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Articles 61 - 90 of 116
Full-Text Articles in Agriculture
Serving As Suppliers To Institutional Foodservices: Supply Chain Considerations Of Small And Medium Scale Specialty Crop Producers, Laura Westray
Serving As Suppliers To Institutional Foodservices: Supply Chain Considerations Of Small And Medium Scale Specialty Crop Producers, Laura Westray
All Theses
Institutional foodservice, which includes schools, hospitals, and long-term care facilities, is an important food marketing channel. The centralized nature of the US food system effectively, and supply, logistic and other constraints, effectively precludes small and medium scale (SMS) specialty crop producers from serving as suppliers to these types of operations. Passage of The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) and increasing public attention to food safety issues, further complicates this matter. While the FSMA Tester-Hagen Amendment provides regulatory exemptions for SME producers, it is likely that in the future food purchases on or behalf of institutions will require more stringent food …
Temporal Aggregation And Treatment Of Zero Dependent Variables In The Estimation Of Food Demand Using Cross-Sectional Data, Kristyn Leffler
Temporal Aggregation And Treatment Of Zero Dependent Variables In The Estimation Of Food Demand Using Cross-Sectional Data, Kristyn Leffler
All Theses
This study analyzes U.S. consumers' demand for eight food commodity groups: Cereal and Bakery goods, Meat and Eggs, Dairy, Fruits and Vegetables, Nonalcoholic Beverages, Fats and Oils, Sugar and Sweets, and Miscellaneous goods. The estimation of the demand system of equations is carried out using the EASI demand model of Lewbel and Pendakur (2009) and five years of data (2002-2006) from the Nielsen Homescan program. Two different levels of temporal aggregation, monthly and the average month within a year, referred to as 'annual' were considered. Using the monthly data, I evaluated the performance of two econometric methods to account for …
Effects Of Cytokinin On Multiplication And Rooting Of Aloe Barbadensis During Micropropagation On Agar And Liquid Medium, Jeffrey Adelberg, Jacqueline Naylor-Adelberg
Effects Of Cytokinin On Multiplication And Rooting Of Aloe Barbadensis During Micropropagation On Agar And Liquid Medium, Jeffrey Adelberg, Jacqueline Naylor-Adelberg
Publications
Aloe barbadensis (syn. Aloe vera) was micropropagated on agar and liquid medium at varied benzyladenine (BA) and meta-topolin (MT) concentrations
(0, 1, 3.2, and 10 μM) for three successive culture cycles and then transferred to a greenhouse for growth. MT induced multiplication at the highest concentration (10 μM) and BA produced the greatest number of plantlets (at 3.2 μM) with optimal multiplication at approximately 6 μM. Liquid medium did not affect multiplication rate when compared with agar, but plants were twice as large from
liquid as compared with those from agar at the time of transfer to the greenhouse. After …
Development Of Novel Organic Nitrogen Nutrient Solutions With Unique Bioreactors For Precision Nutrient Fertigation, Brian Ward
All Dissertations
A fertility study conducted comparing organic nitrogen versus synthetic nitrogen on yield, quality, mineral and phyto-nutrient content of sweet corn under conventional cultural practices.
Evaluating Nature Of Expenditures And Economic Impact Of Tourism Spending On Nature-Based Activities In South Carolina Coastal Economies, Alexis Imler
All Theses
The general goal of this study is to better understand South Carolina coastal tourism. The region of study includes the coastal counties of Horry, Charleston, and Beaufort (and Georgetown, Berkeley, Dorchester, and Jasper counties for the economic impact analysis). This study includes two types of analyses: a regression analysis of visitors' expenditures and an economic impact analysis of tourist spending.
The empirical visitors' expenditure models are specified using economic consumer demand theory. The regression analysis of the model is conducted using data from a tourist survey of 818 South Carolina visitors (conduced in fall 2008 and summer 2009). The activity …
Back To The Basics: What Does The Market Tell Us About Harvest Grain Basis, Matthew Fischer
Back To The Basics: What Does The Market Tell Us About Harvest Grain Basis, Matthew Fischer
All Theses
Grain marketing in the United States is a complex system; therefore producers require information on grain markets to effectively manage risk. Futures markets provide the mechanism for price risk management based on the national supply and demand signals. However price risk is managed on the local level, therefore the relationship between local cash price and futures price, basis, must be understood.
