Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

University at Albany, State University of New York

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication

Articles 121 - 150 of 193

Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology

Structure And Stability Of Amyloid Fibrils Studied By Advanced Vibrational Spectroscopy, Marudachalam Shanmugasundaram Jan 2015

Structure And Stability Of Amyloid Fibrils Studied By Advanced Vibrational Spectroscopy, Marudachalam Shanmugasundaram

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Protein misfolding often leads to the formation of refractory protein aggregates like amyloid fibrils. These fibrils possess a highly ordered structure and are implicated in over 25 severe diseases including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and prion diseases. This work was focused on understanding the morphology and conformation of amyloid fibrils and their stability after formation. The deconstruction of fibrils as well as other aggregates like inclusion bodies under mild conditions was also investigated using Archaeal chaperones.

Go to article

Myoepithelial Cell Morphogenesis And Differentiation In The Mouse Submandibular Salivary Gland In Development And Disease, Elise Marie Gervais Jan 2015

Myoepithelial Cell Morphogenesis And Differentiation In The Mouse Submandibular Salivary Gland In Development And Disease, Elise Marie Gervais

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Organogenesis is the process by which tissues organize, gain considerable size, and undergo cellular differentiation or specialization to form fully functional organs. To study the processes involved in organogenesis of branched organs, the mouse submandibular salivary gland is frequently used as a model system, as it can undergo morphogenesis and differentiation and be genetically manipulated ex vivo. The mouse submandibular salivary gland undergoes a specific process of outgrowth and invagination known as branching morphogenesis which allows for the significant increase in gland size and complexity, as well as maximization of surface area for secretion of saliva. Surrounding the mouse submandibular …

Go to article

Genome-Scale Analyses Of Transcription And Transcriptional Regulation In Bacteria, Devon Marie Fitzgerald Jan 2015

Genome-Scale Analyses Of Transcription And Transcriptional Regulation In Bacteria, Devon Marie Fitzgerald

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The textbook model of bacterial transcription regulation posits that promoters occur immediately upstream of genes and that transcription factors (TFs) modulate transcription through promoter-proximal binding. However, the recent application of unbiased genome-wide approaches, such as ChIP-seq and RNA-seq, has revealed a much more complex picture, including TF binding and transcription initiation occurring in unexpected locations. This dissertation describes the use of deep sequencing-based approaches to evaluate the genome-wide binding of transcription-related proteins and identify locations of transcription initiation. I have assessed the genome-wide binding of three Escherichia coli TFs and an alternative σ factor. Additionally, I have analyzed genome-wide patterns …

Go to article

Vitamin D Regulates Metabolic Gene Expression, Glutamate And Glutamine Utilization, And Mitochondrial Function In Human Mammary Epithelial Cells, Sarah Beaudin Jan 2015

Vitamin D Regulates Metabolic Gene Expression, Glutamate And Glutamine Utilization, And Mitochondrial Function In Human Mammary Epithelial Cells, Sarah Beaudin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Exposure to 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) decreases proliferation and induces differentiation in telomerase-immortalized human mammary epithelial (hTERT-HME1) cells. The studies described here addressed the mechanisms by which these effects are exerted. Microarray experiments were used to identify a subset of metabolic genes and pathways that are altered by 1,25D. In particular, genes involved in glutamate and glutamine utilization, including SLC1A1 and GLUL, were studied. Interestingly, qPCR analysis in a panel of six cell lines, representing either normal epithelial tissue or breast cancer, demonstrated diverse gene expression responses to 1,25D. In an isogenic model of mammary cell transformation, 1,25D altered gene expression …

Go to article

Using A Novel Multiplexing Method To Track Cell Populations And Cytodifferentiation During Development Of The Submandibular Salivary Gland, Charles Thomas Manhardt Jan 2015

Using A Novel Multiplexing Method To Track Cell Populations And Cytodifferentiation During Development Of The Submandibular Salivary Gland, Charles Thomas Manhardt

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The development of submandibular salivary glands is complex and requires coordination of specific signaling events. Submandibular salivary glands originate as an epithelial invagination into the adjacent mesenchyme that leads to a single stalk and end bud; this end bud will go through a clefting process. Numerous rounds of clefting will lead to a fully developed salivary gland by this process, which is known as branching morphogenesis. As the gland undergoes morphogenesis, specific cues leading to differentiation of multiple cell types and even epithelial sub classes are required. By the later stages of development the glands are fully innervated, have an …

Go to article

Monitoring Ligand-Induced Nucleic Acid Conformational Changes Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry, Bill Kenneth Redick Jan 2014

