Animal Sciences Commons^™

Cow-Calf Management Guide, Clell V. Bagley

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Fish & Wildlife News: January/February 2000

Fish and Wildlife News

Contents:

The State of the Service 2
Service Nets Caviar Conviction 4
Ranchers Join Texas Conservation Initiative 6
A Town Pitches In 7
Bears Ahead! 8
Special Section: The Internet 16
Going to the Mall for Outreach 18
Cranes Fly In, Manager Norton Flies Out 19
Find Wetlands Near You 20
Gotcha! Caught in the Act of Outreach 26
Fish and Wildlife...In Brief 31

Fish Health For Fish Farmers - 2nd Edition, Tina Thorne

Fisheries Published Reports

2nd edition.

Disease is a departure from the normal state of health of a fish or any other animal. Diseases have no doubt occurred among fishes since these animals have occupied a place on the earth. Scientific efforts to understand the causes of disease in fishes, and to attempt to control them however, have only been made during the last sixty years.

Fishes, crustaceans and molluscs, as with other animals are subject to a wide spectrum of diseases, that can be classified as infectious or non-infectious. The vast majority of disease problems in the intensive farming of aquatic animals can …

Melanocortin-1-Receptor (Mcr-1) Gene Polymorphisms Associated With The Chicken E Locus Alleles, Andrew Ellett

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

The melanocortin 1-receptor (MCl-R) gene has been associated with E locus phenotypes in chickens. Variant alleles of the E locus are important for accurate down color sexing and also for the inhibition of unwanted tissue pigmentation in broilers. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) based tests for various replacement substitutions found in the published E allele sequences gave unexpected results when tested against known alleles of the E locus. To resolve these issues and gain a better understanding of how replacement substitutions in the MCl-R gene are affecting E locus phenotypes, a number of accessions of the e+, eb, wheaten ( ewh …

Avian Mortality At Communication Towers: A Review Of Recent Literature, Research, And Methodology, Paul Kerlinger

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

A review of the recent literature and research in progress on bird collisions with
communication towers was contracted by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. In the five year period 1995 through 1999, very little research was published or conducted that is relevant to the bird-communication tower collision problem. It seems that since the major reviews of the late 1970s and early 1980s, few researchers and others have been interested in researching the problem. Before 1985, there was an enormous body of literature, mostly anecdotal that has not been examined analytically.

For the current review,, a standard literature search …

Viability Of Piping Plover Charadrius Melodus Metapopulations, Jonathan H. Plissner, Susan M. Haig

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The meta-population viability analysis package, vortex, was used to examine viability and recovery objectives for piping plovers Charadrius melodus, an endangered shorebird that breeds in three distinct regions of North America. Baseline models indicate that while Atlantic Coast populations, under current management practices, are at little risk of near-term extinction, Great Plains and Great Lakes populations require 36% higher mean fecundity for a significant probability of persisting for the next 100 years. Meta-population structure (i.e. the delineation of populations within the meta-population) and inter-population dispersal rates had varying effects on model results; however, spatially-structured meta-populations exhibited lower viability than …

Population Trends In Furbearers In Nebraska, L. M. Landholt, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Population trends are documented from 1941 to 1997 for the 12 species of furbearing mammals harvested in Nebraska. Populations of red fox (Vulpes vulpes, raccoon (Procyon lotor), beaver (Castor canadensis), coyote (Canis lupus), and bobcat (Lynx rufus) have increased during this period. Populations of muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), mink (Mustela vison), eastern spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius), long-tailed weasel (Mustela frenata), and striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) have decreased. Populations of mink, eastern spotted skunk, long-tailed weasel, and striped skunk may have decreased …

Explanation Of Statistics Used In This Report

Nebraska Swine Reports

Pigs treated alike vary in performance, due to their different genetic makeup and to environmental effects we cannot completely control. When a group of pigs is randomly allotted to treatments it is nearly impossible to get an “equal” group of pigs on each treatment. The natural variability among pigs and the number of pigs per treatment determine the expected variation among treatment groups due to random sampling.

