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Articles 1141 - 1170 of 1392
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
1983 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University
1983 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University
Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs
No abstract provided.
Sdsu Dairy Digest, South Dakota State University Dairy Club
Sdsu Dairy Digest, South Dakota State University Dairy Club
Dairy Digest
No abstract provided.
The Use Of Whole-Rolled Sunflower Seeds With Or Without Additional Limestone In Lactating Dairy Cattle Rations, Anne M. Finn
The Use Of Whole-Rolled Sunflower Seeds With Or Without Additional Limestone In Lactating Dairy Cattle Rations, Anne M. Finn
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Thirty Holstein cows were utilized in a lactation trial evaluating diets containing whole-rolled sunflower seeds. Cows were randomly assigned to treatments, grouped according to previous milk production and lactation number. The cows were fed one of three diets: 1) the control was a com-soybean meal mix (CSM), 2) com-soybean meal mix plus 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds, and 3) a corn-soybean meal mix with 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds with an additional 3.5% limestone over SCS (SCL). Additional limestone was added in an attempt to form fatty acid insoluble soaps. Rations were formulated to be isonitrogenous at 16% crude protein, fed as …
Digestibility Of Sunflower Hulls Treated With Sodium, Ammonium, And Potassium Hydroxides, Bal Krishna Sharma
Digestibility Of Sunflower Hulls Treated With Sodium, Ammonium, And Potassium Hydroxides, Bal Krishna Sharma
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of sunflower hulls (SFH) treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), and potassium hydroxide (KOH) at increasing levels were studied. Tested concentrations of each alkali as percent dry matter (DM) on SFH were 1.63, 2.45, 3.26, and 4. 08. In vitro dry matter digestibility of sunflower hulls increased with higher concentrations of NaOH and KOH. Percent IVDMD for control (un-treated SFH) was 18.0. Percent IVDMD for SFH treated at 1.63, 2.45, 3.26, and 4.08% of DM were: 18.9, 21.4, 22.2, and 22.9 for NaOH; 18.3, 18.0, 18.3, and 18.5 for NH …
An Examination Of Prostaglandins As Causative Agents In Pine Needle (Pinus Ponderosa) Abortion, Daniel P. Shue
An Examination Of Prostaglandins As Causative Agents In Pine Needle (Pinus Ponderosa) Abortion, Daniel P. Shue
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cow and calf losses due to pine needle abortion in cattle grazing foothill ranges of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) continue to cause managerial and economic problems for ranchers in South Dakota, Colorado, Idaho, California, Montana and many areas throughout Canada. Because of its overall economic significance, investigators have been attempting to isolate and characterize causative agents of pine needle abortion. To date, a large number of pine needle constituents have been shown to possess abortifacient capabilities. In addition to actual pine needles, it appears that several other undefined factors may be associated with, and (or) predispose animals to, pine needle …
Ultrafiltration Of Skim Milk Prior To Cottage Cheese Making, Izhar H. Athar
Ultrafiltration Of Skim Milk Prior To Cottage Cheese Making, Izhar H. Athar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cottage cheese has the largest sales volume potential of all cultured dairy products in the United States today. Moreover, it can be a highly profitable product if proper control is exercised during its manufacturing (46). Commercial production of cottage cheese utilizes a significant portion of the total fluid milk produced in the U. S.A. After the 1955's, yearly per capita consumption of cottage cheese increased from 1. 7 7 kg (3.9 lb) to a high of 2. 45 kg (5.4 lb) in 1972 (67) . Consumer demand for lower fat dairy products gradually increased, which put more pricing emphasis on …
Rumen Microbial Protein Synthesis In Cows Fed Dried Whey, Paul M. Windschitl
Rumen Microbial Protein Synthesis In Cows Fed Dried Whey, Paul M. Windschitl
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Two rumen fistulated Holstein cows, weighing approximately 550 kg, were used in a switchback design experiment to evaluate the effects of consuming large amounts (38% of total ration dry matter) of dried whey on rumen microbial protein synthesis. Cows were fed total mixed rations consisting of (dry matter basis) 45% corn silage, 10% alfalfa hay, and 45% concentrate mix. The concentrate mix was primarily corn and soybean meal (control) or 85% dried whole whey. Dry matter intakes averaged 16.4 and 15.3 kg/day for control and whey diets. Concentrations of bacteria and protozoa in rumen contents were estimated using diaminopimelic acid …
1982 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University
1982 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University
Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs
No abstract provided.
