Agriculture Commons^™

The Technology Optimization Of The Freezing Microwave Treatment Assisted Extraction Of Phenols From Red Grape Juice, Hong Meiling, Feng Zuoshan, Bai Yujia, Zheng Wancai, Ma Dexiu

Food and Machinery

In order to promote the rapid dissolution of anthocyanins and other polyphenols in colored grapes into grape juice, taking cabernet sauvignon grape as raw materia, using non thermal processing technology combined with freezing microwave treatment. Based on the single factor experiment, choosing the anthocyanin and polyphenol content of dual response value. Factors such as sample quality, freezing time, freezing temperature, microwave time and microwave power were selected as optimization factors, designed optimization of response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken experimental design principle. The optimum conditions for the simultaneous optimization of the two indicators were as follows: The sample quality was …

Study On Optimization And Effect Of Microwave Assisted Dilute Acid Degradation Of Corn Cob, Zhu Liyan, Yang Xiaorui, Wang Wei, Liang Jinhua, Zhu Jianliang

Food and Machinery

In order to improve the utilization rate and economic benefit of lignocellulose, the hydrolysis of corncob was studied by the method of using dilute acid as catalyst under microwave irradiation. Through single factor and orthogonal way ,the influences of microwave radiation time, microwave power, acid concentration, solid-liquid ratio and particle size of corncob were discussed with sugar yield and raw material conversion rate as index ; Raw materials and three methods of treatment of hydrolyzed residue were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).The results showed that the optimal reaction conditions were as follow: corncob was crushed …

Optimization On Mixed Fermentation Process With Brown Rice Ferment, Zhang Xupu, Bai Junyan, Liu Tengyun, Wu Rongrong, Cheng Shumei

Food and Machinery

The mixed fermentation process of enzymatic brown rice was optimized by the response surface method. In order to optimize the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus plantarum in short-term mixed fermented brown rice, the fermentation medium components of the traditional brown rice enzyme were optimized and the interaction between the constituent components was analyzed. Firstly, the main factors were analyzed by pre-experiemntal. The vital influencing factors of biomass, such as honey, brown rice and NaCl, were determined by Plackett-Burman test. The direction and step size of the steepest climbing test are set according to the three important factors effect intensity. …

Effect Of Microwave Drying Conditions On Volatile Oil Content In Zanthoxylum Schinifolium And Its Process Optimization, Peng Lin, Tian Bin, Wang Lin, Kan Jianquan, Chen Hourong

Food and Machinery

The Optimization of the microwave drying process was investigated using the response surface method in the “Jiuyeqing” Zanthoxylum schinifolium,with enzyme-inactivated by steam. The effects of microwave power, volume and intermittent microwave time on the content of volatile oil in microwave-dried Z. schinifolium were studied, and the suitable influence range was determined. On the basis of single factor experiment, the content of volatile oil was based on the Box-behnken Center combination test design principle, and the microwave drying regression model of it was established. The results showed that the optimal microwave drying parameters were as follows. The microwave power was 354.26 …

Research Progress On Extraction Technology Of Active Components From Corn Bran, Zhao Erlao, Wang Minghua, Gao Ziyi, Zhao Sanhu

Food and Machinery

Corn bran was the major byproducts of corn processing, which contained a variety of functional and active components. Based on the literature learning method and summarization, the Chinese research progresses on the extraction technology of corn bran active components in recent ten years were reviewed in this article. The research prospect of the corn bran active components had also been presented, which provided a reference for its overall and further research and development.

Structure And Properties Of Acetylated Corn Starch Prepared Under Ultra High Pressure (Uhp), Pu Huayin, Ma Yun, Huang Meng, Xu Yao, Fan Fan, Liu Shuhan, Huang Junrong

Food and Machinery

The acetylated starches from corn were prepared under ultra high pressure (UHP) by acetic anhydride as reaction reagent, and NaCl as the reaction medium. The structure and properties of acetylated starches were analyzed by using light microscope, X-ray diffractometer and rapid viscosity analyzer. The results indicated that the granular acetylated starch showed a similar crystallite structure as that of native starch. In addition, the acetylated starches were gelatinized when treated at 600 MPa and the structure of starch granules was gradually destroyed, whereas the crystal structure was transformed from the A-type crystallite to the V-type crystallite. However the gelatinization negatively …

The Analysis And Evaluation Of Nutrients Of Sansui’S Characteristic Sheldrake Duck Eggs, Shen Changxuan, Wang Xiujun, Huang Shan