Nebraska Competitive Livestock Marketing Act, J. David Aiken

Nebraska Swine Reports

LB835, the Nebraska Competitive Livestock Marketing Act, was adopted in 1999. The act regulates marketing and livestock ownership for packers slaughtering 150,000 or more animal units per year (150,000 steers, 350,000 calves up to 450 pounds, or 750,000 hogs). The act regulates packer livestock ownership, hog and cattle purchases and contracts, and livestock price reporting. The restrictions differ between hog and cattle purchases, but the price-reporting requirements are the same in both cases. Price-reporting requirements go into effect Feb. 15, 2000. There is some disagreement regarding when other provisions of the act take effect. LB835 took effect May 27, 1999. …

Effect Of Wean-To-Finish Management On Pig Performance, Mike Brumm, Angela K. Baysinger, Robert W. Wills, Edgar T. Clemens, Robert C. Thaler

Nebraska Swine Reports

An experiment consisting of three trials was conducted to determine the effect of wean-to-finish management systems on pig performance. Treatments consisted of: 1) wean-to-finish single stock (WF) at 7.5 ft²/pig from weaning (17 day mean age) to slaughter in a fully slatted finishing facility; 2) double stock (DS) at 3.75 ft²/pig for eight weeks following weaning and then split into two pens at 7.5 ft²/pig each; and 3) nursery (NF) at 3.75 ft²/ pig for eight weeks in a conventional nursery followed by movement to the finisher and stocked at 7.5 ft …

Animal Science Alumni Newsletter, Winter 2000

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

From the Department Head's Desk
Irv Omtvedt Retires After Many Years of Service With the University of Nebraska
New Faculty
Faculty Retirements
Graduate Program
Undergraduate Program
Judging Pavilion Fades From UNL Campus
Bud Britton Animal Science Golf Classic
Alumni Newsletter Receives Award
Earl Ellington Pleased With New College in Costa Rica
Deaths
Emeriti Update
Faculty Leave
Officers for Fall 2000
Recent Department Awards and Recognitions
Animal Science Leadership
Alumni News
Your Newsletter Committee
Call for Information for the Year 2001 Issue of the Animal Science Alumni Newsletter

Megapodes Status Survey And Conservation Action Plan, 2000-2004, René W. R. J. Dekker, Richard A. Fuller, Gilliam C. Baker, World Pheasant Association, Birdlife International, Iucn-Ssc Megapode Specialist Group

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

Executive Summary

This Action Plan covers the megapodes, a group of Australasian ground-dwelling birds comprising 22 species found from the Nicobar Islands in the west, through Indonesia, the Philippines, and Australia, to Polynesia in the east. Their habit of nesting on or near beaches, often on small islands, makes them vulnerable to disturbance and egg collecting, and several species are greatly threatened. In 1995, the first Action Plan for the conservation of these species was published and this document provides an update on the current situation. The objectives of this document are to identify the most threatened species within this …

Pheasants Status Survey And Conservation Actin Plan, 2000-2004, Richard A. Fuller, Peter J. Garson, World Pheasant Association, Birdlife International, Iucn-Ssc Pheasant Specialist Group

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

Executive Summary

This Action Plan covers the pheasants, a group of one African species and 50 Asian ground-dwelling birds, found within Asia from the Caucasus in the west, through the Indian Subcontinent and the Himalayas to eastern China and Japan. They also occur through Southeast Asia to Flores, east of Java. They are largely dependent on forested habitats, making them highly vulnerable to deforestation and habitat degradation. As large, ground-dwelling birds they are also widely hunted for food, plumage, and the live bird trade. Consequently, many species are threatened. The first version of this Action Plan was published to cover …

