Animal Sciences Commons^™

The Effect Of Predator Chemical Cues And Conspecific Alarm Signals Upon Behavior In Early And Late Developmental Stages Of American Toad (Bufo Americanus) Tadpoles, Carol Lynette Johnson

Masters Theses

The chemosensory capability and subsequent habitat choice of larval American toad (Bufo americanus) tadpoles were quantified using choice of refuge with both early and late developmental stages. Treatments were performed with two tadpole densities to ascertain the effect of social aggregations upon behavior. Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and predaceous diving beetle larvae (Dytiscus sp.) predators were used to condition water. Conspecific tadpoles as well as Southern leopard frog (Rana sphenocephala) tadpoles were used to prepare treatment extracts.

Tadpole density (n=10 and n=20) had no significant effect upon the percentage of tadpoles seeking cover …

Ontogeny, Reproduction, And Population Dynamics Of Stoplephorus Baganensis And Thryssa Kammalensis (Pisces : Engraulididae) In A Malaysian Estuary Sarpedonti, Valerie, Valerie Sarpedonti

Student Works (2000-2009)

Larval ontogeny of Stolephorus baganem:;is and Thryssa kammalensis, comprises three successive phases characterized by: (I) development of swimming appendages, (2) changes in allometric growth of various body parts, and (3) increase in body depth, as well as eye diameter, in the case of S. baganensis. Both anchovy species are multiple spawners, spawning all year round but varying in intensity. Mass spawnings of S bagane11sis start in the first (summer) inter-monsoon period and last for four months. This period is associated with changes in the wind field and increased rainfall, dissolved oxygen and food availability. The presence of mature adults during …

Patterns And Implications Of Aberrant Singing Behaviors Of Black-Capped (Poecile Atricapillus) And Carolina (Poecile Carolinensis) Chickadees In Illinois, Patrick Caesar Enstrom

Masters Theses

I studied the singing behavior of the closely related Black-capped (Poecile atricapillus) and Carolina (Poecile carolinensis) Chickadees along their range interface in central Illinois. These sibling species are parapatrically distributed from the Appalachians through the Midwest to Kansas. Where their ranges do overlap, small hybrid zones form and chickadees in these areas frequently sing aberrant songs. The majority of the songs studied were recorded 17 April-16 July 1999 in fifteen counties throughout central Illinois. I measured 8 frequency and duration characteristics of the first two notes of songs that began with two whistled notes. The averages of these characteristics …

Effects Of Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia Esula) Infestation On Breeding Birds Of The Sheyenne National Grassland, Nd, Daniel M. Scheiman

Masters Theses

Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) is an exotic invasive weed in the northern Great Plains. We examined the effects of leafy spurge infestation on densities and nest success of breeding birds in grasslands on the Sheyenne National Grassland (SNG), ND. We categorized spurge-infested grasslands into three levels of infestation, based on the area covered by spurge patches: (a) low (0-20%), (b) medium (20-60%) and, (c) high (> 60%). We surveyed 60 100-m radius circular plots (20 in each category), and searched for nests in three 16-ha plots (one in each category). There were no statistically significant differences in mean species richness …

State Of The Fisheries Report 1999/2000, J. W. Penn, Fisheries Western Australia

Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

The State of the Fisheries document is designed as an essential supplement to the Annual Report to Parliament and provides a more detailed level of information to support the agency's non-financial performance measures.

By summarising management changes, compliance activities and research data such as landings, effort, catch rates, stock assessment and breeding stock levels, this document provides a valuable reference point for Western Australian fisheries of major importance to the commercial, recreational and aquaculture sectors. Information relevant to Fisheries WA's Fish and Fish Habitat Protection Program is also provided.

The report indicates that overall the major fish stocks which support …

The Effects Of Narrowed Area And Additional Feeding On Some Physiological Characteristics Ofhoney Bee (Apis Mellifera L.) Colonies, Ahmet Güler

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The study was conducted at Alata Horticultural Research institute between 1994 and 1996. The aim of the study was to obtain a strong colony by way of supersedure and empty frames, feeding with saccharose syrup and encouraging egg laying of queen bees at the end of summer. According to the results, there were significant differences among treatments in terms of the development of colony population, brood rearing activity and honey yield. Treatments had no significant effect on wax building activity and swarming tendency.

