Animal Sciences Commons^™

Influence Of Dietary Vitamin D3 Supplementation On The Color Changes In Longissimus Lumborum, Vastus Lateralis, Semitendinosus, And Semimembranosus Beef Muscles, Urszula Karolina Rafalska

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary vitamin D3 supplementation on changes in color and heme pigment (myoglobin and metmyoglobin) in 4 beef muscles. The muscles came from 48 crossbred bulls that were subjected to supplementation with vitamin D3 at 4 different doses: 0.0 (control group), 3.5, 7.0, and 10.0 x 106 IU. The 3.5 x 106 IU dose was administered daily for 6 days, before the morning feeding. Four days before slaughter, the supplementation was withdrawn. The dose of 7.0 and 10.0 x 106 IU was administered for 3 days and withdrawn 7 days …

Effect Of Backgrounding Management Strategies On The Performance And Profitability Of Yearling Beef Cattle, Cody Alan Welchons

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Performance and profitability of steers grazing smooth bromegrass during the summer was evaluated. Steers grazed bromegrass with no supplement (CON), grazed bromegrass fertilized with 90 kg N/ha (FERT), or grazed bromegrass and were supplemented with distillers grains plus solubles (DGS) at 0.6% of BW (SUPP). Supplemented steers had increased ADG compared to CON and FERT steers. Profitability was greatest for the SUPP steers due to increased ending BW at the end of the grazing season. Steers grazing fertilized pastures were more profitable than CON steers due to increased stocking rate as a result of improved forage growth.

A 2-yr study …

Vector Competence Of Aedes Sierrensis And Culex Pipiens Complex (Diptera: Culicidae) For Dirofilaria Immitis (Spirurida: Onchocercidae) In Northern California, Jeffrey Allan Kurosaka

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Dirofilaria immitis Leidy (dog heartworm) is a life-threatening parasite transmitted by mosquitoes to domestic dogs. Endemic in the eastern United States, cases have become more prevalent over the last few decades. While prevalence in California is generally low, Lake and San Joaquin Counties have reported rates comparable to the East Coast at 3.73% and 0.71%(CAPC 2017), respectively. Aedes sierrensis is thought to be responsible for transmission in California, but in some cases, it exists in inadequate quantities and temporal ranges to explain parasite activity. Based on Huang et al. (2013) and Tran (2016), bloodfeeding patterns, and other vector criteria, Culex …

Evaluation Of A Role For Prolactin In The Recrudescense Of Ovarian Activity In Seasonally Anovulatory Mares, Erin Lea Oberhaus

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

A series of experiments studied the possible role for prolactin in the spring-time recrudescence of ovarian activity in mares. The first experiment was based on cabergoline administration to seasonally anovulatory mares to prevent the seasonal rise in endogenous plasma prolactin to assess whether reduced prolactin altered onset of ovarian activity or first ovulation. Although prolactin concentrations were reduced, basal prolactin concentrations recovered from suppression by the time of the next injection (10 days later), even though low-dose sulpiride stimulation of prolactin was still suppressed by 85%. The subsequent experiment tested whether season affected the duration and degree of suppression produced …

Abundance, Growth, And Predation By Non-Native Brown Trout In The Trinity River, Ca, Justin S. Alvarez

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Brown Trout were introduced to the Trinity River in Northern California in the 1890’s. Since 1932, Brown Trout have sustained their population without additional stocking. Over the last 15 years, fisheries managers have been concerned that predation by piscivorous Brown Trout may impede efforts to restore native salmonids, in particular endangered Coho Salmon. I investigated predation by Brown Trout on native fish in the 64 km of the main stem Trinity River below Lewiston Dam. Using a bioenergetics approach parameterized with field measurements of Brown Trout abundance and growth, I estimated the amount of energy needed to sustain the 2015 …

The Bee Fauna Of The Horse Mountain And Grouse Mountain Region, Humboldt County, California, Carrie Lopez

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Recent concerns about the ecological well-being of bee communities in California and elsewhere have increased the need for monitoring programs and studies that evaluate the impact of habitat loss and alteration on bee diversity and abundance. Such studies depend critically on the expertise of people trained in taxonomy, but their numbers have declined in recent years. My primary goal was to gain a comprehensive first-hand experience with bee identification by documenting the fauna of a previously unstudied area in the mountains of northwestern California and by writing an identification key, intended for dedicated non-specialists, to the area’s 35 species of …

