Animal Sciences Commons^™

Evaluating Food Safety Systems Development And Implementation By Quantifying Haccp Training Durability, Marienne A. Anandappa

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

HACCP-based food safety programs have been widely acclaimed, accepted and implemented as an effective means of managing food safety risks. While HACCP training is a cornerstone of managing HACCP programs, there is little information about the effectiveness of HACCP training and the durability of HACCP knowledge. Findings reveal a link between involvement level in HACCP activities and the accuracy of HACCP knowledge over time. Opportunities for peer training in HACCP, irrespective of overall experience in the food industry provide favorable circumstances for maintaining accuracy of HACCP knowledge. The optimal window for engaging employees in HACCP is directly following the completion …

Estimating The Economic Losses From Diseases And Extended Days Open With A Farm-Level Stochastic Model, Di Liang

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

This thesis improved a farm-level stochastic model with Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the impact of health performance and market conditions on dairy farm economics. The main objective of this model was to estimate the costs of seven common clinical dairy diseases (mastitis, lameness, metritis, retained placenta, left displaced abomasum, ketosis, and milk fever) in the U.S. An online survey was conducted to estimate veterinary fees, treatment costs, and producer labor data. The total disease costs were higher in multiparous cows than in primiparous cows. Left displaced abomasum had the greatest costs in all parities ($404.74 in primiparous cows and …

Effects Of Endophyte Infected Fescue Alkaloid Ingestion On Energy Metabolism, Nitrogen Balance, In Situ Feed Degradation, And Ruminal Passage Rates, Anne F. Koontz

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

The decrease in productivity caused by fescue toxicosis has been estimated to cost the United States livestock industry more than $1 billion per year due to reduced growth and diminished reproductive efficiency. This goal of the research presented in this dissertation is to enhance the knowledge base concerning the underlying physiological changes that occur during fescue toxicosis that lead to reduced intake and weight gain in cattle.

As one of the factors associated with fescue toxicosis is a reduction in feed intake, achieving a consistent and adequate intake of toxins can be a complication. Results from experiment 1demonstrate that ruminal …

Evaluation Of The Effects Of Vitamin K On Growth Performance And Bone Health In Swine, James S. Monegue

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

The role of vitamin K in the blood clotting cascade has been well documented. Vitamin K has recently been implicated in improving bone health. The current studies were conducted to determine the effects of vitamin K in diets with and without mycotoxin contaminated corn on growth performance, bone characteristics, and related blood metabolites in pigs from weaning to market. Menadione sodium bisulfite complex (MSBC, 33% vitamin K) was chosen as the source of supplemental vitamin K because it is the most common form fed to swine. Vitamin K was tested at 0, 0.5, and 2.0 ppm in a corn-soybean meal …

A New Hemiscorpius Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Hemiscorpiidae) From Southwestern Iran, Ayşegül Karataş, Muhammed Mouradi Gharkheloo

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A new Hemiscorpius species, H. kashkayi sp. nov., is described from the Khuzestan and Ahwaz region in southwestern Iran. H. kashkayi is related to H. persicus Birula, 1903, known from Baluchestan in eastern Iran, which does not show sexual dimorphism between males and females, like H. kashkayi. These 2 species differ from all other Iranian Hemiscorpiidae species in having no sexual dimorphism. H. kashkayi is distinguished from H. persicus by its relatively short and well-developed stout metasoma and pedipalp segments, less developed patellar process, and carapacial and mesosomal carination.

Diptera Pupipara From Bats Of Two Large Eastern Mediterranean Islands, Crete And Cyprus, Martin Sevcík, Petr Benda, Radek Kris Lucan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This paper presents a review of records of bat flies (families Nycteribiidae and Streblidae) from Crete and Cyprus, based on new findings and published data. Seven species representing 4 genera belonging to the family Nycteribiidae and 1 species from the family Streblidae from 5 bat species in Crete are reported, and 7 Nycteribiidae species (4 genera) and 1 Streblidae species from 9 bat species in Cyprus are reported. The bat flies Nycteribia latreillii (Leach, 1817), Basilia mongolensis nudior Hürka 1972, Penicillidia conspicua Speiser, 1900, P. dufourii Westwood, 1835, and Brachytarsina flavipennis Macquart, 1851 are reported from Crete for the first …

Frontonia Anatolica N. Sp., A New Peniculid Ciliate (Protista, Ciliophora) From Lake Van, Turkey, İsmai̇l Yildiz, Naci̇ye Gülkiz Şenler

