Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons^™

Fisheries Research Report No.172 - Identifying Obstacles To Profitably Growing Out Western Rock Lobsters, Roy Melville-Smith, Danielle Johnston, B. Johnston, N. J. Thomson

Fisheries Research Reports

A Report Prepared for the Aquaculture Development Council.

The cost of growing out western rock lobsters from pueruli to marketable-sized lobsters has been modeled from available information. The model uses different scenarios of survival rates, marketing weights, market prices, feed costs, puerulus prices, labour costs, puerulus compensation costs, discount rates and capital costs. The sensitivity of estimated profitability to various input costs and rock lobster prices was assessed by estimating the impact of changes on the estimates of net present value (NPV) internal rate of return (IRR) and benefit:cost ratio. Importantly, the aim of the study was to identify key …

The Analysis Of Cyanide And Its Metabolites In Biological Samples, Brian A. Logue, Diane M. Hinkens

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Cyanide is a toxic chemical that may be introduced to living organisms as a result of both legal and illicit uses of cyanide. Exposure to cyanide can be verifi ed by analyzing cyanide or one of its break-down products from biological samples. This verifi cation is important for medical, law-enforcement, forensic, research, and veterinary purposes. This review will identify common problems associated with the analysis of cyanide and its metabolites, discuss current bioanalytical techniques used for verifi cation of cyanide exposure, and briefl y address the metabolism and toxicokinetics of cyanide and its break-down products in biological systems.

Breakfast At The Cockpit Café And Other Innovations In Protected Area Outreach, Christine Baumann Feurt, Ward Feurt

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Fundamental changes in protected area outreach and education strategies are dissolving old boundaries and fostering innovative approaches to civic engagement. The practice of community-based ecosystem management as presented by Meffe et al. (2002) provides an organizing framework blending ecological, institutional and sociocultural perspectives. This framework flows from a definition of ecosystem management that considers sustaining ecosystem structure and processes across spatial and temporal scales in tandem with societal priorities. The decision-making authority in this system, envisioned as collaborative and participatory, can present challenges for traditionally trained protected area managers. This definition views ecosystem management as: . . . an approach …

An Improved Method For Predicting The Accuracy Of Genetic Stock Identification, Eric C. Anderson, Robin Waples, Steven T. Kalinowski

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Estimating the accuracy of genetic stock identification (GSI) that can be expected given a previously collected baseline requires simulation. The conventional method involves repeatedly simulating mixtures by resampling from the baseline, simulating new baselines by resampling from the baseline, and analyzing the simulated mixtures with the simulated baselines. We show that this overestimates the predicted accuracy of GSI. The bias is profound for closely related populations and increases as more genetic data (loci and (or) alleles) are added to the analysis. We develop a new method based on leave-one-out cross validation and show that it yields essentially unbiased estimates of …

Terrestrial Habitat Use Of Marbled Salamanders Ambystoma Opacum: A Site Specific Approach, Frank Piccininni

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Habitat destruction, fragmentation and degradation have contributed heavily to the decline of amphibian populations such as Marbled Salamanders (Ambystoma opacum). Often, ambystomatid water resources are conserved without consideration for the equally important terrestrial habitat. This is partly due to a lack of information regarding the relationship between ecological succession, plant community composition, microhabitat and salamander abundance. Three sampling transects consisting of drift fence arrays, vegetation assessments and microhabitat surveys were extended 100 m into the terrestrial habitat surrounding a seasonal wetland at Beech Fork State Park in Wayne County, West Virginia. Principal components analysis was used to identify …

Lakes And Forests As Determinants Of Downstream Nutrient Concentrations In Small Mountain Watersheds, P. D. Brown, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, K. Nydick

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Lakes are dynamic processors of nutrients and may hold an active role in modifying the water chemistry of stream systems. In this study, we examine the influence of lakes and an important terrestrial component—forest cover—on the nutrient levels of stream water in 11 Rocky Mountain (Idaho) watersheds. Water samples were collected from the inflow and outflow of lakes with varying amounts of upstream lakes and forested area during spring runoff and summer base flow. During base flow, mean total nitrogen concentrations at the inflow of final lakes were significantly related to relative upstream lake area, increasing from 34 to 103 …

