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Full-Text Articles in Law

Right Of Holders Of Preferred Stock To Participate In The Distribution Of Profits, Jay Finley Christ May 1929

Right Of Holders Of Preferred Stock To Participate In The Distribution Of Profits, Jay Finley Christ

Michigan Law Review

When, in the management of the affairs of corporate enterprises, a surplus is available for the payment of dividends, the question often arises, "In what proportions is this fund to be distributed, as between holders of common stock and holders of preferred stock?" When the contract, whether in the by-laws, the subscription agreement, the certificate, or any other form, makes clear the intent of the parties, one way or another, such intent is, of course, controlling. But the intent of the parties may not always be clearly expressed, and in the latter event the rights of the parties are determined …


Taxation-Constitutional Law-Classifcation Of Corporations May 1929

Taxation-Constitutional Law-Classifcation Of Corporations

Michigan Law Review

The equal protection clause does not detract from the right of the state justly to exert its taxing power or prevent it from adjusting its legislation to differences in situation or forbid classification in that connection, but it does require that the classification be not arbitrary, but based on a real and substantial difference having a reasonable relation to the subject of the particular legislation. Though this is the generally accepted rule as to classification, it has long been recognized by the Supreme Court that the very nature of taxation demands that the legislatures be given the widest sort of …


Corporations-Government Owned Corporation Claiming Attributes Of Sovereignty May 1929

Corporations-Government Owned Corporation Claiming Attributes Of Sovereignty

Michigan Law Review

That the government or the sovereign can not be sued without its consent has been so often repeated that it has attained the prosaicness of a legal maxim. Even so the doctrine was never so whole heartedly acceded to in the United States as it was in England, and we find the cases setting up at least one notable exception in the United States as to the property of the sovereign.


The Immunity Of Foreign States When Engaged In Commercial Enterprises: A Proposed Solution, John G. Hervey May 1929

The Immunity Of Foreign States When Engaged In Commercial Enterprises: A Proposed Solution, John G. Hervey

Michigan Law Review

Do governments which engage in commercial undertakings assume the civil and criminal liabilities imposed upon private corporations engaged in similar enterprises, or do governments confer sovereign privileges upon their undertakings? Can governments engage in commercial enterprises and thereby escape the liabilities imposed upon private individuals? More particularly, are foreign governments engaged in such undertakings exempt from process in the American courts?


Recent Important Decisions Mar 1929

Recent Important Decisions

Michigan Law Review

A collection of recent important court decisions.


The Application Of The Doctrine Of Swift V. Tyson Since 1900, H. Parker Sharp, Joseph B. Brennan Mar 1929

The Application Of The Doctrine Of Swift V. Tyson Since 1900, H. Parker Sharp, Joseph B. Brennan

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Trade Associations: The Legal Aspects, Harold C. Havighurst Feb 1929

Trade Associations: The Legal Aspects, Harold C. Havighurst

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.


Fidelity Bonds-Does It Pay To Renew Them? Feb 1929

Fidelity Bonds-Does It Pay To Renew Them?

Michigan Law Review

The question is raised by a recent Michigan case, in which the facts are apparently illustrative of a normal practice in modern business. The employer purchases a fidelity bond to indemnify him against loss arising from the financial misconduct of one of his employees. The premium pays for protection, for the year 1928, to the amount of $5,000. A year later payment of a premium of the same amount results in his receiving a "renewal" or "continuation certificate." 'What is the legal, and what the practical, effect of the renewal?


Book Review. Albertsworth, E. F., Selected Cases And Other Authorities On Industrial Law, Ralph F. Fuchs Jan 1929

Book Review. Albertsworth, E. F., Selected Cases And Other Authorities On Industrial Law, Ralph F. Fuchs

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.


Elements, Tests And Proofs Of A General Partnership, Paul Dias Jan 1929

Elements, Tests And Proofs Of A General Partnership, Paul Dias

Student Theses

This thesis, dealing with the above
mentioned elements, tests and proofs
of a general partnership, the author
will endeavor to show the relation of
these component elements in the
formation of such partnerships.


