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2008

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Articles 361 - 390 of 741

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Effects Of Summer Climatic Conditions On Body Temperature In Beef Cows, Darci A. Mcgee, Richard J. Rasby, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Terry L. Mader Jan 2008

Effects Of Summer Climatic Conditions On Body Temperature In Beef Cows, Darci A. Mcgee, Richard J. Rasby, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Terry L. Mader

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Tympanic and vaginal temperature logging devices were used to collect internal body temperature in three trials using mature nonpregnant beef cows. A model was developed to predict daily patterns for internal body temperature of a cow as a function of ambient temperature. Panting scores were recorded and differed across days as cows experienced changes in ambient temperature and humidity. Vaginal and tympanic temperatures were positively correlated, thus tympanic temperature may be used to predict internal body temperature of cows.

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Supplementing Beef Cows Grazing Cornstalk Residue With A Distillers Based Cube, Zachary Hall, Richard J. Rasby, Mark Dragastin Jan 2008

Supplementing Beef Cows Grazing Cornstalk Residue With A Distillers Based Cube, Zachary Hall, Richard J. Rasby, Mark Dragastin

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A 4-year study is being conducted to determine the effect of excess undegrad¬able intake protein supplementation using a cube that is 2/3 dried distillers grains (DDG) to beef cows in late gesta¬tion on cow and calf performance and the performance of heifer calves whose dams were supplemented with protein. Feeding a supplement containing DDG did not influence calf birth and wean¬ing weights, cow body weight prior to calving, and calving interval. Cow body condition score and percentage of cows cyclic prior to breeding increased for supplemented cows.

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Comparison Of Crude Protein And Digestibility Of Diets Of Grazing Cattle At Different Sandhills Range Sites, Bobbi Gene Geisert, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams, Jacqueline A. Musgrave, John Maddux Jan 2008

Comparison Of Crude Protein And Digestibility Of Diets Of Grazing Cattle At Different Sandhills Range Sites, Bobbi Gene Geisert, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams, Jacqueline A. Musgrave, John Maddux

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Diet samples were collected May through September (2003) and May through November (2004) using esophageally fistulated cows at ranches in the Sandhills and southwest Nebraska. Differences in CP between the two locations were significant. Diets collected in May and June had higher CP (P = 0.04) than those collected in August through November. No interactions were detected between year and location in diet digestibility and diet digestibility was similar for southwest Nebraska and Sandhills diets.

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Dried Distillers Grains Supplementation To Yearling Cattle Grazing Smooth Bromegrass: Response And Performance Profile Summary, Matthew A. Greenquist, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Matt K. Luebbe Jan 2008

Dried Distillers Grains Supplementation To Yearling Cattle Grazing Smooth Bromegrass: Response And Performance Profile Summary, Matthew A. Greenquist, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Matt K. Luebbe

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Four years of data were summarized to evaluate yearling performance on smooth bromegrass when supplemented with dried distillers grains (DDG). On average cattle were supplemented 0.525% of BW daily with DDG for the entire grazing period (84 to 156 days). Daily gains were increased 0.55 lb/day for the entire grazing season. Performance from the last two years of data show a quadratic decrease in ADG as grazing days increase and forage quality decreases for both the supplemented and nonsupplemented cattle. The response to DDG supplementation increases with increasing grazing days.

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Forage Quality And Grazing Performance Of Beef Cattle Grazing Brown Mid-Rib Grain Sorghum Residue, Andrea K. Schwarz, Corineah M. Godsey, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Robert B. Mitchell, Jeffrey F. Pedersen Jan 2008

Forage Quality And Grazing Performance Of Beef Cattle Grazing Brown Mid-Rib Grain Sorghum Residue, Andrea K. Schwarz, Corineah M. Godsey, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Robert B. Mitchell, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The control (CON) grain sorghum hybrid AWheatland x RTx430 and its near-isogenic brown midrib counterpart (BRM) containing the gene bmr-12, were used in a 72-day residue grazing experiment. Grain yield averaged 119 bu/ac and was not affected by treatment. ADG was increased from 0.75 lb in CON to 1.23 lb in BMR treatments over the grazing period. NDF digestibility increased 6%-12% units in leaf fractions in BMR over CON. NDF digestibility decreased 2%-12% units over the 72-day grazing period for both hybrids. Similarly, NDF digestibility of stem fraction increased 14%-19% units in BMR over CON. NDF digestibility of the stem …