Food and Machinery

The eggs of Sansui’s characteristic sheldrake duck were researched to enrich its foundation and deepen the objective evaluation. Moisture content, crude protein content, amino acid composition and its content, crude fat content, composition and content of fatty acids, cholesterol content and the content of calcium, zinc, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese, lead and selenium of 3 kinds of egg samples in Guizhou were determined by the methods of China national standard, chromatography of gases, Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and spectrofluorimetry. Amino acid and fatty acids were scientifically evaluated by the method WHO/FAO Amino Acid Scoring Model, the chemical score …

Study On Impact Characteristics Of Rubber Seeds, Li Zihao, Wang Tao

Food and Machinery

It is an important method to break rubber seeds with the principle of collision. In order to study the breaking mechanics of rubber seeds in the collision process, the instantaneous impact force of rubber seeds was measured by RFP data acquisition system. In this experiment, single factor method was adopted to select the height, angle and initial velocity factors to analyze the influence of various factors on the impact force of rubber seeds. The experimental results showed that (the perspective of the range is 0° to 90°) : When height increased from 0.5 m to 2.0 m, the collision force …

Study On Correlation Between Sound Of Breaking And Crispness Of Potato Chips, Zhang Zihan, Feng Tao, Liang Yi, Feng Lili, Wang Jing

Food and Machinery

The hardness and crispness of potato chips were tested by texture analyzer in the present study. Moreover, the fractured acoustic signals were collected to analyze the relationship between the crispness of potato chips and the acoustic characteristics, and the acoustic rating of physical properties were evaluated. The relationship between the hardness crispness and flexibility of three different potato chips and their acoustic characteristics were investigated. The results showed that the more crispness of potato chips had, their hardness and toughness were lower, and the sound of breaking was louder. However, no significant linear correlation were found between the characteristics.

Quality Indifferent Degrees Of Softness Of Pickles And Itsprincipal Components Analysis Of Volatiles, Huang Shenglan, Du Muyin, Zhou Xianrong, Tang Yanyan, Li Yuzhu, Long Mou, Yu Lihong

Food and Machinery

Taking softened radish pickles as research object, the present study explored the differences in physicochemical property and flavor substance of normal pickles and pickles with different softness, determined the flavor and analyzed the main ingredients of pickles with eadspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromate graphy-mass spectrometry, HS-SPME-GC-MS. The experimental results showed that the acidity and salinity of softened pickles were higher than those of normal pickles. The texture index, sensory evaluation of normal pickles were all better than softened pickles, and the 4 kinds of pickles were all yellowish green. 41, 32, 37 and 30 volatile ingredients were detected in normal pickles …

Managing Cattle Market Risk With Lrp Insurance, Jay Parsons

Cornhusker Economics

Price and market uncertainties pose a significant risk to cattle producers with a substantial amount of money invested in breeding livestock, land, and other infrastructure. Price protection through the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) futures contracts and options can be used to help mitigate this risk but, in the case of futures contracts, they can also introduce financial burdens in the form of margin calls. Furthermore, many medium to small-scale producers prefer not to get involved with trading futures and options contracts.

Evaluation Of Genetic Diversity And Stability Of Colocasia Cultivars Using Issr, Seukmin Hong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Using 44 ornamental Colocasia cultivars planted at Stephen F. Austin State University (Nacogdoches, TX), cultivar assessment, genetic diversity, stability, and relationship were examined with banding patterns produced from Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Comparing banding patterns of vegetatively propagated clones of each cultivar, genetic stability was examined. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and principal coordinate analysis (PCO) were performed to examine genetic relationship that can explain a need for the new classification Colocasia gigantea and recent movement of re-classifying Colocasia antiquorum. Average Shannon’s diversity index for all loci was found to quantify genetic diversity. The genetic …

Four Legs Good, Two Legs Bad: How Slaughterhouse Safety Hasn’T Kept Up With The Times, Emily Ziemski

Capstones

From legal loopholes and outdated rules to undetectable infections and understaffing, the United States Department of Agriculture may not be doing all it can to make sure the American public’s health isn't at risk. As the people of the United States consume over 500 million pounds of beef a year, food safety policy and slaughterhouses are falling behind in proper procedural measurements in the beef industry.

emziemski.com/capstone

Hester, Lanny Ray, 1950-2015 (Fa 1120), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Folklife Archives Project FA 1120. Student folk studies project titled: "Traditional Farming Methods & Tools," which includes survey sheets with brief descriptions of traditional farming using horses or mules in Warren County, Kentucky. Sheets may include a description of the traditional tack or implement, photo, informant's name, and text classification.

An Introduction To The Economic Impact Of Dry Edible Bean Production, Timothy Meyer

Cornhusker Economics

Amazing statistics about Nebraska agriculture are plentiful. For example, Nebraska produces the 4th most output of agricultural products in the United States, while ranking only 37th in population. No wonder Nebraska's agricultural output ranks first when adjusted for population. It is safe to say most Nebraskans understand the importance of beef, corn, soybeans and ethanol. On the other hand, secondary crops play an important role in the economy as well, especially in the western portion of the state.