The Colluding And The Mistaken Trustee, Alvin E. Evans Jan 1929

The Colluding And The Mistaken Trustee, Alvin E. Evans

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Liabilities Of Organizers, Members And Officers Of A Private Corporation In Indiana (Pt. 2), Robert W. Miller Dec 1928

Liabilities Of Organizers, Members And Officers Of A Private Corporation In Indiana (Pt. 2), Robert W. Miller

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


A New Treatise Of Private Corporations, Robert C. Brown Nov 1928

A New Treatise Of Private Corporations, Robert C. Brown

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Book Reviews Jun 1928

Book Reviews

Michigan Law Review

A collection of book reviews by multiple authors.


The Influence Of Securities Regulation Upon Standards Of Corporation Financing, Forrest B. Ashby Jun 1928

The Influence Of Securities Regulation Upon Standards Of Corporation Financing, Forrest B. Ashby

Michigan Law Review

During the first years of the present century both promotional and manipulative swindling in connection with stocks and bonds flourished in the face of the obsolescent and poorly enforced fraud laws which were administered by prosecutors and courts inexperienced in corporate finance. It was not until 1911, after the securities problem had been put squarely before it by the state banking commissioner, that the Kansas legislature passed the first blue sky law to check the issuance and sale of unsound corporate obligations. Since 1911 the development of securities legislation has proceeded until at the present time forty-six states have statutes …


Corporations-Consolidation And Merger-Liability For The Obligations Of The Old Company-American Railway Express Company Cases Jun 1928

Corporations-Consolidation And Merger-Liability For The Obligations Of The Old Company-American Railway Express Company Cases

Michigan Law Review

Following the taking over of the railroads under proclamation of the President dated December 26, 1917, it was suggested by Mr. McAdoo, Director General of Railroads, that various express companies whose contracts with the railroads for transportation of goods pursuant to the general conduct of the express business had been virtually annulled by the proclamation, should form a new corporation, transfer to it property used in the express business and receive in consideration stock in the new company. The Director General made the suggestion to expedite the nation's war time transportation, and it was immediately accepted by the companies. He …


The Massachusetts Trust-Called Partnership, Joint-Stock Company, Corporation By The Courts Jun 1928

The Massachusetts Trust-Called Partnership, Joint-Stock Company, Corporation By The Courts

Michigan Law Review

The so-called Massachusetts Trust, as a form of business organization, had its beginning in England some two hundred years ago, and as trading associations they came to be preferred to corporations, in the early days of their history, for their members lacked the immunity from debts of the concern that corporate shareholders possessed. The business trust, in a rudimentary form, made its initial appearance in Massachusetts in 1827, and due to the current of more or less dissatisfaction with the corporate form of business organization there appears to be a present tendency toward the trust form, though Mr. Cook believes …


Damages-Apportionment Of Punitive Damages In An Action Against Agent And Corporation Jointly May 1928

Damages-Apportionment Of Punitive Damages In An Action Against Agent And Corporation Jointly

Michigan Law Review

The recent South Carolina case of Johnson v. Atlantic Coast Line R. Co., presents, it is submitted, an undesirable extension of the rule announced in Goddard v. Grand Trunk R. Co. The latter decided that a corporation or principal is liable in punitive damages for a malicious act of its agent committed in the course of, or in connection with, his duties or employment. The prevailing opinion seems to be that the principal is liable (in exemplary damages) only when he has authorized, participated in, or ratified the act of the agent. or was negligent in the selection of …


Corporations-Repurchase Of Its Own Shares By A Corporation In Performane Of A Promise Forming Part Of The Contract Of Sale May 1928

Corporations-Repurchase Of Its Own Shares By A Corporation In Performane Of A Promise Forming Part Of The Contract Of Sale

Michigan Law Review

One Rosenthal entered the employ of the defendant corporation for two years at a salary of $10,000.00 per year; $75.00 per week to be paid in cash, and the balance to be paid in stock of the corporation at the end of each year. The contract contained a proviso that if the parties could not, at the end of the second year, reach an understanding for a continuation of the employment, the company would repurchase its shares at their par value. No such agreement was reached, and the company refused to take back its stock. Rosenthal brought his bill in …


Recent Important Decisions May 1928

Recent Important Decisions

Michigan Law Review

A collection of recent important court decisions.


