Dispute Resolution and Arbitration Commons^™

Four Questions About Free Speech And Campus Conflict, Jennifer Gerarda Brown

Journal of Dispute Resolution

Rather than presenting theories or truths about free speech and campus conflict, this Essay instead offers four questions—derived from lessons I have learned as a teacher, scholar, and practitioner of dispute resolution—that might shed some light on best practices in campus free speech disputes. These are considerations one might want to take into account before deciding who may speak, what they may say, and how those questions ought to be answered in any given situation. The four questions are these: What is the context for this dispute? Do the parties have an ongoing relationship? Is it fair to ask for …

Our Obligation: Protecting Free Speech And Fostering Inclusive Environments, Patricia Telles-Irvin

Journal of Dispute Resolution

There is much discussion and debate these days on college campuses on how to protect freedom of expression while, at the same time, cultivate an inclusive en-vironment that promotes learning for all members of the community. While it is clear that freedom of expression is fundamental to the mission of an institution of higher education, creating an inclusive community can be challenging when toxic speech, under the protection of the First Amendment, aims only to demean and marginalize groups of individuals with no true redeeming value to advance knowledge. If our core mission is to educate by allowing the expression …

The Modern Arbitration Frankenstein: The Rise And Fall Of The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’S Arbitration Rule, Nick Leyh

Journal of Dispute Resolution

This Comment will analyze the CFPB’s proposed rule prohibiting companies from including a ban on class actions within their arbitration provisions. The CFPB’s proposed rule5 has created a political firestorm, resulting in strong opposition to the ban on class action waivers amongst both House and Senate legislators. Further, the current proposed rule has already been rejected by the House, utilizing the Congressional Review Act, an act passed in 1996 that allows the legislature to “fast-track” votes on legislation with only a simple majority from both houses of Congress, to enable a vote. The debate that surrounded the rule reflects the …

Framing Campus Free Expression Conflict Through A Dispute Resolution Optic: Insights For Campus Leaders, Robert H. Jerry Ii

Journal of Dispute Resolution

This Essay, with campus leaders as its intended audience (i.e., presidents, chancellors, provosts, deans, department chairs, and faculty, staff, and student governance leaders), maintains that acquaintance with constructs familiar to dispute resolution scholars and practitioners can deepen understanding of free expression conflict on college campuses, increase self-awareness and enhance leaders’ ability to act consciously and purposively in response to conflict, and help equip campus leaders with useful tools for managing conflict when it arises. This Essay will stress framing, but many constructs in the dispute resolution field illuminate the techniques and skills campus leaders need if they are to manage …

“It All Started With A Mouse”: Resolving International Trademark Disputes Using Arbitration, Ashlyn Calhoun

Journal of Dispute Resolution

This Comment will address how arbitration can resolve international trademark disputes by examining the nature of both international disputes and trademark disputes. In order to do so, Part II will discuss the nature of domestic and international trademark disputes. Part III will examine the benefits of using arbitration in place of litigation. Finally, Part IV will evaluate the use of arbitration to resolve trademark disputes.

Private Universities And The First Amendment, Ben Trachtenberg

Journal of Dispute Resolution

This Article questions whether private colleges and universities should act as though the First Amendment applies to them in the same way it constrains the policy of public colleges and universities. Specifically, the Article examines the common suggestion—by laypersons, lawyers, and scholars alike—that private universities ought to tolerate offensive, hateful, bigoted speech because the values animating First Amendment jurisprudence are similar to those guiding the decisions of good universities committed to free inquiry and the open exchange of ideas. It then notes that this suggestion, while commonly made, is rarely defended with much rigor or vigor. The Article next marshals …

“Hardly Be Said To Offer An Education At All”: Endrew And Its Impact On Special Education Mediation, Grant Simon

Journal of Dispute Resolution

As the standards for special education students in America rise, the need to handle the resulting disputes arises as well. Special education disputes are a common yet emotional process for all parties involved. Such disputes can result in a split between the family and the school district- a split that can potentially leave negative consequences on the student. In 1975, Congress, realizing the personal nature and prevalence of special education issues, passed what would become the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The IDEA offers states federal funds to assist in educating children with disabilities. This Act also authorizes the …

