Law and Economics Commons^™

Hospital Mergers: The Symptoms Of Anticompetitive Consolidation & A Routine Checkup On The Horizontal Merger Guidelines, Stefan Rao Kostas

University of Miami Business Law Review

In 2021, President Biden issued an executive order that addressed the negative implications of market concentration within the healthcare industry. Specifically, President Biden called for the revision of the Horizontal and Vertical Merger Guidelines to enact antitrust safeguards that limit unchecked hospital mergers and promote competition. This Article delves into the role of the healthcare sector in the U.S. economy and how the current state of hospital mergers limits competition and, thus, the quality of care available to patients. Further, this Article studies U.S. federal regulations, case law, and merger retrospectives to uncover pitfalls within the current Horizontal Merger Guidelines. …

Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Dumping Limbah Padat Bahan Berbahaya Beracun (B3) Oleh Para Pelaku Usaha Berdasarkan Pasal 104 Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009, Dewi Sartika Putri

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

In carrying out economic development in Indonesia, it has an impact on the widespread damage to the environment which means the rampant living crimes that occur in Indonesia. This development activity contains a risk of pollution and environmental damage. . Lack of supervision of environmental management permits by existing agencies, law enforcement officials who are not maximal in upholding environmental laws and weak criminal sanctions and compensation for business actors who violate them, causing a deterrent effect on business actors who violate them. In addition, business actors who only take advantage and do not care about environmental restoration by neglecting …

Perbandingan Pengaturan Dan Konsep Bentuk Hukum Partnership Di Negara Brunei Darussalam Dengan Indonesia Dikaitkan Dengan Hukum Perdata, Dewi Mega Victoria

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

This study aims to find out and analyze the comparative legal form of the Partnership in Indonesia as stipulated in the Indonesian Civil Code Book with the State of Brunei Darussalam as stipulated in the Laws of Brunei, Chapter 106 Contracts. There are 5 points that can be examined from the rules in 2 countries relating to the Partnership, namely: Status of Legal Entity, Establishment of Partnership, Organ Partnership, Responsibility and Disbanding the Partnership. This is a reference to renew the Partnership regulations in Indonesia in the future with reference to the state regulation of Brunei Darussalam. This research is …

Penerapan Prinsip Business Judgement Rule Dalam Melaksanakan Kegiatan Perkreditan Dengan Menganut Prinsip Kehati-Hatian Pada Kasus Kejahatan Perbankan Di Indonesia, Dewi Maya Br Ginting

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

In a more complex and simplistic sense, abuse (abnormal use) of power can be interpreted as a result of the failure of internal control. Within the banking industry itself, the prudential principle is the main benchmark in the formation and maintenance of relations between the Bank and the public. Although Directors and Commissioners bear legal responsibility with their respective portions, there are certain limitations regarding when directors and commissioners cannot be held liable for the risk of decisions or supervisory actions that they have taken. When faced with a case of alleged banking crime, the Panel of Judges can use …

Perlindungan Direksi Terhadap Keputusan Bisnis Melalui Penerapan Prinsip Business Judgement Rules Di Amerika Serikat, Jepang, Dan Indonesia, Desty Sari Wardani

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Board of Directors is required to perform his duty in the best manner under the triad of fiduciary duties: good faith, duty of care, and duty of loyalty. The Business Judgment Rule protects the Company's Board of Directors as a risk taker in the organization, that decisions are made in accordance with law, carried out in good faith, carried out with the right purpose, such decisions have rational grounds, carried out with care as is done by a person who is cautious enough about similar judgments and conducted in a way that’s the best for the company. This journal discusses …

Perlindungan Hukum Pemegang Saham Atas Transaksi Material Pada Pt Sumalindo Lestari Jaya.Tbk Dikaitkan Dengan Prinsip Good Corporate Governance Sesuai Peraturan Pasar Modal Di Indonesia, Cornelia Kristi Deswardhani

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Minority shareholders of PT Sumalindo Lestari Jaya Tbk feel disadvantaged as a result of not holding a GMS for material transactions. The company should be required to hold a GMS as a form of company disclosure to shareholders. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and understand material transactions and legal remedies for minority shareholders in PT Tbk and the application of GCG principles through Bapepam-LK supervision on material transactions at PT Sumalindo Lestari Jaya Tbk. The approach method used in the preparation of this research is the normative juridical method, meaning legal research that examines secondary data …

Pemenuhan Hak Atas Kesehatan Bagi Fakir Miskin Saat Pandemi Covid-19 Di Indonesia, Bonita Cinintya Putri

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Economy and Social Welfare should not be read and understood as two separate concepts separately. Human rights are rights that humans have solely because they are human. Humanity has it not because it was given to it by society or based on positive law, but solely based on its dignity as a human being. The state's obligation to the right to health is stated in Article 34 Paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The state as the holder of the obligation to fulfil human rights has the responsibility to comply with these aspects when talking …

Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah Melalui Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional Dan Lembaga Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Dalam Prospek Perkembangan Ekonomi Syariah Di Indonesia, Baiq Inti Dhena Sinayang

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

The increasing number of sharia economic disputes as a result of sharia economic development causes alternative dispute resolution to be an option in resolving sharia disputes. Basyarnas and LAPS-OJK are sharia economic dispute resolution forums outside of litigation. From the results of the research, it is known that the National Basyarnas need to be strengthened against the implications of the unregistered Basyarnas in the LAPS-POJK list after the issuance of POJK No. 61 of 2020 jo. POJK No. 1 of 20014 concerning LAPS in the financial services sector. The mechanism for dispute resolution procedures at Basyarnas starts from the request …

Tinjauan Yuridis Proses Pelelangan Pengusahaan Jalan Tol Gilimanuk-Mengwi Ditinjau Dari Praktik Monopoli Dan Hukum Persaingan Usaha, Artika Purnama Sari

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

One of a series of toll road concession tender processes is the pre-qualification stage in which participants who pass will follow the auction stage by taking a proposal request document. Participants who pass the prequalification in the form of a consortium at least one member of the consortium must have similar experience in toll road PPP projects. The purpose of this paper is to determine the legal aspects of monopolistic practice and business competition law in relation to the tender process for the Gilimanuk-Mengwi toll road concession. This writing uses a normative method by conducting a literature review. The results …

Perlindungan Atas Privasi Konsumen Dalam Layanan Reservasi Tiket Online Dari Pt. Kereta Api Indonesia, Aprilia Susanti

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

The significant increase in online activities cannot be separated from the many active internet users who use mobile internet connections to carry out their daily activities, one of which is for the convenience of making ticket reservations at PT. Indonesian Railways (KAI). The purpose of this research is to find out the study of the business law of protecting consumer privacy in the online ticketing service of PT. KAI. Data collection was carried out by means of a literature study of the relationship between laws and regulations in consumer protection and the position of PT. KAI as business actors and …

Perkembangan, Penerapan, Dan Tantangan Hukum Anti-Dumping Di Indonesia Ditinjau Dalam Kerangka Hukum Wto, Anggoro Aji Nugroho

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Anti-dumping is a form of action against price discrimination by importing countries by selling their products below normal values with the aim of competing with local products and potentially causing serious injury to the domestic industry for liked products. Indonesia as a member of the WTO is subject to the provisions of the WTO legal framework including provisions regarding anti-dumping. This research focuses on the development and application of anti-dumping laws based on the WTO in Indonesia as well as the challenges that will be faced by Indonesia in implementing anti-dumping in the future. This research uses qualitative methods, where …

Analisis Pengaturan Pajak Parkir Pada Badan Pengelola Pajak Retribusi Daerah Kabupaten Lampung Utara, Adinda Akhsanal Viqria

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Parking tax is a local tax imposed under the law number 28 of 2009 on local taxes and user charge. The purpose of this study is to analyze the adequacy of the Parking Tax Reception System At the Office of Lampung Utara Regional Tax and Retribution Agency. The method used is descriptive analysis. Data were obtained through field studies. The results of this research is that the System of Parking Tax Admission in Lampung Utara City has been adequate and in accordance with the applicable regulations, namely the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation number 59 at 2007 includes the related …

And On The Third Wave: Using Intersectionality To Resurrect Heightened Scrutiny In Public Education Litigation, Chris Chambers Goodman

Loyola University Chicago Law Journal

This Symposium marks the fiftieth anniversary of San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez, and seeks to address how society could have been different if the Supreme Court had recognized education as a fundamental right. It also considers how the lack of a fundamental right to education may have led to the under-education of our population and may be linked to other issues like economic inequality and the shifting landscape of fundamental rights.

This Article focuses on the ties between race and socioeconomic status in public school K–12 education. It analyzes the impact of the Rodriguez holding that education …

"Use And Improve" Is My Accountability Mantra, Despite 30 Years Of Eye-Opening Disappointments, Natalie Bridgeman Fields

Perspectives

This essay finds justification for championing the continued existence, functioning and evolution of Independent Accountability Mechanisms (IAMs). An inside assessment of the thirty-year functioning of IAMs reveals that inadequate power and independence are severely hampering IAM efforts to hold actors accountable for harm. Simultaneously, IAMs can’t make progress without the underlying financial institutions reforming their incentive structures to reward harm prevention and remedy. Despite decades of systemic failure to deliver accountability, when exceptions happen, they are worth it and can be spectacular. With an influx of new climate-related funding expected at the financial institutions, exceptions need to become the rule. …

