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Articles 3661 - 3690 of 3895
Full-Text Articles in Systems Science
Gradient Descent Self-Tuning Control Of Flexible Space Manipulator After Capturing Operation, Cheng Jing, Chen Li
Gradient Descent Self-Tuning Control Of Flexible Space Manipulator After Capturing Operation, Cheng Jing, Chen Li
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: The flexible vibration is generated after all-flexible space manipulator capturing a satellite, and the collision leads to unsteadiness of system. For the unstable composite system, the self-turning control algorithm based on hybrid trajectory is designed in this paper. The theory of gradient descent is used for parameter adaptive rate design to realize the real time adjustment of the PID control parameters. A supervised controller is designed through Lyapunov function to generate the stability and H∞ tracking characteristic of the system. The hybrid trajectory is generated based on the concept of virtual force, which is used to accomplish …
Anchor Adaptive Movement Algorithm For Mobile Nodes Localization, Zhou Fei, Wennan Liu
Anchor Adaptive Movement Algorithm For Mobile Nodes Localization, Zhou Fei, Wennan Liu
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Location awareness is very important in mobile sensor networks. The existing methods mainly focus on the improvement based on the MCL (Monte Carlo Localization), few of them study the anchor path planning. However, anchors random movement usually causes the waste of energy and resource. Aiming at this deficiency, this paper adopts the grid benefit criterion and achieves anchors adaptive movement. Threshold instead of traversal method is used to reduce the amount of calculation and positioning time. In order to solve the anchors aggregation problem during adaptive movement, we divide the target area into four subareas and constrain part of …
Design And Implementation Of Human-Computer Interactive System For Public Information Service In Smart City, Han Feng, Xiaoling Li, Xiuwen Sun, Lingyu Ji
Design And Implementation Of Human-Computer Interactive System For Public Information Service In Smart City, Han Feng, Xiaoling Li, Xiuwen Sun, Lingyu Ji
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: In view of the singleness on the interactive contents and forms of public information services in Smart City, we design and implement a human-computer interactive system. We analyze both user behavior characteristics as self-portrait effect, landing effect, honeypot effect and Smart City application design characteristics as socialization, intellectualization and humanization. Regarding these characteristics, we specify the interactive contents and the corresponding interactive forms and design the UI features for improving user experience. We research on the technologies involved in the implementation of the system, including gesture recognition based on segments, face recognition and resource integration using WPF, besides, holographic …
Characteristic Analysis Of Tri-Stable Stochastic Resonance With Levy Noise, Lifang He, Yingying Cui, Guoquan Li, Jinzhao Lin
Characteristic Analysis Of Tri-Stable Stochastic Resonance With Levy Noise, Lifang He, Yingying Cui, Guoquan Li, Jinzhao Lin
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: The characteristic analysis of tri-stable stochastic resonance with Levy noise is analyzed deeply with Levy noise being combined with a tri-stable stochastic resonance system and average signal-to-noise ratio gain being used as index. The effect of tri-stable system parameters w, a, b and Levy noise intensity amplification factor D on the resonant output is explored with different Levy noise. Results show that for different distribution of Levy noise, the stochastic resonance phenomenon can be induced by tuning the system parameters. The parameter intervals which can induce stochastic resonances are approximately equal. Moreover, by adjusting the intensity …
Research On Fjsp Problem Of Invasive Weed Optimization Based On Hybrid Strategy, Li Ke, Wang Yan, Zhicheng Ji
Research On Fjsp Problem Of Invasive Weed Optimization Based On Hybrid Strategy, Li Ke, Wang Yan, Zhicheng Ji
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: To solve the flexible job-shop scheduling problem more effectively, an improved invasive weed algorithm was proposed. A random key encoding scheme based on transformed sequences was proposed and an adaptive Gauss mutation operator was introduced to diversity the population in the process of weed breeding. In spatial diffusion stage, the standard deviation of normal distribution based on tangent function was used as seed’s new step size search method. In competition of invasive weed stage, by using the guided search strategy in the bee colony algorithm, the weed was guided to improve its ability to jump out of the …
