Animal Sciences Commons^™

The Effect Of Disturbance On The Reproduction And Management Of Captive Cranes, Claire M. Mirande, James W. Carpenter, Ann M. Burke

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

A retrospective analysis of egg laying histories and observations of crane pairs at the International Crane Foundation and the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center indicates that disturbance associated with captivity has adverse impacts on captive breeding. Females on public display laid significantly fewer eggs than those off display (P < 0.05). Crane pairs moved to other pens (other than adjacent pens) or hetween facilities laid slightly fewer eggs than those birds which were not moved. although the results were not statistically significant (P = 0.188). Pen design and construction also appeared to have adverse impacts on breeding. In addition, human activities, intraspecific interactions, and rearing methods influence a bird's response to disturbance, and, therefore, these factors must also be considered in an effective crane management program. Modifying procedures to minimize disturbance, timing necessary disturbances after the breeding and molt seasons, and carefully monitoring birds for signs of stress can result in increased reproductive potential for captive, endangered cranes.

Use Of Cross-Fostered Whooping Cranes As Guide Birds, Roderick C. Drewien, Wendy L. Munroe, Kent R. Clegg, Wendy M. Brown

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

We tested the use of wild, cross-fostered, adult whooping cranes (Grus americana) as guide birds to adopt and lead young whooping cranes on a predetermined migration route in the Rocky Mountains. We captured 3 wild adults (1 male and 1 female in 1993, 1 male in 1994) during winter at the Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge (Bosque NWR), New Mexico, and moved them to captive facilities 80 kIn from Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge (Grays Lake), Idaho, where they had originally been raised by sandhill crane (G. canadensis) foster parents. Adults were held for 6.75-7 …

Environmental Assurance Program, Jill Lorenz-Goodrich, Richard K. Koelsch

Nebraska Swine Reports

The popular press has brought environmental challenges in the pork industry to the forefront, making the pork industry a key political issue in several states. In Nebraska, the Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality and the Nebraska Pork Producers Association have been cooperators in providing educational opportunities to producers on how they can meeting the state’s regulations and ensuring production in an environmentally safe manner. The National Pork Producers Council is a partner is this effort through the development of a national curriculum called the Environmental Assurance Program. This educational program stresses the fundamentals of protecting natural resources as well as …

Boar Libido Affects Pubertal Development Of Gilts, Dwane Zimmerman, Thomas Mcgargill, Norm Rohda, Matthew Anderson

Nebraska Swine Reports

Young boars (10 months) expressing either high (HLB) or low (LLB) libido in standardized mating tests were compared for their ability to stimulate earlier puberty in gilts. Boar exposure was initiated when gilts were either 140 or 160 days old to determine whether the effect of boar libido on attainment of puberty in gilts is influenced by sexual maturation (age) of the gilts. Another group of gilts was isolated from boars (NBE, not boar exposed) and served as controls. Gilts exposed to HLB (10 min/day) reached puberty 8.9 days earlier (P < .06) than gilts exposed to LLB. Gilts exposed to boars, regardless of libido level, reached puberty 21 days earlier (P < .01) than the control gilts. Boar exposure initiated at 140 days induced puberty 11.3 days earlier (P < .06) than when initiated at 160 days. Differences in pubertal responses between HLB and LLB were similar when exposure was initiated at 140 or 160 days. Boar libido is an important component of the boar-stimulating effect on puberty in gilts. Therefore, gilts should be exposed to boars with relatively high libido to achieve optimal pubertal development.