Building Conflict Resilience: It's Not Just About Problem-Solving, Robert C. Bordone

Journal of Dispute Resolution

Political polarization in the United States and internationally has increased enormously in the past decade, resulting in legislative impasse in some countries, political instability and partisan re-alignment in others, and decreased levels of communication, trust, and cooperation across partisan lines in schools, communities, and across the nation. As partisan polarization has increased, I have observed several perceptible changes in the way law school students engage each other around political differences and conflict in the classroom. From conversations with my colleagues, I am not alone in observing these trends.

Stakeholder Dialogues And Virtual Reality For The German Energiewende, Arne Spieker

Journal of Dispute Resolution

The German energy system is in a complete overhaul. In the future energy will mainly derive from renewable sources. While in general this is largely socially accepted, new long-range power-lines, needed to distribute that energy, disquiet local communities and lead to political friction. Using stakeholder dialogues, responsible authorities and transmission operators try to direct escalating debates back onto a constructive track. This Article describes the inclusion of public participation in the recently adopted grid expansion acceleration act (NABEG) and a best practice stakeholder dialogue for a high voltage d.c. link. It contextualizes those efforts into the broader debate over citizen …

Adr That Is Out Of This World: A Regime For The Resolution Of Outer-Space Disputes, George Khoukaz

Journal of Dispute Resolution

The United States’ interest in enlarging and increasing its presence in outer space is an extension of its current geographically extensive military presence around the globe. These outer-space exploratory goals are compared to the expansionist aspirations of ocean-born European empires of the 17th and 18th centuries; and therefore project a future where nations will compete over space-control to gain a geostrategic advantage on Earth.

Mediating Farm Nuisance: Comparing New Jersey, Missouri, And Iowa Right To Farm Laws And How They Utilize Mediation Techniques, Gina Moroni

Journal of Dispute Resolution

Is it a right to farm, or a right to be a bad neighbor? The ability to sue a neighbor who farms claiming nuisance is largely dependent on each state’s right to farm law. Just because there is a nuisance claim that can be filed in court does not necessarily mean the complaint should be heard in court. Instead, mediation can be a low cost, confidential, and even binding alternative which helps parties resolve their disputes in creative ways. Section II of this Comment examines what right to farm laws do, the agricultural dynamics that led to the creation of …

Online Dispute Resolution For Divorce Cases In Missouri: A Remedy For The Justice Gap, Danielle Linneman

Journal of Dispute Resolution

This Comment will analyze the use of ODR for divorce disputes in Missouri by first explaining the use of ODR and then analyzing its evolution. How ODR has grown on a global level and entered the realm of family law will also be viewed, as well as how other countries have used ODR to successfully resolve divorce case disputes. Recent proposals in the United States for use of ODR programs to resolve domestic disputes will be discussed, before evaluating how ODR programs could be implemented into Missouri’s legal system as a way to begin shaping the future of America’s family …

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Journal of Dispute Resolution

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Journal of Dispute Resolution

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Introduction To “Dispute Resolution And Political Polarization", Rafael Gely

Journal of Dispute Resolution

Dispute resolution practitioners and scholars know conflict. In fact, some would say that we love conflict. And yet, despite our affinity with conflict, the polarization that is evident in today’s public space has been disconcerting. While we generally operate in a space where we are constantly exploring options, seeking compromise, helping participants explore their interests and finding ways to move towards agreement, what seems like an inability to even engage in any kind of dialogue is troubling. These and other related concerns led the editors of the Journal of Dispute Resolution to solicit contributions from seven well-known conflict resolution scholars …