The Effect Of Amitraz Poisoning On Formation Of Methemoglobin And Hemolytic Anemia In Guinea-Pigs, Meltem Şi̇reli̇, Vedat Sağmanligi̇l, İlksi̇n Pi̇şki̇n, Ayhan Fi̇lazi̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This investigation was carried out to determine the effect of amitraz poisoning on the the formation of methemoglobin and osmotic fragility of erytrocytes. in this study, 12 guinea-pigs, weighing 250-300 gr were used. They were equally divided into two groups, control and experimental. The animals in the experimental group were intraperitoneally injected with amitraz at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight. One hour after amitraz injections, erytrocyte, hematocrit, hemoglobin levels and also percent hemolysis of erytrocytes were measured in the blood samples taken from the control and experimental groups. In the experimental group, the value of hemoglobin was lower …

Use Of Elisa, If A, And A Vidin-Biotin Staining For The Diagnosis Of Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis, Seyyal Ak, Nuri̇ Turan, Kemal Ak, İ. Kamuran İleri̇, Ati̇lla Ilgaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Acid glycine extract (AGE) and whole cell (WC) antibodies wer e used in ELISA testing for the detection of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis and subsp. fetus antibodies in the blood sera of 150 female cattle and 100 bulls which wer e one year old or older . It was observed that AGE antibody was mor e specific than WC antibody . A cr oss r eaction was detected between C. fetus subsp. venerealis and subsp. fetus. Thus, it was concluded that for Campylobacter ELISA could only be used as a monitoring test. In dir ect diagnosis of C. fetus with …

Localization Of Haemophilus Somnus Antigen By An Immunoper Oxidase Technique In Pneumonic Bovine Lungs, Rifki Haziroğlu, Jale Erdeğer, M. Yavuz Gülbahar, Oğuz Kul, Murat Yildirim

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

One hundred pneumonic lungs from calves were examined by an immunoper oxidase technique using avidin-biotin- per oxidase complex method in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections for Haemophilus somnus. In the histological examination of tissue sections, strong positive reactions against H. somnus were detected in 14% of the lungs. H. somnus antigens were observed at the surface and/or within the epithelial cells, macrophages, necrotic alveolar walls, alveolar -bronchial/br onchiolar exudates, fibrins, distended interlobular septa and perivascular areas. In addition, dense antigen accumulations were detected in the necrotic macrophages and neutrophils.

The Effects Of Environmental Temparature And Vitamin C On Thyroid Hormones Of Blood Serum And Some Haematological Values In Swiss Brown Bulls, Tufan Keçeci̇, Ercan Keski̇n, Zafer Durgun

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of different environmental temperatures and vitamin C administration on the levels of serum thyroid hormones, some haematological values, respiration rate (RR), pulse rate (PR) and rectal temperature (RT) in Swiss Brown bulls. For this purpose, a total of 84 healthy animals were used in the experiment. At two month intervals during one year, the amount of 50 ml/week vitamin C solution containing 20% ascorbic acid (n:7) and the same amount of sterile physiological saline (n:7) were intramuscularly injected into the bulls, which were at the same conditions of maintenance and …

The Effects Of Plasma Vitamin C And Ceruloplasmin Levels And Exogen Vitamin C Supplementation On Reproduction In Sheep, Seyfullah Hali̇loğlu, Behi̇ç Serpek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of vitamin C on progesterone and oestradiol 17b synthesis, and fertility rate were studied in Merino sheep. A total of 60 sheep, aged between 2 and 7 years, of which 30 had low, and the other 30 had high plasma vitamin C levels were used. Each low and high vitamin C group was divided into 2 subgroups. Each subgroup had equal numbers of sheep. Subgroups 2 and 4 served as controls in the low and high vitamin C groups, respectively. 500 mg of vitamin C was injected intramuscularly into the subgroups 1 and 3 in the low and …

Evidence That The Neurokinin 1 Receptor Is Expressed In Spinal Neurones Which Do Not Synthesize Nitric Oxide In The Rat, Mümtaz Nazli, Richard Morris