The Effect Of Infusion Of Urea Into The Jugular Vein On Feed Intake Of Finishing Gilts, Hsin-Yi Chen, Austin Lewis, Phillip S. Miller

Nebraska Swine Reports

Previous research suggested feed intake was reduced in growing-finishing pigs consuming corn-soybean meal diets high in crude protein. Because urea is the primary end product of the breakdown of excess dietary protein intake, the effect of intravenous infusion of urea solution on feed intake was evaluated. Daily infusions of 24 and 30 g of urea were used to mimic plasma urea concentration of pigs receiving a 25% crude protein (CP) diet. Blood samples were obtained and feed intakes were measured daily to determine plasma urea concentration and average daily feed intake (ADFI). Average daily feed intake was reduced 4% as …

Method Of Detection, Not Type Of Housing, Affects Accuracy And Rapidity Of Estrus Detection In Gilts, Dwane Zimmerman, Denny Aherin

Nebraska Swine Reports

The effects of type of housing (stalls versus pens) and method of heat detection (fence-line boar exposure conducted in-place versus after relocation of gilts to the boar room) on the accuracy and rapidity of estrus detection were evaluated in 24 gilts during two successive estrous periods. Gilts relocated to the boar room showed a higher rate of estrus detection and a more rapid estrous response (P < .05) to fence-line boar exposure (81% and 1.7 min, respectively) than gilts provided fence-line boar exposure in-place (67.5% and 2.3 min, respectively). Gilts housed in stalls and pens showed similar rates of estrus detection (68% and 67%, respectively) but the estrous response to fence-line boar exposure tended to occur more rapidly in gilts housed in pens than in stalls (2.0 versus 2.5 min, P < .1). Gilts not detected in estrus with fence-line boar exposure were slow to respond to a later heat check with physical boar exposure (3.8 min). Physical boar exposure is required for highly accurate heat detection in gilts. For optimal results, boar stimulation should be provided in an environment removed from the residence of the gilts.

Synergism Between Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv) And Salmonella Choleraesuis, Robert Wills, Paula Fedorka-Cray, K.-J. Yoon, Jeffrey Gray, Tom Stabel, J. J. Zimmerman

Nebraska Swine Reports

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of exposure to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Salmonella choleraesuis and stress on young swine. Five week- old segregated early weaned pigs were randomly assigned to one of eight treatments consisting of all possible combinations of three factors: S. choleraesuis (SC) on day zero, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) on day three, and dexamethasone (DEX) on days three to seven. DEX was used as a proxy for stress. Treatment differences were seen in performance parameters, levels and duration of SC shedding, level and distribution of SC in tissues, clinical …

Addition Of Fat To Diets Of Lactating Sows: I. Effects On Lactation Performance And Pig Composition, Scott Tilton, Austin Lewis, Phillip S. Miller, Paul Ermer

Nebraska Swine Reports

An experiment was conducted with 30 lactating sows to determine the effects of high fat lactation diets on the body composition of suckling pigs and sow backfat composition. Sows were provided a lactation diet containing either zero or 10% tallow on an ad libitum basis for a 21-day lactation. No differences in feed intake during lactation were observed, although sows fed tallow consumed more metabolizable energy per day than control sows. Composition of backfat samples taken at weaning from sows suggested an increase in the amount of fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue of control sows. Sows fed tallow weaned …

Identification Of Potential Reintroduction Sites For Whooping Cranes In The Prairie Provinces Of Canada, Dale G. Hjertaas, Brian W. Johns, Wendy J. Lyon

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Action 2.3.3.2.2.1 of the national recovery plan for the whooping crane (Grus americana) calls for the establishment of an independent flock of whooping cranes in Canada, separate from the Wood Buffalo-Aransas flock, that attains a minimum of 25 breeding pairs by 2020 A. D. Potential reintroduction sites include the Prairie Provinces and possibly parts of western Ontario (Edwards et al. 1994). The first step in completing this action is to identify potential reintroduction sites in the 3 Prairie Provinces. We initially screened areas suggested to us by government and Ducks Unlimited biologists. The most important screening criteria were …