The Use Of Extractable Lipofuscin For Age Determination Of Crustaceans: Reply To Sheehy (2008), H. Rodger Harvey, David H. Secor, Se-Jong Ju

OES Faculty Publications

The heterogeneous mixture of metabolic by-products termed lipofuscin (LF) or age pigments has long been known to accumulate in post mitotic cells with increasing age. In crustaceans several approaches have been developed over the years to track LF accumulation and provide a proxy for chronological age. Histological approaches have been traditionally used for LF determination of crustaceans (e.g. Sheehy et al. 1994, Mar Biol 121:237-245), but over the last decade extraction approaches for neural tissues have been introduced (Ju et al. 1999, Mar Ecol Prog Ser 185:171-179) and tested (Ju et al. 2001, Mar Ecol Prog Ser 224:197-205; 2003, Fish …

Use Of Microbial Transglutaminase And Nonmeat Proteins To Improve Functional Properties Of Low Nacl, Phosphate-Free Patties Made From Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) Belly Flap Meat, Byungrok Min, Bartholomew W. Green

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This study was aimed at developing value-added low sodium chloride (NaCl), phosphate-free restructured patties using minced channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) belly flap meat. The effect of microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) and nonmeat proteins (isolated soy protein, ISP, and whey protein concentrate, WPC; 1.7%, respectively) alone and in combinationwere evaluated to improve cooking yield and textural properties in patties with reduced NaCl and no phosphate. The concentration effect of MTGase (0.05% to 0.7%) was also studied. The addition of MTGase increased textural properties such as binding strength, hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and springiness, but decreased cooking yield of the patties ( …

Optimal Data Partitioning And A Test Case For Ray-Finned Fishes (Actinopterygii) Based On Ten Nuclear Loci, Chenhong Li, Guoqing Lu, Guillermo Orti

Biology Faculty Publications

Data partitioning, the combined phylogenetic analysis of homogeneous blocks of data, is a common strategy used to accommodate heterogeneities in complex multilocus data sets. Variation in evolutionary rates and substitution patterns among sites are typically addressed by partitioning data by gene, codon position, or both. Excessive partitioning of the data, however, could lead to overparameterization; therefore, it seems critical to define the minimum numbers of partitions necessary to improve the overall fit of the model. We propose a new method, based on cluster analysis, to find an optimal partitioning strategy for multilocus protein-coding data sets. A heuristic exploration of alternative …

2008 Annual Report: Migratory Bird Conservation Commission

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Table of Contents

The Service’s Legacy of Conserving Migratory Waterfowl Habitat

The Migratory Bird Conservation Commission

The Migratory Bird Conservation Fund

MBCC Approvals for Fiscal Year 2008

MBCF Land Acquisitions for Fiscal Year 2008

National Wildlife Refuge System –– New Area and Boundary Addition Approvals for Fiscal Year 2008

Notes on Tables One and Two

Map – National Migratory Bird Refuges

Table One – National Migratory Bird Areas

Map – Wetland Management Districts

Table Two – National Waterfowl Production Areas

North American Wetlands Conservation Fund Summary of MBCC Approvals for Fiscal Year 2008

Table Three – U.S. Wetlands Conservation Standard …

Birds Of Conservation Concern 2008

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

The 1988 amendment to the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act mandates the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to “identify species, subspecies, and populations of all migratory nongame birds that, without additional conservation actions, are likely to become candidates for listing under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973.” Birds of Conservation Concern 2008 (BCC 2008) is the most recent effort to carry out this mandate. The overall goal of this report is to accurately identify the migratory and non-migratory bird species (beyond those already designated as federally threatened or endangered) that represent our highest conservation priorities. The …

Mycobacteriosis-Associated Mortality In Wild Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis) From Chesapeake Bay, Usa, D. T. Gauthier, R. J. Latour, D. M. Heisey, C. F. Bonzek, J. Gartland, E. J. Burge, W. K. Vogelbein

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The striped bass (Morone saxatilis) is an economically and ecologically important finfish species along the Atlantic seaboard of the United States. Recent stock assessments in Chesapeake Bay (USA) indicate that non-fishing mortality in striped bass has increased since 1999, concomitant with very high (>50%) prevalence of visceral and dermal disease caused by Mycobacterium spp. Current fishery assessment models do not differentiate between disease and other components of non-fishing mortality (e. g., senescence, predation); therefore, disease impact on the striped bass population has not been established. Specific measurement of mortality associated with mycobacteriosis in wild striped bass is …