Genetic Correlations Among Sex-Limited Traits, Michael D. Macneil
Genetic Correlations Among Sex-Limited Traits, Michael D. Macneil
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Monte Carlo simulation techniques were used to assess the merits of three methods for calculation of the genetic correlation when traits have been measured on half-sibs of each sex. The restricted maximum likelihood, path coefficient and covariance component estimators did not differ significantly in their accuracy. Path coefficient and covariance component methodologies gave nearly unbiased estimators for traits of high heritability. Across both levels of heritability, the restricted maximum likelihood methodology resulted in genetic correlations being estimated with significantly smaller sampling variance than the other methods. Genetic correlations were estimated for age of puberty, weight at puberty, conceptions per service, …
Dye Marking Of Antibiotics Used In Treatment Of Mastitis In Dry And Lactating Cows, Richard A. Ellefson
Dye Marking Of Antibiotics Used In Treatment Of Mastitis In Dry And Lactating Cows, Richard A. Ellefson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mastitis is the one major disease affecting dairy cows; considerable direct and indirect economic losses can be attributed to mastitis (6). Treatment of mastitis with antibiotic preparations will alleviate most disease symptoms. Problems may arise when cows treated with antibiotics have their milk used for commercial milk processes before antibiotics are clear. They are: 1) some people are allergic to penicillin, and 2) cultured dairy products may not grow because of inhibition. The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act established that milk and milk products containing antibiotics are considered adulterated. Due to recent innovations in antibiotics testing The National Conference on …
Whey-Caseinate Blends And Lactose Hydrolysis In Yogurt Manufacture, Catherine A. Whalen
Whey-Caseinate Blends And Lactose Hydrolysis In Yogurt Manufacture, Catherine A. Whalen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Yogurt is a highly nutritious cultured dairy product which has been consumed for centuries, particularly in Eastern Europe. Although per capita consumption in the United. States is still far below that of most European countries; yogurt sales in the U.S.A. have increased phenomenally during the past three decades. Yogurt sales in the U.S.A. totaled 7.7 million kg in 1955; 31.8 million kg in 1966; and approximately 227 million kg by 1976 (41). Per capita sales increased 211% from 1970 to 1980 (45). Yogurt is generally manufactured from milk or lowfat milk which has been fortified with extra milk solids. Nonfat …
Feeding Value Of High Starch And High Fat Rations For Dairy Calves, G. Duff Stewart
Feeding Value Of High Starch And High Fat Rations For Dairy Calves, G. Duff Stewart
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sixty-four Holstein calves were used in a 3 x 2 factorial experiment of 12 wk to evaluate growth performance when fed control, high starch, and high fat pelleted diets separately or with a supplemental concentrate mix offered the first 6 wk. High starch and high fat diets were formulated to .contain more digestible energy than the control diet. Calves received milk the first 5 wk, plus one of the above rations ad libitum wk 1 thru 12. The control diet contained corn, oats, and soybean meal; the high starch diet contained corn and soybean meal; while the high fat diet …
Use Of Dry Whey And Lactose Hydrolysis In Yogurt Bases, Nagendra P. Shah
Use Of Dry Whey And Lactose Hydrolysis In Yogurt Bases, Nagendra P. Shah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Yogurt is one of the oldest and most traditional fermented dairy products. Since early times it has been an important food item of the people in the Middle East. Except for its refreshing taste and wholesomeness as a food, no special virtues were claimed for it until early in the 20th century when the bacteriologist, Elie Metchnikoff, who shared a Nobel Prize in 1908, concluded from his studies on the effect of lactic acid bacteria of the digestive tract, that yogurt arrests putrefaction in the intestinal tract and thus might be beneficial to health (55). Attempts to popularize yogurt in …
1981 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University
1981 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University
Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs
No abstract provided.
