Animal Sciences Commons^™

Megapodes Status Survey And Conservation Action Plan, 2000-2004, René W. R. J. Dekker, Richard A. Fuller, Gilliam C. Baker, World Pheasant Association, Birdlife International, Iucn-Ssc Megapode Specialist Group

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

Executive Summary

This Action Plan covers the megapodes, a group of Australasian ground-dwelling birds comprising 22 species found from the Nicobar Islands in the west, through Indonesia, the Philippines, and Australia, to Polynesia in the east. Their habit of nesting on or near beaches, often on small islands, makes them vulnerable to disturbance and egg collecting, and several species are greatly threatened. In 1995, the first Action Plan for the conservation of these species was published and this document provides an update on the current situation. The objectives of this document are to identify the most threatened species within this …

Block And Bridle Annual, 2000

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Emblem and Purpose
President’s Welcome
Treasurer’s Report
B&B Members
Fall & Spring Initiates
B&B Officers
B&B Advisors
Calendar of Events
Steak Fry
Beef Pit
State Fair Herdsmanship
Christmas Luncheon
Little Ak-Sar-Ben
Kids’ Day
Little MAEC, Market & Breeding Division
Little MAEC, Meats Division
State Agricultural Education Contests
Big Red Beef Show
Agricultural and Natural Resources Week
Block & Bridle/Animal Science Honors Banquet
Block & Bridle Club Awards
1999 Honoree
2000 Honoree
Animal Science Department Awards
Judging Team Awards
MAEC Judging Team
Jr. & Sr. Livestock Judging Teams
Jr. & Sr. Meats Judging Teams
Animal Science Faculty
Animal …

Pegasys, Dale L. Barnard

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Role Of Transforming Growth Factor-Α And The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor In Embryonic Rat Testis Development, Elena Levine, Andrea S. Cupp, Linda Miyashiro, Michael K. Skinner

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Embryonic testis development requires the morphogenesis of cords and growth of all cell populations to allow organ formation. It is anticipated that coordination of the growth and differentiation of various cell types involves locally produced growth factors. The current study was an investigation of the hypothesis that transforming growth factor- α (TGF-α) is involved in regulating embryonic testis growth. TGF-α has previously been shown to function in the postnatal testis. TGF-α and other members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family act through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to stimulate cell proliferation and tissue morphogenesis. To understand the potential …

Rapid Communication: Porcine Vitamin D-25-Hydroxylase Maps To Chromosome 5, Daniel C. Ciobanu, R. K. Raven, M. F. Rothschild, N. H. Bell

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Locus Name. Vitamin D-25-hydroxylase.

Species. Sus scrofa.

Locus Symbol. CYP25.

Source of Primers. PCR primers were designed from the published sequence for porcine vitamin D-25-hydroxylase (CYP25) cDNA (GenBank accession no. Y16417). The position of the forward and reverse primers corresponds to 506 to 530 bp and 830 to 854 bp, respectively, of the cDNA. The primer pair amplified a 348-bp fragment of the cDNA and an 862-bp fragment from the pig genomic DNA. The 862-bp fragment (Gen- Bank accession no. AF284378) was subcloned into a pNoTA vector and identity was confirmed by sequencing. Genomic sequences from 1 to 74, …

Solvent-Extracted Germ Meal As A Component Of Wet Corn Gluten Feed: Effect On Ruminal Acidosis, Daniel Herold, Rob Cooper, Ryan Mass, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Todd Milton, Rick Stock

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Dry matter intake and ruminal acid concentration were used to evaluate the influence of a dry-rolled corn (Control) and wet corn gluten feed diets (corn bran and steep liquor with distillers solubles, with or without solvent-extracted germ meal) on acidosis. Wet corn gluten feed without solvent-extracted germ meal promoted highest dry matter intake and daily minimum ruminal pH during grain adaptation. Control reduced intake and ruminal pH more than wet corn gluten feed diets, but increased propionate production. When solvent-extracted germ meal was included in wet corn gluten feed, intake was slightly reduced and ruminal pH was more variable.