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The co-localization of the distribution of the neurokinin 1 receptor with nitric oxide was investigated in laminae I-II, III- IV, X and in the intermediolateral horn of the spinal cord in thirteen adult rats. Silver-intensified gold and standard immunocytochemical labelling or standard double immunocytochemical labelling were employed in 40µm-thick sections of the spinal cord. There were many NK1 receptor-expressing neurones in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, but none of these expressed NOS. Although neurones expressing the NK1 receptor and NOS were in close proximity in LX and IML, co-localization of the NK1 receptor and NOS in single neurones …

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Egfr) Immunolocalization In The Male Rat Reproductive Tract During Pre-And Postnatal Periods, Celal Kaloğlu, Hüseyi̇n Eray Bulut, Bi̇lge Onarlioğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A number of recent studies suggest the effects of several growth factors as well as genetic factors on the development and differentiation of the testes and excretory ducts. One of the most important growth factors affecting the development and differentiation of the above-mentioned organs may be epidermal growth factor (EGF). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of EGF on the development of the testes and excretory ducts of male rats by determining the immunolocalization of EGF receptors in these organs during foetal and postnatal periods. To do this, testicular and excretory duct tissue samples …

A Study On The Effects Of Chilling On The Microbiological Quality Of Poultry Carcasses And Surface Decontamination With Lactic Acid, Hali̇l Tosun, Abdurrahman Üsame Tamer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Effects of immersion chilling on the microbiological quality of poultry carcasses and cross contamination of Salmonella were studied. Levels of aerobic mezophilic bacteria, coliform, Escherichia coli and the incidence of Salmonella were determined prechill and postchill. The level of coliform and E. coli were reduced by immersion chilling (P0.05) but there was an increase in Salmonella incidence in carcasses exiting the immersion chiller indicating that this may be the point of most significant cross contamination in broiler processing plants. Experiments on microbial decontamination of poultry carcasses with lactic acid were performed. The microbial levels of poultry carcasses were reduced significantly …

Investigations On The Spermatological Characteristics Of Ram Semen Frozen In Liquid Nitrogen Vapour And Used For Insemination With Different Methods, Hazim Gökçen, M. Kemal Soylu, İbrahi̇m Doğan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the first step, semen samples were diluted with Tris+Citric acid+Fructose+Egg yolk and Sadium citrate+Egg yolk diluents and were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour. In the second step, 120 Merino ewes were synchronised with sponges, which contained flourogestone acetate, for 14 days. PMSG was injected into the ewes on the withdrawal day. Ewes were divided into groups and subgroups. Gn-RH was injected into half of the subgroup ewes at the beginning of their oestrus. Ewes were inseminated with fresh and frozen semen. Conception rates of ewes inseminated with fresh semen both at the beginning and at the end of the …

Effects Of The Levels Of Astaxanthin In The Diet On The Flesh Pigmentation Of Rainbow Trout, Muammer Erdem, Sebahatti̇n Ergün

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of dietary astaxanthin concentration on muscle pigmentation of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) with a mean initial weight of 270 g fed diets supplemented with astaxanthin in diet concentrations of 60 (group II) and 90 mg/kg (group III) for 35 days. A control (I) group received a diet without astaxanthin. At the end of the experiment, the trout showed average body weight increases of 250.660g, 261.675 g and 234.410 g, and the flesh reached a level of 0.695 mg/kg, 10.539 mg/kg and 11.954 mg carotenoid/kg in groups I, II and III, …

The Effect Of Modified Atmosphere Packaging (Map) On The Shelf? Life Of Marinated And Breaded Rainbow Trout, Nuray Erkan, Sühendan Mol, Candan Varlik, Taçnur Baygar, Özkan Özden, Hüseyi̇n Gün, Hani̇fe Kalafatoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The rainbow trout has a great production capacity in Turkey. Marinated and breaded rainbow trout was prepared and the effect of the MAP technology on the shelf-life was studied. The samples were packaged and stored in 3 groups. These were the control (air), group A (5% O_2 + 35% CO_2 + 60% N_2 ), and group B (30% CO_2 + 70% N_2 ). According to the results of the sensory, physical, chemical and the microbiological analyses, the control group samples spoiled after the 90^{th} day and the A and B groups spoiled after the 120^{th} day of storage. The results …

