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Articles 61 - 90 of 129

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Aspects Of Nesting Ecology Of The Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys Terrapin) In Rhode Island, Caitlin C. Goodwin Jan 1994

Aspects Of Nesting Ecology Of The Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys Terrapin) In Rhode Island, Caitlin C. Goodwin

Open Access Master's Theses

I studied the only known nesting population of diamondback terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin) in Rhode Island at Nockum Hill Wildlife Sanctuary, Barrington, Bristol County and characterized aspects of the nesting behavior and ecology of this population, described nest site habitat characteristics and factors affecting nest success, and compared my findings to other described Malaclemys populations. A total of 241 nests was found at Nockum Hill in 1993. Terrapins tended to nest in the morning and near the time of high tide. Mammalian predators, primarily raccoons, destroyed 75 of 86 monitored nests. Fifty-five percent of the surviving clutches were oviposited …

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The Role Played By Semisubmersible Exploratory Drilling Platforms As A Vector In Marine Biological Introductions, Sean S. Bercaw Jan 1993

The Role Played By Semisubmersible Exploratory Drilling Platforms As A Vector In Marine Biological Introductions, Sean S. Bercaw

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Through discussion of Semisubmersible Exploratory Drilling Platforms and their role as vectors in marine biological introductions, this paper establishes a base of knowledge for future referral. Included in this project are details of semisubmersibles, their unique characteristics and operations, historical movements, past introductions, future operations, and continuing potential for invasions. The significance of semisubmersibles as biological vectors is further addressed. Three criteria will be used to assess the significance of the role of semisubmersibles in the introduction of alien species: first, what is the rate of SEDP movements over time; second, how are SEDP movements unique, and what role does …

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Linking Management And Markets: The Northwest Atlantic Sea Herring Industry And The Case For "Regional" Quotas, Peter Jessup Moore Jan 1993

Linking Management And Markets: The Northwest Atlantic Sea Herring Industry And The Case For "Regional" Quotas, Peter Jessup Moore

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This review and characterization of the U.S. Atlantic sea herring fishery and industry analyzes opportunities for and constraints to developing the herring resource more fully. Chapter 1 describes the herring resource, the existing fishery, and reviews current research into the international transboundary migrations of the Atlantic sea herring. Chapters 2 and 3 describe the development of the herring fishery management plan in the context of the global herring market and the management complications that arise from the transboundary migrations of the stocks. Examples of successful linkages between fisheries management and market development are described in Chapter 4 to illustrate the …

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Study Of An Endangered Species Enhancement Program In Coastal Wetlands: Public Perceptions And Management Strategies, Virginia Marueen Witkowski Jan 1993

Study Of An Endangered Species Enhancement Program In Coastal Wetlands: Public Perceptions And Management Strategies, Virginia Marueen Witkowski

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Understanding what motivates public perception and actions is important in assessing public response and forecasting the success of resource management plans. Failure of the policy makers to foresee public reaction can result in expensive delays, bad press and lengthy court battles which at best, increases the cost of implementation and at worst stops resource management projects altogether. An endangered species management program was stopped at the Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge in Southern California when an animal right's organization protested the euthanizing of non-native red foxes where were decimating endangered populations of California Least terns and Clapper rails in the …

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Conflicts In Use: The Impacts Of The Oil And Gas Industry On The Herring Fishery In The North Sea, Cornelia Ann Pasche Jan 1993

Conflicts In Use: The Impacts Of The Oil And Gas Industry On The Herring Fishery In The North Sea, Cornelia Ann Pasche

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The interaction of the herring (Clupea harengus) with the oil and gas industry in the North Sea is reviewed. The population crash of the herring in the early 1970's and the subsequent closing of that important fishery between 1977 and 1983 has drawn considerable attention to the influences, both biotic and abiotic, affecting the recruitment to the North Sea stock. Current accepted theory points to a change in oceanic current and the subsequent decrease in salinity in the North Sea region, resulting in a change in plankton availability for larval herring as the cause of the recruitment failure during the …

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Fisheries Under The Extended Jurisdiction Of Sri Lanka, Hewawasan S.G. Fernando Jan 1992

Fisheries Under The Extended Jurisdiction Of Sri Lanka, Hewawasan S.G. Fernando

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Fishing has been an important economic activity in Sri Lanka for generations. Firstly, the fisheries sector provides employment to a substantial portion of the population particularly in the coastal area. Secondly, it provides 65 percent of animal protein consumed by the people of Sri Lanka. Thirdly, the fishing industry has proved its capabilities as an earner of foreign exchange through the export of marine product such as prawns, lobsters and other varieties. In 1977 Sri Lanka declared its 200 miles Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) under the new regime for the Law of the Sea. The government of Sri Lanka formulated …

