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Steps For Warner-Bratzler Shear Force Assessment Of Cooked Beef Longissimus Steaks At South Dakota State University, K. W. Bruns, D. M. Wulf, R. H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

This article outlines the current protocol for measuring tenderness of cooked beef longissiumus steaks at South Dakota State University using a Warner-Bratzler shear machine.

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The Influence Of Body Weight And Marbling Epd On The Relationship Of Intramuscular Fat Content And The Value Of Lean Retail Product In Serially Slaughtered Angus Steers, K. W. Bruns, R. H. Pritchard, D. L. Boggs

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

It is unclear how age, physiological maturity, and genetics affect intramuscular fat (IM) desposition in cattle. The study used beef cattle of known age and parentage to study the development of primal cuts, total carcass fat and IM fat depots as part of the growth process. Selecting cattle for marbling with the use of paternal grandsire's EPD for marbling was not indicative of differences in the onset or the rate, of development of marbling. Greater differences in EPD for marbling may be needed to observe phenotypic differences. Harvest group affected the level and extent of marbling (P<.10), however there was no harvest group x marbling group interactions indicating no differences occurred in the pattern of marbling development due to marbling EPD. Carcasses expressed a Small degree of marbling between the hot carcass weights of 550 and 650 Ibs. and at a back fat depth of approximately .30 in. In this study utilizing non-implanted steers of the same breed, we found that as days on feed increased, hot carcass weights, back fat depth, and percent carcass fat increased along with marbling score as well as percent 12th rib lipid content. No differences were observed in the weight of the primal cuts when expressed as a percentage of the chilled carcass between marbling groups at each of the five end points. As HCW increased across harvest groups, primal weight increased without a change in the percentage of the carcass represented by the middle meats (sirloin, shortloin, rib).

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Effects Of Breed-Type And Breeding System On Efficiency Of Weaned Calf Production, D. M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of cow breed-type (two-breed rotations of Simmental x Hereford, Angus x Hereford, and Tarentaise x Hereford) and breeding system (rotational vs terminal sires) on production efficiency to weaning. Cows were limit fed in drylot for one year to simulate weight change of range cows. Both cow breed-type and sire type significantly affected efficiency of weaned calf production (weaning weight divided by cow and calf creep feed ME intake). However, there was an interaction of cow breed-type with breeding system for efficiency of weaned calf production. In particular, Hereford-sired Simmental-Hereford cows had …

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Associations Of Beef Production Traits With Polymorphisms In The Growth Hormone Gene And Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Gene, D. M. Marshall, J. Kim

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

The effects of cow and (or) calf genotype for two candidate gene markers [growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) genes] on production traits were evaluated in a beef cattle herd. The GH polymorphism is located in exon V of the GH gene and is associated with a leucine/valine amino acid substitution. The IGF-1 polymorphism is located in the 5' flanking region of the IGF-1 gene. Cow GH genotype was not significantly associated with cow production traits (milk yield, average weight, hip height, and condition score) or progeny weight at birth or weaning. The regression of weaning weight on …

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Comparison Of Estradiol-Trenbolone Acetate Implant Programs For Yearling Steers Of Two Genotypes, Robbi H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Yearling steers (n = 400) were used to evaluate relative payout periods for implants when feeding high grain content diets. Implant treatments included (1) control (nonimplanted), (2) Synovex Plus, (3) revalor-S, and (4) Ralgrorevalor-S. The Synovex Plus (2), revalor-S (3) and Ralgro (4) were administered on day 1. The reimplant with revalor-s (4) was administered after 56 d on feed. Steers were managed in two groups. Initial BW and days fed were 782 Ib, 131 d (Group I), and 661 Ib, 145 d (Group 11). Implants increased production rates and efficiencies, increased carcass size and reduced marbling when compared to …

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An Evaluation Of Three Trm Feed-Mixing Wagons, B. J. Johnson, R. H. Pritchard, S. L. Bjornson, W. M. Cerkoney

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Three mixer wagons, three-auger, reel-type auger, and four-auger, were used to evaluate the adequacy of mix of a grower diet. All three mixers were considered in good mechanical condition. The grower diet contained 12.4% rolled corn, 23.7% wet corn gluten feed, 42% soybean hulls, 15.8% grass hay, and 6.19% liquid supplement on an as-is basis. Monensin was added to the diet at 28glton on an as-fed basis. Samples were obtained after 2, 4, 6, and 8 minutes (min) of mixing. Following the 8-min mixing time, the feed was unloaded as a windrow onto a concrete pad. Samples were obtained from …

