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2023

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Articles 31 - 60 of 1258

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Living Among Wildlife: Elevating Human-Wildlife Interactions And Coexistence, Bridget Rebecca Murphy Dec 2023

Living Among Wildlife: Elevating Human-Wildlife Interactions And Coexistence, Bridget Rebecca Murphy

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

After a semester of learning, both in class and in nature, my writing honed in further on this human-nature divide. To me, I see humans as part of nature – as we are mammals, animals, part of the food chain, biological beings no higher than others on our planet. We have simply constructed this false narrative around us within our societies, minds and media that embeds this division between us and nature, between us and wildlife. Humans have been managing, stewarding, living off and within landscapes for thousands of years. As time and technology evolved, a lot of people began …

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Margined Sculpin (Cottus Marginatus), Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Margined Sculpin (Cottus Marginatus), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for margined sculpin (Cottus marginatus) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Mitochondrial Metabolism In Blood More Reliably Predicts Whole-Animal Energy Needs Compared To Other Tissues, Stefania Casagrande, Maciej Dzialo, Lisa Trost, Kasja Malkoc, Edyta T. Sadowska, Michaela Hau, Barbara J. Pierce, Scott R. Mcwilliams, Ulf Bauchinger Dec 2023

Mitochondrial Metabolism In Blood More Reliably Predicts Whole-Animal Energy Needs Compared To Other Tissues, Stefania Casagrande, Maciej Dzialo, Lisa Trost, Kasja Malkoc, Edyta T. Sadowska, Michaela Hau, Barbara J. Pierce, Scott R. Mcwilliams, Ulf Bauchinger

Biology Faculty Publications

Understanding energy metabolism in free-ranging animals is crucial for ecological studies. In birds, red blood cells (RBCs) offer a minimally invasive method to estimate metabolic rate (MR). In this study with European starlings Sturnus vulgaris, we examined how RBC oxygen consumption relates to oxygen use in key tissues (brain, liver, heart, and pectoral muscle) and versus the whole-organism measured at basal levels. The pectoral muscle accounted for 34-42% of organismal MR, while the heart and liver, despite their high mass-specific metabolic rate, each contributed 2.5-3.0% to organismal MR. Despite its low contribution to organismal MR (0.03-0.04%), RBC MR best predicted …

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A Year Of Wins For Farmed Animals, Lewis Bollard Dec 2023

A Year Of Wins For Farmed Animals, Lewis Bollard

General – Farm Animal Issues

Although the European Union shelved its ambitious farmed animal welfare reforms, there were other “wins” for farmed animals in 2023. There were 130 new corporate pledges to eliminate cages for laying hens and the worst abuses of broiler chickens. So far, over 1,000 corporate pledges have been fully implemented, and 39% of American hens, 60% of European hens, and 80% of British hens are cage-free, up from 6%, 41%, and 48%, respectively, a decade ago. The US Supreme Court upheld California’s Proposition 12, which bans the sale of eggs, pork, and veal from caged animals and their offspring in California. …

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A Year Of Wins For Farmed Animals, Lewis Bollard Dec 2023

A Year Of Wins For Farmed Animals, Lewis Bollard

Nexus – UNEP – Animal Welfare, Environment, Sustainable Development

Although the European Union shelved its ambitious farmed animal welfare reforms, there were other “wins” for farmed animals in 2023. There were 130 new corporate pledges to eliminate cages for laying hens and the worst abuses of broiler chickens. So far, over 1,000 corporate pledges have been fully implemented, and 39% of American hens, 60% of European hens, and 80% of British hens are cage-free, up from 6%, 41%, and 48%, respectively, a decade ago. The US Supreme Court upheld California’s Proposition 12, which bans the sale of eggs, pork, and veal from caged animals and their offspring in California. …

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Tropicalization Fact Sheet, Linda Walters, Carla Perscky Dec 2023

Tropicalization Fact Sheet, Linda Walters, Carla Perscky

CEELAB Outreach Materials

The goal of this 2-sided fact sheet is to introduce the topic of tropicalization along our coastlines to young audiences and their families. Tropicalization is defined as, "the transformation of ecosystems by tropical organisms that migrate towards the poles in response to warming minimum winter temperatures."

