Dairy Science Commons^™

Growth Stimulants, Nyle J. Matthews

Archived Agriculture Publications

A tiny pellet inserted under the skin of a calf's ear may increase weight gains as much as 15 to 20 percent. This same result would take years to accomplish through breeding and selection. These tiny pellets are growth stimulants. They are made of hormones that are constructed to slowly release minute amounts into the blood stream that stimulate the animal to produce natural body hormones. One of these hormones is a growth hormone. It regulates the rate of growth of the animal. Increasing the rate of growth will almost always improve feed efficiency and reduce maintenance costs. These pellets …

Selecting For Carcass Merit, Norris J. Stenquist

Archived Agriculture Publications

Today's consumers are asking for leaner, less-fatty beef. Much of the leaner beef now produced results from trimming excess fat before the product is sent to the consumer. For the future, the hope is to trim excess fat genetically by producing leaner, more heavily muscled beef cattle.

Use Of Soybean Meal, Raw Soybeans, & Heat-Treated Soybeans As Protein Supplements With & Without Niacin For Dairy Cows In Early Lactation, Daniel Aguilar

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Twenty three cows with an average of 2.7 lactations were used to measure the effects of different protein sources (soybean meal, soybeans, and heat-treated soybean) and supplementation with niacin on milk production, milk components (protein, fat, somatic cell counts), 4% fat corrected milk, solid corrected milk, dry matter intake, body weight changes, and rumen volatile fatty acids (acetate, propionate, butyrate).

Diets affected performance of cows. The results indicate, in general, that feeding heat-treated soybean and soybean meal to lactating dairy cows in early lactation resulted in greater milk production, milk protein, dry matter intake and less loss of body weight …

Analysis Of The Reproductive Efficiency Of The Dairy Herd At Western Kentucky University Farm, Gregorio Lagombra

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

A study of the reproductive performance of 179 dairy cows during the period from December 1978 through March 1984 was conducted at the Western Kentucky University Farm, Bowling Green, Kentucky. The climatic data showed seasonal variation in temperature as follows: winter 3.10C, spring 15.7°C, summer 23.8°C, and fall 12.0°C. The seasonal humidity was similar for winter (81.2%), spring (83.4%), and fall (85.3%); but for summer it was considerably higher (89.4%).

The conception rate varied through all the months but was lowest during the summer months. Seasonal data for conception rate were obtained and the results were as follows: winter 54.1%, …

Effect Of Rations On Some Selected Blood Constituents Of Dairy Heifers, Kamil Akanbi

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The study was conducted using nine Holstein heifers with weights ranging from 700 to 990 pounds (lb). The design was a 3 X 3 Latin Square. The three rations consisted of 26.5 lb of corn silage supplemented with 3 ounces of sodium bicarbonate, 26.5 lb of corn silage, and 26.5 lb of soybean and milo haylage per head per day. The rations were offered on a rotational basis for three experimental periods consisting of three weeks each. Blood samples were taken at weekly intervals during each period; plasma concentrations of glucose, ammonia, beta-hydroxybutyrate and volatile fatty acids were determined.

There …

Ua37/30/2 Wku Research Notecards - D Topics, Lowell Harrison

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

Notecards created by Lowell Harrison while researching his book Western Kentucky University. The cards transcribed below are for 139 topics beginning with D ranging from Dad's Day to Duplication.

Facing A Drought, J A C Smith

Bulletins 4000 -

This booklet is aimed at helping you decide on strategies, in this and future droughts, in relation to money flow, animal management and cropping. It highlights the technical problems associated with different strategies and how to combat them.

Effect Of Herbicides On Performance Of Aerobic Dairy Lagoons, John D. Bottom, Joseph L. Taraba

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

The herbicides glyphosate, bromacil, and dalapon were assessed for their affect on the oxygen uptake of microorganisms from an aerated dairy lagoon at 20 °C. The maximum recommended addition of herbicide active ingerdient to a lagoon is: glyphosate (isopropyl amino salt)—0.42 mg/L; bromacil—3.70 mg/L; and dalapon (85.8 percent Na salt and 14.2 percent Mg salt)—1.95 mg/L. In addition, microorganism isolates from the aerobic dairy lagoon were incubated under aerobic and anerobic conditions at room temperature to assess the effects of the herbicides. Under aerobic incubation, it was found that neither herbicide type nor herbicide concentration affected isolate growth. Under anaerobic …

Connquest, Sandra Cookson, D.W. Allinson, G.S. Speer, R.W. Taylor, R.P. Prince, J.W. Bartok, D.W. Protheroe, D.R. Miller

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

The Agriculture And Land Description Of The Midlands, Wongan Hills And Dalwallinu Districts Of W.A., D N. Sawkins

Agriculture reports

This report deals with the area of responsibility of the Moora District Office of the W.A. Department of Agriculture. The Moora advisory district consists of seven shires which cover 2,811,400 hectares. Agriculture in the advisory district varies according to climate and soil type, Sheep and cattle production are the main enterprises in the high rainfall (coastal) areas. Mixed cereal sheep production is the main system in the medium and low rainfall areas with cereals increasing in importance as annual rainfall diminishes.

Subject And Author Index For Bulletins Of The Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station, Mohini Mundkur

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin #453, 68 pages.

Research For Connecticut By The Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Ua77/1 Western Alumnus, Vol. 47, No. 1, Wku Alumni Relations

WKU Administration Documents

Alumni magazine published by WKU. This issue has the following articles:

• Orientation - Advisement - Registration Programs
• Armstrong, Don & Jim Snodgrass. Prize Dairy Herd
• Conway, Sheila. Nursing Goes Baccalaureate
• Snodgrass, Jim. The Hub of the Hill - Goal Post Restaurant
• Oakes, John. Respect Grows for Western Fine Arts Festival
• Krull, Carl. Special Olympics
• Cunningham, Doyle. The Public Service Institute
• Jason Brady's World
• Conway, Sheila. 2076 America: The Next 100 Years
• Allan Ostar Praises Western Spirit
• Students Pick Yell Leaders
• Harvey, Debbie. Christy Vogt Takes Over Associated Student Government
• Award for Public Affairs
• Joe Uveges Publishes Textbook
• James Pearse President-Elect …

Bulletin No 3966 - Vitamin A And Animal Health, J. Johnson

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

Vitamin A is one of the essential vitamins for animal health. Grazing animals obtain their vitamin A requirements mostly from the carotene in green feed. This carotene is converted to Vitamin A in the intestinal wall and is passed to the liver and to a less extent the kidneys for storage. Some carotene also passes direct to the liver where it is stored before it is converted to vitamin A.

When dry pastures, hay and grains (except maize) are low in carotene content this ability of the animals to store vitamin A means that they usually have enough when there …

Relationships Between Teat Shape, Teat Erosion, California Mastitis Test, And Milk Production In A Large Dairy Herd, John Sephen Malan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Data were collected from a 1,000 cow commercial dairy unit during three different time periods to determine the interrelationships between teat shape, teat erosion, mastitis (as measured by the California Mastitis Test and somatic cell counts), and milk production.

Results showed no relationship between teat shape or teat end erosion and milk or fat production. The relationship between teat end erosion and mastitis appeared to be masked by the high level of teat erosion. There was an indication that cows with flat and cone shaped teat ends were prone to higher California Mastitis Test scores than cows with pointed, round, …

Partial Budgeting For Dairy And Beef Farmers, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Farm Systems and Economics published reports

A Programmed text.

A PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION WORKBOOK.

This book is designed to show you how to draw up partial budgets.

If you are like most farmers you are probably searching for different ways of running your farm to increase farm income. Choices between alternatives are very difficult, and require a great deal of careful thought and planning, especially where large cash outlays are involved. But to decide how, where and what to produce with any confidence you need to consider all the physical and financial angles. Doing this in your head, or on the back of an envelope is hard, …

Motion And Time Studies Of Milking Parlors And Routines, R. D. Appleman, C. F. Micke

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This study defines and describes the parameters of milking in both the elevated side-opening and herringbone style milking parlor. Included in this "motion and time" study are measurements of differences in milking routines or techniques, as well as the probable contribution of certain mechanical aids, including both crowd gates and group-washing systems. Milker (men) differences are also identified. Detailed measurements of time requirements for specific milking activities or chores are expensive to obtain. Very limited data are found in the scientific literature. This bulletin is published to supply resource data which may be used in planning milking parlors or as …

Supplementing Calves With Tallow : Results Of A Trial At Wokalup Research Station, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE removal of butterfat from milk by separation, reduces the energy content of the milk by about 50 per cent., and must slow the growth of calves unless extra energy is provided from some other source.

In the dairying districts of Western Australia, there has been considerable interest in recent years in the addition of homogenised tallow to skim milk to provide extra energy.

Good calves have been produced by this means.

Effects Of Mastitis On Milk Yield And Composition, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

EVERY DAIRY farmer knows how much he spends on the treatment of cows affected with mastitis, but the actual loss in production is more difficult to estimate.

As part of the current mastitis research programme the Department of Agriculture's Animal and Dairying Divisions surveyed 37 dairy herds with a believed high incidence of mastitis.