The market forces which explain grain basis are the cost of storage and the transportation cost. The current body of research in grain basis uses the storage component of basis as the driving force. This approach is applicable to …
Evaluating The Impacts Of Production Process And Product Origin On Willingness To Pay For Shrimp, Addison Ellis
Evaluating The Impacts Of Production Process And Product Origin On Willingness To Pay For Shrimp, Addison Ellis
All Theses
The 2002 Farm Bill included a provision requiring various agricultural commodities to comply with country of origin labeling (COOL). Proponents of COOL argued that the policy would support U.S. producers and benefit U.S. consumers. This argument was based on the assumption that U.S. consumers prefer domestic products to imported products and hence the demand for U.S. products would increase following the implementation of COOL. However, analyzing the impact of COOL on shrimp, one of the first commodities covered the program, is complicated by recent trade disputes, concerns over the safety of farm raised products and potential stigma effects associated with …
Evaluation And Adjustment Of Usda Wasde Cotton Forecasts, David Tysinger
Evaluation And Adjustment Of Usda Wasde Cotton Forecasts, David Tysinger
All Theses
The dynamic and volatile nature of agricultural markets causes individuals to rely on forecasts in their decision-making. WASDE cotton forecasts are shown to be especially volatile as cotton is one of the most trade dependent commodities in the world. Therefore, its evaluation requires us to look beyond U.S. WASDE categories and evaluate forecasts for China and the World.
This study will use data from monthly WASDE balance sheets for upland cotton for the U.S, China and World over 1985/1986 through 2008/2009 including unpublished price forecasts. The results of this study will provide information that can be used to improve the …
Willingness To Pay For Locally Grown And Organically Produced Fruits And Vegetables In Dominica, Seraphine George
Willingness To Pay For Locally Grown And Organically Produced Fruits And Vegetables In Dominica, Seraphine George
All Theses
ABSTRACT
With the intent of improving agricultural revenues and solidifying her place as an eco-tourism destination, it has been proposed that the island nation of The Commonwealth of Dominica convert all agricultural activities to organic production. To meet this challenge from the supply perspective, training of farmers in organic production practices has already begun. It remains, however, to quantify the potential demand for organically produced products. With this information in hand, appropriate producer support and marketing programs could be developed that would help to promote the production and consumption of Dominica‟s organic outputs and would propel Dominica toward its desired …
The Effects Of Decoupled Payments On Production Decisions Under Base Acreage And Yield Updating Uncertainty: An Investigation Of Agricultural Chemical Use, Janet Peckham
All Theses
When first introduced, decoupled payments were thought to have minimal impacts on current production decisions and input use. In order to comply with the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture requiring all World Trade Organization (WTO) member countries to reduce trade distorting agricultural policies, in 1996 U.S. agricultural policies began shifting away from coupled payments, based on current prices, production, or output, towards decoupled payments.
