Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Agriculture Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Clemson University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 91 - 116 of 116

Full-Text Articles in Agriculture

Responses Of Upland Herpetofauna To The Restoration Of Carolina Bays And Thinning Of Forested Bay Margins, Joseph Ledvina May 2008

Responses Of Upland Herpetofauna To The Restoration Of Carolina Bays And Thinning Of Forested Bay Margins, Joseph Ledvina

All Theses

Research on the effects of wetland restoration on reptiles and amphibians is becoming more common, but almost all of these studies have observed the colonization of recently disturbed habitats that were completely dry at the time of restoration. In a similar manner, investigations herpetofaunal responses to forest management have focused on clearcuts, and less intensive stand manipulations are not as well studied. To evaluate community and population responses of reptiles and amphibians to hydrology restoration and canopy removal in the interior of previously degraded Carolina bays, I monitored herpetofauna in the uplands adjacent to six historically degraded Carolina bays in …


Evaluation Of Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Habitat Using A Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Foraging Matrix Application, Atul Kale May 2008

Evaluation Of Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Habitat Using A Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Foraging Matrix Application, Atul Kale

All Theses

ABSTRACT

The red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) is a listed endangered species, endemic in the southeastern United States. It is a cooperatively breeding species preferring to live in an open, mature and old growth pine ecosystem. The restoration and management of red-cockaded woodpecker habitat is a difficult task within both public and private land. Forest management practices may have adverse effect on nesting and foraging habitat. To delist the red-cockaded woodpecker from the endangered species list, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service developed the 2003 Recovery Plan. The foraging matrix was developed to produce an index or scoring system to classify …


Development Of In Vitro Protocols To Enhance Secondary Metabolite Production From Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.), Matthew Cousins May 2008

Development Of In Vitro Protocols To Enhance Secondary Metabolite Production From Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.), Matthew Cousins

All Theses

Plant and organ culture can readily be applied to the field of medicinal plant and secondary metabolite production. Many studies that have been conducted attest to the utility of in vitro methods for preservation of genetic diversity, propagation of clonal individuals for use in commercial field planting, and production of metabolites directly from culture. Experiments have also shown that tissue culture is an important tool for enhancement of medicinal compound production utilizing various methods including elicitation. This thesis focuses on production of metabolites using an in vitro system. An overview in the form of a literature review is provided, which …


Environmental Observing Systems For Assessing Impacts Of Land Use Change, Samuel Esswein May 2008

Environmental Observing Systems For Assessing Impacts Of Land Use Change, Samuel Esswein

All Theses

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the application of technology solutions for enabling environmental research. This project develops a complete environmental observing system in support of an investigation of the hydrological and ecological impacts of land use change on the coast of South Carolina. The land use change study is an ongoing multi-disciplinary effort involving the collection of a large number of monitored and sampled parameters at Bannockburn Plantation, which is located near the City of Georgetown in South Carolina. Long term monitoring will support a hydrological and ecological assessment of the study site before, during, and after …


Short-Term And Long-Term Time Course Studies Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Microrhizome Development In Vitro, Jeffrey Adelberg, Matthew M. Cousins Apr 2008

Short-Term And Long-Term Time Course Studies Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Microrhizome Development In Vitro, Jeffrey Adelberg, Matthew M. Cousins

Publications

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) plantlets were cultured in MS (Murashige and Skoog Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962) liquid medium with 6% sucrose. Microrhizome development was observed in the presence of methyl jasmonate (MeJa) (0, 5 and 16 μM) and benzyladenine (BA) (0, 0.32 and 1 μM). Leaf, root, rhizome growth, and sugar use were measured weekly for 6 weeks in small vessels (180 ml) and four times in 23 weeks in larger vessels (2.5 l). MeJa reduced leaf, root, and rhizome biomass. BA had a positive effect on biomass accumulation. Microrhizome mass increased at a linear rate during 6 weeks …