Engaging Recreational Fishers In Management And Conservation: Global Case Studies, Elise F. Granek, Elizabeth M.P. Madin, M. A. Brown, Will F. Figueira, Darren S. Cameron, Zeb Hogan, Gerry Kristianson, Pierre De Villiers, Jack E. Williams, John R. Post, S. Zahn, R. Arlinghaus

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Globally, the number of recreational fishers is sizeable and increasing in many countries. Associated with this trend is the potential for negative impacts on fish stocks through exploitation or management measures such as stocking and introduction of non-native fishes. Nevertheless, recreational fishers can be instrumental in successful fisheries conservation through active involvement in, or initiation of, conservation projects to reduce both direct and external stressors contributing to fishery declines. Understanding fishers’ concerns for sustained access to the resource and developing methods for their meaningful participation can have positive impacts on conservation efforts. We examined a suite of case studies that …

Otolith Chemistry Indicates Population Structuring By The Antarctic Circumpolar Current, Julian R. Ashford, Cynthia M. Jones, Eileen E. Hofmann, Inigo Everson, Carlos A. Moreno, Guy Duhamel, Richard Williams

CCPO Publications

Large-scale transport of seawater in ocean currents may generate spatially complex population structure through the advection of life stages of marine fish species. To test this, we compared the chemistry of otolith nuclei from Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides), presently managed as spatially discrete Populations corresponding to fishing management areas along the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), which transports water eastward around the Southern Ocean. The chemistry of otolith nuclei, laid down during early life, differed significantly between fishing areas Off South America and the Antarctic and between some Antarctic areas. However, we found significant discrepancies from expectation for a …

Climate Change, Vulnerability And Adaptation For South-West Western Australia: Phase One Of Action 5.5, Western Australian Greenhouse Strategy, Luke Morgan, Jo Anne Molin, Ross George, Richard Mckellar, Janet Conte

Bulletins 4000 -

This report outlines preliminary findings about the impacts of climate changes that occurred during 1975 to 2005 on the South West’s people, its economy and natural ecosystems. The report focuses on vulnerability and adaptation, identifying useful pointers for future work, particularly in relation to how well the community, stakeholders and decision-makers understand climate change as an issue and a threat.

Stocking Strategies For Production Of Litopenaeus Vannamei (Boone) In Amended Freshwater In Inland Ponds, Bartholomew W. Green

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The performance of the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) under various stocking strategies was evaluated in earthen ponds filled with freshwater amended with major ions. Six 0.1-ha earthen ponds located in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, USA, were filled with freshwater in 2003 and 2004, and potassium magnesium sulfate added to provide 50 mg K⁺ L^-1 and stock salt added to provide 0.5 g L^-1 salinity. In 2003, three ponds either were stocked with PL₁₅ shrimp (39 PL m^-2) for 125 d of grow out or with PL₂₅ shrimp for a 55-d (23 PL …

Examination Of Crayfish Biodiversity And Distribution Within The Grand River, Michigan, Norrissa M. Thomas, Daniel A. Bergman

Student Summer Scholars Manuscripts

Invertebrates make up a large part of the world's biological diversity and perform essential ecological functions. Many invertebrates are under threat of extinction due to extreme transformations of habitats. Crayfish are one such threatened invertebrate. Crayfish are keystone species in many freshwater systems. Keystone species are those species most important in shaping the ecology of a system. Crayfish are an important resource for many animals and affect species diversity and abundance. Specifically, crayfish can adversely affect ecosystems by removing plants, making the water turbid. They also prey on fish eggs reducing their numbers. There are 415 species of crayfish in …

Department Of Fisheries Annual Report To Parliament 2007/08, Government Of Western Australia Department Of Fisheries

Department of Fisheries Annual Reports

In accordance with Section 61 of the Financial Management Act 2006 (FMA) and Section 263 of the Fish Resources Management Act 1994 (FRMA), | submit for your information the Annual Report to Parliament of the Department of Fisheries of Western Australia for the financial year ending 30 June 2008.