Approach For Lithium-Ion Battery Rul Prognostics Based On Cpso-Rvm, Chaolong Zhang, Yigang He, Lifen Yuan
Approach For Lithium-Ion Battery Rul Prognostics Based On Cpso-Rvm, Chaolong Zhang, Yigang He, Lifen Yuan
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: On account of the measured battery state of health (SOH) data are often subject to different levels of noise pollution, a battery remaining useful life (RUL) prognostics approach is presented based on wavelet denoising and CPSO-RVM in the paper. Wavelet denoising is performed twice with different thresholds in order to weaken the strong noise and remove the weak noise. Relevance vector machine (RVM) improved by chaos particle swarm optimization (CPSO) algorithm is utilized to estimate the trend of battery SOH variation trajectory and predict the battery RUL based on the denoised data. RUL prognostic experiments using battery data provided …
Evasive Maneuvers Against Missiles For Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle In Autonomous Air Combat, Xizhong Yang, Jianliang Ai
Evasive Maneuvers Against Missiles For Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle In Autonomous Air Combat, Xizhong Yang, Jianliang Ai
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: For UCAV having the capability to deal with autonomous air combat, the flight dynamics model with the overload input and the 3-dimensional proportional navigation guidance model were established. Based on artificial neural network, an evasive maneuver decision was presented for avoiding incoming missiles. The degrees of freedom for UCAV-missile system were reduced by coordinate transformation, which simplified the complicated model as a non-linear model with relatively small amount of input and a single output. After the neural network samples were generated and trained, evasive results could be directly predicted from the relationship of positions between UCAV and missile …
Evaluation On Pilot Performance Of Detecting Runway Incursion Based On Visual Simulation, Kun Yang, Xiangyu Ge, Pengfei Ju, Bai Jie
Evaluation On Pilot Performance Of Detecting Runway Incursion Based On Visual Simulation, Kun Yang, Xiangyu Ge, Pengfei Ju, Bai Jie
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: In order to evaluate the performance of pilots using HUD and PFD to detect runway incursion under approach and landing circumstances, a visual simulation system for transport category airplanes is designed by visual simulation technology. The system includes models of head up display (HUD), primary flight display (PFD), cockpit of transport category airplanes, 3-D terrain of airport. And a program is written to read flight joystick data to control flight. On this visual simulation system, performance experiment of pilots using HUD and PFD to detect runway incursion is carried out. Analysis results show that the response time of …
Numerical Simulation On Air Quality In The Boeing 737 Aircraft Cabin, Xiuyan Wang, Gewen Zhang, Yanmin Liu, Zongshuai Li, Jiaquan Lin
Numerical Simulation On Air Quality In The Boeing 737 Aircraft Cabin, Xiuyan Wang, Gewen Zhang, Yanmin Liu, Zongshuai Li, Jiaquan Lin
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: The air quality in the cabin will directly affect the persons’ efficiency when an aircraft berths. In order to analyze the effect of velocity of air outlet of bridge-load air conditioning on the air quality of aircraft cabin, the first class cabin of Boeing 737 aircraft is used as the research object, based on the CFD method and numerical heat transfer theory, the air quality in aircraft cabin is simulated numerically. Based on PMV and CO2 relative concentration, a new air quality index (IAO) is put forward to evaluate the air quality of aircraft cabin, …
Simulation Research Of General Cargo Terminal Operation Based On Plant Simulation, Zhixiong Liu, Xiong Yang, Xingxu Deng, Yuting Chen
Simulation Research Of General Cargo Terminal Operation Based On Plant Simulation, Zhixiong Liu, Xiong Yang, Xingxu Deng, Yuting Chen