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Effect Of Calving Time And Weaning Time On Feedlot Performance - A Preliminary Report, R. J. Pruitt, B. J. Johnson, W. B. Epperson, B. D. Rops

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Cows grazing native range year round at the SDSU Cottonwood Research Station were allotted to 3 management systems; Group 1) a calving season starting in mid March with calves weaned in late October, Group 2) a calving season starting in mid March with calves weaned in mid September, and Group 3) a calving season starting early May with calves weaned in late October. Following weaning the steer calves are transported to the Southeast South Dakota Experiment Farm. For two calf crops the steer calves have been fed a high grain diet for maximum gain from weaning to harvest. Group 2 …

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Relative Feed Values For High Fiber Corn And Conventional Corn Silage For Growing Steers, C. J. Mueller, R. H. Pritchard, Z. W. Wicks Iii

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

The relative feed value of a corn variety developed for the primary purpose of corn silage production was evaluated using a 70-d steer growing trial. The high fiber corn (CSV1) and conventional corn (CSV2) varieties were planted in adjacent plots and harvested at approximately 30% DM. Silage varieties were stored in separate bunker silos and allowed to ferment for 52 d. CSVl yielded 5.4 T/acre while CSV2 yielded 4.7 T/acre (DM basis). Variety affected (P<.001) NDF (43.3% vs 38.6%), ADF (24.1% vs 20.2%), lignin (5.7% vs 4.6%), starch (18.69% vs 30.18%) and CP content (7.37% vs 6.89%) of CSVl and CSV2, respectively. IVDMD was not, different (P>. 10) between varieties. One hundred sixty steers were divided into light (516 ± 7.1 Ib.) and heavy (595 ± 9.7 Ib.) BW groups. Steers …

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Influence Of Dietary Mp On The Production Rates And N Usage By Steers Fed High Grain Content Diets, R. H. Pritchard, K. W. Bruns, S. J. Bierman

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

An experiment was conducted to determine if dietary metabolizable protein (MP) could be manipulated to reduce N content of feedlot effluent without compromising production rates in yearling steers fed high grain content diets. Three feeding programs included: LO) 11 % CP fed throughout; HI) 13% CP fed throughout; and LHL) 11 % fed from d 1 to 35, 13% CP (HI) fed d 36 to 94 and 1 1 % CP (LO) fed from d 95 to 1 17. An estradiol-trenbalone acetate implant was administered on d 35. There were 5 pens of 8 steers (BW=7561b) assigned to each treatment. …

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Field Peas In Finishing Cattle Diets And The Effect Of Processing, C. P. Birkelo, B. J. Johnson, B. D. Rops

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Field peas are usually grown for human consumption. However, quality problems can make them available at times for feeding to livestock. Field peas contain a moderate amount of protein (20-29%) which is highly rumen degradable. They are high in starch (41- 54%) and low in fiber (<9%) suggesting fairly high energy content. The few cattle feeding studies conducted to date have focused on their use in dairy cows and growing calves. No feeding trials have apparently been conducted with finishing cattle fed high-energy diets. The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate yellow field peas as a replacement for soybean meal and corn grain in a high energy finishing diet and 2) to determine whether or not rolling altered their feeding value.

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The Effects Of Energy Sournce And Yeast (Biosaf Sc47) On Feedlot Performance During The Receiving Period, B. J. Johnson, B. D. Rops

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of soyhulls and Biosaf yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on feedlot performance during the receiving period of newly weaned calves. Two energy sources; corn and soyhulls were fed with or without Biosaf yeast (10g/hd/d). We utilized 154 head of newly weaned steer calves (BW=509 Ib). Energy source had no effect (P>.10) on feedlot performance during the 35d receiving period. Inclusion of Biosaf yeast had no effect on feedlot performance during the 35d receiving period. Consequently, feed cost of gain ($/cwt) was identical for all treatments. Those results indicate soyhulls can replace corn in …

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Evaluating The Agronomic Feasibility Of Planting Late Season Corn For Feedlot Cattle, W. M. Cerkony, R. H. Pritchard, Z. W. Wicks Iii

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Yield, Ib/acre, bushel weight (BD), Ib/bu, relative maturity (RELMAT), chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) were used to screen corn varieties In = 20) of varying maturities grown under the stress of a shortened growing season. Corn varieties were planted in late June of 1996. Whole shell corn (WSC) and ear corn (EC) were harvested. Bushel weight was quantified on WSC. Yields for WSC, and EC were 1941 + 706 and 2307 ± 997 Ib DM/acre, respectively. Whole shell corn and EC were sorted into yield (YGP) groups. Whole shell corn yields were 2942 ± 248, 2305 …

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Interpreting Experiment Results, D M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

No abstract provided.