If there is a key word to describe the bulk of the Department of Fisheries' achievements during 2007/08, 'collaborative' fits very well.

Collaboration is, of course, essential in the work of a government agency that deals with a variety of clients, and must be accountable to the Parliament and public of …

Evaluation Of Aerial Cluster Sampling Of Double-Crested Cormorants On Aquaculture Ponds In Mississippi, Brian S. Dorr, Loren W. Burger Jr., Scott C. Barras

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Concern over increasing numbers of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) and their impacts on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture has resulted in increased need for quantitative information to develop and evaluate depredation management efforts. We evaluated aerial surveys in a stratified cluster sampling (SCS) design to estimate and monitor abundance of cormorants on catfish aquaculture ponds in the Yazoo River Basin of Mississippi, USA (hereafter Yazoo Basin). Twice monthly abundance estimates and coefficient of variation during winter averaged 8,128 (n = 29, SE = 1,233) and 33% (n = 29, SE = 0.02), respectively. Counts of cormorants …

State Of The Fisheries Report 2007/08, Warrick J. Fletcher, K. Santoro

Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

The State of the Fisheries Report is published annually to provide a detailed level of reporting on the management of fish stocks and their environment undertaken by the Department of Fisheries. A summary report from this document is included in the Department’s Annual Report to Parliament, which includes the Department’s nonfinancial (fishery) performance indicators. The Annual Report is no longer printed but is available through the Department’s website (www.fish.wa.gov.au).

The Effect Of Road Crossing On Fish Movements In Small Etowah Basin Streams, Paul D. Benton, William E. Ensign, Byron J. Freeman

Faculty Articles

Increased road construction associated with urbanization may result in fragmentation and loss offish populations in streams. In this study, we documented frequency of movement of fishes through three separate types of road-crossings (clear-span bridges, box culverts, and tube culverts) in six small streams using mark-recapture sampling. Upstream movement between areas separated by either box or tube culverts was lower than upstream movement between similar areas not separated by a road crossing. Downstream movement between areas separated by box culverts was also lower than downstream movement between areas without obstructions. Upstream and downstream movement between areas separated by clear-span bridges was …

Fisheries Research Report No. 160 - Development Of Biodiversity And Habitat Monitoring Systems For Key Trawl Fisheries In Western Australia., Mervi Kangas, S. Morrison, P. Unsworth, Eva K M Lai, I. Wright, Adrian W. Thomson

Fisheries Research Reports

Final FRDC report - Project 2002/038

The need for this project was identified through the ESD Risk Assessment workshops held for the Shark Bay and Exmouth Gulf trawl fisheries in May and October 2001. Bycatch issues in the Shark Bay and Exmouth fisheries were identified as a moderate risk through an Ecological Risk Assessment workshop. A better understanding of the faunal composition and habitat preferences of bycatch species in both trawled and untrawled areas has assisted in determining the level of risk to bycatch species. The project provided baseline data on biodiversity and variability of trawl bycatch on and off …

Restoring Wildlife Habitat On Rat Island: Environmental Assessment

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Restoration of natural ecosystem function on Rat Island promises to re-establish native seabirds and other native species, thus returning this wilderness island to a healthy natural community. This restoration cannot occur until the island is cleared of the invasive non-native rats that now dominate the living community.

Introduced non-native species are a leading cause of extinctions in island communities worldwide. Increasingly, land managers are removing introduced species to aid in the restoration of native ecosystems. Rats are responsible for 40-60% of all recorded bird and reptile extinctions worldwide. Given their widespread successful colonization on islands and the resulting impact to …

Fisheries Research Report No. 168 - Sustainable Development Of Barramundi Cage Aquaculture At Lake Argyle., Brett Glencross, S. Percival, B. Jones, J Hughes

Fisheries Research Reports

Final FRDC report and KSRP report - Project 2003/026

A preliminary sensory evaluation study was conducted to confirm the presence of a taint issue. Prior to this the issue was reliant on purchaser feedback and was not verified independently. To examine the issue of flavour taint a series of barramundi samples were collected from Lake Argyle (purged and unpurged), wild (estuarine) and marine farmed barramundi were assessed. No significant differences in flavour attributes and/or acceptability attributes were detected between the wild and farmed barramundi, provided the barramundi was either marine-farmed or purged. However, it was determined that a clear “muddy” …

Aquaculture Of Coral, Live Rocks And Associated Products. Draft Final 'Policy' Paper., Department Of Fisheries Western Australia

Fisheries Management Papers

Aquarium enthusiasts use corals, live rock and associated products (e.g. sand) to enhance the aesthetics or function of the marine aquaria they keep and enjoy. There is a large and growing market for these products.