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Combined with the key link of the general cargo loading and unloading operations, the system simulation method is employed to analyze the production efficiency for the general cargo handling operation. The Plant Simulation software is used to design the main modules of the production process such as collection operation, vessel arrival, yard operation, horizontal transportation, ship-loading operation. The simulation model of general cargo handling operation is established based on the whole operation process. The simulation model is running based on the practical production data, and the efficiency of the crane, transitions time and the average storage period are analyzed. …
Gas-Liquid Flow Characteristics Study On The Amino Acid Fermentation Tank, Xiaodong Hu, Qinglei Liu, Fuyu Liu, Dexin Zhang
Gas-Liquid Flow Characteristics Study On The Amino Acid Fermentation Tank, Xiaodong Hu, Qinglei Liu, Fuyu Liu, Dexin Zhang
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Based on the Euler - Euler two-fluid model and population balance model, using MRF (multiple reference frame) method, the flow field of the rushton turbine stirred reactor and airfoil axial flow stirred reactor in fermentation tank is analyzed by Fluent. The information of the oxygen content and the size of bubble in the tank is obtained. The simulation results show that the axial flow produced by the airfoil axial flow stirred reactor and the radial flow produced by the rushton turbine stirred reactor interact with each other. The oxygen distribution is relatively uniform. There is an oxygen concentration near …
Multi-Tasks Channel Selection Algorithmic Modeling Based On Svm-Rfe, Jiankui Feng, Jin Jing, Wang Bei, Yugang Niu, Xingyu Wang
Multi-Tasks Channel Selection Algorithmic Modeling Based On Svm-Rfe, Jiankui Feng, Jin Jing, Wang Bei, Yugang Niu, Xingyu Wang
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Channel selection is used to locate the mental task related brain area in the brain computer interface systems. In the previous studies, the channels were selected based on the data recoded from the multi-mental tasks. However, the different mental tasks are corresponding to the different brain area. If one same brain area is selected for different mental tasks, the features of one mental task would be noises of another mental task. In this paper, a new method was presented to solve this problem based on the data of motor imagery tasks. The SVM-RFE method was used to select the …
Synthesized Capability-Effectiveness Evaluation Method Of Contribution Ratio To System-Of-Systems, Xiaobo Li, Lin Mu, Zhe Shu, Guibai Liu, Wang Tao, Weiping Wang
Synthesized Capability-Effectiveness Evaluation Method Of Contribution Ratio To System-Of-Systems, Xiaobo Li, Lin Mu, Zhe Shu, Guibai Liu, Wang Tao, Weiping Wang
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Since modern combats represent the development trend of systematization and network, it has become an essential requirement to build and use the equipment through a system-of-systems approach. The evaluation of contribution ratio to system-of-systems (CRSOS) is an important means to advance the development of weapon equipment systematization, and it is also urgently needed to carry out in-depth research on the theoretical concepts and methods. This paper establishes the research framework of CRSOS from the classification of contribution type and the equipment management life cycle. It proposes a CRSOS definition from the perspective of capability-efficiency dimension based on current …
Research On The Conceptual Modeling Of Coa For Analysis Of Wargaming, Zhaopeng Liu, Shaojun Liu, Guangya Si, Zhou Wen
Research On The Conceptual Modeling Of Coa For Analysis Of Wargaming, Zhaopeng Liu, Shaojun Liu, Guangya Si, Zhou Wen
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: On the background of the Campaign COA analysis with simulation system wargaming, aiming at the information sharing problem in the course of wargaming, the composition and difference of the domestic and foreign COA are deeply analyzed, and the development trend of the COA modeling methods are also analyzed. The COA models are divided into the conceptual models and the solution models for the first time, and the limitation of the current COA conceptual models is analyzed with this viewpoint. For the characteristics of across the campaign level and tactical level during the process of the COA wargaming, utilizing …
Research And Realization Of 3d Scene Modeling In Chemical Industry Park, Hongyue Zhu, Bin Chen, Xiaodong Wang, Rongxiao Wang, Zhengqiu Zhu, Xiaogang Qiu
Research And Realization Of 3d Scene Modeling In Chemical Industry Park, Hongyue Zhu, Bin Chen, Xiaodong Wang, Rongxiao Wang, Zhengqiu Zhu, Xiaogang Qiu