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Meta-Analysis Of Unl Feedlot Trials Replacing Corn With Wcgf, Virgil R. Bremer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein Jan 2008

Meta-Analysis Of Unl Feedlot Trials Replacing Corn With Wcgf, Virgil R. Bremer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A meta-analysis of UNL feedlot trials was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing dry-rolled or high-moisture corn with wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) on feedlot cattle performance and carcass characteristics. The feeding value of WCGF was dependent on ratio of steep to corn bran of the WCGF. The performance of cattle fed WCGF composed of wet bran and steep was similar to corn fed cattle. Feeding and carcass performance of cattle fed WCGF composed of dry bran, steep, and germ improved linearly as dietary inclusion increased.

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Effect Of Inclusion Level Of Modified Distillers Grains Plus Solubles In Finishing Steers, Taia J. Huls, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein Jan 2008

Effect Of Inclusion Level Of Modified Distillers Grains Plus Solubles In Finishing Steers, Taia J. Huls, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Modified distillers grains plus solubles (MDGS) was fed at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% of the diet (DM basis) replacing dry rolled corn and high moisture corn. The feeding value of MDGS is 123% to 109% the value of corn as MDGS inclusion increases from 10% to 50% (DM basis). Except for hot carcass weight and calculated yield grade no differences in carcass characteristics were observed between treatments. Finishing diets including MDGS may be fed up to 50% of diet DM; however, optimal performance is likely between 20% to 40% of the diet DM.

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Effects Of Corn Processing And Wet Distillers Grains On Nutrient Metabolism, Mark E. Corrigan, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Nathan F. Meyer Jan 2008

Effects Of Corn Processing And Wet Distillers Grains On Nutrient Metabolism, Mark E. Corrigan, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Nathan F. Meyer

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Seven ruminally cannulated steers were used in a metabolism experiment to determine the effects of distillers grains level (0% or 40% of diet DM) on diet digestibility and rumen metabolism in diets consisting of dry-rolled, high-moisture, or steam-flaked corn. Intakes were greater while digestibility was reduced for DM and organic matter in steers fed 40% compared to 0% distillers grains. Average and maximum pH were less for steers fed 40% distillers grains, but pH change and variance were also less for 40% compared to 0% WDGS. Feeding WDGS does not increase rumen pH, but does decrease variance. Starch intakes were …

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Effect Of Distillers Grains Fat Level On Digestibility, Mark E. Corrigan, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Nathan F. Meyer Jan 2008

Effect Of Distillers Grains Fat Level On Digestibility, Mark E. Corrigan, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Nathan F. Meyer

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Four steers were used in a three-period switchback design to determine effects of dry distillers grains fat level on digestibility. Forage based diets were supplemented with distillers grains with differing fat levels (6.9% or 13.3 % dry matter). Intake and digestibility of DM and organic matter did not differ between treatments. Neutral detergent fiber intake was less and digestibility tended to be less in steers supplemented with high fat distillers grains. Differences in fiber type and intake as well as fat intake may be responsible for the small difference in neutral detergent fiber digestibility.

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Cattle Code: An Economic Model For Determining Byproduct Returns For Feedlot Cattle, Crystal D. Buckner, Virgil R. Bremer, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Darrell R. Mark Jan 2008

Cattle Code: An Economic Model For Determining Byproduct Returns For Feedlot Cattle, Crystal D. Buckner, Virgil R. Bremer, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Darrell R. Mark

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cattle CODE — Coproduct Optimizer Decision Evaluator — is a model developed to predict performance and economic returns when byproducts are fed to finishing cattle. Four scenarios were evaluated to illustrate how the model works and to show sensitivity to corn price and distance from the ethanol plant, which resulted in positive returns for feeding WDGS, Sweet Bran, or DDGS up to 50% of diet DM and under 100 miles distance from the ethanol plant to the feedlot.

