Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons^™

Report On Fish Collections From The Ouachita River Basin, Arkansas, John A. Baker

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Collections of fishes were made throughout the Ouachita River system of southern Arkansas during July and August 1983. Seventeen sites were sampled using boat arid backpack electroshocker, experimental gill nets, hoop nets, and seines. A total of 8011 fish representing 79 species and one hybrid combination was taken in the study. Comments are presented on the distribution, habitat, and ecology of fishes collected.

Economics Of The Pacific Whiting, Merluccius Productus, Fishery, Eric Anderson

Economics Faculty Publications

(First paragraph) Interest in the economics of Pacific whiting, Merluccius productus, production and consumption has been simulated in recent years by expanding U.S. participation in the fishery formerly dominated by foreign fishing and processing. This has raised several questions within the U.S. fishing industry: 1) Will it be profitable for additional U.S. fisherman and processors to enter the fishery? 2) What configuration will the U.S. Pacific whiting industry take? and 3) What will be the nature of markets for Pacific whiting products? This paper summarizes the conclusions of several reports and studies which bear on these questions.

Fisheries Report No 71 - An Investigation Of The Mortality Of The Pearl Oyster, Pinctada Maxima, In Western Australia, Rand Dybdahl, David A. Pass

Fisheries Research Reports

A three year investigation into the cause of abnormally high mortality rates of the pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima, on the cultured pearl industry's lease sites in the North West of Western Australia was completed on 30 June 71983. The objective of this study was to determine environmental, physiological and pathological factors predisposing farm oysters to excessive Levels of mortality and, if possible, make recommendations to alleviate this problem.

As mass mortalities may have complex causes, complementary field and laboratory studies were instigated. The culture industry's method of collection, transportation and farm husbandry were examined. Environmental parameters were monitored. Various empirical …

A Proposal To Fertilize The Overton Arm And Gregg Basin Areas Of Lake Mead, Larry J. Paulson

Publications (WR)

Several limnological studies have been conducted in Lake Mead during the past decade. The recent studies clearly show that most of Lake Mead is deficient in nutrients, especially phosphorus, and very low in productivity. The reservoir-wide average total phosphorus concentration for 1981 - 1982 was only 9 mg/m³. This is below levels found In most oligotrophic lakes and reservoirs. Algal biomass, as measured by chlorophyll-a, averaged only 1.5 mg/m³. That also places Lake Mead in the oligotrophic range. Transparency, as measured by a Secchi disc, averaged 9-5 m in Lake Mead during 1981-1982. That far exceeds …

Body Size And Food Size In Freshwater Zooplankton, Kenneth Bogdan, John Gilbert

Dartmouth Scholarship

We used double-label liquid scintilation techniques to measure the efficiencies with which eight different sized zooplankton species ingested four celtypes relative to a standard celtype(Chlamydomonas). Efficiency ratios (ERs:clearancerateonceltypeX . clearancerateonChlam- ydomonas) on the three ultraplankton (<5 Iam in diameter) cels (a coccoid bacterium and the algae Synechococcus and Nannochloris) varied greatly among zooplankton species but were not correlated with zooplankton bodylength. Variation in ERs on a muchlarger(17x 14 um) algalcel(Cryptomonas)was only partly explained by zooplankton body length.

The Phillipine Extended Jurisdiction: Its Cost And Benefits To Fishery Industry, Ricardo R. Federizon

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The Philippines is one of the countries that has its significant relations to fisheries economically and culturally. The coastal waters of the Philippines support over a million fishermen whose only source of income is fishing that does not go far off-shore. Due to population pressure and increased demand for fish as a basic food supply and as a source of foreign revenue income, more and more fishermen fish at the waters that carry a limited resource. As a result, overfishing persists that has a social and economic implication. Conflicts arise among the fishermen. Management measures are not implemented successfully because …

Toxicological Studies On Aquatic Contaminants Originating From Coal Production And Utilization: The Induction Of Tolerance To Silver In Laboratory Populations Of Fish And The Chronic Toxicity Of Nickel To Fish Early Life Stages, Wesley J. Birge, Jeffrey A. Black, James F. Hobson, Albert G. Westerman

KWRRI Research Reports

Aquatic toxicity studies were performed on two important coal-derived contaminants, silver and nickel. Silver was investigated with regard to metal-induced tolerance in laboratory populations of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Fish were exposed to acute silver concentrations following acclimation to sublethal exposures of this metal. Based on median lethal times (LT50), animals which had received 14 days prior exposure to 1.5 and 15 μg Ag/L were three to four times more resistant to silver than were previously unexposed organisms. This metal-induced resistance was not a sustained response. After organisms which had been acclimated to 15 μg/L had been transferred to …

The Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of The Larvae Of Sympatric Pagurid Hermit Crabs (Decapoda, Anomura) In Virginian Estaurine And Coastal Waters, Philip Wesley Sadler

OES Theses and Dissertations

Thirteen stations were occupied at two - week intervals from May through September 1980 within the York River, lower Chesapeake Bay depths encompassing the entire water column.