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Aiming at the visualization of atmospheric pollution monitoring data in chemical parks, the method of 3D modeling in chemical industry parks is studied, and a remote-web-login and realistic three-dimensional visual information management system based on GIS remote sensing data and sensors’ monitoring data is realized. For simple objects such as buildings, rapid modeling based on GIS data is used; for complex objects such as chemical devices, 3ds Max and UAV tilt photography are combined to model; in terms of visualization, Cesium-based web front-end development technology is adopted. By adopting the above modeling methods in combination, not only the repetitive …
Evaluation Of Contribution Of Army Combined Arms In All-Domains Weapon System-Of-Systems Based On Critical Capability, Xiaochao Qian, Tang Wei, Chen Wei, Yingbo Lu, Zhifeng Lu
Evaluation Of Contribution Of Army Combined Arms In All-Domains Weapon System-Of-Systems Based On Critical Capability, Xiaochao Qian, Tang Wei, Chen Wei, Yingbo Lu, Zhifeng Lu
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: To support equipment development demonstration of the army combined arms in all-domains weapon system-of-systems, an evaluate method of weapon system-of-systems contribution based on critical capability is studied. The critical capability of the army combined arms in all-domains weapon system-of-systems is analyzed based on the operational mission. A specified scenario of the army combined arms in all-domains weapon system-of-systems is given and the simulation system is constructed. The evaluation index systems and computation model of efficiency of the army combined arms in all-domains weapon system-of-systems are established under the specified scenario. The evaluation result can support the development demonstration …
Modeling, Simulation And Realization Of Writing System Based On Bci Technology, Chen Chao, Ping Yao, Bin Hao, Xu Rui
Modeling, Simulation And Realization Of Writing System Based On Bci Technology, Chen Chao, Ping Yao, Bin Hao, Xu Rui
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: In order to solve the problem of insufficient information transmission and interaction between organisms and electromechanical devices in the integrated system of vital electricity, Emotiv EPOC and mechanical arm of eeg acquisition equipment were used to build a writing system based on brain-computer interface technology with faster information transmission rate The system modeling and simulation were conducted. In the system modeling, the frequency identification of steady-state visual evoked potential was carried out by a combination of bandpass filtering and Canonical Correlation Analysis algorithm, and the accuracy rate of the four classifications was as high as 91.6%. In the online …
Think Of The Dynamic Data Driven Application Systems In Simulation: From Physics Domain To Social Domain, Bin Chen, Yiping Wang, Xiaogang Qiu, Liu Liang, Ma Liang
Think Of The Dynamic Data Driven Application Systems In Simulation: From Physics Domain To Social Domain, Bin Chen, Yiping Wang, Xiaogang Qiu, Liu Liang, Ma Liang
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Dynamic data driven application systems (DDDAS) is an important part in the intelligent ACP based experimental approach. With the development of information technologies such as big data, intelligent learning, game play theory, the modes of application of DDDAS in simulation cases have changed a lot. In order to meet the requirements of the researches in both physics domain and social domain, the applications of DDDAS in classical cases are summarized. The data assimilation in the two physics cases is illustrated in detail. Then the cases in social domain which is focused by safety science are also discussed. The …
Uncertainty Quantification Method For Aircraft Using Pce Model, Liu Bo, Xiaobing Shang, Chao Tao, Ping Ma, Yang Ming
Uncertainty Quantification Method For Aircraft Using Pce Model, Liu Bo, Xiaobing Shang, Chao Tao, Ping Ma, Yang Ming
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: In order to study uncertainty quantification of aircraft, which has the characteristics of many uncertainty parameters, complex model structures, and so on, an uncertainty quantification method based on polynomial chaos expansion is proposed. A method based on multi-dimensional polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) is used as an agent model to approximate aircraft so as to reduce the amount of calculation of transmitting by the vehicle dynamic system from uncertainty parameters. The Sobol index of the global sensitivity is calculated based on the approximate agent model. An example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the polynomial chaos expansion method …