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Sea-Surface Temperature Related Fisheries And Resource Markets, Jeffrey Michael Rasinski Jan 1992

Sea-Surface Temperature Related Fisheries And Resource Markets, Jeffrey Michael Rasinski

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This thesis addresses the potential application of sea-surface temperature (SST) data to economic resource markets. It considers the revolution in technology and the accessibility of timely, accurate SST observations for resource markets. Specifically, it addresses issues related to pelagic fisheries and the fish meal industry. The thesis presents a discussion and overview of the upwelling ecosystem of Peru and the Peruvian anchovy (Engraulis ringens) including quantitative analysis and forecasts for the fishery and fish meal prices. This analysis is used to demonstrate the commercial application and relationship between SST and related resource markets. The thesis establishes a bioeconomic statistical model …

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Effects Of The Hol Chan Marine Reserve (Belize) On Associated Coral Reef Finfish Populations, Pamela Barrick Baker Jan 1992

Effects Of The Hol Chan Marine Reserve (Belize) On Associated Coral Reef Finfish Populations, Pamela Barrick Baker

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

People throughout the Caribbean depend on fishery resources for subsistence and income. Overfishing is a concern in many areas and the need for resource management is apparent. Coral reef protected areas are being used to maintain sustainable tropical reef fisheries. This research examined the effectiveness of the Hol Chan marine Reserve (HCMR), Belize, in meeting fisheries management objectives. Fishes were surveyed within the HCMR and in a comparable non-protected site to examine changes in fish community structure over time in the HCMR and between protected and non-protected sites. Results show that abundance, mean length, biomass, and species richness of commercially …

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Mariculture Management For Pohnpei State, Federated States Of Micronesia, Kevin Brooks Foster Jan 1991

Mariculture Management For Pohnpei State, Federated States Of Micronesia, Kevin Brooks Foster

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The Marine Resources Division of Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia is currently engaged in development activities that include the establishment of family scale mariculture projects for community members of remote villages and outer islands. The goal of this undertaking is to supplement subsistence and income generation ventures for community members through the wise use and exploitation of the marine environment. These aims may be jeopardized unless a management plan is devised that reflects the customary marine resource practices as embraced by islanders from each community. The intent of this thesis projects is to devise a mariculture management model that …

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Factors Influencing The Role Of Women In Indonesian Fisheries Development, Melissa A. Upton Jan 1991

Factors Influencing The Role Of Women In Indonesian Fisheries Development, Melissa A. Upton

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Gender consideration is an essential component of fishery development activities. The purpose of this thesis is to help guide planners and decision-makers who are concerned with understanding the role of women in fisheries development in general as well as in the Republic of Indonesia. Thus, it is partially based upon field research conducted in Indonesia among fishing communities which are representative of different types of fisheries. Justification for research concerning the role of women in the fisheries sector and the reasons why women should be included in development policy and planning are presented in Chapter I. The general research setting, …

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The Gulf Of California As A Large Marine Ecosystem, Patricia A. Morrissey Jan 1991

The Gulf Of California As A Large Marine Ecosystem, Patricia A. Morrissey

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Large marine regions characterized by unique bathymetry, hydrography and productivity, within which marine populations have adapted reproductive, growth, and feeding strategies constitute large marine ecosystems (LME) (Sherman and Alexander, 1986). The Gulf of California a semi-enclosed sea off the western coast of Mexico qualifies as a LME as it presents physical and biological characteristics not found in the adjoining Pacific. This area sustains the largest commercial fishery in the country which is the sardine fishery. the sardine population resident in the Gulf of California has coupled its reproductive and migration strategies to the environment of this region. Fluctuations of the …

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Prospects For Fisheries Development In West Africa, Steven K. Ireland Jan 1991

Prospects For Fisheries Development In West Africa, Steven K. Ireland

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The production of food is a primary concern for the countries of Africa. Marine fisheries can contribute toward alleviating undernutrition and provide employment opportunities in developing countries. In West Africa there are substantial marine fisheries resources but there is a need for development and improved management of these resources. Fisheries development efforts have thus far achieved limited success in the region. However, there is considerable potential for increasing the contribution of fisheries to economic development if the problems of fisheries development can be overcome.