Three species of pagurids were identified: Pagurus longicarpus, P. pollicaris, and P. annulipes. The larvae of P. annulipes had not been previously identified from Virginian waters. The shapes of the antennae of P. pollicaris and P. annulipes weredistinctive, allowing rapid identification of these larvae. The shapes of the uropods were found to be useful in distinguishingthe glaucothoe· of P. longicarpus from P. annulipes. The larvae of these species …

Seasonal And Spatial Heterogeneity In The Limnetic Zooplankton Community Of Lake Mead, Gene Robert Wilde

Publications (WR)

Zooplankton samples collected from throughout Lake Mead, in 1981-1982, demonstrate the presence of a statistically significant seasonal and spatial heterogeneity in zooplankton densities. Seasonally, the major zooplankton groups were most abundant in the spring and fall, coincident with maxima in chlorophyll-a concentrations. Successions among the various rotifers, cladocerans and copepods present in the reservoir were influenced by food availability, diapause, predation by planktivorous fish and, possibly, water temperatures. Spatial heterogeneity in zooplankton densities was unrelated to water temperature, pH, conductivity and dissolved oxygen concentrations, but was related to the abundance of phytoplankton (chlorophyll-a concentrations) and fish. Statistical analyses indicate that …

An Examination Of The Variability Of Migratory Timing Statistics Estimated From Catch And Effort Observations, Arthur J. Butt

OES Theses and Dissertations

The estimate of the mean arrival time based on catch or CPUE of fishes migrating into a fixed harvest area is a function of the number of days fished. Simulation studies using chinook salmon catch and effort data from the Yukon River delta, Alaska indicate that fishing effort concentrated at the tails of the migratory distribution which would tend to erroneously weigh the estimated mean arrival time in the direction of the sample, away from the true mean, is only a significant problem when the number of days open to fishing is small, covering less than 12% of the total …

Determinants For The Timing Of Escapement From The Sockeye Salmon Fishery Of The Copper River, Alaska: A Simulation Model, Howard A. Schaller

OES Theses and Dissertations

A model to estimate determinants for migratory timing of catch and escapement in a terminal salmon fishery is presented. A method was developed to estimate average seasonal migration rates of salmon through a harvest area from catch and escapement data. The time series for the total population of Copper River sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) was reconstructed in the reference frame of the commercial harvest area from catch and escapement data.

The catchability coefficients (q), derived from the reconstructed populations were found to vary within season and between seasons. The relation between q and effort was attributed to a …

A Description And Analysis Of The Timing Of Virginia's Weakfish Fishery, Bruce William Hill

OES Theses and Dissertations

The seasonality of Virginia's weakfish fishery is quantitatively defined by providing a mean time of catch and variance of catch for the years 1960 - 1981. On the average. the central half of the population is available for harvest from mid-May through September in all of Virginia's waters and the mean date of harvest is July 20th • The 22 year average variance of catch for Virginia's waters is 3.97. In Virginia's Chesapeake Bay tributaries the mean date of harvest is July 17th and the 22 year average variance of catch is 2.50. There is evidence for an inverse relationship …

Timing Of The Blue Crab Fisheries Of Virginia And Its Application To Harvest Management, J. Dale Shively

OES Theses and Dissertations

The timing of a fishery is a quantitative expression of the composite behaviors of harvesters, markets, animals and climatic events. A quantitative description of the timing of the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) fisheries of Virginia was established using the time density model of Mundy (1979). Blue crab catch statistics supplied by the National Marine Fisheries Service and the Virginia Marine Resource Commission were divided into two fisheries based on gear type; the summer and winter fisheries. Average performance curves were then constructed using average cumulative proportions of catch. Annual yield estimates were also made and timing in five …

An Intraseason Forecasting System For Commercial Marine Fisheries, Erik J. Barth

OES Theses and Dissertations

The reliability of an intraseason yield estimation technique which is commonly used by Pacific salmon harvest managers is evaluated for applicability to a variety of commercial finfish and crustacean fisheries. The estimation technique is known as the average timing or the average performance model. The method is not easily related to standard statistical models, but does show some similarity to both a single parameter linear regression model and the ratio estimator of sampling theory. A comparison of these models, a two parameter linear model, and a regression estimator is made to determine if the precision of forecasts of performance can …

