Animal Sciences Commons^™

The Investigation On The Effects Of Some Chemicals Used To Control Varroa Jacobsoni In Turkey, Ulvi̇ye Kumova

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of fluvalinate (on wooden bars), amitraz (on paper strips) and coumaphos (liquid) against Varroa jacobsoni in honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies. This research was carried out on 24 A. mellifera colonies in the Çukurova region in spring 1998. The colony strength, the area of sealed brood and the rate of infections were evaluated before and after the chemical applications. The level of varroa contamination for each colony was determined on 200 brood bees at the pupa stage and on 150-200 adult bees. After the application, dead fallen and alive drugged …

Fermented Cyprinus Carpio L . Sausage, Ali̇ Arslan, Ahmet H. Di̇nçoğlu, Zafer Gönülalan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to investigate the appropriateness of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) meat in the making of fermented sausage. Carp were obtained from Keban Dam Lake. Four groups of sausages were produced. The first group was made from carp meat alone, the second from mixtures of 67% carp meat and 33% red meat, the third from mixture of 50% carp meat and 50% red meat and the fourth from mixtures of 33% carp meat and 67% red meat. Samples of sausage were analysed for sensory properties, and microbiological and chemical characteristics on day 1 of production and days …

Studies On The Possibility Of Improving Lamb Production By Two-Way And Three-Way Crossbreeding With German Black-Headed Mutton, Kıvırcık And Chios Sheep Breeds 1. Fertility, Lamb Survival And Growth Of Lambs, Mustafa Özcan, Ahmet Altinel, Alper Yilmaz, Hali̇l Güneş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to compare the fertility of ewes and the survival and growth traits of lambs which were produced by two-way and three-way crossbreeding with Kıvırcık sheep, the predominant breed in the Marmara region, Chios sheep, the most prolific breed in the region and German Black-Headed Mutton (GBM), the mutton breed which exhibits the best adaptation to the environmental conditions of the region. In the study, it was determined that the fertility of the Kıvırcık, GBM x Kıvırcık and GBM x F_1 (Chios x Kıvırcık) genotypes were 76.66%, 81.13% and 85.29% for pregnancy and birth rates; …

Studies On The Possibility Of Improving Lamb Production By Two-Way And Three-Way Crossbreeding With German Black-Headed Mutton, Kıvırcık And Chios Sheep Breeds 2. Fattening And Carcass Characteristics Of Lambs, Mustafa Özcan, Ahmet Altinel, Alper Yilmaz, Vedat Akgündüz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to compare the fattening and carcass traits of lambs which were produced by two-way and three-way crossbreeding studies with Kıvırcık sheep, the predominant breed in the Marmara region, Chios sheep, the most prolific breed in the region and German Black-Headed Mutton (GBM) which has been found to be the mutton breed which exhibits the best adaptation to the environmental conditions of the Marmara region. It was determined that two-way and three-way crossbred lambs were similar with regard to fattening and carcass traits, and both showed better performance than Kıvırcık lambs. The crossbred lambs exhibited …

A Study On Cellulolytic And Hemicellulolytic Enzymes Of Anaerobic Rumen Bacterium Ruminococcus Flavefaciens Strain 17, Mehmet Sai̇t Eki̇nci̇, Numan Özcan, Emi̇n Özköse, Harry J. Flint

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Polysaccharide-degrading enzymes of the anaerobic rumen bacterium Ruminococcus flavefaciens strain 17 were exmined. This work demonstrated that R. flavefaciens strain 17 produces a complex array of enzymes active against cellulose, hemicellulose (xylan) and lignin. These enzymes are xylanase, avicellase, acid-swollen cellulase, carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase), pNP-cellobiosidase (pNPC), pNP-glucopyranosidase (pNPG), pNP-xylopyranosidase (pNPX) and pNP-arabinofuranosidase (pNPA). Although R. flavefaciens is an anaerobic bacterium, its enzymes worked optimally under aerobic conditions and with dithiothreitol (DTT), except in the case of pNP-xylopyranosidase. pNP-xylopyranosidase exhibited a higher level of activity under anaerobic conditions with DTT. It was demonstrated that the cross-links between arabinose side chains, which …

