Agriculture Commons^™

Brown· Midrib Sorghum Silage For Midlactation Dairy Cows, R. J. Grant, S. G. Haddad, K. J. Moore, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Brown midrib sorghum silage was compared with alfalfa, corn, and normal sorghum silages for its effect on performance, ruminal metabolism, and digestive kinetics of Holstein dairy cows in midlactation. Twelve cows averaging 90 ± 5 DIM were assigned to one of four diets in replicated 4 X 4 Latin squares with 4-wk periods. Additionally, 3 ruminally fistulated cows (95 ± 20 DIM) were assigned to the same diets in a 3x 4 Youden square for measurement of ruminal characteristics. Diets were fed as isonitrogenous TMR that contained 65% silage (OM basis). The DMl was greater for the corn and brown …

Procedures For The Administration And Assessment Of Clearing And Protection Of Native Vegetation In Western Australia, Alexander Mcrae Holm

Soil conservation survey collection

It is Department of Agriculture policy that regulation is only used when all other approaches to address land degradation have failed. Our thrust is to encourage land holders to move towards using land within its capabilities as they continue to adopt sustainable farming systems. Underlying this approach is a self regulatory philosophy with land conservation district committees playing an important management and coordination role. Nevertheless the community expects that land degradation will be controlled and legislation is available to underpin or complement the good intentions of most land holders. The Soil and Land Conservation Act is the legislation used to …

Proceedings Of The Blackwood Catchment Remnant Vegetation Management Workshop, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Agriculture reports

The Remnant Vegetation workshop is the third in a series designed to help the Blackwood Catchment Coordinating Group develop its policies for the Blackwood River System. The next step is the development of draft policies and Codes of practice for Remnant Vegetaiton Management in the Blackwood River Catchment. Be assured that any policy adopted by the Blackwood Catchment Co-ordinating Group will have been developed with maximum community participation.

Purification Of The Major Soybean Leaf Acid Phosphatase That 1s Increased By Seed-Pod Removal, Paul E. Staswick, Chuck Papa, Jing-Feng Huang, Yoon Rhee

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Fruit removal for 5 weeks after flowering increased acid phosphatase activity 10-fold in soybean (Glycine max 1. Merr. vai Hobbit) leaves compared with normal seed-pod-bearing plants. The major acid phosphatase activity in leaves was purified over 2700-fold, yielding a single polypeptide of 51 kD with a specific activity of 1353 units/mg protein using p-nitrophenylphosphate as the substrate. lsoelectric focusing demonstrated that the purified protein co-migrated with a majority of the activity that increased in leaves following seed-pod removal. lmmunoblot analysis demonstrated that at least part of the increased activity was dueto an increased abundance of the phosphatase protein. In situ …

Models To Predict Yield Loss Due To Weeds In Rice Ecosystems, John L. Lindquist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Yield loss models have been developed and evaluated for irrigated rice ecosystems with respect to effects of Echinochloa crusgalli. Simple regression models that give the relation between yield loss and weed density or relative leaf area are discussed with respect to their practical value in weed management in rice. More complex eco-physiological process models have been developed and used for rice ecosystems as well. Such models can be useful as a tool in research, whereas more simple approaches are needed for practical application in weed management.

Cdna Sequence For The Ribulose 1,5 Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase Complex Protein A Protein That Accumulates In Soybean Leaves In Response To Fruit Removal, Paul E. Staswick, Steven J. Crafts-Brandner

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean (Glycine max L.) transiently accumulates two abundant vegetative storage proteins, VSP A and VSP B, in vacuoles of above-ground vegetative tissues (Wittenbach, 1983; Staswick, 1990). As older leaves and stems become a source of exported metabolites for developing sinks, the VSPs are preferentially degraded and the resulting metabolites are presumably mobilized in the xylem and phloem stream. A striking feature of these proteins is that VSP gene expression is dramatically increased in mature leaves following the remova1 of reproductive sinks (seed pods) and the amount of these proteins increases accordingly (for review, see Staswick, 1994). Other changes …

Miscellaneous Publication 42/93 - Development And Dissemination Of Design Methods For Rangeland Paddocks Which Maximise Animal Production And Minimise Land Degradation, Shane Cridland, Mark Stafford Smith

Animal production and livestock published reports

Surveys of rangeland resources in Western Australia to date have shown that 23% of the area surveyed is in poor range condition. Poor condition is characterised by the loss of perennial vegetation allowing wind and water erosion. Approximately another 37% is in only fair range condition (Curry and Hacker 1990).