Woody Invasive Plant Species Occurrence And Abundance As, Jyoti Patnaik Dec 2007

Woody Invasive Plant Species Occurrence And Abundance As, Jyoti Patnaik

All Theses

The spread of invasive plants is one of the most challenging ecological problems in the 21st century, causing a $35 billion loss per year to the economy in the United states alone. More than 85% of woody invasive species were introduced originally for ornamental and landscape use. As a result, over the last few decades, perennial woody invaders have appeared in fence rows, rights-of-way, old fields, understories, and the canopies of eastern forests of the United States. Besides the information about the geographical distribution, general biological characteristics, and response to herbicides, very little information is available on the occurrence and …


Provisioning And Prey Quality In Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus Occidentalis) In Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, Elena Sachs Dec 2007

Provisioning And Prey Quality In Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus Occidentalis) In Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, Elena Sachs

All Theses

I examined parent and nestling behavior during early chick rearing in Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) nesting at a colony in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina during the 2006 breeding season. There were significant differences in the frequency of feeding, attendance, and chick aggression according to chick age, although the pattern differed among behaviors. The rate of adult feeding, chick feeding and adult attendance all decreased with chick age while chick aggressive behavior peaked when chicks were ca. 21 d post-hatch. I found that nests with at least one juvenile parent had a lower average clutch size, hatch rate, and number of …


Effects Of Season Of Fire On Red-Cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides Borealis) Reproduction And The Breeding Bird Community Of A Longleaf Pine Ecosystem, Sarah Lauerman Dec 2007

Effects Of Season Of Fire On Red-Cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides Borealis) Reproduction And The Breeding Bird Community Of A Longleaf Pine Ecosystem, Sarah Lauerman

All Theses

Fire is the most important management tool in restoring and maintaining the longleaf pine ecosystem but the effects of season of burning on fauna are not fully understood. Of particular concern is the community of birds which breed in the longleaf pine forest, several of which are endangered, threatened or species of concern. This study examined the effects of season of fire on the breeding bird community and a population of red-cockaded woodpeckers (RCW) at Brosnan Forest in Dorchester, South Carolina. Fifty-eight RCW territories received dormant or growing season fire over a five-year period from 2001 to 2005. Prior to …


Predicting The Growth Of Deciduous Tree Species In Response To Water Stress: Fvs-Bgc Model Parameterization, Application And Evaluation, Ying Wang Dec 2007

Predicting The Growth Of Deciduous Tree Species In Response To Water Stress: Fvs-Bgc Model Parameterization, Application And Evaluation, Ying Wang

All Theses

A hybrid model (FVS-BGC) that couples the process-model STAND-BGC to the empirically based forest vegetation simulator (FVS) was parameterized with comprehensive ecophysiological, site, and silvicultural data collected on Acer rubrum L. (A. rubrum), Paulownia elongata (P. elongata), Quercus nuttallii (Q. nuttallii), and Quercus phellos (Q. phellos) in 2006. A series of simulations provided of estimates species-specific carbon gain, growth, and yield under well-watered and water-stressed conditions. Simulations on a species-specific basis allowed assessment of drought effects on stand production and the ability of FVS-BGC to predict on a deciduous species basis. Under well watered conditions, FVS-BGC was able to predict …


Using Avifauna For Ecological Assessment In Streamside Management Zones Implemented By Forestry Best Management Practices, Keenan Adams Aug 2007

Using Avifauna For Ecological Assessment In Streamside Management Zones Implemented By Forestry Best Management Practices, Keenan Adams

All Theses

Riparian ecosystems provide many ecological functions critical to both aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates. Anecdotal field observations indicate that upland forest harvesting may affect riparian ecosystem functions, yet the relationship has not been well documented, especially for wildlife. As part of the collaborative Dry Creek watershed study at International Paper's Southlands Forest in Decatur County, Georgia, I evaluated the effects of Best Management Practices (BMP) timber harvesting on avian communities occupying riparian corridors/streamside management zones (SMZs) in headwater streams of the Gulf Coastal Plain of Georgia. Using repeated visits to established line transects, data were collected during the breeding seasons from …