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The morphology, ciliature, and silverline system of a new ciliate, Frontonia anatolica n. sp., isolated from the bottom sediment of the eastern shore of Lake Van, a large alkaline lake in Eastern Anatolia Turkey, were investigated using live and silver impregnation methods. Frontonia anatolica n. sp. is characterised by an elliptical body shape; by an in-vivo body size of 101-134 x 47-67 \mum; by dorsoventral flattening of about 2:3 to 1:2; by 2 contractile vacuoles located in the anterior and posterior body parts, each with 6-7 collecting canals and 1 excretory pore; by about 93 somatic kineties; by 3 vestibular …

Assessing The Potential Impact Of Nonnative Fish On Native Fish By Relative Condition, Özcan Gaygusuz, Özgür Emi̇roğlu, Ali̇ Serhan Tarkan, Hamdi̇ Aydin, Ni̇ldeni̇z Top, Zeynep Dorak, Uğur Karakuş, Sercan Başkurt

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Nonnative species (NNS) pose one of the most common threats to the conservation of biodiversity. Given the difficulty in measuring and documenting the specific impacts of introduced species on native species, indices of condition may provide an easy and inexpensive alternative. The aim of this study was to understand the impact of NNS on some common and endemic freshwater fishes, examining their relative conditions in the absence (allopatry) and presence (sympatry) of nonnative fish species from 3 different regions in the western part of Turkey. Data from 19 sites, a total of 1672 fish of 11 cyprinid species, were used …

Using Digital Images In The Study Of Fluctuating Asymmetry In The Spur-Thighed Tortoise Testudo Graeca, Gabriel Buica, Dan Cogalniceanu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Fluctuating asymmetry has been proposed as a useful noninvasive tool for detecting the influence of the environment on body development. In the present study, we used digital images to estimate the fluctuating asymmetry of the plastron in an isolated Testudo graeca population in Dobrogea, Romania. We extracted data from the photos regarding the area, height, and width of 3 plastron scutes. A total of 155 adult tortoises analysed showed reduced variation in plastron asymmetry and no significant relationship was detected between fluctuating asymmetry and sex or body size. We suggest that fluctuating asymmetry may be an individual trait, with no …

Comparison Of Geographic Variations In Typhlops Vermicularis (Merrem, 1820) (Ophidia: Typhlopidae) From The Iranian Plateau With Turkey And Turkmenistan, Mohadeseh Afroosheh, Nasrullah Rastegar_Pouyani, Seyed Kamran Ghoreishi, Haji Gholi Kami

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Typhlops vermicularis (Merrem, 1820) is one of the cosmopolitan species of the genus Typhlops that occupies a vast range of different localities from North Africa to western Afghanistan. In this study, different populations of T. vermicularis were investigated to clarify if there was any degree of geographic variation in this taxon throughout the studied range. For this purpose, 103 specimens of this taxon belonging to 12 populations from all over Iran, Turkey, and Turkmenistan were studied. Morphometric characters were examined by ANOVA and principal component analysis. Results showed that despite the vast distribution range of this species, there is no …

The Ecology Of Freshwater Bivalves In The Lake Sapanca Basin, Turkey, Ertan Ercan, Özcan Gaygusuz, Ali̇ Serhan Tarkan, Martin Reichard, Carl Smith

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Despite the ecological importance and globally threatened status of freshwater bivalves, the freshwater mussel fauna of Turkey has hitherto received little attention. The aim of this study was to describe the ecology of freshwater mussels of the Lake Sapanca basin (northwest Turkey) to provide baseline data against which to measure future trends. Five native mussel species belonging to 3 genera were encountered in surveys: Anodonta cygnea, A. anatina, Unio pictorum, U. crassus, and Dreissena polymorpha. In addition, an invasive species from Asia, A. woodiana, was recorded in the region for the first time. A. cygnea and U. pictorum were the …

Passer Hispaniolensis Subpopulations In Turkey: Allozyme Variations And Brief Ecobiological Notes, Fulya Saygili, Nuri̇ Yi̇ği̇t

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, Spanish Sparrows were recorded in numerous locations and specimens were collected from Samsun, Çorum, and Denizli provinces in Turkey. The breeding subpopulations preferred various nesting sites, including wooded areas and White Stork nests. These sparrows were primarily observed in flocks of variable size and were rarely solitary. The largest flock recorded was found in juniper and pine woods in Denizli. We collected data on 23 allozyme loci to compare the genetic variation among the 3 Spanish Sparrow subpopulations. The low F_{ST} (0.1363) and high Nm (1.5842) values calculated from these data indicated that gene flow among the …

New Records Of Dolichopodidae (Diptera, Empidoidea) From Inner Western Anatolia (Turkey), Alper Tonguç, Murat Barlas, Igor Yakovlevich Grichanov