Estimation Of Milk Yield Losses From Subclinical Mastitis In Dairy Cows, Cengi̇z Yalçin, Yavuz Cevger, Kenan Türkyilmaz, Gül Uysal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Multiple regression analysis was utililised to estimate the relationship between somatic cell counts (SCC) and milk yield using the data of 1687 quarter milk samples collected weekly from 20 cows at the Dairy Unit of A.U. Veterinary Faculty's Research Farm between May and October 1998. The findings of this study supported the results of similar previous studies on that there is a negative relationship between SCC and milk yield, the relationship between milk yield and lnSCC (natural logarithmic form) is not linear. It was found that milk yield loss from SCC vary considerably according to the level of SCC. The …

New Rumen Ciliates From Turkish Domestic Cattle ( Bos Taurus L.): 2. Epidinium Graini N. Sp. (Ophryoscolecidae, Entodiniomorphida), Bayram Göçmen

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In the course of examining rumen contents obtained from 30 domestic cattle ( Bos taurus L.) in the vicinity of İzmir, Turkey, somewhat similar but unusual forms of epidinia were observed. These ciliated protozoa were observed in six of the animals with a frequency of 20.00%, and this study is concerned with their classification into a species, Epidinium graini n. sp. All the protozoa identified as belonging to this species were divided into three formae, E. graini f. graini n. f., E. graini f. caudatricoronatum n. f. and E. graini f. caudaquadricoronatum n. f.. These species have 2-4 transversally periplasmic …

The Ciliate Fauna In The Digestive System Of Rana Ridibunda(Amphibia: Anura) I: Balantidium (Balantidiidae, Trichostomatida), Naci̇ye Gülkiz Şenler, İsmai̇l Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Balantidium spp. living in the digestive system of Rana ridibunda in Van were determined. Five species belonging to the genus Balantidiumwere distinguished. Of these, one new species was recognized, described as Balantidium vanensisn. sp. This study reports for the first time the presence of B. helenae, B. claperedei and B. giganteumin the digestive system of R. ridibunda. These species are also new records for the protozoan fauna of Turkey. There was only B. duodeni in the duodenum and B. elongatum in the intestinal part next to the duodenum. The species of the genus Balantidium in the rectum constituted 50.21% of …

A Study On The Fishes Of Edremit Bay (Aegean Sea)Hatice Torcu, Zeliha Aka, Hati̇ce Torcu, Zeli̇ha Aka

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This investigation was carried out for the determination of fish species living in Edremit Bay (Aegean Sea). Morphometric and meristic characters of fishes caught by trawl and various nets from five stations determined in Edremit Bay in the years 1996- 1997 were examined. Some morphological and ecological properties, local names and distributions to stations of 68 determined species are given. These species are new records for Edremit Bay of Aegean Sea.

A Taxonomical Study On The Rotifer Fauna Of Yedigöller (Bolu-Turkey), Ahmet Altindağ

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The study was carried out at Yedigöller (Turkey) between January and November, 1997. Thirty-one species of rotifers were identified, all of which were new for Yedigöller. Three species ( Dicronophorus caudatus, Synchaeta lokowitziana, Trichocerca bidens ) were new records for the Turkish fauna.

A Preliminary Study On The Ostracoda (Crustacea) Fauna Of Lake Aksehir, Selçuk Altinsaçli, Mustafa Kiliç, Songül Altinsaçli

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, material was collected from Lake Aksehir in the years 1997 to 1999. The materials, collected from six localities, were evaluated and eleven speceis (Ilyocypris biplicata, Ilyocypris gibba, Candona angulata, Candona compressa, Candona neglecta, Eucypris zenkeri, Cyprinotus salinus, Heterocypris incongruens, Ilyodromus olivaceus, Cypridopsis vidua, Limnocythere inopinata) belonging to eight genera were determined.

Freshwater Isopod Species (Crustacea) Of Turkish Thrace And Their Distribution, Belgi̇n Çamur Eli̇pek, Ti̇mur Kirgiz

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study was undertaken to determine the freshwater Isopod fauna of Turkish Thrace. Samples were collected during the years 1985-1987, 1989-1992 and 1994-1997. According to the results, Asellus (Asellus) aquaticus(L.) Racovitza, Asellus (Asellus) hilgendorfiBovallius, Asellus (Proasellus) infirmus Birstein belonging to the genus Asellus of the Asellidae family and Jaera (Jaera) sarsi Valkanov belonging to the genus Jaeraof the Janiridae family were determined. Of the species, Asellus (Asellus) hilgendorfi Bovallius, Asellus (Proasellus) infirmus Birstein and Jaera (Jaera) sarsi Valkanov are new records for Turkey. The worldwide distributions of these species are included.