However, the literature has identified several mechanisms by which decoupled payments have the potential to distort production in the current period. First, risk averse producers may increase production due to insurance and wealth effects. Second, in …
Simulating And Assessing The Southern Pine Beetle Spot Growth On Management Scenarios Using Gis-Based Model And 3-D Landscape Visualization, Chiao-Ying Chou
Simulating And Assessing The Southern Pine Beetle Spot Growth On Management Scenarios Using Gis-Based Model And 3-D Landscape Visualization, Chiao-Ying Chou
All Dissertations
Models for simulating southern pine beetle (SPB), Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm., population dynamics and infestation risk are quite well developed. However, most of them are not spatially explicit models. In this study, a GIS-based model, SPBSPOT, is developed for simulating SPB spot growth using ArcGIS software with ArcObject and Visual Basic for Application. SPBSPOT is built by five subroutines. Individual interfaces are developed for each of them to allow users the flexibility to specify stand situations and design management scenarios based on their individual needs. Although integrated pest management systems are currently adopted, SPB management is still challenging because of diverse …
A Discounted Cash Flow Method Of Valuation For Single Trees And Urban Forests, Kristin Heffelfinger
A Discounted Cash Flow Method Of Valuation For Single Trees And Urban Forests, Kristin Heffelfinger
All Theses
Urban foresters need a consistent method for valuing single trees with specific non-timber values. There are several accepted methods to accomplish this; comparison of results across the methods ensures consistency. Discounted cash flow analysis (DCF) is one of these methods, but many appraisers or others valuing urban tree are reluctant to use it because it requires complex calculations and assumptions. However, DCF has the advantage of accounting for the time value of money and certain intangible benefits presented by urban trees. Current models are adapted to specific locations and species; a general method for urban tree valuation has not been …
Sucrose, Water And Nutrient Use During State Ii Multiplication Of Two Turmeric Clones (Curcuma Longa L.) In Liquid Medium, Jeffrey Adelberg
Sucrose, Water And Nutrient Use During State Ii Multiplication Of Two Turmeric Clones (Curcuma Longa L.) In Liquid Medium, Jeffrey Adelberg
Publications
Two clones of turmeric (Cucruma longa L.) were assessed nine times during a 28-day culture period in double phosphate MS liquid medium containing 2%, 4% and 6% sucrose. The phase of rapid shoot bud multiplication lasted for 21 days or less, in both clones in all media. The maximum multiplication rate was 3.4× at 20 and 19 days, with 3.9% or 4.7% initial sucrose concentration being optimal for the clones 9-3 and 35-1, respectively. Dry mass increased over the entire culture period and was greatest with 4.8% or at least 6% initial sucrose concentration for the two clones, 9-3 …
Effects Of Vegetation Structure On Fire Behavior And Wiregrass Seedling Establishment In Xeric Sandhills, Evelyn Wenk
Effects Of Vegetation Structure On Fire Behavior And Wiregrass Seedling Establishment In Xeric Sandhills, Evelyn Wenk
All Theses
The xeric sandhills on Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Refuge have a monospecific overstory of longleaf pine and an understory dominated by turkey oak and wiregrass. The understory vegetation is spatially heterogeneous within stands, with small patches dominated by either turkey oak or wiregrass, or lacking understory vegetation. I described the fuel complexes created by the variable vegetation structure, in terms of their chemical and physical properties, and used prescribed fire to test for differences in fire behavior among the vegetation types. In addition, I compared the effects of the vegetation structure and below-ground competition on the establishment of wiregrass.
Turkey …
Relationships Between Impervious Surfaces And Surface Water Quality In Hunnicutt Creek Watershed, Clemson, South Carolina, Swaros Dumrichob
Relationships Between Impervious Surfaces And Surface Water Quality In Hunnicutt Creek Watershed, Clemson, South Carolina, Swaros Dumrichob
All Theses
Hunnicutt Creek watershed drains to the eastern edge of Clemson University campus. The landscape of this part of campus changes from a natural park like botanical garden to one dominated by academic buildings. The campus area has changed in time as well with increasing impervious areas such as roads, parking lots, roof tops and decreasing the amount of forested land leaded to the impairment of water quality in this creek. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationships between water quality indicators and percent imperviousness at a watershed level. Eight sampling sites were assigned at each sub-watershed within …