Monitoring Ligand-Induced Nucleic Acid Conformational Changes Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry, Bill Kenneth Redick

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Three-dimensional structures of biopolymers frequently dictate the biological role those molecules play. As such, investigation into structure of nucleic acids can provide important information pertaining to how those nucleic acids work. Many nucleic acid species, especially single-stranded RNA, fold into unique structures that allow them to function properly. Metals, and other cationic species, are often bound to the nucleic acid to make folding into the proper structure more favorable by neutralizing the negative charge on the nucleic acid imparted by the phosphate group. This investigation explores tertiary structure of nucleic acids that have been folded in the presence of ligands …

Go to article

Regulation Of Ty1 Retrovirus-Like Transposon Rna Localization And Translation, Ryan Joseph Palumbo Jan 2014

Regulation Of Ty1 Retrovirus-Like Transposon Rna Localization And Translation, Ryan Joseph Palumbo

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Replication of the Ty1 retrovirus-like transposon of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is stringently regulated to reduce the frequency of deleterious retrotransposition events. However, under stress conditions, Ty1 retrotransposition can lead to adaptive genomic alterations. To characterize host regulation of Ty1 retrotransposition, I analyzed ribosome profiling data and showed that Ty1 RNA is efficiently translated. Moreover, the ribosome biogenesis factors BUD21, DBP7, HCR1, LOC1, MRT4, and PUF6 are required for optimal expression of the Ty1 protein Gag.

Go to article

Ph Regulation And The Assessment Of Renal Injury Biomarkers In A Warm Perfusion Renal Allograft Preservation System, Aaron Meyer Jan 2014

Ph Regulation And The Assessment Of Renal Injury Biomarkers In A Warm Perfusion Renal Allograft Preservation System, Aaron Meyer

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

A shortage of viable kidneys available for transplantation exists today, as the number of individuals waiting for a kidney transplant continues to grow while the number of kidneys available each year for transplantation has remained stagnant. The development of technology that will allow for transplantation of organs that currently may be considered too damaged for transplant will provide access to a large number of donors who have experienced traumatic injury deaths resulting in loss of cardiac function. These potential donors account for the majority of all traumatic injury deaths in intensive care units, however their organs have experienced a degree …

Go to article

Mechanisms Of Dna Synthesis And Fidelity By Y-Family Translesion And C-Family Replicative Polymerases, Purba Mukherjee Jan 2014

Mechanisms Of Dna Synthesis And Fidelity By Y-Family Translesion And C-Family Replicative Polymerases, Purba Mukherjee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Since the discovery of the DNA polymerase by Arthur Kornberg nearly 60 years ago, there have been great advances in understanding the involvement of polymerases in replication and repair. Years of genetic, biochemical and structural studies have lead to the classification of DNA-dependent DNA polymerases into six families: A, B, C, D, X and Y. In this work, I have focussed on two different families, C and Y. Hence this work is divided into two parts. Part one discusses the studies on Y-family polymerases. All Y-family polymerases are involved in replicating past DNA lesions. The ability to tolerate unnatural nucleotides …

Go to article

Modeling The Early, Aging-Related Changes In Human Recombinant Gammas-Crystallin In Vitro, Christiana Oluwaseun Salami Jan 2014

Modeling The Early, Aging-Related Changes In Human Recombinant Gammas-Crystallin In Vitro, Christiana Oluwaseun Salami

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Cataract is the leading cause of blindness in the world. Cataractous lenses scatter a significant part of the light entering the eye. Cataract can be of several types: Age-related cataract, secondary cataract, traumatic cataract, congenital cataract, and radiation cataract. Age-related cataract is the most common type of cataract. Several factors contribute to age-onset cataract; among them are the Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) to the major lens proteins or crystallins, which constitute about 80-90% of the protein content of the lens. Predominant PTMs of the crystallins are oxidation, deamidation, phosphorylation, glycation, and disulfide crosslinking, which tend to increase as the lens ages.

Go to article

Molecular Actions Of The Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Cg-1521 In Models Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer, Namita Chatterjee Jan 2014

Molecular Actions Of The Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Cg-1521 In Models Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer, Namita Chatterjee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare and particularly lethal form of breast cancer. Despite aggressive therapeutic approaches, the 5-year survival rate is only 34%. As this disease is severely understudied, we have investigated the therapeutic potential of the novel hydroxamic acid-derived histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), CG-1521 in comparison to a structurally similar compound, Trichostatin A (TSA) in two IBC cell lines: SUM149PT and SUM190PT. In these cells, CG-1521 and TSA induce dose- and time-dependent induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis regardless of the presence of 17β-estradiol (E2). Interestingly, the cell lines have considerably different sensitivities to these treatments …