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Fifteen new records of Dolichopodidae from the inner western Anatolia region resulting from recent expeditions are presented. The following species are recorded from Turkey for the first time: Argyra argyria (Meigen, 1824); Hercostomus griseifrons Becker, 1910; Poecilobothrus principalis (Loew, 1861); Orthoceratium lacustre (Scopoli, 1763); Scellus notatus (Fabricius, 1781); Medetera perfida Parent, 1932; Neurigona abdominalis (Fallén, 1823); Peloropeodes acuticornis (Oldenberg, 1916); Rhaphium albifrons Zetterstedt, 1843; Campsicnemus barbitibia Stackelberg, 1947; Campsicnemus crinitarsis Strobl, 1906; Campsicnemus filipes Loew, 1859; Sympycnus simplicipes Becker, 1908; Syntormon zelleri (Loew, 1850); and Teuchophorus chaetifemoratus Pollet & Kechev, 2007.

Two New Species And 2 First Records Of The Genus Lepidostoma Rambur, 1842 (Trichoptera: Lepidostomatidae) From The Indian Himalayas, Sajad Hussain Parey, Malkiat Singh Saini

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Two new species of the genus Lepidostoma Rambur, 1842 from the Indian Himalayas are described and illustrated, namely Lepidostoma curvatum sp. nov. from Tato (Arunachal Pradesh) and Lepidostoma mechukaense sp. nov. from Mechuka (Arunachal Pradesh). Lepidostoma liber Malicky, 2007 from Loomla (Arunachal Pradesh) and Lepidostoma simplex Kimmins, 1964 from Pithoragarh (Uttarakhand) are first reported from India. With this addition of these 4 species, the genus Lepidostoma is now represented by 45 species from India.

Abundance And Distribution Of Eggs And Larvae Of Anchovy (Engraulis Encrasicolus, Linnaeus, 1758) And Horse Mackerel (Trachurus Mediterraneus, Steindachner, 1868) On The Coasts Of The Eastern Black Sea, Cemaletti̇n Şahi̇n, Necati̇ Hacimurtazaoğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Sampling for this survey was performed in 5 stations located in the bays of Sürmene and Rize in the eastern Black Sea between April and October 2006. During the sampling, the quantities and distributions of eggs and larvae of anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus) and horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus) were determined. For horizontal towing carried out from the surface (0–5 m), a plankton net of 50 cm in diameter and 500 µm mesh. The eggs of anchovy and horse mackerel sampled in plankton tows were found to be 438.33 ind./100 m^3 and 5.71 ind./100 m^3 for horizontal tows. During horizontal tows, the …

Biodiversity Of Filariae (Nematoda: Filariata), Parasites Of Birds In Uzbekistan, Kalandar Saparov, Firuza Akramova, Djalaliddin Azimov, Vladimir Golovanov, Abdurakhim Kuchboev

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In Uzbekistan, 53 species in 4 families of nematodes of the suborder Filariata Skrjabin, 1915 (Aproctidae [9], Splendidofilariidae [12], Diplotriaenidae [20], Oswaldofilariidae [12]) were found to infect 14 orders of birds. Passeriformes harbored 23, the greatest number of species. The rate of infection was significantly lower in birds confined to aquatic environments.

Nematode And Acanthocephalan Parasites Of Marine Fish Of The Eastern Black Sea Coasts Of Turkey, Yahya Tepe, Mehmet Cemal Oğuz

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A total of 625 fish belonging to 25 species were sampled from the coasts of Trabzon, Rize, and Artvin provinces and examined parasitologically. Two acanthocephalan species (Neoechinorhynchus agilis in Liza aurata; Acanthocephaloides irregularis in Scorpaena porcus) and 4 nematode species (Hysterothylacium aduncum in Merlangius merlangus euxinus, Trachurus mediterraneus, Engraulis encrasicholus, Belone belone, Caspialosa sp., Sciaena umbra, Scorpaena porcus, Liza aurata, Spicara smaris, Gobius niger, Sarda sarda, Uranoscopus scaber, and Mullus barbatus; Anisakis pegreffii in Trachurus mediterraneus; Philometra globiceps in Uranoscopus scaber and Trachurus mediterraneus; and Ascarophis sp. in Scorpaena porcus) were found in the intestines of their hosts. The infection …

Microstonyx (Suidae, Artiodactyla) From The Upper Miocene Of Hayranlı-Haliminhanı, Turkey, Jan Van Der Made, Erksi̇n Güleç, Ahmet Cem Erkman