Effect Of Czb Medium On The Two Cell Block Of Preimplantation Mouse Emryos, Haydar Bağiş, Levent Keski̇ntepe, Hande Odaman Mercan, Hakan Sağirkaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This experiment was designed to determine the effects of CZB medium on in vitro culture of murine embryos obtained from FVB/N, CD-1, and CB6F1 strains. Pronuclear stage embryos were recovered from superovulated and mated females 17 h post-hCG. Two-cell stage block, morula and blastocyst stages were used as the end point of the experiments. There is no statistical difference among strains and media for the development to the two-cell stage. However, more FVB/N embryos (88.3 and 82.4%) than CD-1 (57.4 and 57.1%) and CB6F1 (69.8 and 28.9%) reached the 3-8 cell stage in CZB and M16 media, respectively. CB6F1 embryos …

Blood Serum Concentrations Of Selenium And Glutathione Peroxidase Activity In Akkaraman Sheep, Taner Pamukçu, Tevhi̇de Sel, Gül Yarim

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Selenium and other essential elements play an important role in animal husbandry. These elements help to minimize infectious diseases, reduce concomitant stresses and bring about optimal productive and reproductive performance. The mean serum selenium concentration of the sheep sampled in this study was 303.65 ng/ml. Such values are considered to be indicative of adequate dietary supplementation. Serum glutathione peroxidase activity in the sheep sampled in this study was also analysed, and the mean glutathione peroxidase activity was 3.65 nmolNADPH+H+/min/mg protein. It is recommended that producers monitor the selenium in serum in order to maintain adequate nutrition and performance in sheep.

The Effects Of Supplemental Anionic Salts And Probiotic In Prepartum Diets On Milk Production And Quality And Incidence Of Milk Fever In Dairy Cows, Neşe Kocabağli, Recep Kahraman, İsmai̇l Abaş, Hüseyi̇n Eseceli̇, Müjdat Alp

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The nutritional effects of supplementing the diets of dairy cows during the dry period with anionic salts and probiotic, on some blood parameters, milk production and composition and the development of milk fever, were evaluated in 20 Holstein cattle (>3^rd lactation). Diets were composed of a mixture of hay (70%) and commercial concentrate (30%) with and without supplemental anionic salts. These diets were given to cows during the 3 weeks prior to calving. Cows in the probiotic group also received 5g/day probiotic orally during this period. The cation/ anion balances of the diets were determined to be -67.77 and …

Macroanatomical And Morphometric Investigation On The Maxillary Vein In Rabbits, Rifat Mutuş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Fifteen New Zealand rabbits were used in this study. Buffered saline solution was given through the common carotid artery to remove the blood from the cranial veins. The jugular vein was ligated prior to giving blue latex to 10 rabbits and blue Batson's No. 17 to 5 rabbits through the maxillary vein. Rabbits were left for 24 hours in order to let the latex harden and then they were transferred to 10% formaldehyde solution and dissected. Rabbits that were injected with Batson's No17 were kept in 33% KOH solution for 48 hours and corrosion casts were prepared. The diameters of …

Effects Of Supplemental Dietary Chromium On Yield And Nutrient Digestibility Of Laying Hens Under Low Temperature, Kazim Şahi̇n, O. Ni̇hat Ertaş, Talat Güler, Mehmet Çi̇ftçi̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to determine the effects of chromium picolinate (CrPi) added into diet containing 710.3 ppb chromium on yield and nutrient digestibility of laying hens at low temperature. Forty-six-week-old laying hens were randomly assigned to four groups of 30 hens per group. Treatment groups were fed different supplemental dietary chromium levels. Thus, hens were fed diets with no supplemental chromium (Control Group), 100 ppb of supplemental chromium (100 Group), 200 ppb of supplemental chromium (200 Group) and 400 ppb of supplemental chromium (400 Group). Diet chromium concentration was detected by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy. Body weight, feed …