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Oregon Lakes Tui Chub (Siphateles Bicolor Oregonensis), Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Oregon Lakes Tui Chub (Siphateles Bicolor Oregonensis), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Oregon Lakes tui chub (Siphateles bicolor oregonensis) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Malheur Mottled Sculpin (Cottus Bendirei), Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Malheur Mottled Sculpin (Cottus Bendirei), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Malheur mottled sculpin (Cottus bendirei) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Klamath Lake Sculpin (Cottus Princeps), Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Klamath Lake Sculpin (Cottus Princeps), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Klamath Lake sculpin (Cottus princeps) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Reticulate Sculpin (Cottus Perplexus), Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Reticulate Sculpin (Cottus Perplexus), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for reticulate sculpin (Cottus perplexus) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Shorthead Sculpin (Cottus Confusus), Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Shorthead Sculpin (Cottus Confusus), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Shorthead sculpin (Cottus confusus) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Torrent Sculpin (Cottus Rhotheus), Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Torrent Sculpin (Cottus Rhotheus), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for torrent sculpin (Cottus rhotheus) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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The Mayfly Newsletter, Donna Giberson Dec 2023

The Mayfly Newsletter, Donna Giberson

The Mayfly Newsletter

The Mayfly Newsletter is the official newsletter of the Permanent Committee of the International Conferences on Ephemeroptera.

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Status Survey Of Eight Rare Aquatic Macroinvertebrates In East Texas, Alexandra Randall Dec 2023

Status Survey Of Eight Rare Aquatic Macroinvertebrates In East Texas, Alexandra Randall

Biology Theses

Freshwater is essential to human existence. The health of each freshwater source is connected to the survival of pollution intolerant species of aquatic macroinvertebrates in the orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT taxa). A higher presence of EPT taxa equates to better water quality because their water bound larvae assist in maintaining clean freshwater environments and will not survive in highly polluted water. Human disruption to natural environments is causing increases in polluted freshwater, leading to decreases in the presence of EPT taxa. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department documentation shows major concern for the populations of eight EPT species of …

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Pistol River Pocket Gopher (Thomomys Bottae Detumidus), Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Pistol River Pocket Gopher (Thomomys Bottae Detumidus), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Pistol River pocket gopher (Thomomys bottae detumidus) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Gold Beach Pocket Gopher (Thomomys Mazama Helleri), Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Gold Beach Pocket Gopher (Thomomys Mazama Helleri), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Gold Beach pocket gopher (Thomomys mazama helleri) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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On Some Teratological Scorpions In The Natural History Museum, London And Checklist Of The Scorpiological Literature On Morphological Anomalies (Arachnida: Scorpiones), Danniella Sherwood, Luis F. De Armas Dec 2023

On Some Teratological Scorpions In The Natural History Museum, London And Checklist Of The Scorpiological Literature On Morphological Anomalies (Arachnida: Scorpiones), Danniella Sherwood, Luis F. De Armas

Euscorpius

Whilst undertaking curation in the collections of the Natural History Museum, London, the senior author came across a jar of scorpions marked ‘scorpions with curled feet’. Further investigation showed this jar was full of scorpions with teratological anatomy. We hereby document and illustrate all of the specimens and discuss their respective anomalies. Furthermore, a comprehensive checklist of the literature on anomalies in scorpions, including giving the life stage and sex where known, is compiled for the benefit of future workers.

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Combined Purebred And Crossbred Genetic Evaluation Of Columbia, Suffolk, And Crossbred Lamb Birth And Weaning Weights: Systematic Effects And Heterogeneous Variances, Napoleón Vargas Jurado, David R. Notter, Joshua B. Taylor, Daniel J. Brown, Michelle R. Mousel, Ronald M. Lewis Dec 2023

Combined Purebred And Crossbred Genetic Evaluation Of Columbia, Suffolk, And Crossbred Lamb Birth And Weaning Weights: Systematic Effects And Heterogeneous Variances, Napoleón Vargas Jurado, David R. Notter, Joshua B. Taylor, Daniel J. Brown, Michelle R. Mousel, Ronald M. Lewis