Wa Beef Industry And Consumers Benefit From Meat Standards Australia (Msa), John Lucey

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The Western Australian beef industry confirmed its world-class status when it became the first to implement the national beef grading scheme Meat Standards Australia.

Improving Productivity With Dairy Farm Performance, David Windsor, Ken Crawford, Stuart Gallagher, Vicki Staines

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

How productive can a dairy farm be? What options are available to dairy farmers to increase their productivity and profitability? How can you reduce milk production costs effectively? These are the kinds of questions that dairy farmers are, or should be, asking leading up to and immediately after deregulation. These questions, and many more, can be answered by participating in Agriculture Western Australia's (AGWEST) Dairy Farm Performance (DFP) Program. David Windsor, Ken Crawford, Stuart Gallagher and Vicki Staines report on DFP and the benefits being generated for dairy farmers in Western Australia.

A Century Of Ornithology In Nebraska: A Personal View, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

The Nebraska Ornithologists’ Union celebrated its centennial year during 1999. During more than 65 years it has published a quarterly journal, the Nebraska Bird Review, and has also published several proceedings of annual meetings as well as special or “occasional” publications. During this same century one native Nebraska bird species (Passenger Pigeon) has become extinct, another (Eskimo Curlew) has possibly become extinct, and at least 15 species apparently have been extirpated as breeding species in the state. Additionally at least seven species have begun breeding successfully in the state, either through purposeful or accidental human efforts, or by range …

2000 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cow/Calf
Age of Calf at Weaning of Spring-Calving Beef Cows and the Effect on Production Economics
Supplementing Metabolizable Protein to Yearling Heifers Grazing Winter Range
Refinement of the MGA/PGF Synchronization Program for Heifers Using a 19-Day PGF Injection
Replacement Heifer Development Programs
Copper Levels and Sources in Pre- and Post-calving Diets of First-Calf Cows

Growing
Effects of Length of Grain Feeding and Backgrounding Programs on Beef Carcass Characteristics
Compensatory Growth Response and Breakeven Economics of Yearling Steers on Grass
Evaluation of the 1996 Beef Cattle NRC Model Predictions of Intake and Gain for Calves Fed Low or Medium Energy Density …

Effects Of Increasing Rumensin Level During A Potential Acidosis Challenge, Mark Blackford, Todd Milton, Terry J. Klopfenstein, D. J. Jordon, Rob Cooper, Tony Scott, N. A. Singari, Cal Parrott

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Nine ruminally fistulated yearling steers were used in a 9 x 2 Incomplete Latin square to evaluate benefits of an increase in dietary Rumensin level during an imposed acidosis challenge. Feeding Rumensin, at either 30 or 45g/ ton reduced acidosis on the challenge day. However, increasing the dietary Rumensin concentration to 45g/ton was required to reduce acidosis for the five days following that challenge. Feeding 45g/ton reduced ruminal pH area below 5.6 when compared to the normal level of 30g/ton during the five days following the challenge.

Copper Levels And Sources In Pre- And Post-Calving Diets Of First-Calf Cows, Dennis R. Brink, Gene H. Deutscher, Erick Muehlenbein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A study replicated over two years involving 197 first-calf cows compared reproductive performance, growth and health of calves and concentration of Cu in liver, colostrum, and milk. Three treatments were evaluated: control (no Cu but Mo and Fe added to hay diet); 200 mg Cu from CuSO₄; and 100 mg Cu from AvailaCu® added daily. In 1998 a fourth treatment, 400 mg AvailaZn® was included with 100 mg AvailaCu®. Supplementation of Cu and/or Zn did not improve total pregnancy rate, or growth and health of calves. In 1998 cows fed only AvailaCu® conceived 10 days earlier compared to …

Sorting Or Topping-Off Pens Of Feedlot Cattle, Rob Cooper, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Todd Milton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two sources of data were analyzed to determine performance differences of cattle with differing degrees of finish within a pen. One source of data was from large-pen commercial feedlots, while the other source of data was from individually fed steers at the University of Nebraska. The results indicate leaner cattle within a pen have lower quality grades and carcass weights, but are gaining faster and more efficiently than their fatter pen-mates at slaughter. Therefore, additional days on feed for the leaner cattle within a pen, in order to increase carcass weight and quality grade, may be economical.