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The suid remains from localities 58-HAY-2 and 58-HAY-19 in the Late Miocene Derindere Member of the İncesu Formation in the Hayranlı-Haliminhanı area (Sivas, Turkey) are described and referred to as Microstonyx major (Gervais, 1848-1852). Microstonyx shows changes in incisor morphology, which are interpreted as a further adaptation to rooting. This occurred probably in a short period between 8.7 and 8.121 Ma ago and possibly is a reaction to environmental change. The incisor morphology in locality 58-HAY-2 suggests that it is temporally close to this change, which would imply that this locality and the lithostratigraphically lower 58-HAY-19 belong to the lower …

New Locality Record For Podarcis Siculus Hieroglyphicus (Berthold, 1842) (Squamata: Lacertidae) In The Western Black Sea Region Of Anatolia, Çeti̇n Ilgaz, Yusuf Kumlutaş, Mustafa Sözen

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Six specimens of Podarcis siculus hieroglyphicus from Filyos, Zonguldak Province, in the western Black Sea region were collected. This new record extended eastward seriously (ca. 250 km) the known distribution area of the subspecies in Turkey. The meristic (pholidolial) and metric (morphometric) characters and color-pattern features of specimens collected from Filyos, Zonguldak, are given in detail and compared with the specimens from other known Turkish localities with regard to the literature. The specimens examined were similar to P. siculus hieroglyphicus specimens mentioned in the literature.

Seasonal Variation Of Small Mammals In The Diet Of The Barn Owl (Tyto Alba) In The Drinos River Valley, Southern Albania, Gligor Paspali, Selfo Oruçi, Mynyr Koni, Iain Frank Wilson, Boris Krystufek, Ferdinand Bego

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The small mammal composition in the diet of barn owls from the Drinos River valley, southern Albania, was studied over the period of 1 year (September 2010-September 2011). A total of 662 pellets was collected and analyzed, and 1951 prey items were identified. Fourteen different small mammal species were identified (5 insectivores and 9 rodents), among which Microtus thomasi (frequency, F = 32.9%; biomass, B = 45.5%), Crocidura suaveolens (F = 23.5%; B = 9.4%), and Mus macedonicus (F = 17.8%; B = 16.3%) were the most abundant. In winter, Rattus rattus increased significantly in the consumed prey biomass (18.1%), …

Helminth Fauna Of Neurergus Strauchii (Steindacher, 1888) (Spotted Newt) Collected From Bingöl, Turkey, Mustafa Koyun, Sezen Bi̇rli̇k, Nurhan Sümer, Hi̇kmet Sami̇ Yildirimhan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study was conducted to investigate helminth parasites of spotted newt (Neurergus strauchii) in Bingöl Province in 2010. Twenty-seven spotted newts were collected from a stream in the vicinity of Soğukpınar village located in the Genç district of Bingöl. Two species of helminthes were found from the collected samples. These are Cosmocerca commutata and Aplectana acuminata. This paper is the second study on spotted newt (Neurergus strauchii) in Turkey, but Aplectana acuminata is a new record for the host (N. strauchii) in Turkish helminth fauna.

Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2012, David L. Kreider

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Government Of Western Australia Department Of Fisheries Annual Report 2012/13, Government Of Western Australia Department Of Fisheries

Department of Fisheries Annual Reports

This annual report provides an overview of the Department and its operations for the financial year ended 30 June 2013. It has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Financial Management Act 2006, the Fish Resources Management Act 1994 and the Public Sector Commission’s Annual reporting framework – 2012/13 reporting year.

A Reassessment Of The Conservation Status Of A Critically Endangered Neotropical Frog, Mannophryne Olmonae, Using Occupancy Modeling Techniques, Jessica Mcquigg

Senior Independent Study Theses

Amphibian species worldwide are threatened with decline and extinction, making species monitoring an important scientific endeavor. The Bloody Bay Poison Frog, Mannophryne olmonae, a Tobago island endemic, was identified as critically endangered by the IUCN in 2004. Recent evidence suggests that a less severe conservation status may be appropriate for M. olmonae. This study employs acoustic calling surveys, land-use information, and multi-year (2011 and 2012) occupancy modeling techniques to propose an appropriate conservation status for this species. This study suggests that M. olmonae occupies a larger geographic range than was previously thought, and is not experiencing population declines. …

Seroprevalence Of Brucellosis In Livestock Within Three Endemic Regions Of The Country Of Georgia, Eliso Mamisashvili, Ian T. Kracalik, Tinatin Onashvili, Lela Kerdzevadze, Ketevan Goginashvili, Tamar Tigilauri, Marina Donduashvili, Marina Nikolaishvili, Irma Beradze, Marina Zakareishvili, Maka Kokhreidze, Makvala Gelashvili, Nino Vepkhvadze, S. Elizabeth Rácz, Philip H. Elzer, Mikeljon P. Nikolich, Jason K. Blackburn