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Despite the benefits of crossbreeding on animal performance, genetic evaluation of sheep in the U.S. does not directly incorporate records from crossbred lambs. Crossbred animals may be raised in different environments as compared to purebreds. Systemic factors such as age of dam and birth and rearing type may, therefore, affect purebred and crossbred performance differently. Furthermore, crossbred performance may benefit from heterozygosity, and genetic and environmental variances may be heterogeneous in different breeds and their crosses. Such issues must be accounted for in a combined (purebred and crossbred) genetic evaluation. The objectives of this study were to i) determine the …

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Yellow Bumblebee (Bombus Fervidus), Eleanor P. Gaines, Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Yellow Bumblebee (Bombus Fervidus), Eleanor P. Gaines, Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for yellow bumblebee (Bombus fervidus) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Columbia Gorge Oregonian (Cryptomastix Hendersoni), Misty Nelson, Eleanor P. Gaines Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Columbia Gorge Oregonian (Cryptomastix Hendersoni), Misty Nelson, Eleanor P. Gaines

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Columbia Gorge oregonian (Cryptomastix hendersoni) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Suckley's Cuckoo Bumblebee (Bombus Suckleyi), Eleanor P. Gaines, Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Suckley's Cuckoo Bumblebee (Bombus Suckleyi), Eleanor P. Gaines, Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Suckley's cuckoo bumblebee (Bombus suckleyi) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Oregon State Rank Assessment For Yellow Bumblebee (Bombus Fervidus), Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Yellow Bumblebee (Bombus Fervidus), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Yellow bumblebee (Bombus fervidus) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Oregon State Ranking Assessment For Morrison Bumblebee (Bombus Morrisoni), Misty Nelson Dec 2023

Oregon State Ranking Assessment For Morrison Bumblebee (Bombus Morrisoni), Misty Nelson

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Morrison bumblebee (Bombus morrisoni) using NatureServe methodology, 2023.

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Effects Of Electrical Stimulation On Water-Soluble Flavor Compounds In Beef Semimembranosus Muscle, Chelsie Beebe Dec 2023

Effects Of Electrical Stimulation On Water-Soluble Flavor Compounds In Beef Semimembranosus Muscle, Chelsie Beebe

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effects of electrical stimulation on water-soluble flavor compounds in beef semimembranosus muscle, collected immediately after exsanguination (PRE), immediately after stimulation (POST), and 24 h postmortem (H24) from both stimulated (ES) and non-stimulated (CON) carcasses. Short-chained peptides were greater in ES at H24 (P = 0.007). Glutamic acid concentration was above its taste threshold (0.044 mmol/kg) and was less in ES at PRE and POST by 0.030 mmol/kg (P ≤ 0.028) but was similar in both ES and CON by H24 (P = 0.142). Lysine, a Strecker amino acid, was greater in ES at H24 by 0.138 …

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Advancing Salamander Conservation Efforts In Zoos And Aquaria Through Assisted Reproductive Technologies (Art), Devin Marie Chen Dec 2023

Advancing Salamander Conservation Efforts In Zoos And Aquaria Through Assisted Reproductive Technologies (Art), Devin Marie Chen

Theses and Dissertations

Salamanders are one of the most at-risk taxa in the world due to habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, invasive diseases, and more. This has led to a need for conservation breeding programs that are often associated with zoos and aquaria. Salamanders can be difficult to breed in captivity, though, due to their dependence on specific environmental cues and other unknown factors that stimulate sperm and egg production. To overcome these challenges, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as exogenous hormone administration, sperm cryopreservation, and in-vitro fertilization have been developed to increase offspring propagation and maintain genetic diversity. If genetically robust populations …

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Of Changing Climate And Habitat: Range-Wide Individual Growth And Local Patterns Of Phenology And Landscape Use In A Threatened Pit-Viper, James Helferich Dec 2023

Of Changing Climate And Habitat: Range-Wide Individual Growth And Local Patterns Of Phenology And Landscape Use In A Threatened Pit-Viper, James Helferich