The loss of range condition is partly due to uneven use of paddocks by sheep and cattle. The areas close to water and the preferred pasture types are often over-utilised, while areas well away from water and less preferred pasture types are under-utilised. The result is that rangeland in good, …

The Mobrup Catchment Working Plan - A Resource Inventory And Strategies, Steven Garrad

Soil conservation survey collection

The Mobrup LCDC has persevered for three years with its efforts to produce a catchment plan. They readily acknowledge that their work is just beginning as they now wrestle with this working plan to form something which will have application on each individual's enterprise to ensure a sustainable future for this catchment.This report is a collation of their ideas, an inventory of works done in the catchment and the best advice which research and local knowledge can provide.

North Stirling Land Conservation District - Soils Manual, Justin Hardy, Peter J. Tille

Soil conservation survey collection

The North Stirling Land Conservation District is located between Katanning and Albany on the northern edge of the Stirling Ranges in south-western Western Australia.It includes parts of the Shires of Cranbrook and Tambellup, covering approximately 100,000ha of the catchment of the North Stirling basin. The basin is a flat area formed on Eocene sediments with poorly defined drainage lines and many salt lakes. It is surrounded by low granite and sandstone hills. The climate is Mediterranean, with cool wet winters and hot dry summers. Average annual rainfall ranges from 375-500 mm per annum. There is very little surface or underground …

Molecular Approaches For Control Of Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus, H. B. Scholthof, M. Borja, Thomas Jack Morris, A. O. Jackson

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

I N this overview strategies are discussed that are currently being tested in our laboratory in an effort to engineer resistance against tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) in plants. TBSV is chosen as a model-system since this is an economically important RNA virus that is well characterized at the molecular level and the virus has some interesting and potentially useful features that can be exploited to produce resistant plants. Moreover, we anticipate that the information derived from our studies with TBSV will be applicable in developing resistance to other plant viruses. Some approaches that we are attempting to apply to …

Genetic Manipulation Of Tall Fescue, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, D. A. Sleper

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Genetic manipulation of tall fescue (Festuca arnndinacea Schreb.) has not been altered by the discovery of the Acremonium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and Gams) / grass interaction. However, tall fescue breeding programs have been affected greatly. The basic methods for genetically manipulating the grass have remained static. Tall fescue is an obligate out-crossing species, and most improvements are, therefore, captured in the form of an improved population developed through some form of mass or recurrent selection. What has changed is the breeder's ability to recognize genetic differences in the grass because of the confounding effect of A. coenophialum on plant phenotype. It …

Comparison Of Sorghum And Indiangrass Chloroplast Genomes Using Rflps, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, R. D. Lee, D. J. Lee, K. P. Vogel

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash) appear closely related based on morphological and chemotaxonomic characters. Each species could potentially provide desirable traits to the other. However, traditional breeding techniques have been unsuccessful in hybridizing these two species. The objective of this study was to determine the relatedness of sorghum and indiangrass chloroplast DNA using RFLPs. Eleven sorghum lines in several cytoplasms, two indiangrass popu1ations, and a corn line were studied using 60 proberestriction enzyme combinations. Principal component analysis of the results showed sorghum to be as closely related to corn as to indiangrass, with no …

Developmental Morphology Of Tropical Sorghum And Sorghum X Sudangrass, R. B. Mitchell, K. J. Moore, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, T. A. Peterson, L. E. Moser, D. D. Redfearn

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Tropical sorghum and sorghum x sudangrass are known to be efficient scavengers of soil nitrogen and are important forage crops in the U.S. Nitrate contamination of groundwater due to disposal of organic wastes and excessive fertilization is a major concern in the Central Great Plains. A common disposal method of municipal wastes is application to fallow cropland. Quantification of the developmental morphology of tropical sorghum and sorghum x sudangrass is important to developing management strategies that allow multiple applications of organic wastes to optimize nitrogen removal and dry matter production. The objective of this study was to quantify the developmental …

Breeding Systems For Cross-Pollinated Perennial Grasses, K. P. Vogel, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

I. Introduction

II. Reproductive and Breeding Characteristics

III. Breeding Systems

A. Ecotype Selection

B. Recurrent, RestricteclPhenotypic Selection

C. Half-sib Progeny Test

D. Between and Within Family Selection

E. Recurrent Multistep Family Selection

IV. Gains From Selection

A. Time Interval per Cycle

B. Potential Gain per Cycle .

C. Potential Inbreeding per Cycle

V. Polycrossing

VI. Hybrid Cultivars

VII. Conclusions

Literature Cited

Remnant Vegetation Protection Scheme 1991 Blocks, J E D Fox, P Read, J - Pg Orsini

All other publications

No abstract provided.

Distribution And Ecological Significance Of On-Farm Bushland Remnants In The Southern Wheatbelt Region Of Western Australia, F Mollemans, G Beeston

Soil conservation survey collection

The Southern Wheatbelt Region Remnant Vegetation Survey was funded by the Save the Bush program, and aimed at surveying pieces of on-farm remnant vegetation in the "Great Southern" of Western Australia. At the outset a total of 13 shires were selected for survey, namely: Broomehill, Corrigin, Dumbleyung, Katanning, Kent, Kondinin, Kulin, Lake Grace, Narrogin, Tambellup, Wagin, Wickepin, Woodanilling. However, time constraints (available funding indicated a time frame of 40 weeks for the project to be completed) meant that subsequently Kent and Lake Grace shires (two of the largest) had to be dropped from the survey to allow for proper completion …

Forage Variety Performance Test 1990-1991, Herbert Honeycutt

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

This report summarizes the results of forage variety tests that were conducted at the Main Agricultural Experiment Station at Fayetteville, Arkansas; the Strawberry Substation near Bald Knob, Arkansas; and the Livestock and Forestry Branch Station near Batesville, Arkansas.

Plan For Neridup Creek Catchment Neridup Soil Conservation Group, Martyn G. Keen

Soil conservation survey collection

This report was initiated at the request of the Neridup Soil Conservation Group as an aid to overcoming the degradation problems of the catchment known as the Neridup Creek Catchment.Work was commenced on collecting data about the catchment in May 1990 and has continued on a part-time basis as workload has permitted. This report outlines the physical details of the catchment, predicts runoff peak flows and contains recommendations as a framework for stable land use within the catchment.Attached to this report are: a set of maps of physical details, a set of plans related to individual degradation problems requiring solutions …

'Living Soil' Seminar, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Agriculture reports

Provides an opportunity for farmers and those involved in the agricultural service industry, to focus on what happens in the soil. Seminar reflects the interest detected amongst farmers in knowing more about the things that influence plant growth and a genuine concern about the environment.

Navail Spreadsheet, S J. Burgess

Agriculture reports

A computer program called NPDECIDE has been developed by the Western Australian Department of Agriculture to assist with decisions relating to the use of phosphorus fertiliser on cereal crops. NPDECIDE functions by estimating the response of the crop to combinations of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilisers, and by indicating the likely profit from the use of these materials. In order to carry out this task, NPDECIDE must be able to calculate the availability to the growing plants of nitrogen from the fertilisers and from organic material in the soil.

Jasmonate, Genes, And Fragrant Signals, Paul E. Staswick

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Although first recognized for its growth-inhibiting activity about 20 years ago, JA² and its fragrant methyl ester MeJA (referred to here collectively as jasmonate) are receiving renewed interest as potentially important signaling molecules in plants. This is because jasmonate markedly increases the expression of specific plant genes, some of which are wound responsive. Similarities with fatty acid-derived stress signaling molecules in animals (1) make jasmonate of general biological interest.

A Review Of Plant Introductions To The Kimberley 1955 To 1987, R Mccartney

Grain and other field crops published reports

This report summarizes the work done by the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, in the west and north Kimberley in introducing plant species during 1955-1987.

For the purposes of this repor1the following areas are defined thus:

• West Kimberley- lies between latitude 17°5 and 19°5 and longitude 121°E and 127°E, with an extension to the north of 1° between 121°E and I 24°20'E. The area is 118,000 km".

• North Kimberley - lies north of latitude 17°5 and between longitude 124°20'E and 127°30'E. The area is 85,000 km'.