Ethics In International Arbitration, Peter Halprin, Stephen Wah

Journal of Dispute Resolution

The growth of international arbitration has expanded both the pool of arbitrators as well as the counsel involved in international arbitration. This growth has resulted in arbitrators, counsel, and parties of various cultural and legal traditions participating in disputes. Because different cultural and legal traditions may come into conflict, there is increasing focus and discussion regarding what guidelines or rules, if any, should govern international arbitrations. The discussion regarding whether any guidelines or rules should govern arbitration asks whether a forum for dispute resolution built on the concepts of neutrality, party autonomy, and procedural flexibility should be governed by strict …

Seeking Recognition And Enforcement Of Foreign Court Judgments And Arbitral Awards In Egypt And The Mashriq Countries, Nicolas Bremer

Journal of Dispute Resolution

Asserting a claim in an international transaction is often complex. If a transaction involves parties from different countries, the venue of dispute resolution will often be in a jurisdiction different from that where enforcement may have to be sought. In such a case, any ruling obtained will have to be recognized by the competent authority of the country where enforcement is sought (known as requested country). Obtaining recognition of a foreign ruling in the Middle East and North Africa is considerably challenging. Despite some progress having been made over the last decade, local courts are still rather reserved towards foreign …

One Idea For Ameliorating Polarization: Reviving Conversations About An American Spirit, Nancy H. Rogers

Journal of Dispute Resolution

Historian David McCullough tells those discouraged about the nation’s current problems that Americans have an “inexhaustible source of strength”: “our story, our history, who we are, how we got to where we are, … all we have been through, what we have achieved” and our “national ambitions.” McCullough calls this the “American spirit” and urges Americans to articulate a current version. Some might express pessimism about this project – after all, one poll indicates that most Americans think we are losing an American spirit. Other commentators agree with McCullough, though, that Americans should endeavor to identify an American spirit that …

State Legislative Update, Ryan Corrigan, Samantha Groark, Alison Matusofsky, John Roark, Joshua Sieg

Journal of Dispute Resolution

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Vatican Mediation And The Venezuelan Crisis, Emma Altheide

Journal of Dispute Resolution

Part II will discuss the dispute between Argentina and Chile in the 1970s concerning property rights in the Beagle Channel, as well as the restoration of diplomatic relations between the United States and Cuba in 2015. Part III will outline the events leading to the crisis in Venezuela, where President Nicolás Maduro has brought the government to the brink of authoritarian rule. This section will assess the Vatican’s offer to mediate in Venezuela in light of the country’s current climate and previous instances of Vatican mediation. Part IV will examine the Vatican as a mediator, analyzing the attributes that may …

Living With No: Political Polarization And Transformative Dialogue, Erik Cleven, Robert A. Baruch Bush, Judith A. Saul

Journal of Dispute Resolution

We argue that dispute resolution processes should not be seen as a substitute for the political process, but rather a complement that can help strengthen it. Based on this view, and on the authors’ experience with dialogue work in the former Yugoslavia, as well as in urban and rural settings in the United States, we argue that transformative processes, specifically an approach we call Transformative Dialogue, are best suited to addressing the challenges of political polarization both in the United States and internationally. This is because the primary goal of transformative processes is not to reach agreement or find common …

Why We Can’T “Just All Get Along”: Dysfunction In The Polity And Conflict Resolution And What We Might Do About It, Carrie Menkel-Meadow

Journal of Dispute Resolution

These are very troubled times. The polity is seriously divided; people who march for white supremacy and hate are called “nice and very good people” by an unhinged, but Constitutionally elected, President; relations between citizens of color and police are at a high level of hostility and distrust; Congress is unable to pass virtually any legislation; and policy differences over immigration, trade, taxation, and health care are so great that even a ruling party cannot get anything done. Perhaps the greatest challenge for our democracy now is learning how to deal with great value differences in the polity, enough so …

Value And Judgment In Investment Treaty Arbitration, Frederic Gilles Sourgens

Journal of Dispute Resolution

Are international treaties consenting to the resolution of disputes between foreign investors and the host states to their investment still a good idea? Recent and not so recent criticism of such treaty provisions calls into question whether investor-state tribunals can act as neutral arbiters of such disputes. This criticism argues that tribunals are biased in favor of the business interests of investors—and therefore disfavor the state’s right to regulate. Responses to this criticism frequently have alleged the opposite: The arbitral tribunals constituted under international treaties are, if anything, too friendly towards the interests of states. They fail to protect the …