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Effect Of Calving Time And Weaning Time On Cow And Calf Performance - A Preliminary Report, R. J. Pruitt, B. Epperson, B. Johnson, D. Zalesky, R. Haigh, D. Young

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Cows grazing native range year round were allotted to 3 management systems: 1.) A calving season starting in mid March with calves weaned in late October; 2) A calving season starting in mid March with calves weaned in mid September; and 3) A calving season starting early May with calves weaned in late October. After 2 years of the study, pregnancy rate and calving interval were not affected by management system. Average weaning weight was the highest for the March calving/October weaned group in both years. In the first year of the study, severe winter weather caused a lower calf …

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Dairy Digest 2000, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

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Dairy Digest 1998-1999, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

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Seasonal Investigation Of Native Fishes And Their Habitats In Missouri River And Yellowstone River Backwaters, Shannon J. Fisher

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Interactions between the Missouri River and its floodplain have been severely degraded due to channelization and impoundment. Ecologists have assumed that backwaters are a critical habitat component for certain life stages of native fishes; however, documented relationships are limited. During this study, I monitored fishes, invertebrates, and habitats to help determine the importance of backwaters to native fishes of various life stages, and to assess the changes that occur in habitat characteristics and invertebrate densities during periods with differential connectivity. Seven assemblages of fishes, identified with catch-per-unit-effort data, had at least some relationship with the backwaters. The assemblages included two …

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Food Habits And Diet Overlap Of Age-1 And Older Walleye And White Bass In Lake Poinsett, South Dakota, Andrew B. Starostka

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

White bass Marone chysops and walleye Stizostedion vitreum coexist in several of the large glacial lakes in eastern South Dakota. I collected age-1 and older white bass and walleye in Lake Poinsett, South Dakota during May, July and September, 1998 to determine food habits and diet overlap using percent by weight to describe diets and Schoener's index (Cxy) to determine diet overlap. Macroinvertebrates were common prey items for white bass in all length groups during all sample dates. The primary macroinvertebrates consumed by white bass were corixids, amphipods and dipterans. Fish, as a group, were second in diet importance over …

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The Mortenson Ranch: Cattle And Trees At Home On The Range. A Restoration Guidebook, Susan E. Boettcher, W. Carter Johnson, Scott Kronberg, F. Robert Gartner, Clarence Todd, Jeff Mortenson, Scott Fausti

Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications

Early agriculture on western rangeland met with little success and resulted in serious consequences including soil erosion, loss of native woodlands and wildlife, and economic ruin. The Mortenson family in Stanley County, South Dakota, has been engaged in restoring degraded rangeland on their ranch for more than 50 years. Their primary goal has been to return the land to its condition prior to white settlement while maintaining a profitable cattle ranching operation. In recent years the ranch has served as a model of successful ranching based on a conservation ethic. This guidebook summarizes the restoration techniques and grazing regime used …

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Dairy Digest 1997-1998, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

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Dairy Digest 1996-1997, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

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Use Of The Relative Dose Response Assay To Determine The Vitamin A Status Of Neonatal Calves: Effects Of Season On Colostrum Quality And Immunological Parameters, Mary Jo Boner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Plasma vitamin A is not a reliable indicator of vitamin A status. Therefore, the feasibility of using the relative dose response (RDR) assay as a method for determining vitamin A status of calves was examined. In addition, effects of colostrum quality and season on vitamin A status and health of calves were determined. Blood was sampled from the jugular vein of 16 newborn calves to establish values over a 24 h period for immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentration, hematocrit, serum protein concentration, and leukocyte differentials. Liver biopsies were performed at birth, and successfully completed for 11 calves. Blood samples were obtained …

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Assessment Of Failure Of Colostral Absorption Among Well-Managed Herds Using A Simple Screening Test, Bill Epperson, Dick Pruitt, Con Marshall, Anna Drew