Hydrolyzed-Lactose Whey And Nonfat Dry Milk In Ice Cream, Mohammed Serajul Islam
Hydrolyzed-Lactose Whey And Nonfat Dry Milk In Ice Cream, Mohammed Serajul Islam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sweet dry whey was used to replace 25% and 50% of nonfat dry milk solids in ice cream mix. Forty-five batches experimental and control lots of vanilla ice cream were manufactured. A commercial lactase was used to hydrolyze lactose to over 90% conversion and the lactase was inactivated after hydrolysis. The extent of lactose hydrolysis in the mix was adjusted to 50% or 75% by blending non-hydrolyzed nonfat dry milk and whey solids with hydrolyzed preparations. Extra sweetness of the conversion products permitted reduction of sucrose by 6.25% and 12.5%, respectively, in the 50% and 75% hydrolyzed lactose ice cream …
Lactase Activity In Steers Fed Large Amounts Of Dried Whey, Kenneth J. King
Lactase Activity In Steers Fed Large Amounts Of Dried Whey, Kenneth J. King
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Large amounts of dried whole whey (86% of concentrate mix, 60% of total dry matter intake) were fed to four Holstein steers in place of corn and soybean meal in the control diet to evaluate the extent and site of lactose digestion in the ruminant's digestive tract. Diets consisted of 70% of the dry matter as concentrate mix and 30% as corn silage fed ad libitum as a total mixed ration. Weight gains and dry matter intakes were similar for steers fed dried whole whey or control diets. Samples of rumen contents from steers fed dried whole whey contained more …
Studies On Beneficial And Adverse Effects Of Dietary Buffers For Lambs, Jong Kyu Ha
Studies On Beneficial And Adverse Effects Of Dietary Buffers For Lambs, Jong Kyu Ha
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Experiments using lambs were conducted to study the effects of buffers or roughages against acidosis occurring during rapid dietary changes. Experiments using rats were conducted to investigate vitamin A and thiamin stability and/or utilization as influenced by bentonite. Incubating rumen fluid in vitro at a pH lower than 6 reduced volatile fatty acid (VFA) production and increased lactate accumulation. Limestone or bentonite at levels of 2% in 92% concentrate diets had little effect on feed intake or rumen and blood parameters during a 7-day treatment period using rumen-canulated sheep. However, 2% NaHCO3 increased rumen pH and feed intake on …
Dye Marking Of Antibiotics Used In Treatment Of Mastitis, Nancy Fairbank Novak
Dye Marking Of Antibiotics Used In Treatment Of Mastitis, Nancy Fairbank Novak
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The National Mastitis Council, Inc. defines mastitis as the infection of udder tissues (74). Mastitis is the most costly disease affecting dairy cows; many people do not realize the considerable losses due to mastitis (6). A reasonable estimate of the prevalence of mastitis is 50% of cows infected at any time (62); cows in the average herd contract clinical mastitis 1.5 times per year (74). The minimum antibiotic treatments per case of mastitis is two; with approximately 11 million dairy cows in the United States, the annual minimum number of antibiotic treatments is 33 million. In South Dakota, with nearly …
The Effects Of Rancid Milk On Cheddar Cheese, Shane Thomas Mcdonald
The Effects Of Rancid Milk On Cheddar Cheese, Shane Thomas Mcdonald
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
One of the most serious defects .of fluid milk is hydrolytic rancidity. Although not a new problem, recent practices in the dairy industry have increased its incidence. On the farm, the use of pipeline milking and transferring systems, in conjunction with bulk cooling and storage, involves excessive agitation and foaming of the raw milk. Both agitation and foaming enhance the development of rancidity. Additional agitation occurs when milk is pumped into storage silos, and pumped about the plant f or processing. Dairy processing facilities are becoming more centralized. Hence, raw milk must be transported longer distances to the dairy plants. …
Preservative Effects Of Covering And Propionic Acid On Alfalfa Haylage In Bunker Silos, Thomas Jonathan Oelberg
Preservative Effects Of Covering And Propionic Acid On Alfalfa Haylage In Bunker Silos, Thomas Jonathan Oelberg
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The preservation efficiency of covering alfalfa haylage with black plastic (polyethylene) and/or treating haylage with propionic acid was studied in two trials. Experiment 1 was designed to evaluate the influence of both covering and treatment with propionic acid on haylage chemical composition and heifer growth. In experiment 1, prop ionic acid was administered to the haylage at the chopper at 0.02% of the fresh forage weight. Chemical composition and ensiling temperature of the haylage were monitored and animal growth was measured with 16 Holstein heifers. Covered haylage was superior to treated haylage in quality as measured by chemical analyses and …
1980 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University
1980 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University
Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs
No abstract provided.
Duration Of Antibiotic Residues In Milk From Cows Treated Via Intrauterine And Intramammary Infusion, Elias Abdurahman
Duration Of Antibiotic Residues In Milk From Cows Treated Via Intrauterine And Intramammary Infusion, Elias Abdurahman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Antibiotics have been employed by farmers and veterinarians for treatment of infectious cattle diseases for over 3 decades. The most common of these diseases in dairy cows is mastitis. Mastitis is defined by the National Mastitis Council (NMC) (49) as an inflammation of the mammary gland. It is the most prevalent and most costly disease .of dairy cattle. It is estimated that at least 50% of all cows are infected with some form of mastitis at any one time in one or more quarters; cows in the average herd contract clinical mastitis one and one-half times per yr (49) which …
Heat-Treated Soybean Proteins For Lactating Dairy Cattle, Clayton D. Mielke
Heat-Treated Soybean Proteins For Lactating Dairy Cattle, Clayton D. Mielke
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The value of heat treatment of protein supplements to reduce protein solubility and increase protein utilization was studied in two lactation trials. Experiment I was designed to study the utilization of heat-treated soybean meal (HSBM) by cows in early lactation. An extrusion process with moist heat was used to produce HSBM - a product with lower protein solubility than regular soybean meal (SBM). Ten cows, 3 wks post-partum, were assigned to treatments of HSBM or SBM. Due to a problem in feed bag labeling the concentrate mix containing SBM and corn was not as formulated. A large amount of ground …
Feeding Value Of High Protein Oat Silage Versus Corn Silage For Dairy Cows, Tilahun Sahlu
Feeding Value Of High Protein Oat Silage Versus Corn Silage For Dairy Cows, Tilahun Sahlu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Corn accounts for 80% of the total silage production in the United States while oats ranks second as a feed grain crop. Oats are a major crop in areas of the world where temperatures are cool and short growing seasons are not well suited for corn production. South Dakota is the leading oat producing state in the nation with 1. 68 million kilograms of oats produced annually. Oats play an important roll as animal feed because among common cereals in the United States it ranks highest in both protein and lysine content. Due to the wide genetic diversity of oat …
1979 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University
1979 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University
Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs
No abstract provided.