Phase-Feeding Metabolizable Protein For Finishing Steers, Rob Cooper, Todd Milton, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing trial was conducted to evaluate phase-feeding of metabolizable protein in order to match requirements. Treatments were: 1) one finishing diet which matched requirements at initial weight; 2) one finishing diet which matched requirements at mid-weight; and 3) six finishing diets fed in sequential order which matched requirements throughout the feeding period. The 1996 Beef NRC was used to determine metabolizable protein requirements. No performance differences were observed. Gains and efficiencies were lower than projected, likely due to mud, causing protein requirements to be over-predicted. Phase-feeding metabolizable protein maintained equal performance and reduced nitrogen excretion compared to treatment 1.

Refinement Of The Mga/Pgf Synchronization Program For Heifers Using A 19-Day Pgf Injection, Gene H. Deutscher, Rex Davis, Dave Colburn, Doug O'Hare

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A two-year study was conducted on 240 yearling heifers to refine the MGA/ PGF synchronization program by using a 19-day PGF injection. All heifers were fed MGA for 14 days and received PGF injection on either Day 17 or Day 19 after the MGA period. Heifers were heat detected and bred by AI using semen from one sire. The Day 19 PGF injection caused a higher (16%) percentage of heifers to cycle by 72 hours after injection, a higher (6%) percentage of heifers to cycle during the 5-day breeding period, and higher pregnancy rates in 5 days (8%) and in …

Replacement Heifer Development Programs, Gene H. Deutscher, Andy Applegarth, Dave Colburn, Rex Davis

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A three-year study was conducted to evaluate heifer development programs using Sandhills resources. During the first two years, spring-born yearling heifers that grazed subirrigated meadows for 30 days in May pre-breeding had greater weight gains. However, the heifers tended to have lower (10%) pregnancy rates than the heifers on hay and range during May. Grazing meadows in May with summer-born heifers had no effect on pregnancy rates when heifers were bred in September. In comparing spring- and summer-born heifers, initial results indicate yearling and 2-year-old reproductive performance and calf weaning weights may be lower for the summer-born heifers. Additional studies …

The Effects Of Induced Stress And Supplemental Chromium On Meat Quality Of Finishing Heifers, Dana Hanson, Chris R. Calkins, Todd Milton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Organic chromium was fed to heifers to evaluate its effect on reducing the consequence of stress. Cattle in this trial were subjected to induced stress by estrus and social interaction. The induced stress was not sufficient to cause dark cutting beef. Meat from stressed cattle tended to have lower (P = .09) redness (a*) values, lower (P = .11) shear force, and higher (P= .09) ultimate pH than non-stressed animals. The effectiveness of chromium in the prevention of dark cutting beef could not be assessed.

Compensatory Growth Response And Breakeven Economics Of Yearling Steers On Grass, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Todd Milton, Rob Cooper

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A trial was conducted to evaluate compensatory growth in yearling cattle while on summer pasture, following variations of winter feed restriction. Winter gains were FAST, FAST/SLOW, SLOW/FAST, and SLOW. No summer gain differences were found among restricted cattle (FAST/SLOW, SLOW/ FAST, or SLOW); however, gains were increased on grass compared to steers on the FAST treatment. SLOW cattle compensated 17.4% during grazing. FAST steers had lower slaughter breakevens compared to SLOW (64.05 vs 66.94 $/cwt, respectively). Due to little compensation by steers on the SLOW treatment, steers on the FAST treatment had heavier slaughter weights resulting in lower slaughter breakevens.