Mobbing Behavior In Wild Steller's Jay (Cyanocitta Stelleri), Kelly Anne Commons

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Mobbing is a widespread anti-predator behavior with multifaceted functions. Mobbing behavior has been found to differ with respect to many individual, group, and encounter level factors. To better understand the factors that influence mobbing behavior in wild Steller’s jays (Cyanocitta stelleri), I induced mobbing behavior using 3 predator mounts: a great horned owl (Bubo virginianus), common raven (Corvus corax), and sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter cooperii). I observed 90 responses to mock predators by 33 color-marked individuals and found that jays varied in their attendance at mobbing trials, their alarm calling behavior, and in …

Using Pentosidine And Hydroxyproline To Predict Age And Sex In An Avian Species, Brian S. Dorr, Randal S. Stahl, Katie C. Hanson-Dorr, Carol A. Furcolow

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

All living organisms are subject to senescence accompanied by progressive and irreversible physiological changes. The error damage and cross-linking theories suggest that cells and tissues are damaged by an accumulation of cross-linked proteins, slowing down bodily processes and resulting in aging. A major category of these cross-linked proteins are compounds called advanced glycation end products (AGEs). We investigated the relationship between accumulation of the AGE, pentosidine (Ps), and hydroxyproline (HYP) a post-translationally modified amino acid, with age, sex, and breeding status (breeder/ nonbreeder) from skin samples of known age (i.e., banded as fledglings), free-ranging Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus, …

The Future Of Blackbird Management Research, Page E. Klug

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Human society values birds for their intrinsic and aesthetic value as well as the ecosystem services they provide as pollinators, consumers of pests, and distributors of nutrients and seeds (Wenny et al. 2011). At the same time, conflict between birds and humans is an age-old phenomenon that has persisted as society has transformed and the scale of agriculture has expanded (Conover 2002). Managing conflict between birds and agriculture is challenging for many reasons. Foremost, the need to consider both human welfare and conservation of protected bird species is paramount, with nonlethal management methods preferred to lethal measures from societal, economical, …

Status Reports Of The Fisheries And Aquatic Resources Of Western Australia 2015/16. State Of The Fisheries, W.J Fletcher, M.D. Mumme, F J. Webster

Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

As part of the transition to ultimately using a web based, hierarchical interface, this years’ edition of the Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources of Western Australia 2015/16 is adopting a more streamlined format. These changes include updates to the summary table which, in addition to displaying the stock and fishery performance levels, now includes current performance and risk levels for each of the other EBFM outcomes (e.g. bycatch, listed species, economics etc.).

Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Of The African Catfish, Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) In Kenya: Implication For Conservation And Aquaculture, James E. Barasa, Sinebongo Mdyogolo, Romulus Abila, Johannes Paul Grobler, Robert A. Skilton, Hesmari Bindeman, Moses Ndotono Njahira, Emily J. Chemoiwa, Otto G. Dangasuk, Boaz Kaunda-Arara, Erik Verheyen

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, is an important species in aquaculture and fisheries in Kenya. Mitochondrial D-loop control region was used to determine genetic variation and population structure in samples of C. gariepinus from 10 sites including five natural populations (Lakes Victoria (LVG), Kanyaboli (LKG), Turkana (LTA), Baringo (LBA) and Jipe (LJP), and five farms (Sangoro Aquaculture Center (SAN), Sagana Aquaculture Centre (SAG), University of Eldoret Fish Farm (UoE), Kibos Fish Farm (KIB), and Wakhungu Fish Farm (WKU)) in Kenya. Similarly, samples from eight localities (four natural populations: LVG/LKG, LTA, LBA, and four farmed: SAN, SAG, KIB, UoE) were genotyped using …

Multiscale Habitat Suitability Modeling For Canary Rockfish (Sebastes Pinniger) Along The Northern California Coast, Portia N. Saucedo

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Detailed spatially-explicit data of the potential habitat of commercially important rockfish species are a critical component for the purposes of marine conservation, evaluation, and planning. Predictive habitat modeling techniques are widely used to identify suitable habitat in un-surveyed regions. This study elucidates the predicted distribution of canary rockfish (Sebastes pinniger) along the largely un-surveyed northern California coast using data from visual underwater surveys and predictive terrain complexity covariates. I used Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modelling software to identify regions of suitable habitat for S. pinniger greater than nine cm in total length at two spatial scales. The results of …