Inherently Unneutral Investment Treaty Arbitration: The Formation Of Decisive Arguments In Jurisdictional Determinations, Relja Radovic

Journal of Dispute Resolution

The legitimacy crisis of investment treaty arbitration is much discussed, often challenging the neutrality of that system as a whole. Besides concentrating on the direction in which cases are being decided, or in which the law is being interpreted, the neutrality of investment treaty arbitration as a system can also be discussed from the perspective of its foundations. This article looks at the arbitral use of the two basic ideals of investment treaty arbitration, namely the legalistic and teleological notions, in the formation of decisive arguments, in the particular context of jurisdictional decisions. It examines to what extent the two …

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Journal of Dispute Resolution

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Moving Negotiation Theory From The Tower Of Babel Toward A World Of Mutual Understanding, John Lande

Journal of Dispute Resolution

This Article synthesizes insights from the contributors to our symposium. Illustrating the Tower of Babel-like confusion, Part II highlights challenges in even defining the nature and scope of negotiation, as well as with the widely (mis)used concepts of integrative and distributive negotiation. Part III summarizes the nature of theories and potential sources of information that might contribute to negotiation theory. Part IV identifies some fundamental challenges in developing and improving negotiation theory, including systematically flawed thinking as well as the failure to incorporate insights about fundamental changes in people and our interactions. Part V describes some negotiation frameworks growing out …

On The Forming Of Unified Field Theories, Noam Ebner

Journal of Dispute Resolution

In this Article, I will provide some reflections on these intuitive associations between the worlds of negotiation and of physics, in their searches for comprehensive explanations of the phenomena they respectively explore. While the connections between these two searches might be, at best, associative – they may still provide the negotiation field some reflective food for thought. While searching for one unifying theory underlying the forces and elements of negotiation activity, or even for theory explaining clusters of these elements, we might be well served by a clarification of the term we associatively connect with the realm of theoretical physics, …

Sharia Law And International Commercial Arbitration: The Need For An Intra-Islamic Arbitral Institution, George Khoukaz

Journal of Dispute Resolution

The goal of this Comment is to address the relationship between Middle-Eastern Islamic countries with the rest of the world from an international commercial arbitration perspective. To do that, we will first briefly address the historic sectarian divide between the two main sects in Islam—Sunna and Shia—which will allow the reader to gain a better understanding of the theoretical differences within Islam, resulting in different legal systems and competing political interests. Section II will also briefly address the modern history of both the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the Islamic Republic of Iran (Iran) because these two countries are …

Arbitration Clause Issues In Sharing Economy Contracts, Carissa Laughlin

Journal of Dispute Resolution

This Comment will explicate the successes and failures of sharing economy arbitration clauses, and discuss the future legal climate for companies like Airbnb and Uber. First, this Comment will give an overview of the sharing economy and its current legal implications, then it will provide an overview of arbitration clauses and their success in sharing economy contract agreements, and finally, it will evaluate the potential advantages and disadvantages of arbitration clauses in the future based on a current labor and employment suits pending against Uber.

Don’T Pull The Plug On Bioethics Mediation: The Use Of Mediation In Health Care Settings And End Of Life Situations, Amy Moorkamp

Journal of Dispute Resolution

A hefty decision, such as the life or death of a loved one, requires more than a few minutes of deliberation and a handful of outside consultations. Delicate, emotional, and potentially contentious medical decisions compel a structured, compassionate approach to produce quality and well-informed results. Due to the magnitude of the decision being made, as well as the abundance of other considerations, (emotional, religious, historic, financial, etc.) the case for a creative, problem-solving process of dispute resolution, such as mediation, is ripe.

This Comment will explore the use of mediation in bioethical disputes. In Part II, the Comment will give …