Diagnosis Of Lymphoid Leukosis (Ll) By Elisa (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) And Marek's Disease (Md) By If (Immunofluorescence) Test In Chickens, Selda Özbi̇lgi̇n, Ayşi̇n Şen, Mi̇hri̇ban Ülgen, K. Tayfun Çarli, Gürsel Sönmez, Özlem Özmen

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, our aim was to diagnose lymphoid leukosis and Marek's disease, which are neoplastic diseases of chickens, by ELISA and Indirect Immunofluorescence Test (IIF), respectively. Samples (eggs and tissues) were selectively taken from the flocks suspected of having lymphoid leukosis and Marek's disease. The tissues were macroscopically and microscopically examined. Tissues belonging to some flocks showed typical lesions for lymphoid leukosis and Marek's disease. Seven broiler breede flocks and three commercial layer flocks were tested for avian leukosis virus (ALV) group specific antigen (p27) in the albumen. ALV p27 antigen was detected in five out of ten flocks. …

Cloning Of Bacillus Subtilis Rskk243 Bifunctional Xylanase Gene In E. Coli And B. Subtilis And Enzyme Characterization, Bahri̇ Devri̇m Özcan, Numan Özcan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A bifunctional gene xylanase of B. subtilis RSKK243 encoding detectable beta(1,4) glucanase (CMCase) activity in addition to a high level of main xylanase activity was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli with pUC18 plasmid and in various Bacillus subtilis strains with pUB110 vector. For enzymatic analysis and plasmid isolation, the gene was also expressed in xylanase and beta glucanase negative B.subtilis YB886 strain with pUB110 vector. The pUB110 with bifunctional xylanase gene was transferred into B. subtilis RSKK243 for maximizing the enzyme yield, as well as into other RSKK strains to create novel strains with multiple enzyme capacities. Recombinant strains …

Effects Of Copper Sulphate Administration To Pregnant Sheep On Some Mineral Levels In Blood Sera Of Sheep And Lambs, And Birth Weight Of Lambs, İbrahi̇m Çi̇mtay, Teki̇n Şahi̇n, Ali̇ Ölçücü, Gürbüz Aksoy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, copper sulphate was administered during the last period of pregnancy to sheep in the Şanlıurfa region in which enzootic ataxia was encountered in the past. The objectives of this study were to search the effect of copper sulphate administration on some mineral levels (copper, zinc, iron, calcium and magnesium) in blood serum of pregnant sheep and their lambs, and birth weight of lambs. This study was performed on 35 pregnant sheep (control group: 15, experimental group: 20). In the experimental group, copper sulphate (2% solution) was administered orally at sixth and fourth weeks before birth at 2 …

Effects Of Copper Sulphate Administration On Body Weight Gain And Some Blood Parameters In Lambs, Teki̇n Şahi̇n, İbrahi̇m Çi̇mtay, Gürbüz Aksoy, Ali̇ Ölçücü

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of copper sulphate administration on body weight gain and some biochemical, haematological parameters in lambs which had serum copper levels at subclinical values. This study was performed on 30 Ivesi male lambs (control group: 12, experimental group: 18), aged with 15-20 days. In the experimental group, 100 mg copper sulphate (1% solution) was administered orally four times (with periods of two weeks). Blood samples were collected on 0, 14, 28, 42, 56th days and body weight of lambs was determined. Copper administration caused significant increases in weight gain, haemoglobin and …