Block And Bridle Annual, 2000

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Emblem and Purpose
President’s Welcome
Treasurer’s Report
B&B Members
Fall & Spring Initiates
B&B Officers
B&B Advisors
Calendar of Events
Steak Fry
Beef Pit
State Fair Herdsmanship
Christmas Luncheon
Little Ak-Sar-Ben
Kids’ Day
Little MAEC, Market & Breeding Division
Little MAEC, Meats Division
State Agricultural Education Contests
Big Red Beef Show
Agricultural and Natural Resources Week
Block & Bridle/Animal Science Honors Banquet
Block & Bridle Club Awards
1999 Honoree
2000 Honoree
Animal Science Department Awards
Judging Team Awards
MAEC Judging Team
Jr. & Sr. Livestock Judging Teams
Jr. & Sr. Meats Judging Teams
Animal Science Faculty
Animal …

Role Of Transforming Growth Factor-Α And The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor In Embryonic Rat Testis Development, Elena Levine, Andrea S. Cupp, Linda Miyashiro, Michael K. Skinner

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Embryonic testis development requires the morphogenesis of cords and growth of all cell populations to allow organ formation. It is anticipated that coordination of the growth and differentiation of various cell types involves locally produced growth factors. The current study was an investigation of the hypothesis that transforming growth factor- α (TGF-α) is involved in regulating embryonic testis growth. TGF-α has previously been shown to function in the postnatal testis. TGF-α and other members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family act through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to stimulate cell proliferation and tissue morphogenesis. To understand the potential …

Rapid Communication: Porcine Vitamin D-25-Hydroxylase Maps To Chromosome 5, Daniel C. Ciobanu, R. K. Raven, M. F. Rothschild, N. H. Bell

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Locus Name. Vitamin D-25-hydroxylase.

Species. Sus scrofa.

Locus Symbol. CYP25.

Source of Primers. PCR primers were designed from the published sequence for porcine vitamin D-25-hydroxylase (CYP25) cDNA (GenBank accession no. Y16417). The position of the forward and reverse primers corresponds to 506 to 530 bp and 830 to 854 bp, respectively, of the cDNA. The primer pair amplified a 348-bp fragment of the cDNA and an 862-bp fragment from the pig genomic DNA. The 862-bp fragment (Gen- Bank accession no. AF284378) was subcloned into a pNoTA vector and identity was confirmed by sequencing. Genomic sequences from 1 to 74, …

Solvent-Extracted Germ Meal As A Component Of Wet Corn Gluten Feed: Effect On Ruminal Acidosis, Daniel Herold, Rob Cooper, Ryan Mass, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Todd Milton, Rick Stock

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Dry matter intake and ruminal acid concentration were used to evaluate the influence of a dry-rolled corn (Control) and wet corn gluten feed diets (corn bran and steep liquor with distillers solubles, with or without solvent-extracted germ meal) on acidosis. Wet corn gluten feed without solvent-extracted germ meal promoted highest dry matter intake and daily minimum ruminal pH during grain adaptation. Control reduced intake and ruminal pH more than wet corn gluten feed diets, but increased propionate production. When solvent-extracted germ meal was included in wet corn gluten feed, intake was slightly reduced and ruminal pH was more variable.

Wa Beef Industry And Consumers Benefit From Meat Standards Australia (Msa), John Lucey

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The Western Australian beef industry confirmed its world-class status when it became the first to implement the national beef grading scheme Meat Standards Australia.

Improving Productivity With Dairy Farm Performance, David Windsor, Ken Crawford, Stuart Gallagher, Vicki Staines

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

How productive can a dairy farm be? What options are available to dairy farmers to increase their productivity and profitability? How can you reduce milk production costs effectively? These are the kinds of questions that dairy farmers are, or should be, asking leading up to and immediately after deregulation. These questions, and many more, can be answered by participating in Agriculture Western Australia's (AGWEST) Dairy Farm Performance (DFP) Program. David Windsor, Ken Crawford, Stuart Gallagher and Vicki Staines report on DFP and the benefits being generated for dairy farmers in Western Australia.