Go to article

Mechanisms Of Age-Related Inflammation And Cancer : The Synergistic Effect Of Oxidants And Calcium, Donald A. Mccarthy Jan 2014

Mechanisms Of Age-Related Inflammation And Cancer : The Synergistic Effect Of Oxidants And Calcium, Donald A. Mccarthy

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The accumulation of senescent cells during the process of aging has been implicated as causal in numerous age-related pathologies. Senescent cells adopt a secretory phenotype consisting of many factors including matrix remodeling enzymes, growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Their secretory nature is the primary reason that they are associated with disease, but it remains unclear why they become so inflammatory. Using primary human fibroblasts cultured to senescence, we mechanistically determined why senescent cells are such potent inducers of inflammation. Our findings indicate that the early production of the cytokine Interleukin 1-α (IL-1α) is central to this transition. We found that …

Go to article

Mediation Of Recurrent Hypoglycemia's Physiological And Behavioral Effects In The Hippocampus By Glucocorticoids, Danielle Osborne Jan 2014

Mediation Of Recurrent Hypoglycemia's Physiological And Behavioral Effects In The Hippocampus By Glucocorticoids, Danielle Osborne

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Recurrent hypoglycemia (RH) occurs with the over administration of insulin resulting in severe hypoglycemia on a repetitive basis. This occurs most commonly among Type I Diabetics who rely on exogenous insulin replacement for management of their disease; however it is becoming increasingly common among Type II Diabetics. Although cognitive deficits are reported during hypoglycemia, the period following restoration of euglycemia has been denoted by improved hippocampally-mediated short-term and working memory in humans and rodents, respectively. RH is also associated with an altered glucocorticoid secretion profile in response to hypoglycemia. In vitro and in vivo approaches were utilized with the goal …

Go to article

Probing Secondary And Tertiary Rna Folding Using Force And Temperature, William Stephenson Jan 2014

Probing Secondary And Tertiary Rna Folding Using Force And Temperature, William Stephenson

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

RNA folding is the process whereby a single stranded RNA molecule assumes its three-dimensional functional conformation. Along with the protein folding problem, the RNA folding problem remains as one of the great unsolved problems in biophysics. Generally RNA folding occurs in a hierarchical manner whereby the sequence of an RNA (primary structure) determines which regions will form helical segments (secondary structure) before further rearrangement and base pairing of secondary structure motifs (tertiary structure). Due to the intimate connection between structure and function within molecular biology, increased familiarity with the thermodynamic and kinetic factors that govern RNA folding will permit the …

Go to article

Crosstalk Between Vitamin D₃- And Testosterone-Mediated Signaling In Prostate Cancer Cells, Wei-Lin Winnie Wang Jan 2014

Crosstalk Between Vitamin D₃- And Testosterone-Mediated Signaling In Prostate Cancer Cells, Wei-Lin Winnie Wang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Contrary to the common belief that prostate cancer is a hormone dependent disease, the incidence of prostate cancer and associated mortality actually increases significantly after serum androgen levels decline. This led us to hypothesize that androgen depletion in elder men is an underlying cause for the development and progression of prostate cancer. In addition, serum vitamin D3 levels also decline in older men. Epidemiological and experimental data support an anti-neoplastic activity of vitamin D3 in colorectal and breast cancers through regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell differentiation and metastasis. The effects of vitamin D3 on prostate cancer …

Go to article

Improving The Microbial Source Tracking Toolbox : Evaluating The Use Of Selective Enrichments And Artificial Sweeteners In A Multi-Tiered Approach, Stacey A. Helming Jan 2014

Improving The Microbial Source Tracking Toolbox : Evaluating The Use Of Selective Enrichments And Artificial Sweeteners In A Multi-Tiered Approach, Stacey A. Helming

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Microbial contamination of surface waters is a public health concern world-wide, with non-point source fecal input contributing to millions of cases of waterborne illness annually. Numerous techniques have been proposed to monitor for non-point source fecal contamination, but few studies have explored the correlation of multiple chemical and microbial fecal source tracking markers in ambient waters. Therefore, the purpose of these studies was to evaluate the use of multiple "ideal" markers of fecal contamination and improve upon any analytical techniques required to identify species-specific fecal contamination in surface waters. The use of selective enrichments to improve the sensitivity of end-point …

Go to article

Mechanistic Studies Of C- And Y-Family Dna Polymerases, Indrajit Lahiri Jan 2014

Mechanistic Studies Of C- And Y-Family Dna Polymerases, Indrajit Lahiri

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

DISSERTATION ABSTRACT

Go to article

Raman Spectroscopy Of Blood Serum And Cerebrospinal Fluid And Multivariate Data Analysis For Alzheimer's Disease Diagnostics, Elena Ryzhikova Jan 2014

