Animal Sciences Commons^™

Economic Aspects Of Reproductive Problems In Utah And Southeastern Idaho Dairy Herds, Steve Lemrick

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

One hundred eighty-seven survey questionnaires asking for reproductive information for 1985 were sent to dairymen in Utah and Southeastern Idaho. Forty- two herds with current DHI information and whose owners or managers completed and returned the questionnaire were used to estimate economic losses due to reproductive problems, especially excessive days open, in Utah and Southeastern Idaho.

Average days open for herds surveyed were 122.4 days with a standard deviation of 22.6 days, and a range of 89 to 177 days. Several factors were significantly correlated with days open including services per conception, previous calving interval, and missed heats. Missed heats …

Selected Parameters Of Reproduction In Rambouillet And St. Croix Ewes, Ronald Cole Evans

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Experiments were conducted to determine the genetic reproductive potential of Rambouillet and St. Croix ewes . Ovulation rate (monthly) and estrus (daily) were observed for two years on 10 ewes of each breed to establish seasonal patterns . Both breeds demonstrated seasonal anestrus from May through July. Ovulation rates reached 2.0 or greater for both breeds during September to November, and decreased to 1.25 by March. Breeding groups for St. Croix and Rambouillet ewes were bred each February and August for five years to establish lambing performance at six month intervals. Age at first lambing was earlier for St. Croix …

Comparative Study Of Elongated Chromosomes In Sheep And Goats And A Proposed Standard, Stephen H. Mensher

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A cell synchronization technique was used that consistently yielded numerous elongated chromosomes, which are necessary for producing high-resolution G-banding. The prometaphase stage of contraction was determined to have the greatest utility for detailed comparative analysis and, therefore, was used in the preparation of the proposed standard high-resolution karyotypes and idiogram.

A proposed standard high-resolution G-band karyotype of the domestic sheep and goat is presented, along with a high-resolution G-band idiogram of the goat. The karyotypes presented contain considerably more bands than contemporary karyotypes and provide much greater resolution for linear differentiation. The X chromosome of the sheep is acrocentric, rather …

Effects Of Grazing Intensity By Sheep On The Production Of Atriplex Nummularia And Sheep Live Weight In Jordan, Kamal I. Tadros

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rangelands in Jordan are deteriorated due to a combination of harsh environmental conditions and human misuse. Jordan is importing increasingly large quantities of meat and animal products to meet the demand from its growing population. Sheep are supplementarily fed during the dry season and large quantities of grain supplements are imported every year.

Significant success has been attained in the establishment of Atriplex nummularia Lindl. (ATNU) in Jordan. There is, however, a general lack of adequate research to determine if ATNU is effectively utilized by local sheep, to what extent it is utilized and to what extent it tolerates grazing. …

Wood And Forage Production In Cleared And Thinned Dry Tropical Woodland: Implications To Goat Nutrition, Walter H. Schacht

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Wood for firewood, fence posts and construction material and forage for domestic livestock are key resources in the caatinga vegetation zone of northeastern Brazil. This experiment was designed as a preliminary assessment of thinned caatinga as the basis of a production system which optimizes forage and wood production. Two levels of thinning (25% and 55% tree canopy cover) were compared to cleared (0% tree canopy cover) and undisturbed (95% tree canopy cover) caatinga in terms of forage and wood production and goat nutrition.

Clearing and thinning of caatinga vegetation resulted in higher amounts of available forage through the wet ·season …

Compounds In Bovine Urine Which Change In Concentration During The Estrous Cycle: Possible Pheromones, Scott Kay Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During the last thirty years it has become increasingly apparent that pheromones play a major role in animal communication. Of economic interest to agriculturalists is the role pheromones play in signaling the state of estrus. The ability to efficiently detect estrus is becoming increasingly important, especially in the management of dairy and beef herds, where artificial insemination is used extensively. The understanding of pheromones may eventually provide a solution to this problem.

The purpose of this study was to identify one or more compounds in the urine of cattle which undergo a change in concentration during the estrous cycle.

In …

Project Reports 1987-1991, Various Authors

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Importance Of Predation By Adult Trout On Mortality Rates Of Fingerling Rainbow Trout Stocked In East Canyon Reservoir, Utah, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Personnel from Utah State University, working in cooperation with the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources and the Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, are attempting to determine various sources of mortality of fingerling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) stocked into mid-elevation reservoirs in the State. Returns of planted fish are often much below desired levels. Angler surveys indicate that in East Canyon Reservoir, fishermen harvest only about 30% of the fingerling trout stocked, and this is a much higher return than in many other waters.

Microhabitat Selection And Diel Movements Of Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) Introduced Into Mid-Elevation Reservoirs In Utah, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Roger Tabor

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

The distribution and movement patterns of fingerling rainbow trout stocked into reservoirs in Utah were investigated with · SCUBA observations and by vertical gill netting. For several weeks after stocking, fingerling trout (ca. 80 mm standard length) were strongly oriented to the shore, and selected habitats providing cover. During the underwater observations, no fish were seen below depths of 2 meters. Two weeks after stocking, the fingerlings were most abundant under docks near where they were planted, indicating that dispersal was relatively slow. Jacob's electivity indices for natural substrates in water 0-1.5 meter deep were in sand, gravel, cobble, boulders …

Progress Report For The Dairy Research Advisory Board, Various Authors

Other Documents

No abstract provided.