The Aid Effectiveness Architecture In Africa: An Analysis Of Aid Structures In Kenya’S Agriculture Sector, Daniel Kipleel Borter

International Journal of African Development

This study examines in detail the development aid architecture in Kenya’s agriculture sector. The focus is on the mechanisms in place within the Kenyan government (and ministry of agriculture in particular), mechanisms among and within donor agencies, and overall coordination mechanisms that bring together the donors and the government. Findings show that coordination and harmonization activities among donors are yet to yield the desired outcomes such as the division of labor protocol and joint programming. Weaknesses are also observed on the government side where it appears authorities are yet to internalize PD concepts and interpret them to suit the country's …

Optimization Of Parameters For The Densification (Pelletization) Of Cereal Crop Residues And Feasibility Study Of Pellet Plant Development In The State Of Arkansas From Economic Perspective, Shyam Thapa

Student Theses and Dissertations

Conventional cereal crop residues, namely, rice (Oryza sativa L.), corn (Zea mays L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is very abundant and readily available widely. It has been a nuisance to agronomic producers to manage these immense “so-called wastes”. The Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) promulgated by the United States and The EU’s renewable energy directive mandated the substantial incorporation of renewable energy in their final energy consumption. These led to the increase in R&D’s on biomass and bioenergy products in the United States as well. Hammer mill grinds of different cereal crop residues, rice, wheat, and corn, sieved …

Development And Testing Of An Agricultural Nozzle Clog Detection Device Prototype, Chin Nee Vong

Student Theses and Dissertations

Nozzle clogging during spray application results in poor weed management and increased cost in re-spraying. A device that can detect nozzle clogging during the spraying operation is necessary. A novel method and device for detecting clogged nozzles that is externally attachable to each nozzle on the sprayer’s boom has been developed in the Precision Application Technology Lab at Arkansas State University. The study’s objectives include developing prototypes of this device and comparing the spray droplet size and spray pattern in controlled condition and spray coverage in field condition with and without using the device. The research demonstrated that this new …

Incentives And Nudges For Environmental Stewardship On Farmland: A Lab Experiment On The Agglomeration Bonus, Simanti Banerjee

Cornhusker Economics

Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) schemes have an important role in generating ecosystem services conservation and restoration benefits through adoption of various land uses on private agricultural property. These policies provide financial compensation to producers for benefits delivered over and above a baseline level and for any income losses arising from the land use change (Hanley et al. 2012). Examples of PES schemes include the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) in the U. S., the Pago por Servicios Ambientales in Costa Rica and the Stewardship Schemes in the U. K. to name a few.

Weather And Climate Summary And Forecast: December 2017 Report, Gregory V. Jones

Linfield University Wine Studies Reports

This report provides a summary of the weather and climate forecast for December 2017. It includes forecast information specific to the Pacific Northwest and the western United States, as well as forecast information for other portions of the United States and abroad.

Cavin, Debbie And Sharman Mullins (Fa 1119), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Folklife Archives Project 1119. Student paper titled “The Stewart Farm” in which Debbie Cavin and Sharman Mulls provide an expansive look at the homestead of Garrett Graham Stewart, a native of Warren County, Kentucky. The log house, which was built by Stewart in 1850, was originally part of a 400-acre farmstead. Cavin and Mullins collected their historical data from Bill and Bell Muth, a couple who were in the process of renovating and restoring the Stewart home. In addition to a history of the land, Cavin and Mullins also provide commentary on the home’s various architectural …

Demand And Risk Management Analysis Of Rainfall Index Insurance, Ashlee Carlson

Department of Agricultural Economics: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This thesis has two research chapters regarding the government provided Rainfall Index Insurance for Pasture, Rangeland, and Forage (RI-PRF). In the first chapter, we empirically examined whether charity hazard exists between Rainfall Index Insurance (RI-PRF) and government mandated Livestock Forage Program by estimating the demand for RI-PRF. Evidence was found that lagged LFP payments significantly increase the marginal effects of participating in RI-PRF in three of the five states and in the combined model. These results support the opposite of charity hazard where LFP payments improve the probability of purchasing RI-PRF. In our other models, the results provide evidence in …

Economic Contribution Of The Agricultural Sector To The Arkansas Economy In 2015, Leah English, Jennie Popp, Wayne Miller

AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins

Agriculture and associated agricultural activities are major contributors to the Arkansas economy. Agriculture is defined as the sum of agricultural production and processing activities, unless otherwise specified, and includes crop and animal production and processing, agricultural support industries, forestry and forest products, and textile goods. Agriculture contributes to the economy through direct agricultural production and value-added processing, and also leads to economic activity in other parts of the economy. This report is the tenth in a series of reports examining agriculture’s economic contribution to the Arkansas economy. The total economic contribution of agriculture (direct, indirect, and induced effects) on value …