Raman Spectroscopy Of Blood Serum And Cerebrospinal Fluid And Multivariate Data Analysis For Alzheimer's Disease Diagnostics, Elena Ryzhikova

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The efficient and accurate diagnosis at the early stages of dementia is a key moment for effective treatment and productive research to find a new ways to combat the disease. It is especially true for Alzheimer's disease (AD) for which there is no effective cure, but several treatments are known to allow slowing down the degenerative processes. Alzheimer's disease (AD) displays only non-specific clinical symptoms of mental decline for decades after the initiation and is very challenging to differentiate even at the later stages when it becomes very aggressive. Despite the great need, current diagnostic tests are unable to diagnose …

Go to article

Molecular Actions Of The Vitamin D Receptor In Breast Cancer, Erika Laporta Jan 2014

Molecular Actions Of The Vitamin D Receptor In Breast Cancer, Erika Laporta

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) exerts anti-cancer actions through the vitamin D receptor (VDR) but the specific targets that mediate these effects remain to be defined. In these studies, growth and genomic responses to 1,25D were evaluated in a cellular model system derived from mammary tumors generated in VDR knockout (KO) and wildtype (WT) mice. WT145 cells (derived from WT tumors) expressed VDR and were growth inhibited by 1,25D, whereas KO240 cells (derived from VDRKO tumors) lacked VDR and were not growth inhibited by 1,25D. KO240 cell clones stably expressing VDR (KOhVDR cells) were sensitized to 1,25D mediated growth arrest. Genomic profiling …

Go to article

A Structural And Functional Comparison Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nucleocapsid Protein (Ncp7) And Other Retroviral Nucleocapsid Proteins, Christopher Richard Cavender Jan 2014

A Structural And Functional Comparison Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nucleocapsid Protein (Ncp7) And Other Retroviral Nucleocapsid Proteins, Christopher Richard Cavender

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a retrovirus belonging to the lentivirus genus of the orthoretrovirinae family. HIV-1 is widely known for causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans and being responsible for 1.8 million deaths due to AIDS associated illnesses in 201016.

Go to article

The Genetic Engineering Of Motor Proteins, Rachael M. Hartz Jan 2013

The Genetic Engineering Of Motor Proteins, Rachael M. Hartz

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Molecular motors are a remarkable feature within living organisms that are responsible for directional mechanical motion, which is driven by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis. Actin-binding molecular motors are of specific interest in the field of nanotechnology as filamentous actin is capable of carrying cargo, such as quantum dots, while it is translocated along a motor coated surface. The binding regions of motor proteins, which are known to interact with actin, such as Myosin, have been thoroughly examined and identified. Rapid genetic engineering of the ATP-hydrolyzing enzyme, adenosine kinase, to incorporate these binding regions is possible through the use of site- …

Go to article

Protein Structures Under Physiological Conditions, Karl Michael Bertrand Jan 2013

Protein Structures Under Physiological Conditions, Karl Michael Bertrand

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

My research focused on the evaluation of protein structures and protein dynamics inside eukaryotic cells under physiological conditions. The primary analyses of my research involved the use of in-cell Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy using Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence experiments. This allowed me to visualize protein structures at an atomic resolution level, as well as, study the interactions of these proteins with small molecules.

Go to article

Molecular Biochemical Study Of The Cataract-Associated Mutants In Human Gammad-Crystallin, Cindy Yeung Jan 2013

Molecular Biochemical Study Of The Cataract-Associated Mutants In Human Gammad-Crystallin, Cindy Yeung

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Cataract is a vision impairment disease that leads to light scattering and opacity of the eye lens. It is recognized as the most prevalent cause of blindness. Most cataracts occur due to aging, but those that occur in childhood or in young adults are typically of genetic origin. In the young (developing) eye, post–surgical complications such as glaucoma are common after cataract surgery. Hence there is a great need to develop non-surgical intervention strategies for the treatment of cataract. Here, two cataract-associated mutants of human γD-crystallin (HGD): i) Arg76 to Ser (R76S) and ii) a truncation mutation at Trp156 (W156X …

Go to article

Mutational Analysis Of An Rna Aptamer, Deblina Biswas Jan 2013

Mutational Analysis Of An Rna Aptamer, Deblina Biswas

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Aptamers are oligonucleotide molecules (DNA or RNA) that are selected against specific target proteins, nucleic acids or small molecules by using the well established technique of SELEX (Systemic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment). Their ability to bind with high affinity and specificity has opened up a wide arena of scientific applications. Aptamers have been shown to have many potential therapeutic and bioanalytical contributions such as in the treatment of diseases like cancer, cardiovascular and other major ailments. The aim of this dissertation is to study and analyze double transversion involving 4 bases in a RNA aptamer molecule: MinB4-au-flipS clamp …