Block And Bridle Annual, 1997

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Emblem and Purpose
Historian’s Welcome
Dr. Aberle’s Letter
Members
Officers
Initiates
Advisors, Liaison Committee, Committee Chairs
Animal Science Faculty & Office Staff
Animal Science Graduate Students
Are you an active member?
Kids’ Day, Spring and Fall
Little Ak-Sar-Ben
Regional Meeting
National Meeting
Christmas Luncheon
Beef Pit
Quarter Horse Show
Nebraska Brands – Make your Mark
Honoree of the Year, 1996
Animal Science Scholarship Recipients/Award
Undergraduate Academic Recognition
Judging Team Awards
Big Red Beef Show
Little MAEC Contest
State Agricultural Education Contest
Junior and Senior Meats Judging Team
Meat Animal Evaluation Team
Junior and Senior Livestock Judging Teams …

Proceedings, The Range Beef Cow Symposium Xv. December 9, 10 And 11, 1997, Rapid City, South Dakota

Range Beef Cow Symposium

The Range Beef Cow Symposium is sponsored by the Cooperative Extension Service and Animal Science Departments of South Dakota State University, Colorado State University, the University of Wyoming and the University of Nebraska. The Symposium has a reputation of being an excellent educational program for commercial cow-calf producers, industry and Extension personnel. It is held every other year with the location rotating among the cooperating states.

Agenda and Proceedings Contents

Morning Ramrod: Dr. Jim Males, Head, Department of Animal & Range Sciences, South Dakota State University

Welcome - Dr. Robert Wagner, President, South Dakota State University

Industry Issues

Food Safety …

Lake Winona Committee Documents, Cal R. Fremling

Cal Fremling Papers

Documents for the Lake Winona Committee, including meeting agendas and memos, handwritten notes, and a news clipping from the Winona Daily News concerning a funding plan for dredging Lake Winona. 8 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

Some Children's Books About Elephants (1987-1997), Robert H.I. Dale

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Literature review of children's books about elephants from the Indianapolis Public Library.

Divergent Selection For Heat Loss In Mice: Ii. Correlated Responses In Feed Intake, Body Mass, Body Composition, And Number Born Through Fifteen Generations, Merlyn K. Nielsen, B. A. Freking, L. D. Jones, S. M. Nelson, T. L. Vorderstrasse, B. A. Hussey

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Divergent selection for heat loss (kcal•kg^-.75•d^-1) , measured in 9- to 11-wk-old male mice, was conducted for 15 generations. Selection for high (MH) and low (ML) heat loss and unselected control (MC) occurred in each of three replicates for a total of nine unique lines. Feed intake in males was measured during Generations 9 through 15. Body mass at commencement of mating in females and at time of measurement of heat loss in males was recorded. Body fat percentage at 12 wk for animals of Generations 6, 10, and 14 was predicted as a function of …

Digestibility Of Dry-Rolled Corn, Wet Corn Gluten Feed, And Alfalfa Hay In Receiving And Finishing Diets, Rob Mccoy, Chris Richards, Tony Scott, Rick Stock, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Dan Herold

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Crude protein of wet corn gluten feed is degraded extensively in the rumen. Thus, protein supplementation is an important consideration when feeding wet corn gluten feed, especially in receiving diets.

Wool 2000, Tunbridge Steve

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The Wool 2000 Market Awareness Workshops have been a highly successful venture by Agriculture Western Australia and the International Wool Secretariat. In the past two years over 35 workshops have been held in about as many locations in the southern half of Western Australia, from Gascoyne Junction to Esperance.

Woolpro : The Way To Better Pastures And Sheep, Julia Fry

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

WOOLPRO farmers recognise that sustainable increases in productivity are essentail to maintain and improve income of wool growers.

Finfish Aquaculture In Western Australia, David Berry

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

David Berry surveys fish farming from Broome to Williams, on off shore reefs and in farm dams, for barramundi, silver perch and black bream, trout and tuna.

Cysteine From Feather Meal And Sulfur Amino Acid Requirements For Growing Steers, Mark Klemesrud, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Ninety individually fed steers were used to determine how cysteine from feather meal could replace dietary methionine in meeting their requirements for sulfur amino acids. Treatment proteins included blood meal, blood meal plus incremental levels of feather meal or blood meal plus incremental levels of rumen-protected methionine. Addition of sulfur amino acids to blood meal from feather meal or rumen-protected methionine improved average daily gain (P < .05). Rumen-protected methionine elicited a greater gain response than feather meal (P < .05). Feather meal can provide some of the sulfur amino acids lacking in blood meal. However, additional methionine may further improve performance.