Municipal Corporations--Power To Prohibit Pool Rooms, Lester C. Hess Apr 1928

Municipal Corporations--Power To Prohibit Pool Rooms, Lester C. Hess

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.


Recent Important Decisions Apr 1928

Recent Important Decisions

Michigan Law Review

A collection of recent important court decisions.


Cases On Partnership And Other Unincorporated Associations, By Scott Rowley, Robert C. Brown Apr 1928

Cases On Partnership And Other Unincorporated Associations, By Scott Rowley, Robert C. Brown

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


The Legal Effect Of Pre-Incorporation Stock Subscriptions, Clarence Morris Apr 1928

The Legal Effect Of Pre-Incorporation Stock Subscriptions, Clarence Morris

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.


Power Of Agricultural Co-Operative Associations To Limit Production, Milton J. Keegan Apr 1928

Power Of Agricultural Co-Operative Associations To Limit Production, Milton J. Keegan

Michigan Law Review

Farmers within recent years have recognized the necessity of combining in larger and still larger numbers, and great cooperative farm organizations have been formed, some of them with sales reaching $100,000,000 each year. These organizations in 1923 did a combined business estimated at $2,200,000,000. "Giant marketing associations, covering whole states, and even groups of states, have been organized with startling rapidity in the great cotton and tobacco growing states." Co-operative marketing legislation has given these groups great and far reaching powers to attain the end of making agriculture more profitable and to secure better returns to the producers of farm …


Corporations-Right Of Majority To Amend Charter Under Reserved Right Of State Apr 1928

Corporations-Right Of Majority To Amend Charter Under Reserved Right Of State

Michigan Law Review

As everyone knows, the famous Dartmouth College case established, rightly or wrongly, that a corporate charter is a contract between the state and the corporation and the members of the corporation. Ever since that case the states have sought to avoid the resulting restrictions placed on the power to amend or repeal by the federal Constitution by expressly reserving the power at the time of incorporation.


Book Reviews Mar 1928

Book Reviews

Michigan Law Review

A collection of book reviews by multiple authors.


The Corporation Sole Mar 1928

The Corporation Sole

Michigan Law Review

In the recent case of Reid v. Barry, the Florida court stirred among the bones of common law relics to invoke the aid of the corporation sole doctrine, coming to the conclusion that the Roman Catholic Bishop of St. Augustine was a sole corporation, capable of holding property by succession. The ancient learning on this anomalous but useful corporate entity is to be found in Blackstone, Coke, and Grant ; the few reported cases that have appeared since the days of these commentators have in general confirmed what they said. Maitland in delving into its history said; "An ecclesiastical …


Mines And Minerals--Mining Partnerships--Power Of One Partner To Bind Other Partners In Dealing With Third Persons, Lester C. Hess Feb 1928

Mines And Minerals--Mining Partnerships--Power Of One Partner To Bind Other Partners In Dealing With Third Persons, Lester C. Hess

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.


Corporations-Debts In Excess Of Statuatory Limit Feb 1928

Corporations-Debts In Excess Of Statuatory Limit

Michigan Law Review

Business Corporations generally have the power to borrow money for the purpose of their ordinary business, and to give the customary evidence of the debt and security therefor. Such power can be limited only by statute or by the charter. Statutes frequently provide that corporations should not incur indebtedness in excess of some particular stated amount, usually a certain proportion of the capital stock. A recent Nebraska case allowed the lender full recovery from the guarantor of corporate notes given in exchange for a loan in excess of the statutory limit, holding that excessive indebtedness does not necessarily invalidate contract …