Go to article

Structural Biology Of The Receptor For Advanced Glycation End Products (Rage), Jing Xue Jan 2013

Structural Biology Of The Receptor For Advanced Glycation End Products (Rage), Jing Xue

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The receptor for advanced glycated end products (RAGE), due to its location in the major histocompatibility complex class III (MHC III) region, suggests its involvement in immune responses. Because RAGE has been linked to complications of diabetes and chronic inflammation, the severity of Alzheimer's disease and cancer, it's significant to understanding the biological mechanism of signal transduction of RAGE.

Go to article

New Tools To Study Amyloid Fibrils And Intrinsically Disordered Proteins In Vitro And In Vivo, Jacqueline D. Washington Jan 2013

New Tools To Study Amyloid Fibrils And Intrinsically Disordered Proteins In Vitro And In Vivo, Jacqueline D. Washington

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Amyloid fibrils are β-sheet-rich protein aggregates commonly found in the organs and tissues of patients with various amyloid-associated diseases. The structure of insulin fibrils was characterized by deep ultraviolet resonance Raman and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy combined with hydrogen-deuterium exchange. Our new approach of combining NMR and Raman spectroscopy with molecular dynamic simulations for characterizing amyloid fibrils provided exclusive knowledge about fibril structure at amino acid residue resolution.

Go to article

Y-Family Dna Polymerases : Mechanism Of Single-Base Deletion And Effect Of Pcna Interaction, Yifeng Wu Jan 2013

Y-Family Dna Polymerases : Mechanism Of Single-Base Deletion And Effect Of Pcna Interaction, Yifeng Wu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Translesional synthesis (TLS) by specialized Y-family DNA polymerases is a DNA damage tolerance pathway to bypass DNA lesions that have not been repaired by other DNA repair mechanisms. Despite their valuable lesion bypass ability, the Y-family DNA polymerases display a much lower fidelity upon replicating undamaged DNA. Their activity therefore needs to be well regulated in the cell. In our first project, we examined how an archaeal Y-family DNA polymerase, Dpo4, makes single-base deletions during replication. Dpo4 belongs to the DinB subfamily which is known to make single-base deletions. Although previous studies suggested that it uses a dNTP-stabilized misalignment mechanism, …

Go to article

Characterizing The Effects Of Glutaraldehyde On The Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel, Joshua Dov Strauss Jan 2013

Characterizing The Effects Of Glutaraldehyde On The Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel, Joshua Dov Strauss

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Ryanodine receptors (RyR) are large intracellular calcium release channels, which

Go to article

Structure-Activity Relationship Of 2,3-Benzodiazepin-4-Ones As Noncompetitive Ampa Receptor Antagonists, Mohammad Shaban Qneibi Jan 2013

Structure-Activity Relationship Of 2,3-Benzodiazepin-4-Ones As Noncompetitive Ampa Receptor Antagonists, Mohammad Shaban Qneibi

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

2,3-Benzodiazepin-4-one (BDZ-11) derivatives are a special group of 2,3-benzodiazepine compounds. These compounds have been previously synthesized as AMPA receptor inhibitors, and they are also potential drugs for the treatment of various neurological diseases involving excessive AMPA receptor activity. AMPA receptors are a subtype of glutamate ion channel proteins and are responsible for the majority of excitatory neurotransmission in the mammalian central nervous system. Specifically, they are critically involved in neuronal development and brain activities, including learning and memory. Overstimulation of AMPA receptors is associated with some neurological diseases such as ALS, stroke and Alzheimer's disease. Despite the fact that hundreds …

Go to article

The Sxrna Platform : Biophysical Characterization Of Trans-Acting Rna Switches For Gene Expression Control, Christine Bazinet Jan 2013

The Sxrna Platform : Biophysical Characterization Of Trans-Acting Rna Switches For Gene Expression Control, Christine Bazinet

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In the past decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have become a hot topic in biochemical research. These very short ~ 22 nucleotide strands of RNA have been recognized as a functional RNA group and found to play a key role in mediating gene regulation along with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). For example, by binding to the histone stem-loop (HSL) region of the target mRNA, normally in the 3'- untranslated region (UTR), gene expression can either be activated or deactivated for up or down regulation of the gene product. The majority of miRNAs have been found to down regulate gene expression upon binding to …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last