Evaluation Of Conservation Management Practices For Northern Bobwhites And Shrub-Scrub Songbirds, William Heaton Aug 2007

Evaluation Of Conservation Management Practices For Northern Bobwhites And Shrub-Scrub Songbirds, William Heaton

All Theses

ABSTRACT We evaluated the effect of early-successional habitat management practices on vegetation structure and composition, shrub-scrub songbird nesting, wintering songbird habitat use, and Northern Bobwhite habitat use in the lower Coastal Plain of South Carolina. The response of vegetation was measured for 18 different disturbance treatments at the end of each growing season from 2000 to 2006. The response of vegetation to disturbance was different among treatments. However, similarities existed between burn and disk treatments with the same season and frequency. We found 76 shrub-scrub songbird nests during the 2005 and 2006 nesting seasons. Painted buntings, indigo buntings, and blue …


Sasajiscymnus Tsugae(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) As A Biological Control For Hemlock Woolly Adelgid , Wess Klunk Aug 2007

Sasajiscymnus Tsugae(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) As A Biological Control For Hemlock Woolly Adelgid , Wess Klunk

All Theses

To better understand the tritrophic interaction involving Sasajiscymnus tsugae Sasaji and McClure, hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand (HWA)), and Tsuga (hemlock) tree hosts, an experiment was designed to determine the fitness of S. tsugae while feeding on HWA infesting either eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) (Carriere)) or Carolina hemlock (T. caroliniana (Engelmann)). The predator in this interaction is S. tsugae, a possible biological control agent for HWA. In the eastern United States, preliminary work on S. tsugae for potential as a biological control agent for HWA was started in 1995. It was determined that S. tsugae was a promising …


Controlling Kudzu (Pueraria Montana) In Riparian Zones And High Risk Areas, Casey Newton Aug 2007

Controlling Kudzu (Pueraria Montana) In Riparian Zones And High Risk Areas, Casey Newton

All Theses

The effects of polyethylene sheeting as a thermal covering to eradicate kudzu were investigated on an area within the Clemson University Experimental Forest in Clemson, South Carolina on a Cecil clay loam. In 2005, the highest reduction of live root crowns was observed in the complete season treatment (covered for the entire growing season) with a reduction of 42% of live root crowns compared to control (no covering) plots. The next most effective was the one-week treatment (covered for one week, uncovered for one week, then repeated throughout the growing season) that reduced root crowns by 35%. The least effective …


Determining The Efficacy Of A Commercially Available Post-Thaw Bovine Semen Sexing Kit, Erin Curry Aug 2007

Determining The Efficacy Of A Commercially Available Post-Thaw Bovine Semen Sexing Kit, Erin Curry

All Theses

Swaying the bovine sex ratio is beneficial because dairy heifers are significantly more valuable than bull calves, whereas in the beef industry, bull calves are more desirable than females. Currently, there is no inexpensive, reliable, effective method for commercially separating X- and Y- bearing sperm. The objective of these experiments was to determine the efficacy of a commercially available post-thaw bovine semen sexing kit, HeiferPlusTM, which claims to sway the sex ratio in favor of female calves.
Three trials included the insemination of hyperstimulated cows with Control or HeiferPlusTM treated semen, non-surgical embryo collection on Day 7, and a novel …


Developing Environmental Education, Nature-Based Tourism, And Outdoor Recreation Initiatives On A Solid Waste Management Site In Conway, South Carolina, David Dantzler May 2007

Developing Environmental Education, Nature-Based Tourism, And Outdoor Recreation Initiatives On A Solid Waste Management Site In Conway, South Carolina, David Dantzler

All Theses

The Horry County South Carolina Solid Waste Authority wanted to create a space that could serve the duties of the landfill and as an environmental education and recreation facility on a tract of land they own. Several areas of minimal ecological importance are used as sorting facilities for storm debris and cap dirt excavation areas for use on the active landfill. The remainder of the tract is planned for the development of an environmental education, nature-based tourism, and outdoor recreation center. A natural resources management plan was produced to promote and protect the ecological diversity of the tract. A geographic …


