Agriculture Commons^™

Assessment Of The Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Of Vaccaria Hispanica(Mill.) Rauschert Germplasms Of Türkiye Based On Srap And Ssr Markers, Hati̇ce İkten, Selcan Sevi̇nç Solak, Yeli̇z Yilmaz, Nedi̇m Mutlu, Esi̇n Ari, İsmai̇l Gökhan Deni̇z, İlker Genç

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert has been studied for its potential economic value. Its seeds contain valuable starch granules, triterpenic saponins, and cyclopeptides. In the present study, sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and microsatellite simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of V. hispanica genotypes. The plant material belonged to 66 genotypes collected from different parts (27 squares, with at least two locations in each square) of Türkiye. The application of 49 SRAP primer pairs produced 476 bands, of which 197 (41.38%) were polymorphic. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.12 to 0.46 …

Origin, Rise And Development Of American Upland Cotton And Their Status At Present. Second Edition, Ed. By F.M. Bourland, J. O. Ware

AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins

American Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is a Dixie product. Although the stocks of the species were brought from elsewhere, new types (through series of adaptational changes) formed this distinctive group—the final characteristics of which are a product of the Cotton Belt of the United States. These biological processes were considerably aided by man and the steps of development possibly were about as follows: (a) natural selection took place in the earlier introductions, (b) seed were saved from the more choice stocks, (c) series of subsequent introductions were obtained from the better sources, (d) these were acclimatized and the superior ones …

Effect Of Postharvest Edible Coating Materials On Sugar And Organic Acid Contentof Fresh-Cut Melons Grown With Different Fertilizer Treatments, Firat İşlek, Şeyda Çavuşoğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The demand for convenient and ready-to-eat food has increased, including fresh-cut fruit and vegetables. At the same time, people are also becoming more health-conscious and are aware of the positive impact of healthy food choices on their well-being. Fresh-cut fruit and vegetables are seen as a healthy and convenient option that allows people to meet their nutritional needs without sacrificing their busy lifestyles. This study examines the use of sustainable fertilization practices for growing melons and the application of edible coatings on fresh-cut fruit to preserve their freshness and levels of sugar and organic acids during storage. The cv. ‘Kırkağaç’ …

Editorial: Amaranthus: Naturally Stress-Resistant Resources For Improved Agriculture And Human Health, Volume Ii, Matthew W. Blair, Chance Riggins, Ana Paulina Barba De La Rosa

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

No abstract provided.

The Financial Implications Of Specialization, Diversification, Or Alternative Enterprises On Small Farms: Evidence From Tennessee, Aditya R. Khanal, Renu Ojha

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

In response to survival challenges, small farms in the United States undertake decisions to minimize downside risk or maximize gross revenue. Using primary survey data of small farms in Tennessee, we examined farmers’ strategic decisions on specialization or other forms of diversification and estimated the impacts of these decisions on farm financial performance. We found that farmer’s age, farmland holdings, use of a smartphone in farm-related activities, and off-farm work significantly influenced these strategic decisions. Our multinomial endogenous switching regression estimates suggested that small farms could attain significantly higher performance, around 45% higher gross farm income and a 30% higher …

Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle Radiometric Calibration: A Comparison Of Autoexposure And Fixed‐Exposure Images, G. Cody Bagnall, John Alex Thomasson, Chenghai Yang, Tianyi Wang, Xiongzhe Han, Chao Sima, Anjin Chang

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Remote sensing with uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) is increasingly being used in agriculture to provide data on the physical characteristics of plants under field conditions. Data accuracy is critical for decision making with a high degree of confidence. In this work, we compared two multispectral camera calibration methods for image data collected with a UAV: (1) an autoexposure method that relies on a single calibration panel and a post hoc calibration, and (2) a fixed-exposure system that uses three in-field gray calibration panels using the empirical line calibration method. Both methods were compared to reflectance data from (a) four ground …

Increasing Racial Diversity In The North American Plant Phenotyping Network Through Conference Participation Support, David Lebauer, Alexander Bucksch, Jennifer Clarke, Jesse Potts, Sonali Roy

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

A key goal of the North American Plant Phenotyping Network (NAPPN) annual conference is to cultivate a new generation of scientists from diverse backgrounds. As part of their effort to diversify the plant phenomics research community, NAPPN acquired funding to cover all attendance costs for participants from historically black colleges and universities (HBCU) for the 2022 annual meeting. Seven award recipients represented the first attendees from HBCUs in the conference's 6-year history. In this commentary, we report on the impact of the conference awards, including lessons learned, and the future of the award.