Manganese Toxicity In Mice: Evaluation Of Neruochemical And Immunologial Alteration, Benjamart Srisuchart

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Neurochemical and immunological effects of manganese chloride (MnCl₂) were evaluated using young male CD-1 mice as the animal model. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of MnCl₂ (1, 3 and 10 mg/kg) daily for 4 weeks did not produce mortality or overt signs of toxicity in any of the treated animals. Manganese treatment increased the thymidine uptake of cultured splenic cells and the selective lymphoproliferative response to T-cell mitogens, phytohaemagglutinin and concanavalin A, in all the treated groups. No difference in the response to B-cell mitogen, lipopolysaccharide was observed. A dose of 10 mg/kg MnCl₂ increased the mixed lymphocyte …

Factors Affecting Puberty, Estrus And Ovulation In Corriedale And Criollo Sheep Of The Southern Peruvian Highlands, Pedro Walter Bravo Matheus

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This research was conducted at the La Raya experiment station, Cusco, Peru (4200 m elevation, 15°S latitude, and 70 °W longitude) using 60 Corriedale, and 60 Criollo ewes during three consecutive years (April 1981 - March 1984). Age, and weight at puberty, age at physical maturity, and the effects of breed, age (physically immature and mature), year, and month were measured on body weight, incidence of estrus, and incidence and rate of ovulation. There was a significant difference (P<.05) among breed, year, and the interactions for body weight at puberty. The mean age at puberty for 1982-83 was 693.6 days (23.1 months) for Corriedale and 483.3 days (16.1 months) for Criollo. The mean liveweight at puberty was 27.2 kg for Corriedale, and 25.3 kg for Criollo. Corriedale ewe lambs weighed more than Criollo, attained puberty seven months later than Criollo. At comparable age (15-17 months) at the Southern Peruvian Highlands 100 % of the Criollo reached puberty, compared to 58% of the Corriedale. Body weight, incidence of estrus and ovulation were affected (P<.01) by breed, age, year, month, and their interactions. Physical maturity was attained at 39 and 36 months of age for Corriedale, and Criollo, respectively. Weight changes during the year were associated with feed availability. The mean overall incidence of estrus was 45.4 % for Corriedale (43.6 in physically immature, and 47.2 % in mature ewes), and 67.1 % for Criollo ewes (66.3, in physically immature, and 68.7 % in mature ewes). The mean overall incidence of ovulation was 39.6 % for Corriedale (39.7, in physically immature, and 39.5 % in mature ewes), and 58.5 % for Criollo ewes (59.4, in physically immature and 56.7 % in mature ewes). Both breeds demonstrated seasonality of estrus and ovulation with the Corriedale being shorter than the Criollo. The incidence of ovulation in both breeds was less than that of estrus. The ovulation rate was 1.00 for Corriedale, and 1.03 for Criollo (P>.05). Even though Criollo ewes weighed less than Corriedale, they attained puberty earlier, and showed less seasonality in estrus and ovulated …

Effect Of Spring Grazing By Cattle On Growth And Survival Of Shrub Seedlings Interplanted In Crested Wheatgrass, Lynn M. Mcconville

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A short duration-high intensity grazing trial was conducted in spring of 1985 to determine whether shrub establishment in crested wheatgrass pastures could be enhanced through spring grazing by cattle, or by fertilization of shrub seedlings. Data was collected on diet selection by cattle during spring grazing, and on subsequent shrub growth and survival. Shrubs studied were transplants of sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata, fourwing saltbush, Atriplex canescens, bitterbrush, Purshia tridentata, and one year old bitterbrush seedlings.

Cattle did not browse sagebrush or fourwing saltbush transplants, but utilization of bitterbrush transplants and seedlings averaged 15 and 42 percent, respectively. Shrub …

Aspects Of The Feeding Ecology Of The Bonneville Cisco Of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho, David C. Lentz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Bonneville cisco (Prospium gemmiferum), a small planktivorous whitefish, is an important part of the distinctive fish community of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho. The Bonneville cisco plays a key role in the trophic structure by converting zooplankton to fish biomass and providing a major forage source for cutthroat and lake trout. Aspects of cisco feeding ecology studied include characterization of the zooplankton community composition and dynamics and cisco feeding habits and prey selection.