A Comparison Of Cheddar Cheese Yields And Composition Using Conventional Bulk Set Cultures And Superstart Concentrated Cultures, William J. Kipp
A Comparison Of Cheddar Cheese Yields And Composition Using Conventional Bulk Set Cultures And Superstart Concentrated Cultures, William J. Kipp
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The cheese industry has become by far the largest user of milk for manufacturing. In 1978, cheese production utilized a fourth of the total market supply of milk, up from less than an eighth in 1960 (4). Rising consumer incomes and changing lifestyles and eating habits have increased cheese consumption and sales by 60% since 1960 (21). In the last ten years, annual per capita consumption of cured cheese has increased from 11.6 lb to 17.1 lb (45). Economists state that the cheese market will continue to expand through the 1980's (7, 21, 68). Manufacturing cultured dairy products can be …
An Ultrastructural Study Of Fresh And Ensiled Alfalfa Using The Light And Transmission Electron Microscope, Janet Louise Lazo-Davis
An Ultrastructural Study Of Fresh And Ensiled Alfalfa Using The Light And Transmission Electron Microscope, Janet Louise Lazo-Davis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Late bud alfalfa was sampled prior to cutting and after 17 and 51 days of ensiling. Leaf and stem tissue were separated and immediately placed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde followed by 1% osmium textroxide for fixation. Following acetone dehydration, samples were embedded in Spurr plastic for examination under the light (LM) and transmission electron (TEM) microscopes. Light microscopy was used to differentiate cell types and tissues, e.g. epidermis, chlorenchyma, phloem, xylem, and pith. Iodine staining (LM) showed starch localization in chlorenchyma cells. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed starch localized in chloroplasts of chlorenchyma. Leaf cells averaged nine chloroplasts per cell section …
Feeding And Housing Of Dairy Calves, Lester Vance Schaffer
Feeding And Housing Of Dairy Calves, Lester Vance Schaffer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In an 18 mo study antibiotic containing mastitic milk was collected from infected cows and fermented naturally for a minimum of 7 days at ambient temperature. Fermentation of antibiotic containing mastitic milk increased titratable acidity from 0.209% to 0.650% and decreased pH from 7.02 to 5.48. Fermentation decreased crude protein from 3.7% to 3.5% and increased NPN (% TN) from 6.0% to 8.4%. Penicillin was detected at a concentration of 1.2 IU/ml in the first milk after treatment and 0.01 IU/ml when fermented. Species of pathogenic organisms isolated from fresh and fermented milk were Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, …
The Effects Of Varying Dietary Protein, Calcium And Phosphorus In Starter Diets For Early Weaned Pigs, Wayne Eldon Schiefelbein
The Effects Of Varying Dietary Protein, Calcium And Phosphorus In Starter Diets For Early Weaned Pigs, Wayne Eldon Schiefelbein
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Genetic selection by swine producers the past 10 to 15 years has resulted in faster growing, heavier muscled pig. In addition, confinement rearing has placed an increased emphasis upon skeletal development and bone formation. Recent research conducted at Ohio State University indicated that growing swine responded to increasing dietary protein levels if both calcium and phosphorus are also correspondingly increased but maintained at approximately a 1.3:1 ratio. This and other research has led some investigators to believe that the National Research Council's requirements for protein, calcium and phosphorus may not be adequate to support maximum growth and development. Much attention …
Utilization Of Aspen Pellets As A Partial Roughage Replacement For Lactating Dairy Cows, Deborah Sharples Kipp
Utilization Of Aspen Pellets As A Partial Roughage Replacement For Lactating Dairy Cows, Deborah Sharples Kipp
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A complete switchback design using ten lactating cows divided into two groups of five was used to evaluate rations containing either (A) 30% dry matter from aspen pellets, 30% OM from corn silage, and 40% DM from a 28% crude protein· concentrate mix, or (B) 60% OM from corn silage and 40% OM from the concentrate mix, to determine if aspen could serve as a partial roughage for lactating dairy cows. All cows were at least 80 days into lactation at the start of the trial. Aspen contained on a DM basis, 1.9% crude protein, 80.3% neutral detergent fiber, 64.5% …