Effects Of Sewage Sludge Treatments On Plant Nutrients, Heavy Metals And Tall Fescue(Festuca Arundinacea Schreb.), Ali̇ Riza Ongun, Mahmut Tepeci̇k, Hüseyi̇n Hüsnü Kayikçioğlu, Sezai̇ Deli̇bacak, Tanay Bi̇ri̇şçi̇, Erden Aktaş, Ayşe Kalayci Önaç, Gökhan Balik

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of anaerobically stabilized sewage sludge (SS) converted into 90% dryness granules at different doses of control, 3% SS, 6% SS, and 9% SS on elemental composition of Festuca arundinacea Schreb. and physicochemical properties of soil. Color measurements were made with the CIE L* a* b* method unit; the highest color (4.10) and the highest coating score (5.7) were calculated for the 6% SS treatment. The highest biomass (9.11 g) was obtained from the 3% SS and the lowest (7.67 g) from the 9% SS dose. Plant height measurements were listed as follows: …

The Effects Of Different Seeding Rates On Nitrogen Acquisition In Pea–Wheat Intercropping, Aybegün Ton, Erik Steen Jensen

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Intercropping may improve the use of environmental resources in low-input agricultural systems compared to sole crops and it is possible that risk may be reduced in intercropping, leading to more stable yields and weed control. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of seeding rate of a normal leafed cultivar and a semileafless pea cultivar (Pisum sativum L.) grown as sole crops, cultivar mixture, and in double and triple intercrops with spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on competitive dynamics, yield and use of nitrogen sources from soil, and symbiotic N2 fixation. A randomized complete blocks experiment …

The Status And Prospects Of Phytoremediation Of Heavy Metals, Aniruddha Acharya, Enrique Perez, Miller Maddox-Mandolini, Hania De La Fuente

Faculty Publications - Biological Sciences

The release of heavy metals into the agricultural soil and waterbodies has been accelerated due to anthropogenic activities. They are not usually required for biological functions thus, their accumulation in biological system poses serious threat to health and environment globally. Phytoremediation offers a safe, inexpensive, and ecologically sustainable technique to clean habitats contaminated with heavy metals. Though several plants have been identified and used as a potential candidate for such phytoremediation, the technique is still at its formative stage and has been mostly confined to laboratory and greenhouses. However, recently several field studies have shown promising results that can propel …

Navigating Leadership Pathways: Learning Module Development, Alana Skogen

Agricultural Education, Communications and Technology Undergraduate Honors Theses

Navigating Leadership Pathways is an innovative learning initiative designed to address the challenges and barriers faced by women in their pursuit of mid to high-level leadership positions. Comprising three self-paced modules, this project delves into the intricate landscape of gender bias, second-generation biases, and cultural norms that hinder women's progression in the workplace. Drawing on extensive research and real-world insights, each module provides a dynamic and interactive learning experience.

Module 1: Introduction to Gender Bias in Leadership

This module lays the foundation by exploring second-generation biases, leadership style differences between men and women, the glass ceiling, diversity, and inclusion. Participants …

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Method Development For The Determination Of Β–Defensins In Bovine Milk, Elisha Ogbebor

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Bovine mastitis is caused by a wide range of pathogens which results in a substantial economic loss for the dairy cattle livestock industry. β-defensins are a part of the innate immune system and act as the first line of defense against mastitis in bovine. β-defensins (~6- 10kDa) are antimicrobial peptides that contain about 28 to 67 amino acids, the presence of six cysteine residues results in their three disulfide bonds and a β-sheet structure. A few β- defensins have been identified in cows based on the site of occurrence and time of expression in tissue, but not in milk. A …

Towards The Quantification Of Estrone And 17Β-Estradiol Conjugates In Dairy Cattle Urine Sorptive Stir Bar Extraction And Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry, S.M. Istiak Ahmed

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The global concern regarding the presence of compounds with estrogenic properties in the environment has grown significantly. Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) are environmental pollutants that disrupt the endocrine systems of both wildlife and humans. Estrogens, with their potent estrogenic effects, are particularly noteworthy among the various substances with endocrine-disrupting properties. They are of concern due to their prevalence in the environment, especially due to dairy waste contamination. These lipophilic compounds can accumulate in livestock fat tissues, potentially entering the human food chain. Sulfated forms of estrone and β- estriol, which exhibit a higher degree of saturation than their non-conjugated counterparts, have …

Exploring The Diverse Applications Of Stigmasterol From Plants: A Comprehensive Review, Ummara Khan, Faisal Hayat, Fakhara Khanum, Nazi̇r Ahmed, Mohamed Abdi̇n, Dyaaaldi̇n Abdalmegeed, Neva Karataş, Zhi̇hong Xi̇n