Composition and seasonal dynamics of the zooplankton community were determined for a fifteen month period during 1981-1982. The community was dominated by a calanoid copepod, Epischura …

Vulnerability Of Cougars To Hunting, Dan Barnhurst

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Forty radio-collared cougars (Felis concolor) were monitored for 630 cougar months. Track searches were conducted and tracking information was gathered over a 20-month period. Vulnerability was estimated to be greatest for 0 to 6-month-old kittens. This age class is the most susceptible to starvation after being orphaned, or being killed by hounds when the hunter is unaware of their presence, since their tracks were found with their mother's tracks only 19 percent of the time. Tracks of 7 to 12-month old kittens were found with their mother's tracks 43 percent of the time. Relative road-crossing frequencies of seven …

Progress Report For The Dairy Research Advisory Board, Various Authors

Other Documents

No abstract provided.

Seventh Biennial Cheese Industry Conference, Various Authors

Cheese Industry Conference

No abstract provided.

Proceedings -- National Wilderness Research Conference: Current Research, United States Department Of Agriculture, Forest Service

Forestry

Includes more than 70 reports of current wilderness research. Papers are organized around nine topics: wilderness resource research, including natural fire, air quality, impacts to soil and vegetation, fish and wildlife, and water; and wilderness user research related to recreational use and user characteristics, attitudes and behavior, benefits, and management concepts and tools.

Forage Utilization Estimated By Height-Weight And Grazed-Plant Methods, Joann Clark

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Determining utilization has been one of the most difficult tasks required of range scientists down through the years (Pieper 1973). Utilization is defined as the portion of the current year's growth of the plant that the animal consumes or destroys. For this reason it is difficult to measure utilization because you are trying to measure something that no longer exists.

Numerous methods have been developed for determining utilization. Some methods are rapid while others are more detailed and time consuming, but may give greater accuracy.

This study was done to see how well utilization estimates made by the grazed-plant method …

The Role Of Plant Hormones In Grass Tiller Development, Marit Snow

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Two bunchgrass species commonly found in the Intermountain West, Agropyron spicatum and A. desertorum, are morphologically similar but respond to defoliation very differently. A. desertorum produces more daughter tillers and is more hardy than A. spicatum. Hormones were applied to experimental plants to observe changes in tillering rates, growth rates, and response of plants to the stress of exogenous hormone application. Gibberellic acid treatments were related to increased tiller height in both species, but also a decrease in daughter tiller production in A. desertorum and an increase in senescence in A. spicatum. Kinetin increased senescence in A. desertorum. Auxin showed …

Effect Of Overall Indispensible Amino Acid Levels On Performance Of Broiler Chicks, Jack D. Kelly

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An attempt was made to determine the effect of overall indispensible amino acids (IAAs) level on growth rate and efficiency of broiler chicks. There were two overall levels: the low (8.33% IAA, 17.6% CP containing all IAAs at the minimum requirement found in preliminary studies), and the high (10.77% IAA, 21.5% CP with IAAs increased by 28%). Both diets contained 13.7 Megajoules ME (3277 Kcal) per kilogram.

These two diets along with other variations of the two diets were fed to Hubbard chicks. Growth rate, with the low IAA diet was as good as with the high, but feed efficiency …

Color Vision In The Bovine, B. John Gilbert

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Eight heifers were trained using operant conditioning to press a plate to receive a feed reward. Different wavelengths of light were presented as correct and incorrect stimuli. Positive and negative responses to the stimuli were registered electronically. Daily sessions of 17 minutes were conducted in a chamber with external light being excluded.

The duration of the stimulus was fixed at 17 seconds after which stimuli were randomly presented. Only presses on the plate when the correct stimulus was presented were reinforced with feed. A 75% correct choice was the criterion used as acceptable discrimination.

Ratios of correct to incorrect responses …

Predicting Digestibilities Of Alfalfa Hays With Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, David H. Clark

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Forty-four alfalfa hays from different cuttings, maturities, and locations were fed to sheep in a digestion study. Subsamples of the hays along with corresponding fecal samples were ground and analyzed for dry matter, (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and permanganate lignin. In vivo digestibility (IVDMD) were also determined fro each hay.

The hay and fecal samples were scanned with a near infrared reflectance spectrophotometer. Chemical and digestible data for each hay and fecal sample were entered into the computer and separate multiple regression equations developed.

Fifteen other alfalfa hays with …

Coprecipitation Of Phosphorus With Calcium Carbonate In Bear Lake, Utah - Idaho, Paul W. Birdsey Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Monitoring of Bear Lake was conducted in 1981 and 1982 to describe the current limnology and trophic state of the lake. The nutrient loadings of various parameters were measured from April, 1981 through June, 1982. The rate of coprecipitation of phosphorus was determined for different initial phosphorus concentrations by use of non-algal assays. Algal bioassays with Selenastrum capricornutum were used to determine the reduction in potential algal biomass as a result of the coprecipitation of phosphorus.

The lake exhibited chemical characteristics indicative of mesotrophy or eutrophy. Total phosphorus values averaged 11μg/1 for 1981 and 20 μg/1 for 1982. A hypolimnetic …

The Vertical Distribution And Feeding Chronology Of Larval Bear Lake Sculpin (Cottus Extensus) In Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho, D. Neverman Devroy, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, S. Ohlhorst

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Preliminary sampling in Bear Lake, Utah/Idaho, with bottom trawls and larval fish nets indicate