Calibration Of The Apex Model To Simulate Management Practice Effects On Runoff, Sediment, And Phosphorus Loss, Ammar B. Bhandari Ph.D., Nathan O. Nelson, Daniel W. Sweeney, Claire Baffaut, John A. Lory, Anomaa Senaviratne, Gary M. Pierzynski, Phillip L. Barnes

Agriculture Faculty Publications

Process-based computer models have been proposed as a tool to generate data for Phosphorus (P) Index assessment and development. Although models are commonly used to simulate P loss from agriculture using managements that are different from the calibration data, this use of models has not been fully tested. The objective of this study is to determine if the Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender (APEX) model can accurately simulate runoff, sediment, total P, and dissolved P loss from 0.4 to 1.5 ha of agricultural fields with managements that are different from the calibration data. The APEX model was calibrated with field-scale data …

Land Capability Assessment For Expanding Irrigated Horticulture Around Myalup, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia, Dafwa

Resource management technical reports

The Department of Primary Industry and Regional Development (DPIRD, formerly Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia), assessed the suitability of land for expanding irrigated horticulture around Myalup, Western Australia. The assessment builds upon existing soil-landscape mapping produced by van Gool and Kipling (1992), and Barnesby and Proulx-Nixon (2000). This report provides guidance to decision-makers and investors about areas with potential for irrigated horticulture.

The survey area for this assessment is east of Myalup, covering 37 800 hectares (ha). Johnston Road forms the northern boundary and the Brunswick River forms the southern boundary (Figure 1.1). The sandy soils of the …

Profitability Analysis Of Varying Herd Sizes Based On Price Signals In Cow-Calf Operations, Colson Tester

Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Undergraduate Honors Theses

The third most consumed meat around the world is beef. Despite global growth in demand, cattle markets experience price cycles related to biological production lags causing variability in cash flow and profitability for producers. Price-driven herd size management strategies thus have received attention. This study adds to that literature by analyzing both price and production risk using three herd size management strategies: i) steady state – holding herd size constant; ii) dollar cost averaging – keeping reinvestment constant by varying the number of replacement heifers retained at a constant long run average dollar total; and iii) moving average – using …

Small- And Medium-Sized Feedlots: Management And Marketing Survey Results, Matthew A. Diersen, Scott W. Fausti

Economics Research Reports (1969 - 2017)

Increasing sector specialization has led to a decline in the number of smaller feedlots in the U.S. However, some operations continue to finish or background cattle as part of diversified operations. After a set of focus group sessions a survey was conducted of feedlots in South Dakota to determine the competitive tradeoffs among size of operation and production and risk management practices. The mail survey was designed in collaboration with the National Agricultural Statistical Service (NASS). NASS designed a stratified random sampling methodology for survey instrument dissemination. A bi-variate sampling stratification procedure was used; South Dakota feedlots with less than …

2017 – 2018 Kentucky Agricultural Economic Situation And Outlook, Kenneth H. Burdine, Todd D. Davis, Jerry Pierce, William M. Snell, Timothy A. Woods, Jeffrey W. Stringer, Bobby Ammerman, Chad Niman, William R. Thomas

Agricultural Situation and Outlook

No abstract provided.

Animal Welfare Frames: How Social Media Messages Bridge The Gap Between The Protein Industry And Consumers, Olivia Norton

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The two articles in this thesis used content analysis to analyze and compare animal welfare related website and Twitter content of the top five animal protein producing companies in the United States. In the first article, the animal welfare website content of Cargill, Tyson Foods Inc., Smithfield, JBS® and Sysco were analyzed for persuasive frames, common topics, and key terminology to describe their corporate positions on animal welfare. Sysco’s main page devoted to animal welfare dominated the word count with 1,045 words, while JBS®’s main animal welfare page used only 265 words to communicate the company’s views. The most commonly …

Vineyard Age Effect On Juice Chemistry, Anthocyanins, And Total Phenolics, Eric L. Camera

Wine and Viticulture

Grapevines (cv Zinfandel) planted in the same vineyard 100 years apart were analyzed for juice chemistry and phenolic content of the fruit. The vineyard was dry farmed, and vines from the original 1890 vineyard were compared to vines inter-planted in 1990. As “old vine” wines can command higher prices in the market due to a perceived difference in fruit characteristics. This study attempted to observe if there was a measurable difference in fruit characteristics, or if it is simply an effective marketing strategy. There has been little research conducted in the wine industry attempting to observe a difference of old …