2013

Dengue Virus, David J. Hall

Infectious Pathogens

Dengue virus, database # 1THD Dengue fever, is an infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus and transmitted by mosquito. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash that is similar to measles. In a small proportion of cases the disease develops into the life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever. Dengue is a positive strand RNA virus that is part of the flavivirus family. Dengue is an enveloped virus meaning it has a nucleocapsid protecting the RNA and the nucleocapsid is surrounded by lipids (hence the name enveloped).

Go to article

Human Papilloma Virus 16, David J. Hall Jan 2013

Human Papilloma Virus 16, David J. Hall

Infectious Pathogens

Human Papilloma virus 16, database# 1DZL Infection by most papillomaviruses is either asymptomatic or causes small benign tumors, known as papillomas or warts (e.g. human papillomavirus HPV6 or HPV11). Papillomas caused by some types, however, such as human papillomaviruses 16 and 18, carry a risk of becoming cancerous. Human papilloma virus is a non-enveloped, double stranded, circular DNA virus.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last