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Possibilities For A Common Fisheries Development And Management Policy For The Organization Of Eastern Caribbean States (O.E.C.S.), Daven C. Joseph Jan 1991

Possibilities For A Common Fisheries Development And Management Policy For The Organization Of Eastern Caribbean States (O.E.C.S.), Daven C. Joseph

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The fisheries resources within the EEZs of countries in the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States is not being exploited at their maximum sustainable yield. Fisheries development has however been hampered by a history of these states, little or no sectoral development planning. If member states are to realize any increased socio-economic growth in the fisheries sector, it is imperative that a common fisheries management and development strategy be implemented by these states, in an effort to rationalize the use of scarce financial and technical resources. Such a strategy would involve the pursuance of common goals and objectives and the provision …

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Striped Bass Management In Rhode Island, Thomas N. Fetherston Ii Jan 1991

Striped Bass Management In Rhode Island, Thomas N. Fetherston Ii

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The management of highly migratory marine species is a difficult and complex task. No creature better represents the myriad problems faced by those attempting interstate fisheries management than the striped bass of the Atlantic coast. Their high stock levels in the late 1960s attracted unprecedented attention from commercial and sport fishermen alike. The dramatic crash of these stocks in the late 1970s, subsequent attempts at coastwide management, eventual Federal intervention and finally the rebound of the Atlantic striped bass population is an interesting case study. This paper will focus on what transpired in the State of Rhode Island during this …

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Malaysia And The Law Of The Sea, Mohd Fadzil Shuhaimi Jan 1991

Malaysia And The Law Of The Sea, Mohd Fadzil Shuhaimi

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The new legal regime of the oceans has brought many changes in the Malacca Strait. The most recent one in the enactment of the Malaysian Exclusive Economic Zone Act 1984 as corollary to its proclamation on the Exclusive Economic Zone in 1980. A year later, the Fisheries Act 1985 was enacted by Malaysia as a result of increasing needs to address new issues in fisheries protection and management in the Malaysian fisheries waters. The conclusion of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, among other things, has improvised the concept of transit passage in the straits …

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Fisheries Development And Its Role For Alleviating Nutritional Deficiency In Mauritania, Dia Mamadou Abdoul Jan 1990

Fisheries Development And Its Role For Alleviating Nutritional Deficiency In Mauritania, Dia Mamadou Abdoul

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Security of food supply is one of the greatest problems that Mauritania continues to face. Fisheries development, both artisanal and industrial, has the potential of providing an increased and reliable low-cost source of animal protein and it could also help to alleviate the problems of the agricultural sector. The main focus of this paper will be upon fisheries development in Mauritania and how it may contribute to alleviating malnutrition. The examination of Mauritania's fisheries policy, the significance of the political and economic context in which fishing policy was formulated, the effects that these different policies have on Mauritania's overall development …

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The Canadian-American Dispute Over Dixon Entrance, Mary Kathleen Morrissey Jan 1990

The Canadian-American Dispute Over Dixon Entrance, Mary Kathleen Morrissey

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The body of water between the southern tip of Alaska's panhandle and British Columbia's Queen Charlotte islands, known as Dixon Entrance, is one of four external maritime boundaries between the United States and Canada. This particular boundary has been an area of dispute ever since it was established and settlement does not appear to be imminent. yet, this dispute continues to create poor management of fish stocks, trade disruption, feelings of frustration among fishermen of both nations, and in general, it remains a thorn in the side of United States-Canadian relations. In this paper I intend to review the history …

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Fishermen, Dealers And The Auction System: A Case Study Of Rabo De Peixe, Sao Miguel, Azores, Carlos Teixeira Jan 1990

Fishermen, Dealers And The Auction System: A Case Study Of Rabo De Peixe, Sao Miguel, Azores, Carlos Teixeira

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This thesis presents an examination of the fish auction system in the Azores and three New England ports; Boston, New Bedford and Portland. On the island of Sao Miguel, the village of Rabo de Peixe was selected as a case study where a survey of local fishermen and dealers was conducted. Data obtained through interviews provided some insights into the socio-economic status of local fishermen and how they perceive infrastructure improvements, government support and changes in the auction system. Most importantly, an attempt is made in this study to compare the organizational and administrative aspects of U.S. auction systems in …

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Conflict Of Use At Moonstone Beach (R.I.); Nude Bathing At A National Wildlife Refuge, Marielena Scanlon Jan 1990