Between Disruption And Legitimation Of Development: A Critical Perspective On The Inspection Panel And A Call For More Radical Thinking Within The Accountability Community, Dustin Schäfer

Perspectives

The essay explores the Inspection Panel’s (the Panel) conflicting role of providing accountability for negatively affected people while facing political limitations. The Panel has proven its potential to disrupt harmful development practices. However, by reproducing “dev-speak” it also continuously contributes to legitimizing the same assumptions of “how to do development”, and thus to the continuation of harmful development practices. This ambivalent effect is inherent to the Panel because of its politically inhibited and depoliticized (i.e. technocratic) environment. To overcome this long-lasting and structural condition will require critical examination of the concept of development and the role it plays in …

The 2022 U.S. Steel/Aluminum Tariff Ruling: A Legal Reckoning For The United States And The Wto Over The National Security Exception In International Law, Klint W. Alexander

American University Law Review

On December 9, 2022, the World Trade Organization (WTO) issued landmark rulings against the United States in four cases brought by China, Switzerland, Norway, and Turkey involving the U.S. imposition and maintenance of restrictive trade measures on steel and aluminum imports dating back to 2018. The major effect of the rulings was to quash the idea that a WTO member had unfettered discretion to invoke the national security exception under Article XXI(b) of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT 1994) whenever it suits its interests. The recent decisions build upon important WTO precedents addressing the applicability of the …

The Inspection Panel Early Years (An Inside Story), Eduardo G. Abbott

Perspectives

This retrospective analysis explores the establishment and evolution of the World Bank Inspection Panel, from the perspective of the Panel’s first executive secretary. The Perspective describes the initial expectations, challenges, and concerns faced by the first Panel members as they wrestled to operationalize an unprecedented institution. The Perspective documents the strategic actions the Panel took to safeguard its independence and ensure its accessibility to potential claimants. The Perspective concludes with a review of the Panel’s contemporary struggles for autonomy prompted by a restructuring of the Panel and the evolving landscape of accountability mechanisms within the World Bank Group.

Woke Capital Revisited, Jennifer S. Fan

Seattle University Law Review

Inclusive corporate leadership is now at the forefront of discussions related to corporate governance. Two corporate theories help to explain the rise in prominence of diversity, equity, and inclusion (“DEI”) efforts in corporate leadership. First, an expanded definition of corporate purpose which elevated the idea of the importance of stakeholders, contributed to the momentum from business and legal quarters for broader corporate inclusion. Second, the increasing publicness of corporations—the social expectation of how large, typically public corporations should act given their position of power—also led to corporations becoming more active in the DEI space. It is against this backdrop that …

When Congress Passes The Buck: How Russia’S Invasion Of Ukraine Exposed Flaws In Granting The President Sanctioning Powers, Artem M. Joukov, Samantha M. Caspar

Seattle University Law Review

The United States (U.S.) Constitution provides few limitations on endowing the Executive Branch with powers to govern foreign trade, which was initially granted to the Legislature. In a world where global trade dominates, the power over foreign trade can be more important than the power over domestic matters. Leaving unrestrained trade authority to the Executive Branch may cause hazards for Americans and foreigners alike. Russia’s war in Ukraine demonstrates the flaws in permitting the Executive Branch to unilaterally sanction foreign states. This Article demonstrates how reactive Executive Branch policies infringed on the welfare and safety of American citizens and foreigners …

Pedaling Backwards: Examining The King County Board Of Health’S Choice To Repeal Its Bicycle Helmet Law, Schuyler M. Peters

Seattle University Law Review

In Part I, this Comment will explain the Helmet Law itself and the timeline that ultimately led to its repeal. Part II will focus on the positive impact of the Helmet Law, the dangers associated with the repeal, why the repeal should not have occurred in the manner it did, and what societal costs stem from the BOH’s decision. Part III will address the actions that must be taken to revoke this repeal and the reasons behind these alternative pathways, including an Equity Impact Review study specifically on the consequences of repeal, a collaborative outreach program to bring helmets to …

Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review

Seattle University Law Review

Table of Contents

Women In Shareholder Activism, Sarah C. Haan

Seattle University Law Review

Even a cursory review of the history of American environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) shareholder activism reveals the presence of women leaders. This Article sketches some of this history and interrogates the role of women in the shareholder activism movement. That movement typically has involved claims by minority shareholders to corporate power; activists are nearly always on the margins of power, though minority shareholders may, collectively, represent a majority interest. This Article ascribes women’s leadership in shareholder activism to their longstanding position as outsiders to corporate organization. Women’s participation in shaping corporate policy—even from the margins—has provided women with …

Beyond The Business Case: Moving From Transactional To Transformational Inclusion, Jamillah Bowman Williams

Seattle University Law Review

While workplace diversity is a hot topic, the extent to which the diversity management movement has effectively improved intergroup relations and reduced racial inequality remains unclear.1 Despite large investments in diversity and inclusion training and other company wide initiatives, historically excluded groups remain vastly underrepresented in leadership and the most lucrative careers, such as finance, law, and technology. This calls the efficacy of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts into question, particularly with respect to reducing racial inequality in the workplace.