Landscape Scale Correlates Of Fox Squirrel (Sciurus Niger) Presence , Kristin Meehan May 2007

Landscape Scale Correlates Of Fox Squirrel (Sciurus Niger) Presence , Kristin Meehan

All Theses

Although declining throughout the southeast, fox squirrel (Sciurus niger) populations are found on some golf courses in rapidly developing coastal South Carolina. This study used 2001 National Landcover Database data to investigate the relationship between fox squirrel presence on golf courses and landscape-scale habitat features. Results indicated that the best predictor of fox squirrel presence on a course was the presence of a fox squirrel population on the nearest neighbor course, regardless of distance. Course age and the total area of undeveloped features on the course were the best predictors of fox squirrel presence on golf courses without …


In Vitro Liquid Culture Systems Of Scutellaria Species, Ayse Tascan May 2007

In Vitro Liquid Culture Systems Of Scutellaria Species, Ayse Tascan

All Theses

In vitro culture of three Scutellaria species (S. lateriflora, S. costaricana and S. baicalensis) compared growth on different culture systems; agar and liquid cultures; stationary (LS), agitated (LA) and floating paper (FP). Fresh (FW), dry (DW), % dry weight (%DW=DW/FW), multiplication ratio (MR) and, sucrose, media and water use were compared. LA and LS plantlets were more hyperhydric, had more biomass, except S. baicalensis in LS, and less MR compared to agar and FP plantlets. A second experiment was conducted comparing liquid, agar and polyester fiber matrixes at different initial media volumes-30 mL and 20 mL. Plantlets from fiber had …


Survival, Nesting Success, And Habitat Selection Of Wild Turkey Populations In The Upper Coastal Plain Of South Carolina, William Moore Dec 2006

Survival, Nesting Success, And Habitat Selection Of Wild Turkey Populations In The Upper Coastal Plain Of South Carolina, William Moore

All Dissertations

Survival, nesting success, and habitat selection of wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) populations in South Carolina were evaluated. The study was conducted on the Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS) in the Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina. Portions of the study were conducted on Crackerneck Wildlife Management Area and Ecological Reserve (CWMA) on the western portion of SRS. During January through March of 1998 - 2000, 37 hens and 47 gobblers were captured on SRS, and 19 gobblers were captured on CWMA and fitted with radio transmitters. Survival rates between hunted and unhunted wild turkey gobblers were compared to …


Efficiency In Thin-Film Liquid System For Hosta Micropropagation, Jeffrey Adelberg Jan 2005

Efficiency In Thin-Film Liquid System For Hosta Micropropagation, Jeffrey Adelberg

Publications

Three varieties of Hosta (‘Striptease’, ‘Minuteman’ and ‘Stiletto’) at four densities (40, 80, 120 and 200 explants per litre) were micropropagated on semi-solid agar and a thin-film liquid system with intermittent wetting of plant tissue. The mechanics of wetting by a small wave front required a larger rectangular vessel (11 × 27=297 cm 2) compared to the common cylindrical baby food jar (18 cm 2). Plants multiplied more rapidly in the agitated thin-film system than on agar. Lower plant densities increased rates of multiplication in liquid, but had little or no effect on multiplication rate on agar. Increasing …


In Vitro Storage Of Hosta Micropropagules - Effect Of Media Sucrose On Post-Storage Recovery, Jeffrey Adelberg, Vani Gollagunta, Nihal C. Rajapakse Jan 2002

In Vitro Storage Of Hosta Micropropagules - Effect Of Media Sucrose On Post-Storage Recovery, Jeffrey Adelberg, Vani Gollagunta, Nihal C. Rajapakse

Publications

No abstract provided.


Winter Greenhouse Propagation Of Clematis X Jackmannii With Capillary Surface Material Fibers, Jeffrey Adelberg, Joshua Giordano-Silliman Jan 2002

Winter Greenhouse Propagation Of Clematis X Jackmannii With Capillary Surface Material Fibers, Jeffrey Adelberg, Joshua Giordano-Silliman

Publications

No abstract provided.


