Agriculture Commons^™

Ec92-124 Nebraska Handbook Of Range Management, James L. Stubbendieck, Patrick E. Reece

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Every Nebraskans should be interested in rangeland. The plants, soil, and water are the foundation of Nebraska's economy and quality of life. Rangeland is one of Nebraska's most important and valuable natural resources because it:

• produces forage for livestock and wild game;

• provides a varied habitat for many wildlife species;

• protects the soil from wind and water erosion;

• preserves a "germplasm bank" for many plant species that may become important for yet unknown uses;

• purifies and enhances the environment by cleasing the air, filtering the runoff to streams, increasing the intake of precipitation, and aiding …

Rp92-217 No. 6 Delivering On A Live Cattle Futures Contract, Al Wellman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

A producer who hedges with a live cattle futures contract normally will offset the futures position by buying a futures contract and selling the cattle on the cash market. However, there may be a time when it is advantageous to make delivery of the cattle against the contract. In fact, the potential or alternative for delivery is an important necessary contract feature.

Live cattle futures follow a Certificate of Delivery procedure, the details are covered later in this Fact Sheet. Mid-America Exchange delivery units equal one-half the size and have the same delivery conditions as the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) …

G92-1093 Use Of Animal Drugs In Livestock Management, Duane N. Rice, Barbara E. Straw

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

How to handle antibiotics and other drugs to prevent residues in meat while maintaining an effective animal health program.

Use of animal drugs in food animal production must be accepted as a responsibility rather than a right when trying to improve animal health. Drugs should be used to enhance a health program and not as a substitute for good management.

Disease prevention is based on good nutritional and environmental factors, sanitation, and the use of a complete herd health program. Use of vaccines for common diseases and in some cases segregation or culling of infected animals is important. Good management …

Ec91-123 Drought Management On Range And Pastureland: A Handbook For Nebraska And South Dakota, Patrick E. Reece, Jack D. Alexander, James R. Johnson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Drought is generally defined as a prolonged period during which annual precipitation is less than 75 percent of average. Based upon this definition, drought has occurred in 21 percent of the years in the northern Great Plains since 1940. Poor distribution of precipitation in a single year or less than average precipitation in successive years can also cause drought conditions.

This extension circulation discusses the following: how plants respond to drought, management preparation for drought, herd management, animal response to drought, predicting forage production and stocking rates, drought management plans, rangeland resource inventory, grazing management, and plant recovery after drought.

Ec91-1764 Windbreak Establishment, James R. Brandle, Patricia Boehner, Sherman Finch

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

successful windbreak planting depends on proper establishment and care during the first few years after planting. Time spent in site preparation, weed control, and replanting is repaid many times during the lifetime of the windbreak. Take no shortcuts in the planning and establishment of your windbreak.

Windbreaks are investments in the future value of your property. Each windbreak system is unique and your windbreak should be designed for your site and objectives. Your local conservation office can provide help in designing and installing your windbreak. These organizations can also help with recommendations on where to buy planting stock and how …

Ec91-1771 Windbreaks And Wildlife, Ron J. Johnson, James R. Brandle, Mary M. Beck

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Windbreaks can support wildlife that add beauty and pleasure to our lives. They also sustain birds that eat insect pests, improve hunting opportunities, and provide a focal point for family outdoor activities. The world around us would be less appealing without the stimulation--the color, sounds, tracks, and mystery--of wild creatures; windbreaks help wildlife and in some areas are essential to survival of the wildlife we enjoy. You can add wildlife benefits to windbreak plantings whether your main goal is to shelter crops, livestock, roads, or a home or farmstead. This publication provides an overview of windbreaks and wildlife, and gives …

Livestock Budgets And Whole-Farm Economic Analysis: South Dakota Sustainable Agriculture Case Farms, Donald Taylor, Clarence Mends, Thomas L. Dobbs

Economics Research Reports (1969 - 2017)

In this report, livestock budgets for nine sustainable farmers in South Dakota who raise beef cattle and two of the same farmers who raise hogs are presented. Results of whole-farm economic analysis--in which the livestock, sustainable crop rotation, and non-sustainable rotation crop enterprise budgets on the respective farms are integrated with each other--are also presented. The final sections of the report cover results of analyses of (1) livestock price sensitivity and (2) on-farm manure production and disposition.

G90-958 House Fly Control Guide, John B. Campbell

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Control and background of house flies are discussed here.

Description

The adult house fly is dull gray, 1/4 inch long, with four distinct stripes behind the head. The abdomen is pale. The underside of the male is yellowish. The larvae are typical whitish fly maggots. The pupae are dark brown and 1/3 inch long.

Rp367 Strategies For Feeding The Ewe Flock, R.M. Jordan

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This publication covers the strategies of feeding the ewe flock from aspects to consider and problems likely to be encountered, useful feed consumption data, characteristics of feedstuffs for sheep, pastures, mineral deficiencies and toxicities, and feeding the ewe.