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Stigmasterol has been studied for its numerous biological effects on various metabolic diseases, but its potential role as a ubiquitous biomolecule in the plant kingdom is still in its infancy. Efficient utilization of stigmasterol’s properties, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and self-assembly, is necessary for the food industry to effectively prevent microbial growth in food., in addition, to delaying rancidity by slowing down lipid oxidation. The use of safer alternatives for postharvest disease control, which is pressuring scientists to consider stigmasterol as a potential solution for various food-related issues. This article reviews stigmasterol's functions in the food industry, including its detection, …

Suppression Of Meloidogyne Incognita Race 2 With Some Entomopathogenic Agents, Ayşenur Aslan, Cenk Keski̇n, Fati̇h Dadaşoğlu, Eli̇f Tozlu, Önder Çalmaşur, Di̇lek Di̇nçer, Behçet Kemal Çağlar, İbrahi̇m Hali̇l Elekci̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of anaerobically stabilized sewage sludge (SS) converted into 90% dryness granules at different doses of control, 3% SS, 6% SS, and 9% SS on elemental composition of Festuca arundinacea Schreb. and physicochemical properties of soil. Color measurements were made with the CIE L* a* b* method unit; the highest color (4.10) and the highest coating score (5.7) were calculated for the 6% SS treatment. The highest biomass (9.11 g) was obtained from the 3% SS and the lowest (7.67 g) from the 9% SS dose. Plant height measurements were listed as follows: …

Determination Of The Phytochemical Contents And Pomological Properties Of Chokeberry(Aronia Melanocarpa L.) Fruit In Different Harvesting Periods, Selma Boyaci, Şule Polat, Nesi̇be Ebu Kafkas

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted to determine some pomological properties and phytochemical contents such as total monomeric anthocyanin, total phenol, antioxidant activity, sugar, and organic acid of the chokeberry cultivars Nero and Viking, which are being cultivated in Türkiye, in 3 different harvest periods (the last week of August, the first week of September, and the second week of September). The highest total monomeric anthocyanin (794.63 mg/100 g), total phenol (5006.60 mgGAE/100 g), and antioxidant activity (79.33%) were obtained in the first harvest period of Nero. Glucose is the main sugar in chokeberry cultivars, and the highest glucose content (6.90%) was …

Drying Of Mushrooms By Alternative Technologies, Zi̇nnur Yağmur Buğday, Kübra Ertan, Sema Zeren, Serpi̇l Şahi̇n, Servet Gülüm Şümnü

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This review addresses alternative technologies in edible mushroom drying. Principles of application and the literature are highlighted. The objective is to identify and discuss the potential advantages and drawbacks and to elaborate future applications of electrohydrodynamic, freeze, infrared, and microwave technologies in mushroom drying. The advantages of these alternative technologies can be listed as better quality, improved energy efficiency, and reduced processing time. Each method is promising in adding value to dried mushroom products. On the other hand, replacement of the conventional drying technique requires process optimization practices and feasibility analysis, especially for combined applications.

Effects Of Genotype And Nitrogen Topdressing On Rapeseed Seed Yield And Stalkcombustion Properties, Mari̇na Brčić, Tajana Kricka, Ana Pospisil, Milan Pospisil

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The objective of this paper was to determine the effects of rapeseed genotype and nitrogen fertilization for dual purposes, i.e., on seed yield for human consumption and on the quantitative and qualitative value of harvested residues as feedstock to produce heat energy. The research was carried out in field trials set up under the agroecological conditions of northwestern Croatia at the University of Zagreb’s Faculty of Agriculture in the vegetation periods of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014. The research included three rapeseed genotypes (conventional hybrid SY Cassidy, cultivar Komando, and semidwarf hybrid PR45D03) and three nitrogen topdressing rates that included the supply …

Some Physicochemical And Bioactive Features Of Organically Grown Blackberry Fruits(Rubus Fructicosus L.) As Influenced By Postharvest Uv-C And Chitosan Treatments, Sevi̇l Ünal, Ferhan Küçükbasmaci Sabir, Ali̇ Sabir

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Fresh blackberry fruits have easily perishable tissue and therefore have a very short postharvest storage life, although customers and marketers desire a longer shelf life. The ever-increasing demand of the world population for residue-free functional foods has motivated scientists to investigate environmentally friendly methodologies for the quality extension of perishable products like fresh blackberries. The present study was performed to determine the influences of UV-C treatment and chitosan coating on the extension of postharvest bioactive compounds and the marketable quality of fresh blackberry (Rubus fructicosus L.) fruits. Organically produced ‘Jumbo’ blackberry fruits were sorted into four equal groups for postharvest …