Conflict Of Use At Moonstone Beach (R.I.); Nude Bathing At A National Wildlife Refuge, Marielena Scanlon

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Nude bathing in the coastal zone has become a challenging issue for coastal managers. This thesis focuses on the conflicts involving public uses of a beach on a national wildlife refuge. The beach is nesting habitat for the piping plover (Charadrius melodus), a species listed as threatened on the federal Endangered Species List. The beach has also been traditionally used by nude bathers. The study consists of six parts: a brief natural history of the piping plover; management problems of federal refuges; the history and political conflicts relevant to the recreational use of this beach; an analysis of the users …

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Formulation Of A Management Scheme For The Swordfish Fishery Of The Eastern Caribbean, Harold F. Upton Jan 1989

Formulation Of A Management Scheme For The Swordfish Fishery Of The Eastern Caribbean, Harold F. Upton

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

During the 1983 season, two U.S. longline vessels initiated the first attempts at the commercial exploitation of swordfish in the Eastern Caribbean. In 1986, the number of U.S. vessels participating in the fishery surpassed 40 with landings of nearly two million pounds per season. The sudden influx of participants and technology to the region has resulted in a variety of user conflicts and associated policy issues. Major areas of concern involve the conservation of a heavily exploited resource and the distribution of benefits which accrue from resource exploitation among the resource-adjacent island states and U.S. fishing operations. This study examines …

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Socioeconomic Aspects Of Small-Scale Commercial Fisheries Development In The Republic Of The Marshall Islands, Cheryl Ann Mandich Jan 1989

Socioeconomic Aspects Of Small-Scale Commercial Fisheries Development In The Republic Of The Marshall Islands, Cheryl Ann Mandich

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This study examines the sociocultural aspects of fishery development in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. It is based upon field research conducted through interviews with indigenous fisherfolk, business people, and expatriates. The Marshall Islands were selected because they have a limited economic base, yet have abundant fishery resources which have considerable potential to generate foreign exchange. Many studies focus on the technical aspects of fishery resource development. However, none address the sociocultural factors that influence its success. This thesis demonstrates that several aspects of Marshallese fishing society, some of which correspond to characteristics of the peasantry identified by Rogers …

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Antarctic Peninsula Mysticete Whales: Conservation And Research, Gregory Schofield Stone Jan 1989

Antarctic Peninsula Mysticete Whales: Conservation And Research, Gregory Schofield Stone

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper reports original research from two recent studies in the Antarctic Peninsula area, reviews past sighting information and policies affecting mysticete whales, and recommends future research. Due to poor management by the International Whaling Commission, mysticete whales are among the most severely depleted species groups in the Antarctic. The combined total Antarctic harvest from 1920 to 19867 for blue Balaenoptera musculus, fin B. physalus, sei B. borealis, minke B. acutorostrata and humpback Megaptera novaeangliae whales was over one million animals. The effect of this hunting pressure is the dominant factor determing the present status of Antarctic …

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Perceptions Of The Texas State And Federal Closures Among Inshore Shrimpers In Galveston Bay, Texas And Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, Nina H. Garfield Jan 1989

Perceptions Of The Texas State And Federal Closures Among Inshore Shrimpers In Galveston Bay, Texas And Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, Nina H. Garfield

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The inshore shrimp fisheries along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico represent a significant portion of the total shrimp harvest in the Gulf. The shrimp harvest is allocated to the offshore and inshore fisheries through the use of season closures. In 1981, the Gulf of Mexico Regional Fisheries Management Council began implementing a policy known as the Texas Closure; a seasonal closure of the waters of the Federal Conservation Zone concurrent with the traditional season closure of the state waters of Texas. One impact of the Texas Closure on the offshore fishery has been fleet displacement from Texas to …

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Problems And Opportunities For The Republic Of China In Regard To Distant Water Tuna Fisheries, Chih-I Sha May 1988

Problems And Opportunities For The Republic Of China In Regard To Distant Water Tuna Fisheries, Chih-I Sha

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The extension of fishery jurisdiction out to 200 miles from the baselines used to measure the territorial sea by most of the coastal states was the dominant event in global fisheries during the decade of the 1970s. In principle, under extended jurisdiction, the coastal states have the authority to eliminate economic waste and to reduce excessive fishing pressure; on the other hand, the distant water fishing states will have to curtail their fishing activities from the traditional fishing grounds off the coastal states. The Republic of China is a typical distant water fishing state, and is seriously impacted by the …