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Brucellosis is the one of most common livestock zoonoses in Georgia, resulting in significant economic losses. Livestock were sampled in three regions of Georgia (Kakheti, Kvemo Kartli, Imereti). Districts that historically reported high numbers of brucellosis related morbidity were selected for serological, bacteriological and molecular surveys. Surveying efforts yielded samples from 10,819 large and small ruminants. In total, 735 serological tests were positive on Rose Bengal and 33 bacterial isolates were recovered and identified as Brucella melitensis or Brucella abortus by microbiology and AMOS-PCR. A Bayesian framework was implemented to estimate the true prevalence of the disease given an imperfect …

On The Morphology And Taxonomy Of Griphobilharzia Amoena Platt And Blair, 1991 (Schistosomatoidea), A Dioecious Digenetic Trematode Parasite Of The Freshwater Crocodile, Crocodylus Johnstoni, In Australia [Critical Comment], Thomas R. Platt, Eric P. Hoberg, Leslie A. Chisholm

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Griphobilharzia amoena Platt and Blair, 1991 was originally described was originally described as a dioecious trematode, parasitic in the circulatory system of the Australian freshwater crocodile, Crocodylus johnstoni, with the female completely enclosed in a gynecophoric chamber of the male and the two worms orientated anti-parallel to each other. A recent publication questions the original description, arguing that G. amoena is monoecious and, as a consequence, the species was transferred to Vasotrema Stunkard, 1928 (Spirorchiidae) as Vasotrema amoena n. comb. We provide photomicrographic evidence that the original description of G. amoena is correct and that Griphobilharzia Platt and Blair, …

Worms, Nematoda, Scott Lyell Gardner

Scott L. Gardner Publications

Nematodes are the most speciose phylum of metazoa on earth. Not only do they occur in huge numbers as parasites of all known animal groups, but also they are found in the soils, as parasites of plants, and in large numbers in the most extreme environments, from the Antarctic dry valleys to the benthos of the ocean. They are extremely variable in their morphological characteristics, with each group showing morphological adapta­tions to the environment that they inhabit. Soil-dwelling forms are extremely small; many marine species have long and complex setae; and parasitic species man­ifest amazingly great reproductive potential and large …

A New Species Of Metathelazia (Nematoda: Pneumospiruridae) From The Lungs Of A Nine-Banded Armadillo In Central Mexico = Especie Nueva De Metathelazia (Nematoda: Pneumospiruridae) De Los Pulmones De Un Armadillo Del Centro De México, F. Agustín Jiménez-Ruiz, Rogelio Rosas-Valdez, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Twenty-four worms were collected from the bronchioles in both lungs of a male nine-banded armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus Linnaeus, 1758 captured in Teacalco, Morelos, Mexico. The worms, herein named Metathelazia mexicana n. sp., show a constriction in the esophagus at the level of the nerve ring; males of the species have 7 pairs of papillae, fewer than the other species in the genus. Metathelazia capsulata is the most similar species to Metathelazia mexicana; however, the latter has much shorter spicules. This is the fourth species in the genus known to occur in the New World.

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Reliability And Precision Of Pellet-Group Counts For Estimating Landscape-Level Deer Density, David Decalesta

Human–Wildlife Interactions

This study provides hitherto unavailable methodology for reliably and precisely estimating deer density within forested landscapes, enabling quantitative rather than qualitative deer management. Reliability and precision of the deer pellet-group technique were evaluated in 1 small and 2 large forested landscapes. Density estimates, adjusted to reflect deer harvest and overwinter mortality, were compared with a drive count on the small landscape and with aerial counts using forward-looking infrared videography (FLIR) on the large landscapes. Estimates by 2 expert and 2 novice counters (range = 17.6 to 18.6 deer/km²) on the small landscape were not different from each other …

Keys To Managing A Successful Archery Deer Hunt In An Urban Community: A Case Study, Chad M. Stewart, Bruce Keller, Chad R. Williamson

Human–Wildlife Interactions

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations can expand greatly in suburban areas where hunting is limited or prohibited. Incorporating a hunting program for management purposes is often unfeasible due to property parcelization and varying opinions on deer management within each community. We present the case of Hidden Valley Lake, Indiana (707 ha), whose deer population was effectively reduced by archery hunting within a dense human population. Prior to implementing a managed archery program, deer density estimates exceeded 60 deer/km². After the first year of the managed archery hunt, where 230 deer (~36 deer/km²) were removed, …