Effects Of Length Of Grain Feeding And Backgrounding Programs On Beef Carcass Characteristics, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rob Cooper, D. J. Jordon, Drew Shain, Todd Milton, Chris R. Calkins, Carlo Rossi

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Data from 534 cattle serially slaughtered indicate percentages of carcasses grading Choice increased 30 + 2.4 percentage units for each .1 in increase in rib fat. Marbling score increased 75 units (200 = Slight00) for each .1 in increase in fat. If cattle are fed to a common rib fat endpoint, and within the ranges of winter (.51-1.35 lb/day) and summer gains (1.26-1.85 lb/day) studied, we conclude backgrounding program has little or no effect on marbling or carcass quality grade. Also, systems that increase age of cattle will reduce tenderness, but if meat is cooked properly, risk of tough steaks …

Metabolizable Protein Estimates Of Treated Soybean Meal Products, Ryan Mass, D. J. Jordon, Tony Scott, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The metabolizable protein (MP, % of CP) concentrations of the following three treated soybean meal (SBM) products and commodity SBM were estimated: nonenzymatically browned SBM (Soy Pass®), expeller SBM (SoyPlus®), and a heated SBM:soyhull mixture (AminoPlus®). Separate lots of each product were measured in two separate trials. Commodity SBM yielded consistent MP values, while treated SBM products differed by 11- 58% in MP. Differences in MP appear to be due to differences in undegraded intake protein (UIP) concentration. The UIP concentrations of treated SBM products merits regular monitoring.

Delayed Implant Strategies Using Synovex® Plus™ On Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Finishing Yearling Steers, Todd Milton, Rob Cooper, D. J. Jordon, Frank Prouty

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

This experiment evaluated delayed single-dose Synovex Plus implant or reimplant strategies using Ralgro and Synovex Plus or Synovex S. Delaying Synovex Plus until day 35 produced similar performance and carcass characteristics as Synovex Plus initially or Ralgro initially followed by Synovex Plus on day 70. Delaying Synovex Plus until day 70 reduced gain, but efficiency was similar to other Synovex Plus strategies. Two doses of Synovex S increased marbling, but efficiency declined 4% compared with implant strategies using Synovex Plus.

Effect Of Diafil (Diatomaceous Earth) Fed With Or Without Rumensin® And Tylan®, On Performance, Internal Parasite And Coccidiosis Control In Finishing Cattle, Todd Milton, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

One hundred seventy-nine steers were used in a 2 &#;&#;2 factorial experiment to determine if DiaFil, diatomaceous earth, enhances finishing performance. Treatments were: control; 3% DiaFil; Rumensin® and Tylan® (R/T) fed at 25 and 10 g/ton, respectively; or DiaFil + R/T (DM basis). Feeding DiaFil alone reduced daily gain compared with control and DiaFil+ R/T, while gain of steers fed R/T was intermediate. Compared with control, efficiency was reduced 8% when steers were fed DiaFilalone. Steers fed R/T or DiaFil+R/T were 9% more efficient than those fed DiaFil alone. The addition of DiaFil alone reduces …

Effect Of Dry, Wet, Or Rehydrated Corn Bran On Performance Of Finishing Yearling Steers, Todd Milton, Terry J. Klopfenstein, D. J. Jordon, Rob Cooper, Rick Stock

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Sixty steers were individually fed finishing diets to evaluate if corn bran form affects the energy value of wet corn gluten feed. Corn bran replaced 40% (DM basis) dry-rolled corn as dry (86% DM), wet (37% DM), or rehydrated (37% DM). Dry matter intake was higher for steers fed dry bran compared with other treatments. Daily gain and efficiency were 15 and 18% higher for the control diet compared with the average of corn bran diets. Gain and efficiency were similar among corn bran diets. Corn bran form has limited influence on the energy value of wet corn gluten feed.

Sugar Beet Pulp And Corn Silage For Growing Yearling Steers, Jessica Park, Ivan G. Rush, Burt Weichenthal

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

British crossbred steers with an average weight of 735 lb were fed in a 92-day growing trial. Silo Guard II®, an additive containing an amylase enzyme and sulfur salts, was used to treat corn silage and beet pulp. Cattle received either untreated corn silage, treated corn silage, or treated corn silage and treated beet pulp (35% of ration DM). Average daily gains were not significantly different between treatments. Dry matter intake was lower with the diet containing beet pulp, resulting in a better feed conversion compared to the treated and untreated corn silage diets.