Theses and Dissertations

Over the 21st century, climate change and wetland habitat loss will pose major threats to the Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus), a federally threatened and Great Lakes region endemic rattlesnake. I collected capture-recapture data from sites across the range and modeled the effect of climatic variables on growth rate and asymptotic size. I found that high snow residence time was associated with larger asymptotic sizes but slower growth, while high spring precipitation increased growth rate. I then projected future growth and size under different carbon emission scenarios. Given the threat posed by successional encroachment of woody vegetation, I used spatially explicit …

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Effects Of Wet Aging On Water-Soluble Flavor Compounds, Descriptive Flavor, Consumer Acceptability, And Willingness-To-Pay Of Beef Longissimus Lumborum Steaks, Shangshang Wang Dec 2023

Effects Of Wet Aging On Water-Soluble Flavor Compounds, Descriptive Flavor, Consumer Acceptability, And Willingness-To-Pay Of Beef Longissimus Lumborum Steaks, Shangshang Wang

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effects of wet aging on water-soluble flavor compounds, descriptive flavor, consumer acceptability, and willingness-to-pay of beef strip steaks. Twenty USDA Select boneless beef loins (NAMP #180) were dorsally divided into four equal portions, which were randomized to receive either 0, 7, 14, or 21 d of wet aging. Short-chained peptide concentration increased from 4.11 mg/g on d 0 to 5.12 mg/g on d 7 (P = 0.011) and subsequently increased to 7.14 mg/g on d 21 (P < 0.001). Cooked beef contained 1.85 mg/g less short-chained peptides than raw beef (P < 0.001). Wet aging for 21 d increased the concentrations of amino acids, which are precursors for the Maillard reaction, including methionine, threonine, cystine, serine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine (P < 0.001). Wet aging decreased the nucleotide concentrations (P ≤ 0.003) and increased hypoxanthine concentration, a compound that imparts bitter flavor (P …

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Hypothalamic Manipulation Of The Anuran Hpg Axis: Alternative Hormones And A Non-Invasive Administration Route For Amphibian Assisted Reproductive Technologies (Art), Erin Michelle Saylor Dec 2023

Hypothalamic Manipulation Of The Anuran Hpg Axis: Alternative Hormones And A Non-Invasive Administration Route For Amphibian Assisted Reproductive Technologies (Art), Erin Michelle Saylor

Theses and Dissertations

Amidst the amphibian extinction crisis, in situ and ex situ amphibian species conservation initiatives utilize assisted reproductive technologies for optimal genetic management of captive and wild populations. Development of effective, simple, low-cost methods for obtaining gametes for artificial fertilization, sperm biobanking, or natural breeding alleviates obstacles for institutions or programs to apply reproductive technologies. Objectives herein include investigating the efficacy of alternative hormones for inducing spermiation, an alternative hormone administration route for inducing ovulation, exploring the physiological effects of hormone therapy, and utilizing sperm from deceased animals for biobanking.

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Catfish Neurocranium 3-D Scan, Pamela Gonzalez, Jarod Johnson, David Kerstetter Dec 2023

Catfish Neurocranium 3-D Scan, Pamela Gonzalez, Jarod Johnson, David Kerstetter

All Scans: Kerstetter Fisheries and Avian Ecology 3D Scan Series

No abstract provided.

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Stream Water Quality Under Baseflow Conditions In A Livestock Production Area, Maryi Lorena Chavarro Chaux Dec 2023

Stream Water Quality Under Baseflow Conditions In A Livestock Production Area, Maryi Lorena Chavarro Chaux

Theses and Dissertations

This study evaluates the spatial and temporal impacts of implemented Best Management Practices (BMP) on stream water quality under baseflow conditions in a stream segment affected by livestock production. The BMPs includes 10-m fenced riparian zone and crossing paths along the reach segment. Grab water samples and water quality monitoring were collected biweekly from July 2019 to March 2022. Water quality parameters included temperature, dissolved oxygen, electric conductance, total dissolved solids, turbidity, and pH. Water samples were lab analyzed for sediments and nutrients. Results evidenced poor water quality before BMPs implementation, with nutrient concentrations exceeding the nation's and state's criteria. …

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