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Nutrient Mass Balance And Performance Of Feedlot Cattle Fed Wet Distillers Grains, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Matthew A. Greenquist Jan 2008

Nutrient Mass Balance And Performance Of Feedlot Cattle Fed Wet Distillers Grains, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Matthew A. Greenquist

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of three dietary inclusions (0%, 15%, and 30%, DM basis) of wet distillers grain plus solubles (WDGS) on feedlot performance and nutrient mass balance in open feedlots. Replacing corn with WDGS increased ADG response and HCW in both experiments. Feeding WDGS balanced for MP (15%) or in excess of requirements (30%) resulted in more OM in the manure but only more manure N in the winter experiment. Percentage N loss was not different among WDGS level but the amount of N lost was increased when WDGS were fed due to greater N excretion …

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Aerobic Composting Or Anaerobic Stockpiling Of Feedlot Manure, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Matthew A. Greenquist Jan 2008

Aerobic Composting Or Anaerobic Stockpiling Of Feedlot Manure, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Matthew A. Greenquist

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two manure management and storage methods, manure stockpiled anaerobically or composted aerobically for 104 days were evaluated. Nitrogen recovery was 85.7% and 56.4% for stockpiled and composted manure, respectively. Organic nitrogen concentrations were greater for composted manure while ammonium nitrogen concentrations were greater for stockpiled manure. Simulation of hot, dry conditions during field application indicated the amount of ammonia nitrogen lost from stock¬piled manure was not great enough to offset the total nitrogen recovery advantage of this method. When evaluated on a nutrient basis, stockpiled manure has greater value as a fertilizer compared with composted manure in this study.

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Effects Of Distillers Grains And Manure Management On Nutrient Management Plans And Economics, Virgil R. Bremer, Richard K. Koelsch, Raymond E. Massey, Galen E. Erickson Jan 2008

Effects Of Distillers Grains And Manure Management On Nutrient Management Plans And Economics, Virgil R. Bremer, Richard K. Koelsch, Raymond E. Massey, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Feed Nutrient Management Plan Economics software (FNMP$; Koelsch et al., 2007; available at http://cnmp.unl.edu under software resources) was used to evaluate the effect of distillers grains inclusion and manure application rate on feedlot nutrient management plans. Inclusion of distillers grains in diets resulted in greater nutrient excretion, land requirements, and manure hauling distances. However, the increased cost of manure management from feeding byproducts has the potential to be offset by increased manure fertilizer value. Changing from N-based to a P-based application rate increased the amount of land required and costs to apply manure. However, when manure was applied at a …

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Total And Water Soluble Phosphorus Content Of Feedlot Cattle Feces And Manure, Virgil R. Bremer, Crystal D. Buckner, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein Jan 2008

Total And Water Soluble Phosphorus Content Of Feedlot Cattle Feces And Manure, Virgil R. Bremer, Crystal D. Buckner, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The percentage of feedlot feces and manure P that is water soluble was 41% (not accounting for additional soluble P from urine) and 24% respectively. The interaction of feces and urine with minerals and metals reduced the water solubility of P in feedlot manure relative to feces. Increasing dietary P level increased manure P concentration and water solubility of manure. Manure P from cattle fed feedlot diets containing 0.30% to 0.50% P was 28% water soluble P. The water solubility of P in feedlot feces and manure is an indicator of the potential for P runoff from feedlots and fields …

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Climate Conditions In Bedded Confinement Buildings, Terry L. Mader, Leslie J. Johnson, Sheryl L. Colgan Jan 2008

Climate Conditions In Bedded Confinement Buildings, Terry L. Mader, Leslie J. Johnson, Sheryl L. Colgan

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Climate conditions in bedded feedlot facilities during summer, fall, and winter seasons were measured. Summer season temperatures and THI levels were greatest at the front of the building. In winter, the building (with a curtain) maintained greater temperature, when compared to outside conditions, by decreasing wind speed through the building. Wind speeds through the building were reduced regardless of curtain usage.

