Dairy Science Commons^™

Stocking Rates With Growing Cattle At Wokalup Research Station, Maurice C. Cullity

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

CONSIDERABLE attention has been given in Australia and in overseas countries to methods of grazing control, and to the effects of varying stocking concentrations.

There is evidence that the highest yields per animal—of milk or butterfat per cow, or of weight increase per growing or fattening beast—are not necessarily a true reflection of the greatest output from the farm, as indicated by the measure of yield per acre.

Planning A Dairy Farm, A W. Hobbs

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE average dairy farmer makes improvements to his property as opportunity offers, working towards a goal he has formulated in his mind.

This gradual development may eventually lead to his desired layout.

Production-Line Calf Feeding, F J. Fielder, A. Hamilton

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

MANY cream-producing dairy farmers have found that it can be profitable to increase the number of calves they rear. In fact, it is big business for those who can rear up to 200 calves a year, and a few have already achieved this number.

Rules Of The Western Australian Pure Bred Dairy Cattle Production Recording Scheme, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

REVISION of these rules was necessary because of the amalgamation of the field work with that of Grade Herd Recording.

Adjustments have been made to facilitate more expeditious handling of records in the Department's Head Office.

Other minor changes have been made to bring the rules into line with present day practice.

Dairy Farming In The Busselton-Margaret River District. Part 3. Fodder Conservation, R A. Bettenay

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

An analysis of fodder conservation indicates that farmers in the Busselton-Margaret River district are conserving less than half the amount of fodder considered desirable.—Third in a series reporting a survey of farm practices in the district.

Cow's Hoofs Need To Be Watched, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE need for thorough trimming of the hoofs of sheep for the control of foot rot is recognized, but few realize the need for trimming the hoofs of cattle.

Dairy Farming In The Busselton-Margaret River District. Part 2. Stocking Rate And Production, R A. Bettenay

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Survey results suggest that the production of butterfat per acre could be doubled on many farms in the Busselton-Margaret River district.—Second in a series of articles reporting a survey of farm practices on 100 farms in the district.

Mastitis : Prevention And Control. 3. Implementing The Mastitis Control Programme, F C. Wilkinson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

FARMERS who have followed the first two articles in this series should by now have established the recommended milking routine and be familiar with it.

Copper In West Australian Butter, D N. Tulloch

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A SURVEY was conducted throughout 1963 to determine the copper content of West Australian butter.

Samples were collected about three times monthly from each of the seven W.A. butter factories and examined in the Dairy Laboratory of the Department of Agriculture.

Milking Machine Efficiency And Shed Husbandry Practices, G R. Olney

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

MILKING machine efficiency on dairy farms in the Bridgetown, Greenbushes, Balingup, Boyup Brook and Nannup areas was the subject of a recent testing survey.

During the survey 106 machines were tested and the results assessed statistically to gauge the general level of machine efficiency in these districts.

Rearing Dairy Calves, R A. Bettenay

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

ON Western Australian dairy farms the wastage rate of dairy cows is probably more than 20 per cent, and this, coupled with the tendency towards bigger herds, means that well over half of the heifer calves born should be reared for herd replacements.

Calfhood Diseases. 2. Respiratory And Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, M R. Gardiner

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

MOST of the common organisms found in the environment of calf sheds and yards may at times be responsible for respiratory infections, to which the young animal is very susceptible.

Remarkable Success Of Bovine T.B. Eradication Campaign, J Shilkin

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Less than 20 years ago Perth dairy herds had the highest T.B. incidence of any Australian capital city and half of the Kalgoorlie cattle had the disease.

Why this was so and how the eradication campaign has reduced the incidence of less than 0.3 per cent, in 128,000 cattle is discussed in this article.

Recording Figures Are No Check On Factory Returns, R A. Bettenay

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

MANY dairy farmers who use Grade Herd Recording are in the habit of comparing their Grade Herd Recording results with returns obtained from a factory.

Where the two returns show some discrepancy the inference drawn always appears to be that whichever credits the herd with the lower return is at fault—either "the recorder is not doing the job properly" or "the factory is robbing the farmer of his just returns."

Dairy Farming In The Busselton-Margaret River District. Part 4. Pasture Production, R A. Bettenay

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

If deteriorated pasture and underdeveloped pasture in the Busselton-Margaret River district could be improved to the standard of the present highly productive pastures stocking rates could be improved by more than 50 per cent.—final article in a series reporting the results of a survey of farm practices in the district.