Impact Of Ultrasound On Postharvest Physiology And Bioactive Compounds Of Sweet Basilduring Short-Term Storage, Ali Ibrahim Sale, Apiradee Uthairatanakij, Natta Laohakunjit, Pongphen Jitareerat, Nattapon Kaisangsri

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Sweet basil is a perishable green herb that has a short shelf life after harvest. Techniques to extend its shelf life and prolong its storability may be commercially beneficial. In this study, the impact of different ultrasound powers on the postharvest quality and bioactive compounds of sweet basil during storage was investigated. The sampled basil leaves were immersed in an ultrasonic bath (40 kHz) at 200 or 400 W for 3 min at ambient temperature (28 ℃). The control samples were treated with tap water. All of the treatments were packed in a basket covered with a polyethylene sheet and …

Lignin Recovery From Hazelnut Shells, Özcan Gezen, Aleyna Fi̇li̇zfi̇danoğlu, Çağlar Özgener, İrem Deni̇z

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The main goal of this work was to study alkaline pretreatment of hazelnut shells (HSs) by utilization of NaOH and Ca(OH)2 with or without glycerol. The highest lignin recovery was obtained for NaOH-glycerol-pretreated HSs. This research also determined the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis where xylanase and cellulase were added to the pretreated residue. The highest amount of lignin of 63.2% was achieved when NaOH was used with glycerol in the pretreatment process. These findings revealed that the NaOH-catalyzed glycerol pretreatment applied in this study has great capability to be used in industrial applications.

Bioaccessibility Of Blackthorn (Prunus Spinosa) Beverage Polyphenols: Effect Of Sugar Andcitric Acid Addition, Gülay Özkan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The purpose of the current study was to produce a blackthorn-based beverage with improved nutritional value. In this regard, several beverages were formulated using sugar and citric acid. Then, the effects of the different food constituents on the in vitro recovery and antioxidant capacity of the bioactive substances in the formulations were determined. Based on the results, the addition of citric acid or sugar increased the phenolic extractability (297.0 and 299.2 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g in blackthorn + citric acid (BC) and blackthorn + sugar (BS), respectively) and antioxidant capacity (750.8 and 821.8 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/100 g …

Tree Rings Of Quercus Ilex L. And Their Relationships With Some Wood Anatomical Featuresand Growing Site Conditions In Türkiye, Ünal Akkemi̇k, Hati̇ce Yilmaz, Orhan Sevgi̇, Hakan Çeli̇k, Osman Yalçin Yilmaz, Ece Sevgi̇, Sena Genç, Ferdi̇ Akarsu, Özgür Hüseyi̇n Doğan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Quercus ilex (Holm oak) presents itself as trees up to 14–15 m tall in suitable growing site conditions and as shrubs in unsuitable areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between tree-ring widths of Q. ilex and vessel features, tree diameters, climate, and site conditions throughout Türkiye. A total of 1020 cores from 510 trees were collected from 102 sampled sites throughout Türkiye. After using standard dendroclimatology methods, all tree-ring analyses were performed on these chronologies. As a result, tree-ring boundaries were found to be less visible in Türkiye, like in other Mediterranean areas. Mean sensitivity …

Effects Of The Disc And Tilt Angle Of A Single Disc-Type Furrow Opener Of A No-Till Seeder Onresidue Distribution And The Furrow Profile, Mehmet Zahi̇d Malasli, Ahmet Çeli̇k

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The disc angles, vertical loads, soil type, and residue conditions have a significant effect on the performance of a single disc-type no-till seeder furrow opener. Disc angles are divided into two as the disc and tilt angle, and they play an important role on parameters such as the furrow profile, residue distribution, the cross-sectional area of furrow and spoiled soil area on the furrow edges. In this research, which was conducted with a soil bin, 5 disc angles (0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, and 20°), 5 tilt angles (0°, 2.5°, 5°, 7.5°, and 10°), 3 vertical loads (50, 100, and 150 …

Exploring The Potential Of Osmotic Dehydration With Honey To Develop Value-Addedfood From Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Rind, Jaspreet Kaur, Dilpreet Singh Brar, Vikas Nanda

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study demonstrates the viability of sustainably utilizing watermelon rind, a byproduct, by developing intermediate moisture food (IMF) through osmotic dehydration with honey as a sugar substitute. Response surface methodology and an artificial neural network were employed to optimize the process, and enhanced solid gain and water loss were achieved. The findings revealed that temperature exerted the most significant influence, followed by the solution-to-rind ratio, immersion time, and osmotic solution concentration, impacting water loss and solid gain in the IMF product. The optimized parameters for maximum water loss and solute gain were a temperature range of 330.15–331.15 K, immersion time …