Compensatory Growth In Sea Bass ( Dicentrarchus Labrax), Sea Bream ( Sparus Aurata) And Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Temel Şahi̇n, Bi̇lal Akbulut, Muharrem Aksungur

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The effects of a period of starvation and subsequent refeeding on the weight and length of sea bass, sea bream and rainbow trout reared at 17%o salinity and at different temperatures were investigated. The fish were starved for 3 weeks and then fed ad libitum by hand for 3 weeks in the 3 periods studied. The study provided evidence of the adaptation of the fish to starvation followed by what may be termed compensatory growth once feeding was resumed. The length changes of the fish indicate that the weight gains were due to grojth rather than increases in gut fat …

The Role Of Phenotypic Plasticity In Host Race Formation And Sympatric Speciation In Phytophagous Insects, Particularly In Aphids, Gazi̇ Görür

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The genetic structure of aphid populations has received increasing attention as a result of the evolution of insecticide resistance, the appearance of biotypes overcoming plant resistance and the increasing spread of aphid-born viruses. How can they manage to use different hosts and overcome insecticide and plants' morphological barriers? Recently, plasticity has been given more attention in ecological and evolutionary contexts as a specific adaptation to environmental variability. Phenotypic variation is crucial to a comprehension of evolutionary mechanisms, especially phenotypic host race formation and sympatric speciation in aphids. It is becoming clear that phenotypic plasticity is a fundamental component of evolutionary …

An Evaluation Of The Water Quality Of Yuvarlakçay Stream,In The Köycegiz-Dalyan Protected Area, Sw Turkey, Ni̇lgün Kazanci, Muzaffer Dügel

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The longitudinal and seasonal distribution of macroinvertebrates and the physical and chemical variables of Yuvarlak Stream in the Köycegiz-Dalyan Protected Area in South-Western Turkey were studied between April 1992 and April 1993. The diversity, frequency, dominance, abundance and similarity of macroinvertebrates through the year were recorded. In addition, the Belgian Biotic Index was used as a biological criterion for the assessment of water quality for the first time in Turkey. According to the physico-chemical variables and the distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates, continuous slight and moderate organic pollution exists in the stream. The monitoring of the water quality of Yuvarlakçay Stream …

A Histochemical Study Of The Origin Regions Of The Triceps Muscle Of The Sparrow (Passer Domesticus), Fati̇me Geyi̇koğlu, Abdullah Özkaral

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The muscle fibers in the origin regions of the triceps muscle of Passer domesticuswere characterized histochemically on the basis of their myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase (mATPase) activity after acidic and alkaline preincubations. Muscle fibers were identified as type II (alkaline-stable/acid-labile mATPase activity) and type III (alkaline-stable/acid-stable mATPase activity). The number of type II fibers was higher in the muscle studied (83%) and this was found to be significant.

Some Reproduction Characteristics Of Capoeta Tinca (Heckel, 1843) Living In The Oltu Stream Of Çoruh Basin, Ayhan Yildirim, M. Sitki Aras

Turkish Journal of Zoology

913 specimens of Capoeta tinca (Heckel, 1843) were analysed in Oltu Stream-Çoruh Basin from August, 1994 to July, 1996. It was determined that the age distribution in the population varied between I and XII, but age group III was dominant in number. The sexual maturity of specimens in the population were complete at the age of II in males and III in females, and they spawned between May and July when water temperature was 16°C. Fecundity was on average 5561±833 eggs/female and was related to fork length, total weight, age and gonad weight.

The Metabolism Of Oxalic Acid, Mahmut Çalişkan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Oxalic acid is a widely occurring natural product of animals, plants and other organisms. It sometimes occurs as a free acid, but more commonly as a calcium salt. Organisms exhibit various levels of oxalate content which even show fluctuations among the organs of the same individual. Although oxalate seems to engage in the metabolism and adaptation of animals, plants and fungi, its mechanism is far from being completely understood. There is now an appreciable body of information regarding the occurrence and significance of oxalic acid in living tissues but the data are widely scattered in various scientific areas due to …