The Effect Of Genotype On The Antioxidative Metabolism In Angora Goats, Ulvi̇ Reha Fi̇danci, Fügen Turgay, Seda Zengi̇n, Funda Kargin, Sefa Çeli̇k, Umut Taşdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, lipid peroxidation, intracellular, membrane and extracellular antioxidant activities in Turkish Angora goats (Genotype I) and American x Turkish crossbred Angora goats (Genotype II) were investigated, in order to show the effects of genotype on the antioxidative metabolism. Plasma malonlydialdehyde (MDA) levels of Angora goats in different genotype were analyzed to show the effects of free radicals. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in hemolysates of erythrocytes were analyzed as intracellular antioxidants, \beta-carotene in serum as membrane antioxidants and ascorbic acid in plasma, albumin, total bilirubin, glucose, uric acid and ceruloplasmine in serum as …

Photoinactivation Of Buffalo Liver And Kidney Tissue Arginases And Its Kinetic Properties, Necmi̇ Özdemi̇r, Mehtap Özçeli̇k

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Exposure of buffalo liver and kidney tissue arginases to a 150 w light source from a distance of 8-10 cm, in the presence of 0.05mM methylene blue, caused significant inhibition of arginase activity. It was determined that this inhibition occurred differently in liver and kidney tissues. Arginase activity was spectrophotometrically measured using the Thiosemicarbazide diacetyl-monoxime urea (TDMU) method. Following preincubation with MnCl_2, exposure to a 150 w light source and the addition of methylene blue, the activity of arginase was found to be lower than that after preincubation with a 150 w light source and methylene blue and the addition …

A Study On Some Production Traits And Egg Quality Characteristics Of Japanese Quail, Ahmet Nazligül, Kenan Türkyilmaz, Hüsnü Erbay Bardakçioğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This investigation was carried out to demonstrate some production traits and egg quality characteristics of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). One hundred female quails were used in the study. The experiment was carried out for six months. Egg production, egg weight, feed consumption and some egg quality characteristics were taken into consideration. Egg quality characteristics were measured at 8-24 weeks of age. Average egg production (% HD) at 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 weeks of age was 20.5, 33.8, 63.7, 73.8 and 72.5 respectively. Average egg weight (g) and daily feed consumption (bird/feed/day) at 8, 16 and 24 weeks …

Annual Review Of The World Pheasant Association 2000/2001, World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

President's message, Keith C. R. Howman

Chairman of Trustees' report, Richard P. Howard

Treasurer's annual report and accounts, Ian F. Hoggarth

Conservation Committee report, Philip J. K. McGowan

Strategic Development Committee report

Chapters and Affiliate reports

Pheasant Specialist Group report, Peter J. Garson

Partridge, Quail and Francolin Specialist Group report, John P. Carroll

Grouse Specialist Group report, Ilse Storch

Megapode Specialist Group report, René W. R. J. Dekker and Darryl N. Jones

Cracid Specialist Group report, Daniel M. Brooks

The new Conservation Breeding and Aviculture Group for WPA in the United Kingdom, Garry Robbins, Mike Cook, and Keith Chalmers-Watson

Frontal …

Traversing The Internet For Useful Information, Julie Walker, Kory Bierle

Animal Science Faculty Publications

In the fast pace livestock industry producers are looking for information that can give them an edge in a timely manner. Never before has so much information been at our fingertips. The Internet is an excellent tool that can be used for obtaining good research-based information. The type of information available on the Internet is endless. Daily, weekly and yearly reports such as market reports can be found on free sites as well as private sites. When questions arise the Internet can be a resource finder. In addition, e-mail allows you to communication with individuals on your time schedule. Obtaining …

Yield-Per-Recruit Analysis For Black Drum, Pogonias Cromis, Along The East Coast Of The United States And Management Strategies For Chesapeake Bay, Cynthia M. Jones, Brian K. Wells