Management Strategies To Improve Development Of Replacement Heifers Utilizing Tall Fescue-Based Systems, Margaret Miller
Management Strategies To Improve Development Of Replacement Heifers Utilizing Tall Fescue-Based Systems, Margaret Miller
All Theses
Research was conducted to determine the effect of tall fescue and alternative management regimens on reproduction in replacement beef heifers. Angus _ Simmental heifers (n = 48; 318 ± 4.99 kg initial BW) stratified by weight and pubertal status were assigned to one of three replicated grazing treatments: (1) toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue (TF); (2) toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue with a soybean oil supplement (TFO); or (3) mixed winter annual species (cereal rye, annual ryegrass, crimson clover and hybrid turnip) (M). Tall fescue endophyte infection level was between 74 and 94%. Pastures were grazed from December 12 to April 24. …
Population Reconstruction Model To Analyze Harvest And Banding Data For Mourning Doves In South Carolina, Christopher Chumbley
Population Reconstruction Model To Analyze Harvest And Banding Data For Mourning Doves In South Carolina, Christopher Chumbley
All Theses
Mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) call count indices for South Carolina indicate a negative trend over the past 42 years (1.2% decline per year, p < 0.05). Total harvest estimates in the state increased from 2003-2007. Banding data from doves banded in South Carolina and data from annual examinations of harvested mourning dove wings during 2003-2007 were collected and analyzed. Data sets used contained 6,600 banded doves and 21,240 harvested dove wings. Survival estimates from band recovery analyses for adult and juvenile doves were 0.44 (± 0.04 SE) and 0.35 (± 0.06 SE), respectively. Survival rates were constant from year to year while recovery rates differed annually for adults and juveniles. The average natural mortality estimates for adults and juveniles in the presence of hunting were 0.45 ± 0.122 and 0.47 ± 0.189, respectively, during the study period. The average harvest and kill rates for adults and juveniles were also estimated. Age-at-harvest ratios adapted from annual wing examinations during the harvest were used with recovery rates to derive estimates of annual productivity in the population. Linear regression analysis of productivity estimates found a significant decline in productivity during 2003-2007 (-0.21, p < 0.10). The average productivity estimate was 1.43 (± 0.33 SE) juveniles per adult and the estimated productivity required to maintain a stable population was 1.60 (± 0.30 SE). The effects of constant survival rates, varying hunting mortality estimates and declining productivity estimates were discussed in relation to breeding populations in rural areas of South Carolina.
Development Of Basic Meat Science Curriculum Standards For Secondary Agricultural Education: Delphi Model, John Duke
All Dissertations
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to develop basic meat science topics and standards for secondary agricultural education. A Delphi panel was used to develop the instrument. The Delphi panel was composed of four members from academia and industry and four
from the top ten national meat FFA Career Development Events coaches from 2000 to 2005. Two Delphi rounds were used to develop the survey instrument. The modified Delphi started with an outline of basic meat science topics developed by an expert panel
from 16 university basic meat science syllabi. The Delphi panel added or deleted topics, topics were …
An Assessment Of Cognitive Level Of Instruction Presented In Animal Science Courses And The Impact On Development Of Cognition In Undergraduates, Laura White
All Dissertations
To be successful in life, students will need to learn to make good decisions; many of them. Quality decision making is paramount for student success in future employment and their personal lives. To make a quality decision, one must weigh all possible options and understand as many of the implications of that decision as possible. Relating options and outcomes to previous experience is advantageous. The qualities mentioned above are reliant on critical thought processes. It is imperative that graduates seeking employment possess a balanced combination of base knowledge and independent thought combined with critical thinking ability. In order to produce …
Three Dimensional Visualization Of Fire Spreading Over Forest Landscapes, Brian Williams
Three Dimensional Visualization Of Fire Spreading Over Forest Landscapes, Brian Williams
All Theses
Previous studies in fire visualization have required high end computer hardware and specialized technical skills. This study demonstrated fire visualization is possible using Visual Nature Studio and standard computer hardware. Elevation and vegetation data were used to create a representation of the New Jersey pine barren environment and a forest compartment within Hobcaw Barony. Photographic images were edited to use as image object models for forest vegetation. The FARSITE fire behavioral model was used to model a fire typical of that area. Output from FARSITE was used to visualize the fire with tree models edited to simulate burning and flame …
Biodiversity Of Supplemental Wildlife Plantings And Thinned And Burned Pine Habitats In South Carolina, Marguerite Porter
Biodiversity Of Supplemental Wildlife Plantings And Thinned And Burned Pine Habitats In South Carolina, Marguerite Porter
All Theses
Biodiversity conservation is currently an important focus for forest and wildlife management. The overall objective of this study was to compare the diversity of invertebrates and vegetation in white-tailed deer food plots and natural forage areas for white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) as indicators of biodiversity. Invertebrates were chosen as the bio-indicator due to their magnitude of contribution to the biodiversity in an ecosystem (Anderson, et al., 2004), ease of capture, and sensitivity to changes in vegetative structure and quality (Hartley, et al., 2007). This study utilized five thinned and burned forested pine sites, five perennial cool-season food plots, and five …
Laboratory Studies Of Responses Of Anuran Amphibians To Roundup Exposures: Reference Toxicant And Components, Lindsay Moore
Laboratory Studies Of Responses Of Anuran Amphibians To Roundup Exposures: Reference Toxicant And Components, Lindsay Moore
All Theses
Roundup¨ has been implicated as a possible cause for the declining amphibian populations in North America. Carefully designed laboratory toxicity tests are crucial for accurate risk assessment of the responses of anuran populations to incidental exposures of Roundup¨ herbicides. The overall objective of these studies was to determine the response of North American anuran species to exposures of Roundup¨ formulations and components to support or refute the claim that Roundup¨ is a factor in amphibian decline in North America. Aqueous 96 hour static non-renewal laboratory tests were utilized to (1) evaluate the effectiveness of copper sulfate as a reference toxicant …
Wild Pig Habitat Use, Substrate Disturbance, And Understory Vegetation At Congaree National Park, Scott Zengel
Wild Pig Habitat Use, Substrate Disturbance, And Understory Vegetation At Congaree National Park, Scott Zengel
All Dissertations
Substrate disturbance by wild pigs ( Sus scrofa L.), mainly wild pig rooting, was evaluated bi&ndashmonthly over three years in fixed 1,000 m2 plots at Congaree National Park, South Carolina, USA. The study compared hog substrate disturbance among four habitats: three mature wetland floodplain forest types (mixed bottomland hardwoods, cypress&ndashtupelo swamp, seepage floodplain forest), and successional upland pine flatwoods adjacent to the floodplain (including former pine plantation). New disturbance included fresh signs of hog substrate disturbance. Total disturbance included both new and older hog disturbance still visible on the landscape (equivalent to all disturbance that would be recorded under less …
Fuel Dynamics Across Southern Appalachian Landscapes, Horace Gambrell
Fuel Dynamics Across Southern Appalachian Landscapes, Horace Gambrell
All Theses
Although there have been several individual studies measuring hardwood fuels, across the central Hardwood Region and southern Appalachian Mountains, little is known of how hardwood fuels are distributed across the landscape. Understanding this distribution is essential for fire management planning. Previous studies suggest that the decay rate of litter and fine woody fuel is greater on mesic sites as compared to dryer sites. In the southern Appalachian Mountains, northeast facing slopes and protected bottoms are generally the more mesic sites, while southwest facing slopes and exposed ridge tops receive sunlight for longer periods and should be more xeric.