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

Failure of calves to ingest colostrum early in life is associated with an increased risk of illness and death. Colostral antibody absorption can be easily estimated with a blood sample collected after the calf is 24 hours old. This study was conducted to determine the proportion of calves born at the four SDSU beef units that were affected with inadequate passive transfer (IPT) as a result of inadequate colostral antibody absorption. Of the 333 calves, 44 were affected with IPT (1 3.2%). There were significant differences in IPT between units, suggesting that environmental factors unique to each unit may have …

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Kappe_Casein And Beta-Lactoglobulin Genotype Effects On Milk Production And Maternal Calf Growth Traits In Crossbred Beef Cattle, D. A. Henderson, D. M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

Cows were genotyped at the kappa-casein and beta-lactoglobulin loci and evaluated for milk yield, calf birth weight, weaning weight, and average daily gain from birth to 109 days and from birth to 21 1 days of age. The interaction of breed-group with genotype was significant for milk yield at both loci. Cow genotype and additive allelic effects were significant or approached significance for both measures of calf average daily gain and weaning weight at the kappa-casein locus. Cow genotype and additive allelic effects were significant for calf average daily gain to 109 days at the beta-lactoglobulin locus. Cow genotype approached …

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Effect Of Feed Delivery Management On Yearling Steer Performance, S. J. Bierman, R. H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

Gain efficiency by cattle fed high grain diets can be affected by feed delivery management (FDM). Restricted or limit feeding improves feed efficiency but can reduce ADG. This experiment was designed to evaluate if feeding near ad libitum intake while reducing the amount of variation between daily feed deliveries could provide feed efficiency advantages over unrestricted access to feed without restricting ADG. The FDM strategies for the 121-day feeding period included prescription intakes (PI) where variability between day to day feed deliveries were minimized or ad libitum intake (ALI) where feed was always available. Crossbred yearling steers (n = 76, …

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Inophore Programs For Finishing Yearling Steers, R. H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

The relative effectiveness of three ionophore feeding strategies was compared in yearling steers. Six pens of 8 steers were assigned to each of the following treatments: A) no ionophore fed, B) lasalocid (33 glT) fed for 28 days and then replaced with laidlomycin propionate (1 1 g/T) for the balance of time on feed; C) monensin (28 g/T) fed throughout, and D) laidlomycin propionate (11 g/T) fed throughout. A five diet step-up program was used that culminated in a final diet based on cracked and high moisture corn and 7% ground hay. lonophores increased (P< .05) ADG (3.9%) and carcass weight and lowered (P<.05) feed/gain 4.5% during the 135-day feeding period. Among ionophore treatments, monensin resulted in a lower (P< .05) cumulative ADG and carcass weight than diets containing laidlomycin propionate. Three of the four steers removed from the trial due to metabolic disorders were from the no ionophore treatment.

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Effect Of Increasing Levels Of Condensed Corn Distillers Solubles On Performance Of Finishing Steers, G. A. Sharp, C. P. Birkelo

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

A trial was conducted as a randomized block design to assess the effects of condensed corn distillers solubles (CCDS) on performance and carcass merit of yearling steers (n = 21 6) fed 90% concentrate finishing diets. CCDS was included at 0 (MSBM), 5 (5CCDS1, 10 (IOCCDS), or 20% (20CCDS) of diet DM, replacing soybean meal, molasses, and corn. Average daily gain increased (PC .051 for steers fed CCDS but, along with a numerical trend (P= .14) of increasing DMI, resulted in no improvement in FIG (P>.20). Steers were harvested on day 108. Carcass weight and dressing percent for steers …

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Effect Of Increasing Levels Of Condensed Corn Distillers Solubles On Performance Of Growing Steers, G. A. Sharp, C. P. Birkelo

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

A trial was conducted as a randomized block design to assess the effects of condensed corn distillers solubles (CCDS) on performance of steer calves (n = 200) fed 40% concentrate, dry rolled corn-hay based growing diets. CCDS was included at 0 (MSBM), 5 (5CCDS1, 10 (IOCCDS), or 20% (20CCDS) of diet DM, replacing soybean meal, molasses, and corn. A corn silagetsupplement diet was also included (SIL). Dry matter intakes at higher CCDS levels were lower than that of MSBM (P<.05). Average daily gain was not affected (P>.20) and, as a result, feed efficiency (FIG) tended to improve (P = .14). Steers fed SIL consumed less DM …

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Interpreting Experiment Results, D. M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

No abstract provided.