Comparative Evaluations Of Tear Secretion In Healthy And Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis Romanov Sheep With Schirmer Tear Test And Phenol Red Thread Tear Test, Mustafa Bariş Akgül, Ni̇hat Şindak, Ali̇ Gülaydin, Doğukan Özen, Serpi̇l Kahya Demi̇rbi̇lek, Kadi̇r Sulu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study is to determine the amount of tear secretion in sheep with infectious keratoconjunctivitis and healthy ones in the Siirt region by Schirmer tear test and phenol red thread tear test. A total of 47 Romanov sheep, consisting of sheep with infectious keratoconjunctivitis (n = 6) and healthy sheep (n = 41), constituted the study material. Phenol red thread tear test followed by Schirmer tear test was performed on both eyes of the animals, properly taken at a control visit on their feet. The Schirmer tear test and phenol red thread tear test values were measured …

Seasonal And Ontogenetic Diet Shift Of Two Sympatric Cyprinid Fish Species From The Temperate Karamenderes River, Çanakkale, Turkey, Şükran Yalçin Özdi̇lek

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Diet composition and feeding relationships of two cyprinid species, Squalius cii and Barbus oligolepis, from the Karamenderes River, northwestern Turkey, were assessed over a 1-year period. Both species were omnivorous and fed mostly on benthic plant materials (particularly algae) and insects. The diet of B. oligolepis primarily comprised Bacillariophyceae, Diptera larvae, and other insects, while that of S. cii comprised filamentous algae (Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyceae), insect larvae, and adults. Ontogenetic shifts in diet were identified in both species. The ratio of Chlorophyceae in the diet of B. oligolepis showed a gradual increase with increase in its body size; moreover, the …

Mesomermis Devii Sp. Nov. (Nematoda: Mermithidae),A New Species Of Nematode From Devi Cave In Georgia, Olegi Gorgadze, Shalva Barjadze

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Adult female individuals of the nematode Mesomermis devii sp. nov. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) have been described. The host organism is not determined. The individuals were isolated from moist guano obtained in the dark zone of Devi Cave (West Georgia). The new species is characterized by the following: rounded and symmetrical apical end of the head; mouth aperture is located in the middle of the head terminus; 6 cephalic papillae are arranged in a single row; each papilla is equipped with 2 or 3 sensilla; stoma has uneven width and the pharyngeal tube is of even width along the whole length; small …

Amylase In The Hepatopancreas Of A Euryhaline Burrowingcrab: Characteristics And Modulation, Antonela Asaro, Roberto Paggi, Rosana De Castro, Alejandra Lopez Mañanes

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In spite of its inherent physiological importance, studies on the occurrence, characteristics, and modulation of amylase in euryhaline crabs are lacking. We investigated the occurrence of amylase forms and the effect of acclimation to different salinities on their number and made a partial purification and characterization of the major form present in the hepatopancreas of Neohelice granulata. Zymogram analysis revealed 5 amylase forms in crabs acclimated to 35 psu (seawater) and 37 psu, and an additional band at 10 psu, but with a major form (29 kDa) in all cases, which was partially purified and characterized. Amylolytic activity was maximal …

Review Of The Brachypterous Species Of Alloxysta Förster, 1869(Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Charipinae) With A Description Of Two New Species, Mar Ferrer Suay, Jesus Selfa, Maria Victoria Seco-Fernandez, Jili Pujade-Villar

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The aim of this study is to review the brachypterous species within the genus Alloxysta Förster, 1869. The known brachypterous species of Alloxysta have been compared with fully winged species in order to establish hypotheses regarding dimorphism for wing length and shape. This analysis is based only on the morphological features shared between species; breeding and genetic analyses will be necessary to test and refine these hypotheses. Two new brachypterous species are described here: Alloxysta curta Ferrer-Suay sp. nov. and Alloxysta pseudoconsobrina Ferrer-Suay sp. nov. Six species are revised. In total, there are now 8 brachypterous species known in this …

Heterochromatin Distribution And Localization Of Nors In The 2n = 48cytotypes Of Nannospalax Xanthodon And N. Ehrenbergi, Ati̇lla Arslan, Jan Zima

Turkish Journal of Zoology

We compared the C-banding pattern and the NOR distribution in 3 populations of N. xanthodon and N. ehrenbergi with 48 chromosomes from Turkey, with the aim to reveal variations between and within species. We have found distinct variation in the C-banding and the NOR distribution pattern among the 3 populations compared; each of them possessed its own specific chromosomal features. However, it is not possible to distinguish between intra- and interspecific variation, and the observed patterns cannot be utilized for unequivocal species recognition.

Neobisium (N.) Tothi Sp. Nov., A New Species From Hungary Andromania, And First Records Of Neobisium (N.) Noricum Beier, 1939 From Hungary (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae), János Novák

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A new pseudoscorpion species, Neobisium (Neobisium) tothi sp. nov., is described from Hungary and Romania. In addition, Neobisium (N.) noricum Beier, 1939 is reported from Hungary for the first time. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the new species and the new specimens of N. (N.) noricum are presented here.

Fine Structure Of The Malpighian Tubules In Gryllus Campestris(Linnaeus, 1758) (Orthoptera, Gryllidae), Irmak Polat, Nurcan Özyurt, Damla Amutkan, Zeki̇ye Suludere, Selami̇ Candan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The Malpighian tubules are responsible for excretion and osmoregulation in insects. The Malpighian system consists of tubules that are closed at the distal end and extend from the point of junction of the midgut and hindgut. This organ helps the water and electrolyte balance of the internal metabolism by filtration with absorption of water and soluble materials as mineral salts from the hemolymph. In this study, the histology of Malpighian tubules in Gryllus campestris (Orthoptera, Gryllidae) has been examined in detail by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The distal ends of the Malpighian tubules in G. …

Identification Of Thyroid Hormone Receptors α And β Genes And Their Expression Profiles During Metamorphosis In Rana Chensinensis, Chuan-Chuan Du, Xin-Yi Li, Hua-Xin Wang, Kai Liang, Hong-Yuan Wang, Yuhui Zhang

Turkish Journal of Zoology

To explore the role of thyroid hormones in organ remodeling during the metamorphosis of amphibians, the cDNAs of two thyroid hormone receptors (TRα and TRβ) in Rana chensinensis were identified. The 1257 bp of rcTRα cDNA encoding 418 amino acids and the 1122 bp of rcTRβ cDNA encoding 373 amino acids were cloned. Their polypeptide sequences contain two highly conserved cysteine-rich zinc fingers in the DNA-binding domain, while rcTRβ is 42 amino acids shorter in its A/B domain when compared with rcTRα. Fifty-five amino acids differed between the TRα and TRβ domains. The rcTRα and rcTRβ mRNA levels in the …

Key To The Species Of Megachernes Beier (Pseudoscorpiones: Chernetidae),With Notes On M. Afghanicus And M. Pavlovskyi, Mahrad Nassirkhani, Reza Vafai Shoushtari

Turkish Journal of Zoology

An identification key is presented for all described species of the pseudoscorpions belonging to the genus Megachernes. Megachernes afghanicus Beier, 1959 is also considered as a junior subjective synonym of M. pavlovskyi Redikorzev, 1949.

The First Record Of Macrobiotus Vladimiri Bertolani, Biserov, Rebecchi & Cesari, 2011 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Macrobiotidae: Hufelandi Group) From Poland, Bernadeta Nowak, Daniel Stec

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Tardigrade studies in Poland have been carried out for more than a century and to date, 102 species have been reported from this central European country. This constitutes nearly 9% of all known species within the phylum. Although previous studies have been thorough, a number of taxa now known to belong to species complexes have been treated in only a very general way. One such complex is the Macrobiotus hufelandi group, which has a worldwide distribution. To date, only three hufelandi group species have been recorded from Poland: M. hufelandi hufelandi C.A.S. Schultze, 1834; M. macrocalix Bertolani & Rebecchi, 1993; …

Japanese Quail Performance, Intestinal Microflora, And Molecularresponses To Screened Wheat And Multienzyme Diet, Ali Asghar Saki, Fatemeh Sahebi Ala, Pouya Zamani, Dariush Alipour, Masoumeh Abbasinezhad

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present paper studied the effect of screened wheat (SW) levels and a multienzyme diet on Japanese quail performance, intestinal performance, and microbial population. A total of 480 unsexed 10-day-old quail chicks were assigned to a multienzyme diet (0 or 0.5 g/kg) and SW (0%, 5%, 10%, or 15%) in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments with 4 replications and 15 quails in each in a completely randomized design. No differences were observed in performance between diets at 10 to 36 days of age. Increases in dietary SW levels decreased villus height, villus width, villus surface, and height:crypt …

Molecular Cloning And Sequence Characterization Of Two Genes, Dqa1 And Dqa2,From The Chinese Yakow (Bos Grunniens X Bos Taurus), Dongmei Xi, Sameeullah Memon, Guozhi Li, Xiangying Liu, Chao Su, Jing Leng, Liping Wang, Sehroon Khan, Weidong Deng

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a crucial role in the immune response to infectious diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the structural and functional characteristics and possible duplication of the MHC-DQA genes in the Chinese yakow, which is well adapted to the Qinghai?Tibetan Plateau. Two full-length cDNA sequences and partial 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) were retrieved and denoted as Bogr×BoLA-DQA*0101 (DQA1) and BogrxBoLA-DQA*2001 (DQA2), respectively. The percentage of nucleotide and amino acid sequences homology between BogrxBoLA-DQA1 and BogrxBoLA-DQA2 showed that these two sequences have more identity to alleles of the corresponding DQA1 and DQA2 …

Salmonella Enteritidis Predominance Determined By Serotyping Andreal-Time Pcr In Poultry-Derived Food And Avian Isolates, Zafer Ata, Seran Temelli̇, Ayşe Gül Eyi̇gör, Kami̇l Tayfun Carli

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to determine Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) presence by conventional serotyping and SE-specific real-time PCR (SE-rPCR) in poultry-derived food and avian isolates in our laboratory Salmonella spp. collection. Conventional serotyping indicated that 32 (8 chicken meat, 10 egg, 14 avian) out of 56 (57%) isolates were SE, whereas 8 (3 chicken meat, 2 turkey meat, 3 avian) (14%) isolates were serogroup B, 6 (1 chicken meat, 1 egg, 4 avian) (11%) were serogroup C1, 4 (3 chicken meat, 1 turkey meat) (7%) were serogroup C2-C3, 4 (3 chicken meat, 1 turkey meat) (7%) were serogroup …

Serotypes Of Salmonella Isolated From Feces Of Cattle, Buffalo,And Camel And Sensitivities To Antibiotics In Turkey, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Hadi̇mli̇, Yasemi̇n Pinarkara, Asli Sakmanoğlu, Zafer Sayin, Osman Ergani̇ş, Ali̇ Uslu, Huda Jihad Al-Shattrawi

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, Salmonella strains from dairy cows, calves with diarrhea, and buffalo and camel feces were isolated and serotyped. There were 869 feces samples (437 calves, 287 dairy cows, 100 buffalo, and 45 camels) collected from 13 provinces and 21 farms. Preenrichment feces samples were added to Rappaport-Vassiliadis medium. Samples were then subcultured on xylose lysine tergitol-4 agar and plates. Suspected colonies of Salmonella were confirmed by latex agglutination test. The isolates of Salmonella spp. were serotyped at the Etlik Central Veterinary Control Institute. In total, 40 Salmonella spp. were isolated, including 33 from calves, 5 from dairy cows, …

Proximate Analysis Of Indian Flying Fox's (Pteropus Giganteus) Natural Food, With A Note On Its Roost Variations In Urban Areas Of Lahore, Pakistan, Arshad Javid, Tayiba Gulraiz, Muhammad Ashraf, Muhammad Nadeem, Syed Makhdoom Hussain, Muhammad Altaf, Irfan Babu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Food habits, nutrient preferences, and roost variations of Indian flying fox Pteropus giganteus were investigated for a period of 1 year in two public parks in Lahore, Pakistan. Bolus and guano samples of P. giganteus were collected on a monthly basis, and seeds of 32 plant species belonging to 23 genera and 15 families were identified from the ejecta samples. Of these 32 food species, 8 were native and 24 were exotic; 13 were commercially important, while 19 species had no mercantile value. Proximate analysis of the food items revealed that fruits with comparatively higher moisture content were utilized during …

Human Activity Mediates Reciprocal Distribution And Niche Separationof Two Sympatric Mongoose Species On The Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan, Riaz Hussain, Tariq Mahmood, Faraz Akrim, Hira Fatima, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Ecologically and morphologically similar species living in sympatry are predicted to partition their resources, although the resources themselves may vary in time and space and in relation to extrinsic factors. We studied two sympatric species of carnivores that vary in their distribution along a gradient of human activity, and one species exploits a wider range of food sources. We recorded the distribution of the small Indian mongoose (Herpestes javanicus) and the gray mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii) through reconnaissance surveys within high, medium, and low human activity areas of the Pothwar Plateau from November 2011 to June 2013. We found that the …

Macroinvertebrate Composition In The Metarhithral Zones Of The Munzur And Pülümür Rivers: A Preliminary Study, Zuhal Gülteki̇n, Rahmi̇ Aydin, Carola Winkelmann

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The aim of this work was the determination of the macroinvertebrate community in the metarhithral zones of the Munzur and Pülümür rivers. This is the first documented research on macroinvertebrates in the metarhithral zone of the Munzur and Pülümür rivers in the region of the city of Tunceli. In total, 30 taxa of 9 orders of benthic invertebrates were recorded at the four sampling sites. Larvae of Taeniopteryx caucasica (Plecoptera), Oligoneuriella baskale, and Ecdyonurus dispar (Ephemeroptera) were recorded for the first time in the province of Tunceli.