Calfhood Diseases. 1. Gastro-Intestinal Diseases, M R. Gardiner

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

CALFHOOD disease may be divided for convenience into three main categories:

• Those affecting the gastro-intestinal tract, including diseases of an infectious nature and those arising as a result of infestation by worms (parasitism).

• Those affecting the respiratory system, including lungworms.

• Those resulting from nutritional deficiencies, especially vitamins and minerals.

Mastitis : Its Prevention And Control. 1. The Udder In Health And Disease, F C. Wilkinson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

This is the first of a series of four articles on mastitis which will appear in consecutive issues of the Journal of Agriculture.

This is an introductory article describing the cow's udder in health and disease.

Mastitis : Prevention And Control. 2. Principles Of Mastitis Control, F C. Wilkinson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

MASTITIS is a major cause of financial loss in over half our dairy herds.

Losses result from treatment costs, milk discarded, permanent loss of milk production, culling, lowering of solids-not-fat content and loss of butter-fat production.

Mastitis CAN be controlled. This article outlines the basic principles of mastitis control in the milking shed.

Seed And Pasture Rates For New Dairy Pastures, F E. Ryan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE success or failure of pasture establishment on new land often depends on the interaction of rate of seeding and rate of superphosphate application.

Every year large areas of virgin land are cleared and sown to pasture in the higher rainfall areas, and all-too often the new pasture is not as successful as it should be because too little super is applied, and, in some cases, too little seed.

Mastitis : Prevention And Control. 4. The Mastitis Control Programme Continued, F C. Wilkinson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

PREVIOUS articles in this series have described mastitis and the principles of mastitis control, and suggested how a control programme may be established.

This article outlines the routine measures which should be maintained for continuation of the programme.

Dairy Farming In The Busselton-Margaret River District. Part 1. Stage Of Development, R A. Bettenay

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

This article is the first of four in a series reporting a survey of farming practices in the Busselton-Margaret River area.

Besides the development of farms the series will cover farm stocking rates and milk production on farms in the area.

THE survey of farms in the Busselton-Margaret River district began at the end of the 1962 season.

Information on the stage of development of the properties was obtained from 94 farmers during advisory visits.

Breeding Records For Dairy Cattle, P B. Lewis

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A N Y business needs records to show up inefficiencies and to indicate where and/or when danger points are being reached.

One record which can be of much use to the dairy farmer is the cow breeding record.

The Composition Of Milk : Notes On A Recent Survey Of Dairy Farms, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE report on the recent survey into milk composition carried out by officers of the Dairying Division of the Department of Agriculture will soon be available to all interested dairy farmers.

Grade Herd Recording, 1963-64, Maurice C. Cullity

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A review of Grade Herd Recording during the 1963-64 season.

THERE was a substantial increase in the number of cows which were recorded in 1963-64 compared with 1962-63 (23,520 and 22,635 respectively).

This season's figure represents 20.4 per cent, of all cows in the dairying districts.

The number of cows which completed lactation and therefore whose yields were included in the averages, rose from 17,258 to 19,011.

Multi-Timer For Milking Studies, G W R Scott

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Recent research into milking machine operation has proved that the belief of old-time hand-milkers that fast milking was good milking was soundly based.

In current practice the emphasis is on convenient shed and yard design and systematic routine in handling the cows. This permits a high throughput of cows and a high output of milk per labour unit.

The multi-timer designed and built by Mr. G. W. R. Scott and described in this article will prove most valuable for pinpointing where time is lost.

Internal Parasites Of Cattle, J Craig, R. Butler, M. E. Nairn

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Worm parasites can have a most serious effect on cattle, even causing deaths.

This article describes the main parasites of cattle, treatment with modern anthelmintic drugs and the best means of preventing and controlling worm outbreaks.

Lice On Cattle, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Lice can cause serious financial losses through reduced growth rates and loss of production in beef and dairy cattle.

This article describes the main species and recommended control measures.

Does Herd Recording Help Farmers Improve Husbandry, Maurice C. Cullity

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE proportion of the dairy herds throughout Australia that are being production recorded is low.

This is particularly surprising when the large amount of propaganda encouraging farmers to herd test is considered.

Udder Preparation For Milking, W G. Robinson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

REGULAR routine methods of preparing the udder for milking hare long been recognised as essential for good "let down" of milk.

The biggest problem so far has been to combat the spread of disease, in particular mastitis from udder to udder by the milker's hands or the udder washing cloths.

Some Advances In Milking Shed Installations And Techniques, G W. Scott

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

TklG improvements in milk quality and increases in the level of production have occurred in recent years.

This has been largely due to improved dairy premises, technical advances in machine milking and better shed husbandry.