Crop And Livestock Enterprises, Risk Evaluation, And Management Strategies On South Dakota Sustainable Farms, Donald Taylor, Thomas L. Dobbs, David L. Becker, James D. Smolik

Economics Research Reports (1969 - 2017)

This report presents findings from personal interviews undertaken in January-March 1989 with 22 of the 32 sustainable/regenerative farmers in South Dakota who responded to a Summer 1988 mail survey concerning their sustainable farming practices. [For the mail survey results, see Taylor, Dobbs, and Smolik, 1989.] The major purpose of the personal interview part of the study reported herein was to gain greater insight into (1) the sustainable crop rotations and livestock enterprises on these farmers' farms and (2) the judgments of these farmers about the riskiness and managerial strategies for meeting selected challenges of sustainable agriculture.

Price Variability At South Dakota Livestock Auction Markets, Larry Janssen, Richard Shane

Economics Research Reports (1969 - 2017)

Livestock prices are established through various market channels, such as terminal markets and auction markets. Auction sales account for 74% of all cattle purchases and 64% of all cattle sales by South Dakota producers (Clauson, 1983). Livestock auctions are also an important market channel for feeder pigs, slaughter hogs and slaughter lambs. The major purpose of this research was to determine which factors, controllable or noncontrollable, have a significant impact on livestock prices established at auction market outlets in South Dakota. Factors to be tested include market location, month of sale, sex, weight, breed and lot size. Data on sale …

G89-950 Horse Insect Control Guide, John B. Campbell

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Insects that bother horses, and ways to treat them, are covered here.

People keep horses in Nebraska for a number of different reasons. Some are for 4-H projects and urban users (recreational), ranch and farm (work), breeding farms, and racing.

Some of the insect pests of horses are also pests of other livestock species. Other insects are specific to horses, but may be pests only on farm and ranch horses.

The best methods of pest control vary depending upon the type of horse production.

Ec87-726 Mastitis Control Guidelines, Gerald R. Bodman, Duane N. Rice, Don J. Kubik

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

These mastitis control guidelines were prepared by UNL personnel based on current literature and experience with the Nebraska mastitis control program, the demonstration herds, and many on-site dairy farm evaluations. This information will help producers and others in the dairy industry to understand, establish and maintain a comprehensive mastitis control program. Recommendations and procedures presented in the guidelines will allow the producer to develop an effective mastitis control program. When the recommendations are coupled with a conscientious and dedicated attitude, the result will be less mastitis and more better-quality milk at a lower production cost.

G87-848 Control And Eradication Of Pseudorabies In Swine, Alex Hogg, George W. Beran

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses various plans to control and eradicate an increasingly important disease of swine--Pseudorabies.

Introduction and History

Pseudorabies (Aujeszky's Disease) is an acute, frequently fatal disease affecting most species of domestic and wild animals. The disease is caused by a virus of the Herpesvirus group, and is characterized by a variety of clinical signs--those involving the nervous and respiratory systems being particularly prominent. Pseudorabies is a persistent cause of loss in both cattle and sheep in many countries throughout the world.

Pseudorabies is an increasingly important disease of swine in the U.S. This increase in importance has paralleled the …

Ec86-113 A Guide For Planning And Analyzing A Year-Round Forage Program, Steven S. Waller, Lowell E. Moser, Bruce Anderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Efficient grazing management programs cannot succeed without proper stocing rates. However, proper stocking rate alone will not insure a successful grazing program. Successful grazing management only occurs when all factors affecting production are manipulated properly: season of use; kind, class, and/or combination of animals; grazing distribution; grazing program; fertilization; pest control; and water management as well as stocking rate. The following suggestions in this circular are a guide to initial planning of new pastures and the modification of existing grazing programs.

G86-775 Prussic Acid Poisoning, Norman Shcneider, Bruce Anderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Prussic acid poisoning and its treatment are discussed in this NebGuide, along with methods to reduce its occurrence.

Sudangrass, forage sorghum, and sorghum-sudangrass hybrids are often used for summer pasture, green chop, hay, or silage. Under certain conditions, livestock consuming these feedstuffs may be poisoned by prussic acid (HCN).

Exposure to excessive prussic acid--also called hydrocyanic acid, hydrogen cyanide, or cyanide--can be fatal. However, producers can manage and feed their livestock to avoid problems with prussic acid.

G85-710 Livestock Market Terms, Part Iii, Allen C. Wellman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The third in a series of three, this NebGuide discusses livestock grading terms for both live animals and carcasses.

Livestock producers and feeders, and others involved with agriculture are exposed daily to market news articles and broadcasts.

Most people understand the terms used in the market news broadcasts and stories. Complete definitions of terms in the livestock marketing area are provided to eliminate any misunderstanding of a market news broadcast or article.

G84-717 Fleas And Their Management (Revised January 1993), Shripat T. Kamble, David L. Keith

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide provides information on flea biology and how to solve flea problems.

Fleas are among the most annoying pests known to humans. In ancient times, fleas were even indicted, found guilty and sentenced to condemnation. Today, the verdict remains the same.