A New Synthetic Amphidiploid In Cucumis From A C. Sativus X C. Hystrix F1 Interspecific Hybrid, Jeffrey Adelberg, Jinfeng Chen, Jack E. Staub, Halina Skorupska, Billy Rhodes Jan 1998

A New Synthetic Amphidiploid In Cucumis From A C. Sativus X C. Hystrix F1 Interspecific Hybrid, Jeffrey Adelberg, Jinfeng Chen, Jack E. Staub, Halina Skorupska, Billy Rhodes

Publications

CT. A synthetic amphidiploid was developed through organogenesis in tissue culturefrom an interspecific F1hybrid betweenCucumis sativus L. andC. hystrix Chakr. The resultsfrom flow cytometry indicated that, on average, 7.3% of the regenerants with unique morphology were chromosome-doubled F1hybrids. The 2C DNA content of the original F1hybrid was1.17 pg, and the 4C DNA content was 2.35 pg. Frequency of chromosome doubling between thetwo genotypes used in this study varied considerably.


Unitized, Nonselective Cutting Of In Vitro Watermelon, Jeff W. Adelberg, Y Alper, R E. Young, B B. Rhodes Jan 1994

Unitized, Nonselective Cutting Of In Vitro Watermelon, Jeff W. Adelberg, Y Alper, R E. Young, B B. Rhodes

Publications

Unitized, nonselective mass cutting of Stage II Citrullus lanatus cv. Charlee (watermelon) plant tissue cultures has been achieved with various configurations and sizes of wire cutter devices. Time studies revealed that the wire cutters increased the productivity of the cutting function over conventional scalpel and forceps by a factor of 14, Total transfer productivity, including the manual functions of removing tissue from an initial culture vessel and filling (sorting and placing cut tissue segments) new vessels, was increased by a factor of 1,8, The square grid-type cutting devices yielded from 48 to 59% as many viable bud clusters per culture …


Mass Handling Of Watermelon Microcuttings, Jeffrey Adelberg, Y Alper, R E. Young, B B. Rhodes Jan 1994

Mass Handling Of Watermelon Microcuttings, Jeffrey Adelberg, Y Alper, R E. Young, B B. Rhodes

Publications

Modifications were made in the configurations of the unitizing, nonselective wire cutters used by Alper et al.(1992) for mass cuttings of Stage II Citrullus lanatus cv. Charlee (watermelon) plant tissue cultures to further enhance productivity. Mounting the cutter in an inverted position over the receiving vessel eliminated time required for filling. This cut-and-dump technique became 4.8 times more productive for the total transfer process than the conventional scalpel and forceps technique when both time and yield of cut segments with visible buds were considered. A concept for growing fewer, larger tissue clusters per vessel in mini-trays with orienting cells and …


Approaching Mechanization Of Plant Micropropagation, Jeffrey Adelberg, R E. Young, A Hale, N D. Camper Jan 1991

Approaching Mechanization Of Plant Micropropagation, Jeffrey Adelberg, R E. Young, A Hale, N D. Camper

Publications

Investigations of materials and methods for growing plant tissue in a continual-flow, liquid nutrient medium as an alternative to semisolid agar medium have been made. Enhanced growth of plant tissue on microporous
polypropylene membranes floating on a liquid nutrient has been demonstrated. Moreover, in vitro plantlets on the microporous membrane are free from entanglement with the support matrix and readily available to mechanized
handling. Trained growth of plantlets through polypropylene netting shows potential for mechanization by mass handling (separation, singulation, and transfer) of plant tissue cultures.


Intestate Tenure And Rural Land Uses In Selected Areas Of South Carolina, Gloria Bromell Tinubu Dec 1977

Intestate Tenure And Rural Land Uses In Selected Areas Of South Carolina, Gloria Bromell Tinubu

All Theses

No abstract provided.