OES Faculty Publications

Black drum, Pogonias cromis along the U.S. East Coast is subject to commercial and recreational harvest. However, prior to this study no modeling had been undertaken to examine the potential for overfishing in the Chesapeake Bay region. We present evidence from yield-per-recruit models that growth overfishing of black drum is unlikely under current fishing practices in this region. Particular attention was given to fishing practices in the Chesapeake Bay region where old, large fish predominate in the commercial and recreational catches (mean age=26 years: mean total length=108.4 cm; mean weight 22.1 kg). Yield-per-recruit model results showed that growth overfishing was …

The Importance Of Early Successional Habitats To Rare, Restricted-Range, And Endangered Birds In The Ecuadorian Andes, Mark R. Welford

Earth, Environment & Sustainability: Faculty Publications

Since the mid-1980s, exhausted pastures in Ecuador have been increasingly abandoned, allowing forest regeneration. At approximately 2,200 m in the Tandayapa valley I surveyed four abandoned pastures to evaluate their use by birds. Each former pasture represented a different age of vegetation maturity. The number of bird species recorded in each successively older abandoned pasture increased but only half the number of species recorded in the undisturbed forest site was recorded in the most mature pasture. However, at least four restricted-range bird species were recorded in a single pasture. As pastures rapidly convert to secondary forest, more bird species and …

The Reproductive Biology And Temporal Distribution Of A Great Egret And Nankeen Night Heron Colony At The Perth Zoo, Robyn Phillimore

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

A colony of Great Egrets (Ardea alba) and Nankeen Night Herons (Nycticorax caledonicus) has existed at the Perth Zoo in Metropolitan Perth for over 25 years. The colony is particularly significant for the conservation and management of Great Egrets in Western Australia as it is the only colony located in the Metropolitan area. Baseline information of their breeding biology was needed to facilitate the development of management guidelines for the zoo colony. Foraging behaviour was used to highlight specific adaptations in hunting strategies and diet. However, it was not possible to observe foraging Nankeen Night Herons as they forage at …

The Effect Of The Moon Phase On The Daily Catch Rate Of King, Tiger And Endeavour Prawns In The Shark Bay And Exmouth Gulf Fisheries, Tenniel Harman

Theses : Honours

Two of the major commercial prawn fisheries in Western Australia arc located in Exmouth Gulf and Shark Bay. Prawn fishing is the third most valuable fishing industry in WA, producing an annual income of $62 million. These two fishing regions are considered fully exploited (Fisheries WA Home Page) and careful management is needed to produce and maintain them as sustainable fisheries. The Western Australian Marine Research Laboratories have developed detailed computer models which estimate the stock abundance of the prawn fisheries. This provides information on what sort of restrictions should be made to maintain a stainable fishery. The impact of …

Pathogenicity And Antifeedant Activity Of Entomopathogenic Hyphomycetes To The Cowpea Leaf Beetle, Ootheca Mutabilis Shalberg, S. Ekesi

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Conidial suspensions of four isolates each of Bcauvcria bassiana and Melnrhizhtm anisopliae were evaluated in the laboratory for their virulence to adult Ootlicca mntabilis. All the isolates tested were pathogenic to the beetle, but to varying degrees. Three of them, B. bassiana CPD 3 and CPD10 and M. anisopliae CPD 6 were superior to all other isolates in terms of mortality induced on adult beetle, LT50 and LC50, with B. bnssiana CPD 3 having the lowest LC50 value. In feeding assayi consumption by beetles treated with B. bnssiana CPD 3 was significantly reduced within 2 days treatment (DAT) and the …

Investigations Of Serratia Liquefaciens Infection In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss Walbaum), Seyi̇t Aydin, Zekai̇ Erman, Ömer Cevdet Bi̇lgi̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to investigate Serratia liquefaciens infection in juvenile cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) during June and July in 1996 about 20 days after flooding in three farms in Erzurum. Bacterial isolates were identified from each farm and tested to determine sensitivity against 18 chemotherapeutants. In addition to minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of chloramine-T and potassium permanganate (KmnO4) were exposures of 17.07-20 mg/l for 1 h and 23.27 mg/l for 10 min. Infections caused fallen scales, bloody and swollen kidney, hyperaemic and pale regions in the liver, haemorrhagic spots in the gills and bloody exudate in the …