This Article explains why it is time for organizational leaders to move beyond the transactional case for diversity and …

Investment Bankers And Inclusive Corporate Leadership, Afra Afsharipour

Seattle University Law Review

Few major deals happen without the engagement and advice of investment bankers. Whether a company is undertaking an initial public offering or engaging in a large merger or acquisition deal, investment bankers play a central role in advising corporate executives. Successful investment bankers are devoted to cultivating relationships with executives. And these relationships place bankers in a position to earn tens of millions in fees for their advisory and service roles in connection with corporate dealmaking. Investment bankers’ constant endeavors to nurture relationships with executives, while also maximizing their own ability to enhance fees, commonly leads to allegations of double-dealing, …

Reframing The Dei Case, Veronica Root Martinez

Seattle University Law Review

Corporate firms have long expressed their support for the idea that their organizations should become more demographically diverse while creating a culture that is inclusive of all members of the firm. These firms have traditionally, however, not been successful at improving demographic diversity and true inclusion within the upper echelons of their organizations. The status quo seemed unlikely to move, but expectations for corporate firms were upended after the #MeToo Movement of 2017 and 2018, which was followed by corporate support of the #BlackLivesMatter Movement in 2020. These two social movements, while distinct in many ways, forced firms to rethink …

How Firms Turn Middle Managers Into Diversity Leaders, Alexandra Kalev, Frank Dobbin

Seattle University Law Review

In 2007, the Conference Board published a piece calling middle managers “the biggest roadblock to diversity and inclusion” for standing in the way of change efforts. Today, many chief diversity officers report that they have failed both to diversify middle management and to get middle managers involved in promoting inclusion. We explore popular diversity programs that create “paper” or “symbolic” principles for achieving diversity (diversity policy statements and guidelines for hiring, promotion, and discharge), as well as programs that engage middle managers in promoting diversity (special recruitment and mentoring programs, and diversity task forces). “Paper” policies often fall flat, but …

Gender And The Constitutional Theory Of The Firm, Jamee K. Moudud

Seattle University Law Review

This Article adds to the literature that has linked feminist economics to foreign trade and development. It argues that two key factors need to be in place jointly if efforts to promote gender equity are to succeed. On the one hand it argues that foreign debt is an important constraint to domestic progressive social policies of all kinds as it increases the power of international creditors who generally tend to support austerity policies. On the other hand, while alleviating the burden of foreign debt via exportpromotion policies is necessary, it is by no means a sufficient condition to promote domestic …

Court’S Choice Of Law Ruling Undermines Washington Community Property Law: A Critique Of Shanghai Commercial Bank V. Chang, Brian D. Hulse

Seattle University Law Review

This Article deals with the issues that arise when Washington courts face the following scenario. One spouse enters into a contract without the joinder (and perhaps without the knowledge) of the other spouse. Both spouses are domiciled in Washington. The contract has contacts with one or more jurisdictions other than Washington and is generally governed as to validity and interpretation by the law of another jurisdiction. The contracting spouse defaults and the other party to the contract obtains a judgment on the contract. The court confronts a question about the property to which the plaintiff will have recourse to collect …

Policing For Profit: A Constitutional Analysis Of Washington State’S Civil Forfeiture Laws, Julia Doherty

Seattle University Law Review

The summer of 2020 reignited a conversation about the relationship between race and policing in the United States. While many have taken the opportunity to scrutinize the racially discriminate components of our criminal justice system, comparable aspects of civil law must be equally scrutinized. A particular area of concern pertains to racially biased policing and the concept of “policing for profits” with Black, Indigenous, and people of color communities (BIPOC), which is accomplished mainly through civil asset forfeiture at a state and federal level.

The World Moved On Without Me: Redefining Contraband In A Technology-Driven World For Youth Detained In Washington State, Stephanie A. Lowry

Seattle University Law Review

If you ask a teenager in the United States to show you one of their favorite memories, they will likely show you a picture or video on their cell phone. This is because Americans, especially teenagers, love cell phones. Ninety-seven percent of all Americans own a cell phone according to a continuously updated survey by the Pew Research Center. For teenagers aged thirteen to seventeen, the number is roughly 95%. For eighteen to twenty-nine-year-olds, the number grows to 100%. On average, eight to twelve-year-old’s use roughly five and a half hours of screen media per day, in comparison to thirteen …