Fishery Harbor Development: A Case Study Of A Connecticut Coastal Community, Stonington, Connecticut, James L. Wallace

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This study was undertaken to investigate the problems and procedures encountered in the development of fishery harbors in Connecticut. Harbor facilities along the coast are in great disrepair or have been completely eliminated to allow for more profitable coastal uses. In addition, conflict between recreational and commercial fishermen for existing space has created a shortage of commercial harbor facilities. Because of this need, state and local officials have begun to investigate viable harbor development alternatives for Connecticut.

By-Catch: Over The Side Discards, An Assessment And An Alternative, Alan R. Bunn

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The incidental capture and resultant mortality of numerous fin-fish and other species of marine organisms by non-selective types of fishing gear constitute a major waste of the various fishery resources. The magnitude of the discarded by-catch and its effects upon the major fisheries is examined. Specific gear types contributing to the problem will be identified. The Gulf of Mexico shrimp fishery of the U.S., which annually catches over a billion pounds of unwanted fin-fish or “trash-fish” will be examined and an evaluation of the continuing development of selective shrimp trawling gear specifically designed to reduce the incidental capture of sea …

The Effects Of Regulation On Aquaculture Development, Derek S. Busby

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

A comparative study of the regulatory frameworks surrounding aquaculture in the states of Florida, Mississippi, and Rhode Island is conducted beginning with a generalized study of basic legal premises of aquaculture-related law common to each state. This is followed by a detailed study of the statutory authority for aquaculture regulation and the agencies which control aquaculture activities in each state. In conjunction with the law analysis an Index of Specialization (ISP) study is conducted for each state to determine a relative ranking of diversity of crop production relative to each state’s overall aquaculture production.

Marine Resources: The Presentation Of A Business Plan, K. Scott Colby

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The once questionable technology of hatchery production has become routine and, with the recent development of up-welling techniques, is more effective and efficient. The supply of natural shellfish and fishery stocks is on the decline and this trend is expected to continue. Aquaculture has been the solution to this problem in many European countries and the United States is currently attempting to remove domestic obstacles through its National Aquaculture Plan. The proprietor has experience in the production of various marine invertebrates and has designed, built and operated a producing shellfish hatchery. By using a unique up-welling juvenile culture system a …

Aeromonas Hydrophila And Motile Aeromonad Septicemias Of Fish, Rocco C. Cipriano, G. L. Bullock, S. W. Pyle

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Aeromonas hydrophila and other motile aeromonads are among the most common bacteria in freshwater habitats throughout the world, and are frequently associated with severe disease among cultured and feral fishes. Determinations of the etiology of diseases involving aeromonad infections has been complicated by the genetic, biochemical, and antigenic heterogeneity of members of this group. Consequently, motile aeromonads consist of a complex of disease organisms that are associated with bacterial hemorrhagic septicemias in fishes. From descriptions of fish diseases in the early scientific literature, Otte (1963) speculated that septicemic infections in fish caused by motile aeromonads were common throughout Europe during …

Fisheries Report No 66 - The Fishery For Perth Herring, Nematalosa Vlaminghi (Munro), C F. Chubb, N. G. Hall, R C.J. Lenanton, I. C. Potter

Fisheries Research Reports

Perth herring fishery over the last 30 years have been examined. While there are pockets of catches between Broome and Bunbury, those from the Swan Estuary and nearby inshore marine waters make by far the most important contribution to the fishery. In the Swan Estuary, the catches started rising in the 1950s in response to a demand by the rock lobster industry for bait and reached peak values in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Data are provided which demonstrate that catch per boat is a good index of catch per unit effort (CPUE) in the period since 1967 when …

Water Quality In The Gillham Lake-Cossatot River System During Dry And Wet Periods, Stephen B. Smith, Thomas E. Moen

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Water samples were collected in the Cossatot River-Gillham Lake system during an extended dry period and after heavy rains to determine the spatial variations in certain water quality characteristics. Of particular interest was the influence of the reservoir discharge on the water quality of the tailwater compared with the effects of four tributaries entering the tailwater below the reservoir. The water quality of the Cossatot River below Gillham Lake at low-flow (dry periods) and during the first 3 days after heavy rainfall (wet period) was influenced more by the tributaries entering the tailwater than by the reservoir water release. We …