Investigating The Shelf-Life Of The Anchovy Dish Called 'Hamsikuşu' In Frozen Storage At -18±1ºc, Sevi̇m Köse, Hi̇kmet Karaçam, Sebahatti̇n Kutlu, Muhammet Boran

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

'Hamsikuşu' is a popular anchovy dish of the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. In this study, the shelf-life of this product in frozen storage at -18±1ºC was investigated. Four types of the product were packed and frozen at -35ºC and stored at -18±1ºC. The total bacteria counts, chemical analyses and sensory analysis of the samples were carried out before and at monthly intervals after freezing in order to test the shelf-life and quality. The results showed that the product was edible after three months of frozen storage at -18±1ºC. Therefore, it was concluded that anchovies can be marketed frozen …

Dietary Carbohydrate Level Influencing Feed Intake, Nutrient Utilisation And Plasma Glucose Concentration In The Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss, Ahmet Adem Teki̇nay, Simon John Davies

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A twelve-week nutrition trial was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of different carbohydrate levels on digestibility, feed intake, growth performance, carcass and muscle composition and plasma glucose level in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Three test diets were formulated using extruded wheat meal (15.3, 32.2 and 43.5%) as the carbohydrate source and fed rainbow trout (Initial Body Weight: 33.8 ± 0.46 g.). These were either restricted: LCR (Low Carbohydrate Restricted), MCR (Medium-Carbohydrate-Restricted) and HCR (High-Carbohydrate Restricted); or satiation: LCS (Low-Carbohydrate Satiation), MCS (Medium-Carbohydrate Satiation) and HCS (High-Carbohydrate Satiation) respectively. The aim of applying different feeding regimes was to quantify …

Effects Of Some Dietary Factors On Ruminal Microbial Protein Synthesis, M. Aki̇f Karsli, James R. Russell

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of some dietary factors, other than source and amount of N and carbohydrate, on the amount and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis are discussed in this review. Specifically, these factors include dry matter intake of animals, forage:concentrate ratio of diets, rate of N and carbohydrate degradation, synchronized release of N and energy from diets, rate of passage, and other factors, such as vitamins and minerals. It seemed that diets containing a mixture of forages and concentrates increase the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis because of an improved rumen environment for the growth of more diverse bacteria species.

The Industrial Fluorosis Caused By A Coal-Burning Power Station And Its Effects On Sheep, Ulvi̇ Reha Fi̇danci, Tevhi̇de Sel

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this investigation was to examine the industrial fluorosis caused by the coal burning power station in Muğla-Yatağan. Blood and urine samples of sheep, and water, plant and soil samples from around the power station were collected four times throughout the year to cover all four seasons. Fluoride ion concentrations in the water, urine, plant and soil samples were detected potentiometrically using an ion selective electrode. Serum Alkaline phosphatase (ALP-EC 3.1.3.1), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT-EC 2.6.1.2), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST-EC 2.6.1.1) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-EC 1.1.1.27) enzyme activities were analysed spectrophotometrically using Sigma commercial kits. Significantly higher fluoride ion concentration …

Effects Of Phorbol Myristate Acetate On The Liver: A Biochemical And Ultrastructural Study, Memduha Gülhal Bozkir, Ufuk Ö. Mete, Özkan Oğuz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of free radicals in the liver tissue of 20 mice were studied. The mice, separated into acute and chronic groups, were injected with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) to trigger the release of free radicals. For evaluation of the effects of free radicals, malandialdehyde (MDA) measurement and electron microscopic examination were performed. The results showed that the level of lipid peroxide in the chronic PMA group was significantly higher than it was in the acute PMA group (P