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A Case For The Decentralization Of Tuna Management: The East Pacific Tuna Fishery, Mark Alexander Murray-Brown Jan 1988

A Case For The Decentralization Of Tuna Management: The East Pacific Tuna Fishery, Mark Alexander Murray-Brown

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The east pacific tuna fishery has been a highly controversial industry due to a variety of biological, economic and political factors. Tuna are a highly migratory species and are known to move across areas of the ocean that are claimed by different nations. The high economic value of the tuna fishery has enhanced the dispute over the positioning of many of these national boundaries. During the middle of the twentieth century international fishery organizations were created in an attempt to resolve many of the issues. The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC) was created to make management recommendations to maintain the …

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Tuna Fishery In The East Central Atlantic Region: The Feasibility Of Nigeria's Participation, Aderemi Olasupo Abioye Jan 1987

Tuna Fishery In The East Central Atlantic Region: The Feasibility Of Nigeria's Participation, Aderemi Olasupo Abioye

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Tuna fishery is widely practiced in the east central Atlantic region by many fleets of different nationality. Most of the catch is taken by distant-water fleets. The new Law of the Sea convention, which gives coastal states an exclusive economic zone with outer limit of 200 miles, now allows the coastal states to make the most use of the living resources in their waters. The surplus shall be allocated to other states in the region and those traditionally fishing in the area before. Nigeria with a population of about 100 million people spends substantial foreign exchange annually on the importation …

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An Analysis Of The Massachusetts Inshore Lobster Fishery, Peter Robertson Hoar Jan 1987

An Analysis Of The Massachusetts Inshore Lobster Fishery, Peter Robertson Hoar

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this thesis was to explore the limited entry alternative of fishery management by examining the history of a particular limited entry scheme: the Massachusetts inshore commercial lobster fishery license limitation law. A review was made of existing limited entry theory, followed by a description of limited entry programs extant in U.S. fisheries. The legislative and political histories of the Massachusetts lobster fishery limited entry program was then examined. The limited entry law was then analyzed by comparing what actually occurred with what is supposed to occur according to limited entry theory. A quantitative analysis of changes in …

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A Multidisciplinary Analysis Of The Imposition Of Countervailing Duties On Canadian Groundfish Imports, Richard A. Pearson Jan 1987

A Multidisciplinary Analysis Of The Imposition Of Countervailing Duties On Canadian Groundfish Imports, Richard A. Pearson

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This thesis provides a multidisciplinary analysis of the circumstances which surrounded the successful imposition of a countervailing duty on whole Canadian groundfish, and indicates what implications this action may have for the future. First, it will situate the countervailing duty investigation in terms of its relationship with U.S. statutes, and also with the Nation's international obligations. Then, the impact of the duty is examined to see how it might affect a potential free trade agreement with Canada. Similarly, the thesis projects what effect the duty will have in establishing a precedent, and assesses the likelihood of imposing similar duties on …

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A Review Of The Management And Current Status Of Northern Fur Seals Of The Pribilof Islands, Holly Hansell Jan 1986

A Review Of The Management And Current Status Of Northern Fur Seals Of The Pribilof Islands, Holly Hansell

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The North pacific fur seals of Alaska's Pribilof Islands have been subjected to commercial harvest for nearly 200 years. The harvest has been regulated under international agreement almost continuously since 1911; first under the 1911 North Pacific Fur Seal Convention, and following that under the 1957 Interim Convention on Conservation of North Pacific Fur Seals. Both Conventions banned pelagic sealing and divided the restricted land harvest among the four member states, the United States, Canada, Japan, and the Soviet Union. Management under the 1911 convention resulted in a steady increase in the severely depleted fur seal herd, restoring the population …

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The Development Of The Shrimp Mariculture Industry In Ecuador And Its Impact On The U.S. Market, Richard A. Norton Jan 1986

The Development Of The Shrimp Mariculture Industry In Ecuador And Its Impact On The U.S. Market, Richard A. Norton

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The demand for tropical shrimp is increasing at a much higher rate than other fish and seafood commodities. With this increase in demand, there has been enormous interest to expand global shrimp production. Mariculture, the term used to describe the practice of farming animal and/or plant life from the sea, has created new opportunities and problems for the future of the global shrimp industry. Since shrimp is considered a high-value food commodity, the development has drawn interest from many United States and European investors. One country in particular, Ecuador, which will be the focus of this discussion, has exemplified many …

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