Once Daily Calf Feeding Lowers Rearing Costs, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The usual method of hand rearing dairy calves involves twice daily feeding of milk or milk substitutes.

This routine adds considerably to the labour necessary at milking time and may have prevented many farmers from putting much effort into dairy beef production.

The report below comes from a 1969 trial carried out at Bramley Research Station to see if once-daily calf feeding was as effective as twice daily feeding.

The trial's results should be considered as early findings from a series of trials being conducted into calf rearing regimes by both the Animal and Dairying Divisions of the Department of …

Dry Supplements Reduce Labour And Cost Of Calf Rearing, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The conventional method of hand rearing dairy calves in Western Australia calls for the feeding of whole milk, skim milk and/or milk substitutes for periods of up to 16 weeks.

This requirement for milk and labour has often prevented beef production from becoming a major sideline on many wholemilk and butterfat farms.

The two trials reported below* were carried out at Bramley Research Station to see if milk consumption and time to weaning could be reduced by free-feeding hay and cereal based supplements.

Calf Diarrhea (Scours): Reproduced With A Virus From A Field Outbreak, C. A. Mebus, N. R. Underdahl, M. B. Rhodes, M. J. Twiehaus

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Neonatal calf diarrhea typical of that seen in field cases was produced in colostrum-deprived calves by inoculating either feces or bacteria-free filtrates via the duodenum, orally, or by a spray (aerosol). Three calves, kept free of E. coli, developed severe diarrhea following inoculation with a bacteria-free filtrate. Intense fluorescence in the epithelium of sections of small intestine from two experimental calves was observed following staining with ftuorescein-labeled gamma globulin produced with viral antigen prepared from the feces of two experimental diarrhetic E. coli-free calves. Fluorescing cells were also present in the feces of experimental and field cases of neonatal …

Tallow As A Substitute For Butterfat In The Diet Of A Young Calf, R. Sprivulis

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

WHILE cow's milk is the best food for a young calf it is also very expensive.

The normal substitute for whole milk is skim milk, but removing the butterfat from cow's milk reduces the dry matter content by 30 per cent and the digestible energy by 50 per cent.

Ua3/3/1 Alpha Chi Crescent, Vol. Iii, No. 3, Alpha Gamma Rho

Student Organizations

Newsletter created by and about Alpha Gamma Rho fraternity.

Ua3/3/1 Comments On Activities At The Western Kentucky University Farm, Larry Mutter

WKU Administration Documents

Report regarding the use of the WKU Farm as laboratory, as demonstration farm, in research projects and for farm group meetings. Includes discussion of crops and livestock.

Ua3/3/1 Comments On Activities At The Western Kentucky State College Farm, Billy Adams

WKU Administration Documents

Report regarding use of WKU Farm in instruction with list of recommendations for improving the farm and its operation.

Ua3/3/1 Comments On Activities At The Western Kentucky State College Farm, Randolph Richards

WKU Administration Documents

WKU Farm report emphasizing ongoing research projects, crops and livestock yields and physical facilities.

Ua3/3/1 The Economical Approach To Raising Dairy Herd Replacements, With Emphasis On Source Of Protein, Henry Amos, Larry Mutter

WKU Administration Documents

Research project with three objectives:

1. To arrive at the approximate dollar cost of raising dairy herd replacements
2. To determine whether it is possible for the young ruminant animal to utilize non-protein nitrogen to meet part of the protein requirement for growth.
3. To attempt to reduce the cost of raising dairy herd replacements to the College Farm by breeding the heifers to calve at 21-24 months of age rather than the system employed in the past which placed heifers in production at 30-36 months of age.

Good Management For The Springers Pays Dividends, J Y. Langdon

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

This article gives a striking example of the advantages of calving cows in good and rising condition—and explains why condition around calving time is so important.

ALTHOUGH most farmers know that cows calving in good and improving condition will give higher yields than those calving in poor condition, few use this knowledge to improve the production from their cows.

Relationship Between Measures Of Semen Quality And Fertility In Bulls Mated Under Natural Conditions, J. N. Wiltbank, W. W. Rowden, J. E. Ingalls

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

An evaluation of the relationship between several measures of semen quality and fertility of bulls mated under natural conditions has been conducted over a three-year period. Semen was collected three different times with an electro-ejaculator from bulls used in the fertility tests. Collections were made at weekly intervals. Fertility was evaluated by mating bulls to heifers starting about three days after the last collection. Semen quality refers to the percent abnormals and the percent motility evaluated at the time of collection. Fertility was measured by the proportion of heifers that settled at natural service. Several multiple regression equations were calculated. …