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Climate Conditions In Bedded Confinement Buildings, Terry L. Mader, Leslie J. Johnson, Tami Brown-Brandl, John Gaughan Jan 2008

Climate Conditions In Bedded Confinement Buildings, Terry L. Mader, Leslie J. Johnson, Tami Brown-Brandl, John Gaughan

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Confinement buildings are utilized for finishing cattle to allow more efficient collection of animal waste and to buffer animals against adverse climatic conditions. Environmental data were obtained from a 29 m wide x 318 m long, solid floor, bedded confinement building with the long axis oriented east to west. The south side (front) was approximately 8.5 m high and the north (back) side is approximately 5.0 m high with 3.7 m being open (at the top). The opening was closed to within 1.0 m of the top in the winter. In general, low wind speed and/or decreased air movement associated …

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Mating Systems, Copulatory Organ Size, And Scaling Relationship In Mollies (Poecilia Spp.), Martha Divver, Eric T. Schultz Jan 2008

Mating Systems, Copulatory Organ Size, And Scaling Relationship In Mollies (Poecilia Spp.), Martha Divver, Eric T. Schultz

EEB Articles

Copulatory organs rapidly evolve and are subject to complex selective pressures affecting mating success. One feature of copulatory organs that is subject to such selective pressures is size. Benefits of longer organs may include greater signal effectiveness in courtship and longer ‘reach’ when attempting copulations with evasive females. Costs of longer organs may include impaired locomotion, increased energetic cost or reduced mechanical compatibility with female genitalia. The optimal size for a copulatory organ may vary with mating behavior. The objective of this study is to examine among-species variability in copulatory organ size, body size and the relationship between copulatory organ …

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Influence Of Corn Hybrid, Kernel Traits, And Growing Location On Digestibility, Flint W. Harrelson, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, David S. Jackson, Wayne A. Fithian Jan 2008

Influence Of Corn Hybrid, Kernel Traits, And Growing Location On Digestibility, Flint W. Harrelson, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, David S. Jackson, Wayne A. Fithian

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

One hundred thirty-two commercially available corn hybrids, grown in 2 field replications within three locations, were evaluated for effects of corn hybrid, kernel traits and growing location on digestibility. A significant hybrid by location interaction was observed for most kernel traits. There is potential to select hybrids for DM digestibility, but digestibility shows no consistent relationship with other kernel traits.

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Sampling Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles To Determine Nutrient Variability, Crystal D. Buckner, Sarah J. Vanness, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Joshua R. Benton Jan 2008

Sampling Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles To Determine Nutrient Variability, Crystal D. Buckner, Sarah J. Vanness, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Joshua R. Benton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Dry matter, protein, fat, phosphorus, and sulfur were measured on 100 wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) samples per ethanol plant (6 plants total) with 10 samples/day, 5 consecutive days, and 2 separate months (periods). Coefficients of variation were 1.5% to 4.5% for DM within plant. Fat in WDGS averaged 11.8% and ranged from 10.7% to 13.1% across plants, with ranges of 2 to 5 percentage units within plant. Coefficients of variation were 5% to 8% and as great as 36% within plant for sulfur. The variation in protein and phosphorus were minimal.

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Lakes And Forests As Determinants Of Downstream Nutrient Concentrations In Small Mountain Watersheds, P. D. Brown, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, K. Nydick Jan 2008

Lakes And Forests As Determinants Of Downstream Nutrient Concentrations In Small Mountain Watersheds, P. D. Brown, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, K. Nydick

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Lakes are dynamic processors of nutrients and may hold an active role in modifying the water chemistry of stream systems. In this study, we examine the influence of lakes and an important terrestrial component—forest cover—on the nutrient levels of stream water in 11 Rocky Mountain (Idaho) watersheds. Water samples were collected from the inflow and outflow of lakes with varying amounts of upstream lakes and forested area during spring runoff and summer base flow. During base flow, mean total nitrogen concentrations at the inflow of final lakes were significantly related to relative upstream lake area, increasing from 34 to 103 …