Deciding Sowing-Window For Maize-Based Cropping System In Arid And Semiaridenvironments In Punjab, Pakistan, Mukhtar Ahmed, Atique Rehman, Naeem Sarwar, Hülya Doğan, Ghulam Abbas, Muhammad Azam Khan, Mustafa Kan, Muhammad Ali Raza, Sajjad Hussain, Shakeel Ahmad, Zartash Fatima

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Crop growth models can be valuable tools for researchers, academia, extension educators, and policy makers/planners for the evaluation of sustainable and long-term husbandry practices. Determining the optimum sowing window, which can be determined using crop growth models, is imperative under changing climate conditions. Thus, the main objectives herein were to 1) assess the performance of the cropping system model-crop environment resource synthesis-maize model for hybrids and sowing dates in the spring and autumn, and 2) determine the optimum sowing window in 15 districts of Punjab, Pakistan. In the spring experiment, 3 hybrids (P-33M15, M-DK6525, and S-NK8441) were planted in the …

Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Analysis Of Grapevine Germplasm Of Theaegean Region (Türkiye) By Ssr Markers, Canan Yüksel Özmen, Funda Baydu, Nahi̇d Hazrati̇, Tamer Uysal, Ahmet Semi̇h Yaşasin, Cengi̇z Özer, Burcu Peli̇n Büyük, Yilmaz Boz, Bariş Özünlü, Ali̇ Ergül

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The Aegean region makes a prominent contribution to Turkish viticulture. The region, which includes important grape culture centers such as Manisa, Denizli, and İzmir, has extremely favorable conditions for the cultivation of seedless grapes as well as table and wine grape varieties. In this region, which possesses rich grapevine genetic diversity together with its area and production potential, it is seen that there is variety confusion caused by different nomenclature and intravariety variations. In addition, some old grape varieties that are not used in cultivation are at risk of disappearing. In order to address these problems, the viticulture potentials of …

Cereal–Vegetable Intercropping: Hindrances And Strategies To Increase Intercropping, Iqra Zaki̇r, Ahmad Abdul Wahab, Tahira Abbas, Sakeena Tul-Ain Haider, Sobia Irum, Samreen Sabir, Sajjad Hussain, Shakeel Ahmad

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Climate change is the major factor that affects crop yield and productivity in the long term. The changing climate scenario is now impacting farmers’ lands and their outcomes in both developed and developing countries. The intercropping of crop species or varieties that have high arable capability is a promising technique for increasing crop production without increasing agricultural inputs. In intercropping, the selection of varieties, optimum sowing time, method of plant arrangement, and sowing proportion are required to make the design suitable for an intercropping system. Intercropping is one of the most highlighted agronomic practices helping to improve soil health (structure, …

Determination Of Genetic Diversity Among Some Naturally Growing Arbutus Andrachne L.Genotypes In Türkiye Using Morphological, Biochemical, And Molecular Markers, Ni̇lda Ersoy, Ramazan Süleyman Göktürk, Emi̇ne Orhan, Mustafa Erkan, İbrahi̇m Baktir, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Sağbaş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The strawberry tree (Arbutus andrachne L.) is a wild edible fruit that grows naturally in the Mediterranean climate zone, including Türkiye. In this study, the genetic morphological, biochemical, and genetic diversity of 10 superior strawberry tree genotypes growing naturally in Antalya Province in Türkiye were investigated. Morphological and biochemical characterization were performed based on some important fruit characteristics. In addition, genetic variation was detected at the molecular level using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The genotypes exhibited fruit weight, width, length, and shape index values of 1.22–2.12 g, 12.07–15.28 mm, 10.15–14.24 mm, and 0.99–2.22, respectively. The biochemical parameters soluble solid …

Molecular Characterization Of The Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4e Isoform,Eif(Iso)4e, In Traditional Cultivars Of Prunus Domestica, Attila Hegedus, Geronima Pamulaklakin Eusebio, Beti Ivanovska, Júlia Halász

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

A plum pox virus (PPV) susceptible traditional cultivar (Besztercei Bt.2) and a clone of a PPV resistant autochthonous landrace, Nemtudom (Nábrád) of the hexaploid European plum (Prunus domestica) were used to identify and characterize an isoform of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor, eIF(iso)4E, a host susceptibility factor required for PPV infection in plum. The cDNA and intron sequences of the eIF(iso)4E gene and the modeled 3D structure of the encoded proteins revealed sequence alterations that are not expected to critically influence the structure and function of the protein. The introns shared the canonical GT–AG splice sites, although they showed base …