Computational Model And Analysis Of Parachute’S Opening Load In Rocket Sled Experiments, Conglei Wang
Computational Model And Analysis Of Parachute’S Opening Load In Rocket Sled Experiments, Conglei Wang
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: The multi-bodies method with mass-spring damper model is used to analyze the parachute opening load in the rocket sled experiments. Results show that the computational model can be used to predict the opening load variation in rocket sled experiments. The computed maximum value and moment of opening load agree well with the experiment data. At the same time, the influences of fore-body mass and deploy velocity on the inflation load are analyzed. The analysis shows that in the range of 200~450 km/h, the peak value of the inflation load increases with the increase of the deploy velocity, and …
Facial Feature Points Tracking System And Simulation Analysis, Mingze Yuan, Shihong Xia
Facial Feature Points Tracking System And Simulation Analysis, Mingze Yuan, Shihong Xia
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Obtaining facial feature points from images are one of the fundamental research issues in computer vision and graphics. At present, most of face alignment methods obtain the position information of face feature points from a single static picture, i.e., a single still picture detection. Although these methods have obtained relatively accurate detection results, in the detection of feature points of continuous picture sequences, the feature point jitter may occur due to environmental changes such as illumination and background. Therefore, an embedded tracking system for a human face feature points is constructed using a tracking-based method for acquiring facial feature …
Cloud Job Scheduling Model Based On Improved Plant Growth Algorithm, Li Qiang, Xiaofeng Liu
Cloud Job Scheduling Model Based On Improved Plant Growth Algorithm, Li Qiang, Xiaofeng Liu
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: The performance of cloud job scheduling algorithm has a great importance to the whole cloud system. The key factors that affect cloud operation scheduling are found out, and a resource constraint model is established. The existing simulation plant growth algorithm is improved based on the Logistic model of plant growth law, so that the plant growth way was made to change according to the energy power. The comparison of four different plant models was carried out and their different features were analyzed. Compared with 6 typical cloud job scheduling algorithms, it is concluded that the improved simulation plant growth …
Application Tests Of Mudis In Surface Ship Operation Training Simulation System, Xu Jing, Zhengxiang Xiong, Yongsheng Zhang, Xu Ming
Application Tests Of Mudis In Surface Ship Operation Training Simulation System, Xu Jing, Zhengxiang Xiong, Yongsheng Zhang, Xu Ming
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: To meet the network communication demands of surface ship operation training simulation system, a multi-layer distributed service data interaction RTI was developed, which supported several system frameworks; and the main functions of HLA and DDS standards were realized. The distributed service with multiple key points was adopted; the data with several frequency response mechanisms and intelligent communication methods were provided; and the active analysis of data communication behavior was obtained. It had error-tolerance and adaptive load balancing capabilities. The MuDIS tests on data control, real-time data communication, time advance request delay, error-tolerance performance and so on were carried out …
Simulation-Based Acquisition Platform For Complex Equipment, Huiyang Qu, Yaoqin Zhu, Ruiying Pu, Junhua Zhou, Guoqiang Shi
Simulation-Based Acquisition Platform For Complex Equipment, Huiyang Qu, Yaoqin Zhu, Ruiying Pu, Junhua Zhou, Guoqiang Shi
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Based on the architecture of the simulation-based acquisition platform and the integrated modeling technology, the modeling and simulation technology based on virtual prototype is described. The modeling and simulation techniques for reliability, maintainability and supportability, and for the acquisition project management across the life-cycle are elaborated. Based on an aerospace complex equipment acquisition project, the application of the simulation-based acquisition platform in the aerospace equipment demonstration, development and support phase is introduced.