The objectives …
Laboratory Study Of Responses Of Anuran Amphibians To Roundup¨ Exposures: Experimental Design And Role Of Sediment, Latice Fuentes
Laboratory Study Of Responses Of Anuran Amphibians To Roundup¨ Exposures: Experimental Design And Role Of Sediment, Latice Fuentes
All Theses
The contribution of incidental exposures of Roundup¨ herbicide to amphibian declines can be evaluated with carefully designed laboratory tests. Sensitive, sentinel species of larval anurans were exposed to two formulations: the original formulation of Roundup¨ and Roundup WeatherMax¨ in 96-hour acute, aqueous and water-sediment tests. An experimental design was developed that considered and held constant relevant laboratory conditions which produced precise, replicable data. Experimental design factors decreased variability and increased precision by considering and incorporating the following: 1) range-finding tests; 2) reference toxicity tests; 3) the relative sensitivity of the species tested; 4) differences in formulation; 5) the number of …
Topographic Analysis And Predictive Modeling Using Geographic Information Systems, Steven Hall
Topographic Analysis And Predictive Modeling Using Geographic Information Systems, Steven Hall
All Dissertations
This dissertation describes three GIS models developed to better model topographic features and the occurrence of mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia) in the southern Appalachian Mountains. The first study presented 'A LiDAR based GIS model to calculate Terrain Shape Index on a landscape scale', attempts to develop a GIS based model to calculate the Terrain Shape Index (TSI). TSI is typically collected in the field using a series of elevation measurements to determine the average elevation change within the study plot. In this study, a GIS model is developed and TSI values compared to those collected using conventional methods. The second …
Influence Of Selected Economic, Demographic And Political Characteristics On Growth In Africa, Richard Ogwal-Omara
Influence Of Selected Economic, Demographic And Political Characteristics On Growth In Africa, Richard Ogwal-Omara
All Theses
ABSTRACT Despite their common sources of development funds, African countries have had varying rates of growth. This study assesses the influence of selected social and economic variables on economic growth in Africa using data from 45 African countries for the year 2005. Regression results show that literacy rate, property rights, net budget surplus and inflation rate significantly influenced on growth in Africa. Judicial independence, number of days to start business and reliability of financial institutions did not show significant influence on growth in Africa. To promote growth, African governments need to redesign their education systems in order to be able …
Financial Impact Analysis Of Ipm With Conventional Sampling And Ipm With Binomial Sequential Sampling Method To Traditionally Operated Farms For Collards, 2007, Myra Clarisse Ferrer
Financial Impact Analysis Of Ipm With Conventional Sampling And Ipm With Binomial Sequential Sampling Method To Traditionally Operated Farms For Collards, 2007, Myra Clarisse Ferrer
All Theses
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has been very successful in directing farming to a more environment-friendly production. However, the extent of its economic impact is an equally-important question. This study looks at the amounts of savings and potential market profitability of using IPM in South Carolina collard production considering alternative scouting methods. Conventional sampling (CS) and binomial sequential scouting method (SSM), a recently developed scouting system for traditionally operated collard farms are compared. SSM is geared towards a more economical execution of scouting without forfeiting the effectiveness of the process. Financial analysis specifically costs and returns methods and sensitivity analysis on …
Using Low Density, Small Footprint Lidar In Forest Inventory Applications In The Southeastern U.S., Ben Graham
Using Low Density, Small Footprint Lidar In Forest Inventory Applications In The Southeastern U.S., Ben Graham
All Theses
Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) is becoming a widely used tool in forestry and natural resource fields. The availability of free and low cost datasets gives LIDAR the ability to save time and money over traditional forest inventory practices. In this study, the effectiveness of low density, small footprint LIDAR compared to forest field inventory measurements from the Clemson Experimental Forest was determined. LIDAR based estimates were analyzed to determine if LIDAR is a viable tool for estimating particular forest inventory features in the Southeastern U.S. and whether a transition could be made to a more GIS based analysis. Standard …
Secondary Metabolism Inducing Treatments During In Vitro Development Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Rhizomes, Matthew M. Cousins, Jeffrey W. Adelberg, Feng Chen, James Rieck
Secondary Metabolism Inducing Treatments During In Vitro Development Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Rhizomes, Matthew M. Cousins, Jeffrey W. Adelberg, Feng Chen, James Rieck
Publications
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) plants that were grown in vitro for 17 or 22 weeks as a fed-batch culture in 2.5 L vessels yielded 39 to 43 g and 62 to 70 g of fresh rhizomes per vessel, respectively (95 % confidence interval). The MS liquid medium was maintained at 6 % sucrose through media addition twice during the experiment. Various methods were employed in attempts to increase secondary metabolism. Antioxidant and total phenolics assays were employed to characterize phytochemical activity. A first experiment exposed four clones to phenylalanine and/or methyl jasmonate (MeJa) from week 12 to 17 in …