2000 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cow/Calf
Age of Calf at Weaning of Spring-Calving Beef Cows and the Effect on Production Economics
Supplementing Metabolizable Protein to Yearling Heifers Grazing Winter Range
Refinement of the MGA/PGF Synchronization Program for Heifers Using a 19-Day PGF Injection
Replacement Heifer Development Programs
Copper Levels and Sources in Pre- and Post-calving Diets of First-Calf Cows

Growing
Effects of Length of Grain Feeding and Backgrounding Programs on Beef Carcass Characteristics
Compensatory Growth Response and Breakeven Economics of Yearling Steers on Grass
Evaluation of the 1996 Beef Cattle NRC Model Predictions of Intake and Gain for Calves Fed Low or Medium Energy Density …

Effects Of Increasing Rumensin Level During A Potential Acidosis Challenge, Mark Blackford, Todd Milton, Terry J. Klopfenstein, D. J. Jordon, Rob Cooper, Tony Scott, N. A. Singari, Cal Parrott

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Nine ruminally fistulated yearling steers were used in a 9 x 2 Incomplete Latin square to evaluate benefits of an increase in dietary Rumensin level during an imposed acidosis challenge. Feeding Rumensin, at either 30 or 45g/ ton reduced acidosis on the challenge day. However, increasing the dietary Rumensin concentration to 45g/ton was required to reduce acidosis for the five days following that challenge. Feeding 45g/ton reduced ruminal pH area below 5.6 when compared to the normal level of 30g/ton during the five days following the challenge.

Copper Levels And Sources In Pre- And Post-Calving Diets Of First-Calf Cows, Dennis R. Brink, Gene H. Deutscher, Erick Muehlenbein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A study replicated over two years involving 197 first-calf cows compared reproductive performance, growth and health of calves and concentration of Cu in liver, colostrum, and milk. Three treatments were evaluated: control (no Cu but Mo and Fe added to hay diet); 200 mg Cu from CuSO₄; and 100 mg Cu from AvailaCu® added daily. In 1998 a fourth treatment, 400 mg AvailaZn® was included with 100 mg AvailaCu®. Supplementation of Cu and/or Zn did not improve total pregnancy rate, or growth and health of calves. In 1998 cows fed only AvailaCu® conceived 10 days earlier compared to …

Sorting Or Topping-Off Pens Of Feedlot Cattle, Rob Cooper, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Todd Milton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two sources of data were analyzed to determine performance differences of cattle with differing degrees of finish within a pen. One source of data was from large-pen commercial feedlots, while the other source of data was from individually fed steers at the University of Nebraska. The results indicate leaner cattle within a pen have lower quality grades and carcass weights, but are gaining faster and more efficiently than their fatter pen-mates at slaughter. Therefore, additional days on feed for the leaner cattle within a pen, in order to increase carcass weight and quality grade, may be economical.

Phase-Feeding Metabolizable Protein For Finishing Steers, Rob Cooper, Todd Milton, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing trial was conducted to evaluate phase-feeding of metabolizable protein in order to match requirements. Treatments were: 1) one finishing diet which matched requirements at initial weight; 2) one finishing diet which matched requirements at mid-weight; and 3) six finishing diets fed in sequential order which matched requirements throughout the feeding period. The 1996 Beef NRC was used to determine metabolizable protein requirements. No performance differences were observed. Gains and efficiencies were lower than projected, likely due to mud, causing protein requirements to be over-predicted. Phase-feeding metabolizable protein maintained equal performance and reduced nitrogen excretion compared to treatment 1.

Refinement Of The Mga/Pgf Synchronization Program For Heifers Using A 19-Day Pgf Injection, Gene H. Deutscher, Rex Davis, Dave Colburn, Doug O'Hare

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A two-year study was conducted on 240 yearling heifers to refine the MGA/ PGF synchronization program by using a 19-day PGF injection. All heifers were fed MGA for 14 days and received PGF injection on either Day 17 or Day 19 after the MGA period. Heifers were heat detected and bred by AI using semen from one sire. The Day 19 PGF injection caused a higher (16%) percentage of heifers to cycle by 72 hours after injection, a higher (6%) percentage of heifers to cycle during the 5-day breeding period, and higher pregnancy rates in 5 days (8%) and in …

Replacement Heifer Development Programs, Gene H. Deutscher, Andy Applegarth, Dave Colburn, Rex Davis

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A three-year study was conducted to evaluate heifer development programs using Sandhills resources. During the first two years, spring-born yearling heifers that grazed subirrigated meadows for 30 days in May pre-breeding had greater weight gains. However, the heifers tended to have lower (10%) pregnancy rates than the heifers on hay and range during May. Grazing meadows in May with summer-born heifers had no effect on pregnancy rates when heifers were bred in September. In comparing spring- and summer-born heifers, initial results indicate yearling and 2-year-old reproductive performance and calf weaning weights may be lower for the summer-born heifers. Additional studies …

The Effects Of Induced Stress And Supplemental Chromium On Meat Quality Of Finishing Heifers, Dana Hanson, Chris R. Calkins, Todd Milton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Organic chromium was fed to heifers to evaluate its effect on reducing the consequence of stress. Cattle in this trial were subjected to induced stress by estrus and social interaction. The induced stress was not sufficient to cause dark cutting beef. Meat from stressed cattle tended to have lower (P = .09) redness (a*) values, lower (P = .11) shear force, and higher (P= .09) ultimate pH than non-stressed animals. The effectiveness of chromium in the prevention of dark cutting beef could not be assessed.

Compensatory Growth Response And Breakeven Economics Of Yearling Steers On Grass, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Todd Milton, Rob Cooper

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A trial was conducted to evaluate compensatory growth in yearling cattle while on summer pasture, following variations of winter feed restriction. Winter gains were FAST, FAST/SLOW, SLOW/FAST, and SLOW. No summer gain differences were found among restricted cattle (FAST/SLOW, SLOW/ FAST, or SLOW); however, gains were increased on grass compared to steers on the FAST treatment. SLOW cattle compensated 17.4% during grazing. FAST steers had lower slaughter breakevens compared to SLOW (64.05 vs 66.94 $/cwt, respectively). Due to little compensation by steers on the SLOW treatment, steers on the FAST treatment had heavier slaughter weights resulting in lower slaughter breakevens.

Effects Of Length Of Grain Feeding And Backgrounding Programs On Beef Carcass Characteristics, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rob Cooper, D. J. Jordon, Drew Shain, Todd Milton, Chris R. Calkins, Carlo Rossi

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Data from 534 cattle serially slaughtered indicate percentages of carcasses grading Choice increased 30 + 2.4 percentage units for each .1 in increase in rib fat. Marbling score increased 75 units (200 = Slight00) for each .1 in increase in fat. If cattle are fed to a common rib fat endpoint, and within the ranges of winter (.51-1.35 lb/day) and summer gains (1.26-1.85 lb/day) studied, we conclude backgrounding program has little or no effect on marbling or carcass quality grade. Also, systems that increase age of cattle will reduce tenderness, but if meat is cooked properly, risk of tough steaks …

Metabolizable Protein Estimates Of Treated Soybean Meal Products, Ryan Mass, D. J. Jordon, Tony Scott, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The metabolizable protein (MP, % of CP) concentrations of the following three treated soybean meal (SBM) products and commodity SBM were estimated: nonenzymatically browned SBM (Soy Pass®), expeller SBM (SoyPlus®), and a heated SBM:soyhull mixture (AminoPlus®). Separate lots of each product were measured in two separate trials. Commodity SBM yielded consistent MP values, while treated SBM products differed by 11- 58% in MP. Differences in MP appear to be due to differences in undegraded intake protein (UIP) concentration. The UIP concentrations of treated SBM products merits regular monitoring.