Low-Rank Sparse Joint Representation For Moving Object Detection In Video, Yang Lei, Pang Fang, Huosheng Hu
Low-Rank Sparse Joint Representation For Moving Object Detection In Video, Yang Lei, Pang Fang, Huosheng Hu
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: For the video sequences with fixed cameras, it is a reasonable assumption that the fixed background has low-rank characteristic, and the dynamic foreground has sparse characteristic. A new motion detection method based on low-rank and sparse joint representation is proposed in this paper. The ideas of the proposed method are described as follows: The noise of video sequence is removed by image preprocessing. The optical flow between continuous video sequences is estimated, which is used to generate a binary motion mask as a movement weight matrix. An optimization model with low-rank background and sparse foreground is established based …
Mining And Validation Of Attacking Behavior In The Robocup 2d Simulation, Chen Bing, Zhang Heng, Zekai Cheng, Dong Peng, Lin Chao
Mining And Validation Of Attacking Behavior In The Robocup 2d Simulation, Chen Bing, Zhang Heng, Zekai Cheng, Dong Peng, Lin Chao
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Robocup is an international academic competition which focuses on artificial intelligence and robotics. The 2D simulation is one of the earliest and most influential projects in Robocup. Attacking is the core behaviour of the simulated football game, as well as the attack recognition is considered as an important part in team-confrontations. This paper selects some active and contribution index of attacking, extracts lots of attacking behaviour data of the key agents, proposes two kinds of attacking patterns of 2D simulation, as ‘separate attack’ and ‘cooperative attack’, according to the human-player actions. The following simulation tests give the accuracy of …
Real-Time Reconstruction And Simulation Of Police Dog Posture Based On Multi-Sensor Data Vest, Chaozheng Zhu, He Ming, Yang Sheng, Yang Cheng, Zhenhua Song
Real-Time Reconstruction And Simulation Of Police Dog Posture Based On Multi-Sensor Data Vest, Chaozheng Zhu, He Ming, Yang Sheng, Yang Cheng, Zhenhua Song
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Real-time police dog posture reconstruction provides an intelligent, convenient and over-the-horizon interactive way for police on duty with dogs. For the biological movement characteristics of police dogs, a new multi-sensor dog data vest was designed and implemented. Based on multiple small size and low power consumption sensors, a new police dog motion fusion method was proposed to capture the different posture data of police dogs, including standing, sitting and prone position, etc. For frequent jitter of police dogs, this paper proposed a method of dog posture reconstruction based on multi-sensor data vest, and introduced an improved kernel function ELM …
Uncalibrated Visual Servoing Based On Kalman Filter Optimized By Spsa, Jinqiang Zhang, Xianxia Zhang
Uncalibrated Visual Servoing Based On Kalman Filter Optimized By Spsa, Jinqiang Zhang, Xianxia Zhang
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Considering the problem of robot uncalibrated visual servoing, this paper presents a method for online estimation of image Jacobian matrix based on Kalman filter optimized by simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation algorithm. This method takes the robot image Jacobian matrix as the system state, and uses Kalman filter to observe the system state. In order to improve the performance of the filter, the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation algorithm is used to optimize the filter parameters. This method is used to estimate the image Jacobian matrix and to design the control strategy, which can avoid complicated system calibration process. The simulation …
Construction And Application Of Low Altitude Multi-Path Simulation System Based On Volume Distributive Target Simulation, Xiaolei Wang, Baiting Liu, Chaolei Wang, Zhaowei Yang, Yuhui Tao
Construction And Application Of Low Altitude Multi-Path Simulation System Based On Volume Distributive Target Simulation, Xiaolei Wang, Baiting Liu, Chaolei Wang, Zhaowei Yang, Yuhui Tao
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: With the continuous development of broadband high-resolution radar technology, the existing simulation technology cannot meet the needs of complex RF target and low altitude multi-path simulation with multi scattering center characteristics. The paper takes broadband high-resolution RF imaging guidance system as application background. A method for constructing a low altitude multi-path semi-physical simulation system based on volume distributive target simulation is put forward. The RF complex volume distributive target control model and low altitude multi-path simulation control model are developed. A hardware-in-the-loop system with low altitude multi-path simulation is constructed. The experimental results show that the simulation model …
Modeling And Simulation Of Pem Fuel Cell / Battery Hybrid Vehicle, Guizhi Sun, Sam Park, Zhongling Lin
Modeling And Simulation Of Pem Fuel Cell / Battery Hybrid Vehicle, Guizhi Sun, Sam Park, Zhongling Lin
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: This paper describes modeling of a hybrid power system that supplies energy to an electric vehicle based on a hybrid system that uses a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell as a primary energy source and a battery pack as an ancillary energy storage system. A threshold approach has been employed for power control. When the power required by the vehicle exceeds a threshold, the battery works with the fuel cell to satisfy the dynamic response of vehicle. Otherwise the fuel cell works alone with regenerative braking enabling recharging of battery capacity. The proposed model has been simulated and …