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Geographic Distribution: Sphaerodactylus Elegans Elegans (Ashy Gecko). Usa: Florida: Broward Co., Louis A. Somma, Kenneth L. Krysko Jan 2008

Geographic Distribution: Sphaerodactylus Elegans Elegans (Ashy Gecko). Usa: Florida: Broward Co., Louis A. Somma, Kenneth L. Krysko

Papers in Herpetology

FLORIDA: BROWARD County: Pembroke Pines: 1031 NW 93rd Ave (26.0168833°N, 80.2695694°W; WGS84; elev. <1 >m). October 27, 2007. Collected by Lisa A. Charlton. Verified by F. Wayne King, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida. One neonate captured in Jackson sticky trap set to sample insects in an alee tree (Blighia sapida). UF 152418. New county record. Originally turned in to Division of Plant Industry (DPI), Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, Florida, on October 31, 2007; Entomology Log No. 8204. This nonindigenous gecko was flrst reported from Key West, Monroe County, Florida, more than 85 …

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Performance And Economics Of Two Calf Wintering Systems, William A. Griffin, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson Jan 2008

Performance And Economics Of Two Calf Wintering Systems, William A. Griffin, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two wintering systems, cornstalk grazing plus 5 lb/head/day of wet corn gluten feed and cornstalk grazing followed by dry lot where steers were fed hay and supplemented 5 lb/head/day of wet corn gluten feed were evaluated. There were no differences in daily gain, or final body weight for either system. While there were no statistical differences in cost of gain, break-even, or profitability, economics numerically favored steers grazing cornstalks alone.

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The Cattle Price Cycle: Revisited Again, Matthew C. Stockton, Roger K. Wilson, Leslie Aaron Stalker Jan 2008

The Cattle Price Cycle: Revisited Again, Matthew C. Stockton, Roger K. Wilson, Leslie Aaron Stalker

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

New analyses and statistical techniques were applied to historical data to determine if time, changes in production technology, and business structure changes in the sector had altered the length of the cattle price cycle. Most recent work has been done the cattle inventory cycle. The price cycle was shown to be remarkably constant, despite many changes in the industry. Feeder cattle prices have continued to follow an approximate 10-year cycle. The model demonstrates the consistency of the cycle but shows that unexplained price variations occur suggesting caution be employed when it is used as a marketing guide.

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Evaluation Of Calf-Fed And Long Yearling Production With Increasing Corn Price, William A. Griffin, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Darrell R. Mark Jan 2008

Evaluation Of Calf-Fed And Long Yearling Production With Increasing Corn Price, William A. Griffin, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Darrell R. Mark

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

An economic comparison of calf-fed and long-yearling production was conducted to determine the impact of increasing corn price on steer profitability. Corn prices of $2.50, $3.50, and $4.50/bu were used. With increasing corn price, feeder prices were assumed to decrease which decreased initial cost more for yearlings than calf-feds. Profitability of yearlings versus calf-feds increased $4-6 for each $1/bu increase in corn price.

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Effect Of Backgrounding Gain, Grazing Length And Dry Distillers Grain Consumption On Performance And Carcass Traits Of June Born Cattle, J. Alan Taylor, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams, William A. Griffin Jan 2008

Effect Of Backgrounding Gain, Grazing Length And Dry Distillers Grain Consumption On Performance And Carcass Traits Of June Born Cattle, J. Alan Taylor, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams, William A. Griffin

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

June-born cattle backgrounded at a lower rate during the winter were unable to fully compensate during sum¬mer grazing for restricted gain during backgrounding. Increased gain during backgrounding resulted in cattle being heavier for all market periods. The higher cost associated with increased gain was offset by heavier sale weights. Cattle grazing meadow regrowth had improved feedlot performance and heavier finished weight. Backgrounding cattle grazing winter range supplemented with DDG costs less than backgrounding cattle in a drylot. Supplementing with DDG during summer grazing decreased forage intake and increased gain, with 1.8 lb/head/day being more cost effective than 5 lb/head/day.