Effect Of Rumensin And Feed Intake Variation On Ruminal Ph, Rob Cooper, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rick Stock, Cal Parrott, Dan Herold

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Six ruminally-fistulated steers were used to evaluate the effect of Rumensin and feed intake variation on ruminal pH. Steers were adapted to a 92.5 percent concentrate diet and then subjected to three levels of intake variation: ad libitum, intake variation of 2 lb/day, and intake variation of 4 lb/day. Feed intakes and ruminal pH were monitored continuously throughout the entire trial. Results indicate that Rumensin reduced acidosis by elevating average ruminal pH and decreasing are of ruminal pH below 5.6. In addition, Rumensin stabilized rate of intake and daily ruminal pH fluctuation at the high level of intake variation.

Supplemental Protein On Performance Of Lactating Beef Heifers, Gene H. Deutscher, Don C. Adams, Duane Farthing, Jim Lamb, David Colburn, Merlyn K. Nielsen

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Feeding supplement with meadow hay increased weights and rebreeding performance of lactating 2-year-old heifers. Exposing non-cycling heifers to bulls two weeks before normal breeding and flushing on green grass stimulated cycling.

Evaluating Breakeven For Various Management Systems For Different Breed Types From Weaning To Slaughter, Cynthia Hayden, Ivan G. Rush, Burt Weichenthal, Brad Van Pelt

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Maximizing summer pasture gain after utilizing cornstalk grazing resulted in lower overall cost of production.

Effect Of Dried Poultry Waste On Performance Of Finishing Yearling Steers, Daniel Herold, Dale Downs, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Mark Klemesrud

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Feeding dried poultry waste is an effective means of supplementing dry-rolled corn finishing diets by providing a portion of the dietary degradable protein and minerals necessary to meet animal requirements.

Evaluation Of Feather Meal For Cows Grazing Cornstalks, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Mark Klemesrud, Drew Shain

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Replacing soybean meal with Sunflower/feather meal is an effective alternative when supplementing cows and heifers grazing corn residue while saving about $50 per ton in ingredient cost.

Cornstalk Grazing In Protected And Unprotected Fields, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, James R. Brandle, Mark Klemesrud

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Calves grazing cornstalks do not require windbreaks during a winter with normal weather. However, it has not been determined if extremely long cold periods would reduce gains of unprotected cattle.

Comparative Grazing Of Corn And Soybean Residue, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Mark Klemesrud, Drew Shain

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cattle gain faster on cornstalks than on a combination of soybean stubble and cornstalks.

Grazing Corn Residues In Conventional And Ridge-Till Planting Systems, D. J. Jordon

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cattle perform similarly on either tillage practice; however, yearly circumstances may affect overall performance. Calves grazing winter stalks will not adversely affect corn yields.

Synchronizing Micotil Treatment With Time Of Sickness In Newly Received Calves, Mark Klemesrud, Michelle Apfel, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Gene White

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Mass treatment with Micotil® 300 of newly received feeder cattle susceptible to bovine respiratory disease can be an effective means of reducing animal morbidity and increasing animal intakes and gains.

Rumen Degradable Protein Requirement Of Gestating Summer Calving Beef Cows Grazing Dormant Native Sandhills Range, Greg Lardy, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams, Jim Lamb, Dick Clark

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Summer calving cows require small amounts of rumen degradable protein supplementation to meet their requirement during late winter.

Cover Crops In Crop/Livestock Production Systems, Gary Lesoing, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Martin Williams, David Mortensen, D. J. Jordon

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cover crops may provide a spring forage source for beef producers. Early spring grazing may reduce the need for harvested or purchased feed and reduce labor costs.