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Dairy Digest 1995-1996, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

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Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Steps For Warner-Bratzler Shear Force Assessment Of Cooked Beef Longissimus Steaks At South Dakota State University, K. W. Bruns, D. M. Wulf, R. H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

The Influence Of Body Weight And Marbling Epd On The Relationship Of Intramuscular Fat Content And The Value Of Lean Retail Product In Serially Slaughtered Angus Steers, K. W. Bruns, R. H. Pritchard, D. L. Boggs

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Effects Of Breed-Type And Breeding System On Efficiency Of Weaned Calf Production, D. M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Associations Of Beef Production Traits With Polymorphisms In The Growth Hormone Gene And Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Gene, D. M. Marshall, J. Kim

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Comparison Of Estradiol-Trenbolone Acetate Implant Programs For Yearling Steers Of Two Genotypes, Robbi H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

An Evaluation Of Three Trm Feed-Mixing Wagons, B. J. Johnson, R. H. Pritchard, S. L. Bjornson, W. M. Cerkoney

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Effect Of Calving Time And Weaning Time On Feedlot Performance - A Preliminary Report, R. J. Pruitt, B. J. Johnson, W. B. Epperson, B. D. Rops

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Relative Feed Values For High Fiber Corn And Conventional Corn Silage For Growing Steers, C. J. Mueller, R. H. Pritchard, Z. W. Wicks Iii

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Influence Of Dietary Mp On The Production Rates And N Usage By Steers Fed High Grain Content Diets, R. H. Pritchard, K. W. Bruns, S. J. Bierman

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Field Peas In Finishing Cattle Diets And The Effect Of Processing, C. P. Birkelo, B. J. Johnson, B. D. Rops

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

The Effects Of Energy Sournce And Yeast (Biosaf Sc47) On Feedlot Performance During The Receiving Period, B. J. Johnson, B. D. Rops

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Evaluating The Agronomic Feasibility Of Planting Late Season Corn For Feedlot Cattle, W. M. Cerkony, R. H. Pritchard, Z. W. Wicks Iii

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Interpreting Experiment Results, D M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Effect Of Calving Time And Weaning Time On Cow And Calf Performance - A Preliminary Report, R. J. Pruitt, B. Epperson, B. Johnson, D. Zalesky, R. Haigh, D. Young

South Dakota Beef Report, 2000

Dairy Digest 2000, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

Dairy Digest 1998-1999, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

Seasonal Investigation Of Native Fishes And Their Habitats In Missouri River And Yellowstone River Backwaters, Shannon J. Fisher

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Food Habits And Diet Overlap Of Age-1 And Older Walleye And White Bass In Lake Poinsett, South Dakota, Andrew B. Starostka

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Mortenson Ranch: Cattle And Trees At Home On The Range. A Restoration Guidebook, Susan E. Boettcher, W. Carter Johnson, Scott Kronberg, F. Robert Gartner, Clarence Todd, Jeff Mortenson, Scott Fausti

Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications

Dairy Digest 1997-1998, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

Dairy Digest 1996-1997, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

Use Of The Relative Dose Response Assay To Determine The Vitamin A Status Of Neonatal Calves: Effects Of Season On Colostrum Quality And Immunological Parameters, Mary Jo Boner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Assessment Of Failure Of Colostral Absorption Among Well-Managed Herds Using A Simple Screening Test, Bill Epperson, Dick Pruitt, Con Marshall, Anna Drew

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

Kappe_Casein And Beta-Lactoglobulin Genotype Effects On Milk Production And Maternal Calf Growth Traits In Crossbred Beef Cattle, D. A. Henderson, D. M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

Effect Of Feed Delivery Management On Yearling Steer Performance, S. J. Bierman, R. H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

Inophore Programs For Finishing Yearling Steers, R. H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

Effect Of Increasing Levels Of Condensed Corn Distillers Solubles On Performance Of Finishing Steers, G. A. Sharp, C. P. Birkelo

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

Effect Of Increasing Levels Of Condensed Corn Distillers Solubles On Performance Of Growing Steers, G. A. Sharp, C. P. Birkelo

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

Interpreting Experiment Results, D. M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 1996

Dairy Digest 1995-1996, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest