Life Sciences Commons^™

Characteristics Of Manila And Related Soil Series, Flayeh H. Altaie

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In many parts of the world soils have been found that have apparently been formed under climatic conditions that no longer exist. In many places in northern Utah in areas associated with ancient Lake Bonneville, deep soils, fine-textured and non-calcareous, have been observed immediately above the highest shore line of the ancient lake. These soils have essentially no free carbonates to depths ranging from 4 to 15 feet, even though they exist on relatively steep slopes. In Davis and Utah Counties, soils having these characteristics have been given the tentative series name, Manila.

Soils studied for this thesis include one …

The Effect Of Soil Moisture And Fertilizers On Seed Germination, Stephen Dubetz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Failure of viable seeds to germinate results in poor stands and often in lower yields. Some of the more important factors that affect germination of seed are temperature, moisture, aeration, and alkalinity.

Planting of speciality crops under irrigation in southern Alberta, Canada, usually is done when temperature is favourable to germination. However, soil moisture, especially in the seed zone, may not always be adequate - a situation brought about, in part, by the strong winds that prevail in this area. Results at the Experimental Farm, Lethbridge, Alberta, show that irrigated crops respond to phosphorus and nitrogen. During the past six …

Cost Of Marketing Utah Lambs At Alternative Markets, Norman E. Wright

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Importance of lamb marketings

The production and marketing of lambs is important in Utah's economy. In 1956, Utah ranked fifth in the United States in lambs produced and saved, with 1,038,000 head produced and 840,000 marketed for consumption, table 1. Cash receipts from the lamb marketings during the year amounted to over 10 million dollars, and in addition, the state's economy benefited through revenues, employment, and raw materials which were provided by the lamb industry.

Marketing decisions

Lamb producers and handlers are faced with many decisions in marketing their lambs. They not only must decide when and where to sell, …

A Critical Appraisal Of Methods Of Sucrose Analysis In Sugar Beets, Homer M. Lebaron

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Although the parent of the present sugar beet was probably known and used before the building of the pyramid of Cheops (22), it was as recent as 210 years ago that Marggraf obtained the first crystalized sucrose from the root. It was 40 years later before Achard claimed its potentialities as an efficient industry. The product rapidly passed from the status of a luxury to a vital necessity, until today sugar beet production receives some protection or preference in every country where sugar beets are grown.

Absorption Of C14 Labeled Sucrose By Nectaries, Cecil Wright Lefevre

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Since the early Eighteenth Century the significance of nectar secretion has been debated. Some have reasoned that it is reabsorbed into the plant and used as energy for the developing embryo while others believe it is a waste product which attracts pollinating insects.

It has been suggested (Brink and Cooper, 1947) that the nutrient supply to developing ovules is a major factor in the development of seed. Also, alfalfa fields pollinated by pollen-collecting bees produce greater seed yields than those pollinated by nectar collectors (Bohart, Nye, and Levin, 1955). It is a well-known fact that more flowers are tripped by …

The Phytoplankton Of The Logan River, Utah, A Mountain Stream, William J. Clark

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The voluminous limnological literature contains few studies of mountain streams. Though there are a few papers on the benthic algae (see Budde 1928, Raabe 1951) only Pennak (1943) reports year-round quantitative data on the phytoplankton. Brinley (1950) gives some phytoplankton information in a summer study of streams in Rocky Mountain National Park.

Quality Evaluation Of Deep-Fat Fried Peas, Wattana Sathiraswasti

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Dehydration is perhaps the oldest method of preserving fruits and vegetables. However, it is still an important method of preservation. During World War II, efforts were geared to investigate the possibilities of such newer dehydrated foods as powdered eggs, tomatoes, and potato granules. Since then many new products are flooding the market every year. The use of dehydrated products has increased primarily because they usually require less space and have longer shelf life, and at the same time they have much more concentrated nutritive value than fresh, canned, or frozen foods. Hence, they can easily be adopted for military rations. …

A Study Of Cheese Spreads And Dips, Grant M. Steed

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Each year in the State of Utah, thousands of pounds of a number of varieties of bulk and packaged cheese are returned to the manufacturing plants from the stores and other distribution points. The main reasons are: broken wrapper or rind, crushed or otherwise mutilated package, and mold development.

At the present time much of this cheese is shipped out of the state for processing. The remainder is sold at drastically reduced prices. If this unmarketable returned cheese were changed in form with good consumer acceptance the industry would experience a real savings.

The Development Of A Dietary Manual For The Small Hospital, Blanche Z. Madsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An increased amount of emphasis is constantly being placed on the standardization of diets where group feeding is involved. Especially is this true in the hospital where food is an essential part of the medical treatment of the patient. The directing personnel responsible for the diets for any hospital situation where a dietitian is employed, are the doctors who prescribe the diet orders and the dietitian who interprets them.

The Effects Of Various Nitrogen And Moisture Levels On The Production Of Silage Corn, Grain Corn, And Sweet Corn, Donald M. May

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Many experiments have been conducted measuring the effects of nitrogen rates, moisture, or time of application but few combined all three in one experiment. The object of this investigation is to study the effects and interactions of nitrogen fertilizer, moisture, and time of application on silage corn, grain corn, and sweet com. The effects of these factors should be shown by changes in yield and quality of the crop.

Morphological, Chemical, Histological, And Sensory Quality Changes In Gamma Irradiated Carrots And Potatoes, Keith Andrew Madsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Through the ages, people have been confronted with the problem of storing food after the harvest season for consumption during the winter months. Foods have been preserved by dehydration, canning, and refrigeration. However, people usually prefer fresh vegetables become unfit for human consumption as a result of sprouting and breakdown in storage.

Some chemicals have been used with various degrees of success in preventing sprouting of certain vegetables. The chemicals were applied as a pre-harvest foliar spray or directly on the tubers or on the roots.

In 1954, a law was passed by the United States Congress authorizing the release …

A Study Of Three Photochemical Activities Of Chloroplasts, Jimmy W. Hinkson

Theses and Dissertations

Chloroplasts of sugar beet leaves were subjected to treatment by heating, by incubation at pH 8.5 and pH 5.5, by incubation in ion low water, by sonic oscillation, by digestion with enzymes (lysozyme, pancreatin, and lipase), by extraction with digitonin, and by chemical compounds including 8-hydroxy-quinoline, sodium azide, zinc sulfate, phenyl mercuric acetate, potassium cyanide, 1-allylthiourea, 2,4-dinitrophenol, thymol, and p-chloromercuribenzoate. A comparative study was made of the effects of these treatments upon three photochemical reactions (the photoreduction of 2,6- dichlorophenol indophenol, the photoreduction of indigo carmine in the presence of a couple composed of 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol and ascorbic acid, and …

The Effect Of Adrenalectomy And Cortisone Acetate On Experimental Liver Cancer, Richard A. Heise

Biology ETDs

An attempt was made in this study to determine the completeness of adrenalectomy and effect in conjunction with cortisone acetate and/or desoxycorticosterone trimethylacetate (DCT) on the development of liver tumors in rats fed 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-Me-DAB)

The Effects Of Adrenal Steroids On Electrolyte And Water Balance In Force-Fed Intact Rats, Emma Romero

Biology ETDs

During the past decade a number of biological and clinical investigations have been concerned with the inhibitory effects of 11-oxy and 17-hydroxy steroids on water and sodium excretion. However, it is recognized by many investigators that such steroids may act either to inhibit or enhance water and sodium excretion, the results obtained depending upon experimental circumstances.

A Survey Of Serum Enzymes As A Possible Index Of Radiation Injury, Lora Belle Hughes

Biology ETDs

Early changes in the serum concentrations of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, and malic dehydrogenase were determined in young adult rats following exposures to sublethal, midlethal, and supralethal doses of X-irradiation, treatment with hepatotoxic agents or opiates, and sequential administration of both X-irradiation and the hepatotoxins. Changes in serum enzyme content were also determined in a series of 38 rhesus monkeys within 30 minutes after exposure to sublethal doses of fission neutrons.

Relatively small increases in serum enzyme concentration, detectable within 1 to 6 hours after whole body X-irradiation, were greatly exaggerated by prior treatment of the test animals …

The Cattle Industry Of San Juan County, Utah, 1875-1900, Franklin D. Day

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to learn the reasons for the movement of cattle Into San Juan County, Utah, the development of the Industry, and its contribution to the growth of the county.

The few written accounts in existence of the cattle industry in San Juan are brief and found in widely separate areas. The whole and complete account will likely never be written, but there is need for gathering as much of the scattered information as possible.

A study of the early history of the inhabitants of San Juan was made, along with an examination of the geography …

The Effects Of Relaxin On The Composition Of Bovine Milk, Chris H. Nissen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Protoplasm is a fragile substance keeping its homeostatic properties by many physiochemical phenomena. Much is known about the properties of protoplasm; but it is, perhaps, only meager when compared to what is yet to be learned. Such physical changes as electrical impulses, diffusion, and oxidation – to mention a few – are necessary for protoplasm to retain its integrity. In higher animals, particularity, for our purpose, mammals, protoplasm is sustained by different body system working harmoniously together to supply raw materials that remove waste, and govern all endeavors. One should not infer that single called animals have a more simple …

The Blood Picture In Correlation With Bloat, Dale A. Yarns

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bloat may spell disaster to any farmer on a given day. This kind of disaster is typical and not infrequent in ruminates especially cattle and sheep. Bloat affects polygastrics, why not monogastrics? Ruminants or polygastrics have a four compartment stomach utilizing protozoa and bacteria similar to a fermentation vat which catabolizes complex substrates into simple digestible nutrients while the monogastrics rely on secretions from the stomach lining. Primarily fermentation takes are water and larger amount of free gas, which can accumulate in the rumen when disposal is impaired. Why do animals dispose of these large quantities of gas 364 days …

Consumer Preferences And Attitudes Toward Butter And Advertising In Brookings And Madison, South Dakota, Paul M. Williamson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The basic purpose of this study was to seek means of improving the incomes of dairy farmers through the development of better markets for butter. In line with this, three major hypotheses were tested. The hypotheses were: (1) a sufficient proportion of consumers in Brookings and Madison prefer cultured butter to make it feasible to develop a market for it, (2) consumption of cultured butter can be increased by sales promotion, (3) development of a market for cultured butter will increase total butter consumption.

An Attempt To Develop Resistance In The Udder Against Streptococcus Dysgalactiae And Escherichia Coli, Donald E. Otterby

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The problem of mastitis in dairy animals has received much attention in recent years. As the business of dairying has developed and grown, mastitis has become more significant to the farmer and the processor. The economic loss from reduced production and sale of milk, loss of breeding animals, veterinary and medical fees is paramount. Much of the emphasis when dealing with mastitis has been on cure rather than prevention. Despite the extensive investigations of antibiotics and other chemo-therapeutic agents as a cure for mastitis, a completely satisfactory answer to the mastitis problem has not been found. Recent research has suggested …

A Comparison Of The Blood Oxygen Capacity In Semi-Terrestrial And Aquatic Frogs, Francis Burke Leftwich

Master's Theses

The present investigation is a comparison of the blood oxygen capacity in three species of frogs: a semi-terrestrial form R. pippins, the meadow frog; and two aquatic forms, R. clamitans, the green frog; and R. catesbeiana, the bullfrog. The habitats or these frogs are described by Wright and Wright (1949) as follows: R. pipiens inhabits swampy marsh lands, upland backwaters, overflows, and ponds in the spring. In summer it is found in swamp lands, grassy woodlands, or in cultivated hay and grain fields. In winter it hibernates in pools or marshes. It has been found as far as …

Taxonomic Studies On Adult And Larval Ascidians From California, Robert Christian Haugsten

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The primary purpose of this research is to further morphological studies on larval ascidians and to encourage greater reliance on larval structures in ascidian taxonomy. This may necessitate some revisions in current classifications, but it is hoped that such revisions will lead to a better understanding of the group. Some general considerations of ascidians are here included for the benefit of those who may not be familiar with them. All specimens used in this study were collected at the Pacific Marine Station area at Dillon Beach, California, during June, July, and August of 1957.

A Preliminary Investigation Of The Role Of Selenium In The Growth Of Stanleya Pinnata, Richard F. Nelson

Theses and Dissertations

Stanleya pinnata has been identified as an indicator plant for seleniferous soils. The apparent limitation of its distribution to seleniferous soils suggests that selenium may play an essential role in this species. This study is a preliminary investigation of the role of selenium to Stanleya pinnata. When fully ripe, seeds germinated readily. Concentrations of selenium of 100 parts per million and 1000 parts per million retarded germination. Seeds germiuated in lower concentrations were not affected which was probably due to the selenium content of the seed itself, being greater than in the germinating media. Stanleya pinnata plants were grown from …

A Comparison Of The Blood Oxygen Capacity In Painted Turtles (Chrysemys Picta Schneider) And Box Turtles (Terrapene Carolina Linne), Harold J. Payne

Master's Theses

Among factors necessary for an animal to maintain life is the presence of an oxygen carrier that will transport a sufficient quantity of oxygen necessary for respiratory metabolism. In animals whose blood contains hemoglobin, which is a pigment that loads and unloads oxygen, this carrying capacity is referred to as blood oxygen capacity. It is a measure of the amount of oxygen that will combine with whole blood when completely mixed with air. It is usually expressed in volumes per cent (ml. 02/100 ml. blood) and corrected to standard temperature and pressure.

A search of available literature revealed that there …

Studies On The Periodicity Of Certain Plankton Species Of Salem Lake, Gene A. Pratt

Theses and Dissertations

Plankton samples were taken periodically from one station in Salem Lake from the fall of 1955 through the winter of 1957. Other data including the pH, dissolved oxygen content, turbidity, brightness of day, temperature, and time of day were recorded at the time of each collection. The plankton samples were centrifuged and preserved in a 4% formalin solution. They were later examined microscopically, and density, percent density, and percent frequency calculations were made from them for ten selected species and for the five phyla which they represent.

Observations On The White-Faced Ibis, Plegadis Chihi, In Louisiana, Horace William Belknap

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The eight-month study deals with the White-faced Ibis, Plegadis chihi, in southwestern Louisiana. It affirms the absence of the closely related Glossy Ibis, Plegadis falcinellus, as a breeding bird in that area today. Data on feeding habits, social behavior, nesting cycles, and plumage changes in chihi are presented as a step toward clarifying the relationship of these two puzzling forms of ibis; but the full significance of these findings cannot be ascertained until more is known about the habits of falcinellus. The most important conclusions concern plumage changes. It is shown that published descriptions of plumage and molt in chihl …

Chemosynthetic Microorganisms In Leaching Sulfide Minerals, A. Keith Jameson

Theses and Dissertations

This investigation showed that a single bacterium was capable of sulfide oxidation in exposed ore bodies. This single bacterium was isolated and characterized. It exhibited different characteristics than any previously known organism. It was found to be a chemosynthetic autotroph. An optimum nutrient concentration was determined for pyrite oxidation. The nutrient concentration was determined for pyrite oxidation. The nutrient contains only a source of phosphate and nitrogen. Urea was found to be a better source of nitrogen than ammonium sulfate which had previously been used. The effect of various organic compounds on the oxidation of pyrite was observed. Glucose and …

The Effects Of Desoxycorticosterone Trimethylacetate, Desoxycorticosterone Acetate, Cortisone Acetate, And Adrenalectomy On The Liver Succinoxidase And Glutamic Dehydrogenase Activity Of Rats Fed 3'-Methyl-4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-Me-Dab), John P. Davanzo

Biology ETDs

Experimental production of liver cancer by means of azo dyes is a standardized and convenient method for study of the cancer problem. The rat is the animal of choice for this type of experimentation because this animal is readily susceptible to liver carcinogenesis upon being fed azo dyes. Mice are only partially susceptible and rabbits and guinea pigs will not develop cancer of the liver by ingestion of the azo dyes (E. C. Miller and J. A. Miller, 1947, p.473). The liver, likewise, is an appropriate organ for study. Enzymologists and cytologists today regard the liver cell as the best …

The Collembola Of New Mexico With Especial Reference To The North-Central Part Of The State, Harold George Scott

Biology ETDs

The is one of the first faunistic studies to be completed in New Mexico and one of the first comprehensive analyses of the ecological distribution of the species of Collembola in as large and varied an area as New Mexico. One hundred fifty-two Collembola species, of which 24 are described as new, are recorded from New Mexico. In addition four species, of which one is described as new, are recorded for the first time from Colorado. Prior to the present study, only four species of Collembola were recorded from New Mexico.

The Influence Of Clay Flocculation And Dispersion On The Covering Power Of Clay Coating Colors, Donald G. Pryor

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Historical Survey

Introduction

A survey of the literature showed that considerable information has been published on the effects of dispersing agents on the viscosity of coating colors and clay slurries. There seemed to be little work done on the effect of the dispersing agent on any other of the properties of the coating.