In Nebraska, fleas are common household pests attacking dogs, cats and sometimes people. In addition to these, several other flea species occur in Nebraska, feeding principally on rodents and occasionally on poultry and livestock. The information provided in this publication will focus primarily on cat and dog fleas, as they are the most commonly encountered species.

G84-738 Management To Minimize Hay Waste, Bruce Anderson, Terry L. Mader

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses harvest factors that affect hay yield and quality as well as ways to reduce losses during harvest, storage, and feeding.

Hay is harvested, stored, and fed under a wide variety of conditions that influence both its yield and feed value. High quality hay is needed by animals that require high nutrient concentrations to reach desired levels of production. These include dairy cows, finishing beef cattle, fattening lambs, and race horses. Excellent hay management is required to produce the hay needed by these livestock. High quality hay is also used as a supplement to lower quality forages, such …

G84-724 Delivering Slaughter Hogs On A Live Hog Futures Contract, Allen C. Wellman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses how to estimate when it might be profitable to deliver on a hog futures contract and outlines delivery costs and procedures.

Although most hedgers do not actually make delivery on a live hog futures contract, it is the threat of delivery that makes hedging an effective market risk reduction technique. Normally, to fulfill the futures obligation, a producer buys an offsetting futures contract rather than making delivery.

Actual delivery on a futures contract should occur only when the basis during contract maturity is wider than anticipated -- and greater than the delivery costs.

G83-683 Quality Concrete For Swine Facilities, David P. Shelton, Gerald R. Bodman, Thomas A. Silletto

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the major items to consider when using concrete for swine facilities to help assure that quality concrete is obtained.

Concrete is widely used to construct swine production facilities. Versatility, durability, and relatively low cost are characteristics that make it ideally suited for floors, walls, foundations, pen dividers, and manure storage structures. With appropriate design, concrete can even be used for the building roof and feeders. There are, however, certain major items to consider to help assure quality concrete and years of reliable service regardless of the specific use.

G83-665 Hemp Dogbane, John D. Furrer, Alex R. Martin, Fred W. Roeth

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes hemp dogbane, including how it spreads, and provides recommendations for cultural and chemical control. Hemp dogbane is a perennial broadleaf weed native to North America. In Nebraska it is most prevalent in the eastern and central areas, but is occasionally found throughout the state.

Irrigation Development: It's Potential Impact On South Dakota's Economy, Richard Shane, Ralph J. Brown

Economics Research Reports (1969 - 2017)

Irrigation development has been and will continue to be a key issue facing the people of the state of South Dakota. As irrigated acreage increases, benefits accrue throughout the State. The irrigator's income earning potential is expanded and income variability is reduced as drought impacts on yields are ameliorated. In addition, a more stable, larger quantity of feed can be produced for livestock production. This may allm-1 for expansion in the livestock industry or less importation of feedstuffs into an area. The nonfarm economy may also benefit from irrigation development. Since irrigation requires the purchase of more inputs such as …

Ec82-1738 Tree Planting Guide, William R. Lovett, Bruce E. Bolander

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Site Preparation

Proper site preparation is essential to your tree planting operation, and varies with the different climates and soil types.

Chemical Control: On sandy soils, rough terrain, or other highly erodible sites, tillage is not recommended. Chemical weed and/or grass killers may be applied to the site in the fall or before planting in the spring.

Summer Fallow: This practice is recommended on heavy soil in western Nebraska to conserve soil moisture. This may be accomplished with the aid of occasional disking, subsurface tillage, or chemicals to control weeds.

Fall Tillage: In the eastern areas of the state fall …

G82-621 Sources Of Livestock And Poultry Market Information (Revised July 1994), Allen Wellman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide provides a list of various market information sources, each followed by a brief summary of issue schedules and contents.

It provides a listing of widely used and readily available market information sources that contain information which may be useful to agricultural producers, lenders and agribusiness firms when making livestock and poultry marketing decisions. Most of the available market information and statistical data comes from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Many now require an annual subscription fee.

G82-590 Feeder Cattle Grades, Keith E. Gilster, H. Dwight Loveday

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes the ten USDA feeder cattle grades.

The purpose of the USDA Feeder Cattle Grades is to sort feeder cattle into similar groups that will facilitate their selling and buying. These grades can also be used for sorting feeder cattle into similar outcome groups in a feedlot. Differences in frame size and muscle thickness score are the basis for the USDA Feeder Cattle Grades.

Feeder cattle are given a grade score that is coded for both frame size (large, medium and small) and thickness (1, 2 and 3). For example, a large frame, thick feeder steer would have …

An Interregional Study Of Kenya's Livestock Sector Using Linear Programming, Zakayo Joseph Mwangi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The major purpose of this study was to determine the least-cost method of producing red meat in Kenya. Linear programming was used in the study. A simulated reduction of grazing land available in one of the settlement areas was carried out to indicate what effect this had on the overall regional production pattern of meat in the country.

Kenya was divided into eleven livestock producing and consuming regions. 1979 was used as the base year, and the demand projection was based on the 1979 population. Input and output coefficients, livestock unit requirements, and market prices were developed. A linear programming …