• East Kimberley-lies north of latitude 19°5 and between longitude 127°30'E and …

Pasture Condition Guides For The Murchison River Catchment, A Fox, T R. Eckersley

Soil conservation survey collection

Knowledge of the pasture resource and its capabilities is essential to sustainable use of the rangelands. Rangeland managers must be able to recognise firstly the different pasture types, and secondly, the differences between present condition classes for each type. Both factors affect the stock carrying capacity, and appropriate pastoral management of a pasture. This guide has been produced for use by pastoralists to assist them to recognise and assess the condition of the perennial pasture resource of their own properties. The guide describes the condition states found in 10 of the most widespread pastures of the Murchison River catchment (Fig. …

Inheritance Of Acid-Soil Tolerance In Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor) Grown On An Ultisol, C. I. Flores, L. M. Gourley, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, R. B. Clark

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Inheritance of acid-soil tolerance (generally considered AI-toxicity tolerance) i.n sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is not clear. Forty F₁ sorghum hybrids and their 14 parents were grown two seasons in the field at relatively high (67 and 71%) and low (43 and 42%) Al saturations on an acid Ultisol in Colombia, South America to evaluate the effects of acid soil on agronomic component traits and to better understand inheritance of acid-soil tolerance of sorghum. For plants grown at the high Al saturation levels, hybrids from acid-soil tolerant [AS-T] x acid soil-sensitive [AS-S] crosses were as tolerant as hybrids from …

Nitrogen And Methyl Jasmonate Induction Of Soybean Vegetative Storage Protein Genes, Paul E. Staswick, Jing-Feng Huang, Yoon Rhee

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Vegetative storage protein (VSP) and VSP mRNA levels in soybean (Glycine max) leaves correlated with the amount of NH₄NO₃ provided to nonnodulated plants. The mRNA level declined as leaves matured, but high levels of N delayed the decline. This is consistent with the proposed role for VSP in the temporary storage of N. Wounding, petiole girdling, and treatment with methyijasmonate (MeJA) increased VSP mRNA in leaves 24 hours after treatment. The magnitude of the response depended on leaf age and N availability. N deficiency essentially eliminated the response to wounding and petiole girdling. MeJA was …

Notes: Interpretive Analysis For Forage Yield Trial Data, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, K. J. Moore, Edzard Van Santen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Forage cultivar evaluation is often done in small plots with multiple harvests throughout the growing season. Data is often summarized by presenting a yearly total yield for each cultivar in addition to the mean for each harvest date. Data summarization often becomes burdensome and difficult to interpret. Regressing yield against a growth index associated with harvest dates can be utilized to describe forage performance in a concise and easily interpreted format. Subsets of data from tall fescue (Festuca amndinacea Schreb.) yield trials conducted in Alabama and Kentucky were used to demonstrate the technique. The analysis involves regressing yield of a …

Fertility And Forage Yield Of Sorghum X Sudangrass Hybrids In A1 And A3 Cytoplasm, J. J. Toy, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, K. J. Moore

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Most sorghum x sudangrass hybrids are currently produced in Al male-sterile cytoplasm. Availability of alternative cytoplasmic sterility systems allows production of sorghum x sudangrass hybrids that may have superior forage characteristics. A study was conducted to compare the agronomic performance of Al and A3 sorghum x sudangrass hybrids. A bulk of eight sudangrass populations was used to pollinate four grain sorghum inbreds normally used as females that had been sterilized in both Al and A3 cytoplasm, and two inbreds normally used as males that had been sterilized in A3 cytoplasm. The hybrids were evaluated in 1990. Results indicate that male-sterile …

Reconnaissance Investigation Of Fitzgerald Location 1646 And New Land Adjacent Fitzgerald Location 1998 Mt. Ridley, Tim D. Overheu

All other publications

No abstract provided.

Fescues With Large Roots Are Drought Tolerant, H. A. Torbert, J. H. Edwards, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Consideration of root/soil interactions is essential in, adapting tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) to soil and climatic conditions of the Coastal Plain region of the southeast. Sandy soils of the region are very susceptible to the formation of hardpans. These compacted layers often restrict plant root development to the plow layer (0 to 6 in.) and prevent plant roots from reaching available moisture and nutrients in the subsoil horizons. Plants grown under these conditions are shallow rooted and will be subjected to water stress up to 50% of the time during the growing season. Although implements are available to penetrate …

Evaluation Of Seeding Rates Of Au Triumph And Endophyte-Infected Kentucky 31 Tall Fescue, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, D. M. Ball

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Increased difficulty in stand establishment of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) has been reported by producers since the introduction of endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan Jones and Gams)-free tall fescue seed into the market place. This has encouraged the use of higher seeding rates for endophyte-free tall fescue without scientific basis. The objective of this study was to determine whether ‘AU Triumph’, and endophyte-free cultivar, and endophyte-infected ‘Kentucky 31’ differ in minimum seeding rates for successful establishment. Experiments were established at two locations in each of two years, using a randomized complete block with four replications. Soils at the two locations …