The Department of Fisheries has prepared this draft ‘Final Policy Paper’ as the second phase in the development of a management framework for the aquaculture of coral and live rock. The document outlines the position and needs of the emerging industry and identifies the management arrangements and policies the Department of Fisheries is proposing to implement.

Fisheries Research Report 167 - Digital Video Techniques For Assessing Population Size Structure And Habitat Of Greenlip And Roe's Abalone., A.M. Hart, Frank Fabris

Fisheries Research Reports

Final FRDC report- Project 2002/079

A digital video image (DVI) stock monitoring programme was developed for the Haliotis laevigata and H. roei abalone fisheries in Western Australia. The program used industry divers to collect stock density and length-frequency data using digital video from 51 survey sites across the fishery, while image extraction, data processing and storage is carried out by research staff. Training videos, DVDs, and a comprehensive suite of experimental tests on both abalone species were utilised to achieve this outcome. Comparisons between DVI data collected by industry divers, and fishery independent survey (FIS) data showed mean legal sized …

2006 National Survey Of Fishing, Hunting, And Wildlife-Associated Recreation

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

The National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation reports results from interviews with U.S. residents about their fishing, hunting, and wildlife watching. This report focuses on 2006 participation and expenditures of persons 16 years of age and older.

However, in addition to 2006 estimates, we also provide trend information in the Highlights section and Appendix C of the report. The 2006 numbers reported can be compared with those in the 1991, 1996, and 2001 Survey reports because they used similar methodologies. However, 2006 estimates should not be directly compared with results from Surveys conducted earlier than 1991 because of …

Developmental Reproductive Effects Of Exposure To Pharmaceutical Steroids In The Aquatic Environment: Studies On Mosquitofish (Gambusia Affinis Affinis),Roach (Rutilus Rutilus) And Medaka(Oryzias Latipes), Taisen Iguchi, Yoshinao Katsu, Hiroshi Urushitani, Anke Lange, Charles R. Tyler

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Pharmaceutical androgens and estrogens discharged into the aquatic environment are now known to induce adverse effects in fish and are a health concern for wildlife. Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) exposed to a pharmaceutical androgen, trenbolone, used to enhance cattle growth and found to pollute waters below feedlots in the USA, has been shown to alter the development of the anal fin of the females and disrupt gonopodium development in fry. In our work, we showed that altered gonopodium development was associated with disruption in the normal patterns of expression of 2 cloned androgen receptors. Furthermore, exposure to trenbolone at 1 µg/L …

Adaptation To Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents: Some Molecular And Developmental Aspects, Florence Pradillon, Françoise Gaill

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Alvinella pompejana is a polychaetous annelid inhabiting the surface of deep sea hydrothermal chimneys along the ridge of the east part of the Pacific ocean. The main characteristic of this emblematic species is its habitat, which is very aggressive considering its temperature. The exceptional thermotolerance of this species (up to 80°C) has been the subject of much controversy. This review is focused on the thermal adaptation of this worm regarding molecular data relative to its extracellular matrix and life history traits.

Simulated Migration Of European Silver Eel; Swim Capacity And Cost Of Transport, Guido Van Den Thillart, Arjan Palstra, Vincent Van Ginneken

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

An important aspect of the reproduction of European silver eels is the huge distance (ca 6000-km) they have to swim to reach their spawning grounds. So, obviously endurance swimming is a major requirement for successful reproduction. As migrating eels don’t feed, two major questions should be asked: 1) what are the energy costs to cross the Atlantic Ocean, 2) How much fat do eels need to cover the expenses. From swim tunnel experiments run for days till even 6 months we could determine the cost of transport (COT): 0.5 kJ km-1 kg-1. This amount is about 5 times lower than …