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Vaccination For Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Feedlot Cattle, Rodney A. Moxley, David R. Smith, Karen Hansen, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Dragan Rogan Jan 2008

Vaccination For Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Feedlot Cattle, Rodney A. Moxley, David R. Smith, Karen Hansen, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Dragan Rogan

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A clinical trial conducted during the summer of 2006 evaluated the effects of two- and three-dose regimens of an Escherichia coli O157 vaccine product on the probability of detecting E. coli O157:H7 in feces and on colonization of the terminal rectum. The three-dose regimen significantly reduced the probability for cattle to shed E. coli O157:H7 in feces by 63% compared to placebo treated cattle. A dose-effect was demonstrated because a two-dose regimen of the vaccine product was intermediate in effect. These results are consistent with previous estimates of vaccine efficacy against fecal shedding and agree with our previous finding that …

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Factors That Influence Consumers’ Overall Sensory Acceptance Of Strip Steaks, Jennie M. Hodgen, Bethany M. Johnston, Blaine E. Jenschke, Kent M. Eskridge, Chris R. Calkins Jan 2008

Factors That Influence Consumers’ Overall Sensory Acceptance Of Strip Steaks, Jennie M. Hodgen, Bethany M. Johnston, Blaine E. Jenschke, Kent M. Eskridge, Chris R. Calkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Multivariate analysis was used to determine demographic, knowledge, habits, and sensory preferences that influence a consumer’s opinion about the acceptability of strip steaks from corn-fed, barley-fed, and grass-fed beef. Even with all the additional information, most consumers’ final opinions about specific types of steaks are based on how they perceive the flavor, tenderness, and juiciness of the beef.

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Mapping Tenderness Of The Serratus Ventralis, Lauren M. Grimes, Chris R. Calkins Jan 2008

Mapping Tenderness Of The Serratus Ventralis, Lauren M. Grimes, Chris R. Calkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Serratus ventralis muscles from eight USDA Choice and eight Select carcasses were obtained. Samples were enhanced with a marination or left as controls, then blade tenderized once as whole muscles and cut into steaks. Enhanced steaks were then blade tenderized individually. Odd-numbered steaks were cooked, cored, and sheared for Warner-Bratzler (WBS) shear force determination. Tenderness was found to vary sporadically throughout the muscle with the posterior end being the most tender, regardless of grade. Enhanced samples produced lower WBS values than controls. The serratus ventralis does respond to enhancement techniques, and steaks could especially be fabricated from the posterior end.

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Analysis Of Veal Shoulder Muscles For Chemical Attributes, Gary A. Sullivan, Chris R. Calkins, D. Dwain Johnson, Brian G. Sap Jan 2008

Analysis Of Veal Shoulder Muscles For Chemical Attributes, Gary A. Sullivan, Chris R. Calkins, D. Dwain Johnson, Brian G. Sap

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The value of wholesale veal cuts varies; the rack, loin, and leg demand a premium price, while the shoulder brings little more per pound than the live animal. This study characterized the chemical properties of muscles from the veal shoulder for the potential to upgrade their value. The m. infraspinatus and m. rhomboideus fell in the intermediate or desirable groups for all traits. All nine muscles show promise in the ability to increase value.

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Tenderness, Sensory, And Color Attributes Of Two Muscles From The Beef Knuckle, Blaine E. Jenschke, Brittni J. Swedberg, Chris R. Calkins Jan 2008

Tenderness, Sensory, And Color Attributes Of Two Muscles From The Beef Knuckle, Blaine E. Jenschke, Brittni J. Swedberg, Chris R. Calkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Twelve USDA Choice and twelve USDA Select quadriceps muscles were fabricated traditionally or the seams it shares with the top and bottom round were separated pre-rigor to test the effect of pre-fabrication on tenderness, sensory, and color. Results from this study indicated treatment had minimal effects on quality attributes. The proximal portions of the knuckle were more tender, lighter in color, and more red when compared to the distal portions, although all were reasonably tender. Pre-fabrication can be conducted without detriment to product quality.

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