Age Of Calf At Weaning Of Spring-Calving Beef Cows And The Effect On Production Economics, Richard J. Rasby, Chuck Story, Richard T. Clark, Todd Milton, Mark Dragastin

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Spring-calving cows were used to evaluate effects of calf age at weaning on production economics. Weaning treatments were early (calf age 150 d, EW), traditional (calf age 210 d, NW), and late (calf age 270 d, LW). Annual cow costs were greater for LW than EW and NW groups. Replacement heifer development costs were higher for EW compared to NW and LW heifers. Net income per finished steer was greater for EW and NW steers than for LW steers. When carcass data were adjusted to the fat depth of the EW steers, net income differences among groups were reduced. Breakeven …

Whole Or Cracked Corn In Growing Rations For Steer Calves, Ivan G. Rush, Burt Weichenthal, Brad Van Pelt

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Crossbred steer calves were fed growing rations that included whole or cracked corn fed in a mixed ration or fed separately and cleaned up before feeding the other ingredients in the ration. Intakes of corn fed separately were regulated to match ad libitum dry matter intakes averaging 5 pounds per day in a 120 day trial. Daily gains and feed conversions were similar for both mixed rations and cracked corn fed separately, and only slightly lower when whole corn was fed separately. Including costs for corn cracking and/or mixing resulted in similar ration costs per pound of gain.

Protein Evaluation Of Porcine Meat And Bone Meal Products, Tony Scott, Ryan Mass, Casey Wilson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Austin Lewis

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Thirteen commercially available porcine meat and bone meal products from both independent renderers and commercial packing plants were evaluated in a lamb-digestion study for the following variables: crude protein, undegradable intake protein, metabolizable protein, apparent nitrogen digestibility and true nitrogen digestibility. As a whole, the products varied widely with respect to all of the variables measured with the exception of apparent nitrogen digestibility, indicating that feeding value of commercially available meat and bone meal products also varies widely, although all of the products tested had acceptable protein digestibilities.

Influence Of Diet On Total And Acid Resistant E. Coli And Colonic Ph, Tony Scott, Casey Wilson, Doreen Bailey, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Todd Milton, Rodney A. Moxley, David R. Smith, Jeff Gray, Laura Hungerford

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Nine steers were fed finishing diets in a replicated 3x3 Latin square design to determine if dietary manipulation would alter total and acid resistant E. coli populations. Manipulating diet by limit-feeding of finishing diets did not affect total or acid-resistant E. coli populations. Altering dietary ingredients did not affect total E. coli populations; however, steers fed diets containing dry-rolled or high-moisture corn had lower acid-resistant E. coli populations. Following completion of the Latin Square, all animals were fed alfalfa hay ad libitum for five days. Switching steers to alfalfa hay lowered both total and acid-resistant E. coli populations.

Effects Of Programmed Gain Feeding Strategies On Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Yearling Steers, Tony Scott, Todd Milton, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Terry L. Mader, Simone Holt

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two hundred forty-five crossbred yearling steers were used in a randomized complete block design to determine effects of including a programmed gain phase in the feeding period on performance and carcass characteristics. Including a programmed gain phase in the finishing period resulted in similar cumulative daily gains and feed conversions when compared with steers allowed to consume feed ad libitum. Programming gain reduced the total amount of feed consumed per animal; however, the lack of an improvement in feed conversion coupled with slight numerical differences in hot carcass weights resulted in net profits favoring ad libitum feeding.

The Effect Of V-Max® On Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Cattle Fed Corn And Corn By-Product Finishing Diets, Tony Scott, Todd Milton, Bill Dicke, Pete Poppert, Larry Hollis

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Seven hundred sixty-two crossbred steers were used in a feedlot trial to determine the effect of V-Max® on performance, carcass characteristics, and the incidence and severity of liver abscesses. Finishing diets included either V-max® or the combination of Rumensin® and Tylan®. Performance was not different between the two treatments; however, including V-max® in the diet resulted in an increased incidence and severity of liver abscesses. Numbers of steers with small abscesses were similar between treatments; however, moderate and severe liver abscesses were increased in steers fed V-Max® compared to steers fed the combination of Rumensin® and Tylan®.